- 1. Abhijit A.M. [email_address] Free (dom)Software Lokayat Free
Knowledge Initiative http://www.lokayat.org.in
2. I bet you know this How many times have you banged your head
at this screen? The Windows Blue Screen of Death 3. VISTA ! 4. Have
you ever read the license agreement? 5. Its business! 6. Software
Piracy is Illegal
-
- Certain software are not allowed to be copied
- 7. You can be put behind the bars for the same
8. Can you own a copy of Windows Vista ?
9. You just license it 10. Once the license expires, you can not
use it 11. So what to do?
-
- Pay Microsoft to renew the license
- 12. Even when you have already paid once!
13. Software is Costly Well, writing a CD/DVD costs Windows
Vista Rs. 7000 Microsoft Office Rs. 25000+ (variable) Adobe
Photoshop CS, CS3 Rs. 15000+ Tally.erp9 Rs. 13500 Corel Draw 12 Rs.
20000 + only Rs. 15 14. Did you know?
- There is an alternative to Windows OS
15. Which is available FREE of cost 16. Which can be copied
without anybody's permission 17. You can see, study and modify the
source code of that Operating System It's called Linux Or rather
GNU / Linux 18. Welcome to the World of GNU / Linux The World of
Free Software 19. Free (!!)?
- Free as in Freedom, and not Free as in Free food
- We are talking ofUsersbeingFree to usethe software
- Well, most of free software is actually available free of
cost
-
- But that's another interesting story!
20. So what's Free Software ?
- Software that respects the User's Freedom
Freedom What is it? 0 Run the programfor any purpose 1 Study and
Modifythe program 2 Copy the programso you can help your neighbor 3
Improve the program, andrelease your improvementsto the public, so
that the whole community benefits 21. Hmmm, Free Software really
gives us freedom But that's not enough! There is a deep thought
behind the 4 rules of free software 22. The 4 Freedoms
Explained
-
- Having control of your own computer
- 23. Use your bike for anything that you want
1: Study and Modify
-
- How else you can have control of your computer, and run it for
any purpose
-
- If the software does not run for some purpose, you should be
able to make it run
- 24. Modify your bike to look like a sportbike !
25. The 4 Freedoms Explained
-
- Who is more important: friend, or software agreement?
- 26. Breaking the social solidarity
-
-
- Dont you share a bike with your friend?Why make software an
exception?
-
- Law does not mean good always
- 27. The lesser evil: Do wrong to the one who did wrong
3: Redistribute improvements to all
-
- Being a party of community, give back
- 28. Helping each other, community and co-operation
29. Why academic institutes should use Free Software
-
- Teach society to be capable
- Teach studentsFreedom and notDependence
30. Moral education
-
- The spirit of helping other people around them in society
31. Why Colleges should use Free Software
-
- The spirit of helping other people around them in society
- This means that the academic institutions must promote free
software !
32. Hmmm, so who wrote Linux?
- Initiated by Linus Torwalds
- Later improved bysoftware developers all over the world
- Linux runs using GNU utilities
33. What is GNU?
-
- That's where the Free Software Movement Started
- Wanna know more about the history of GNU and Free Software
Movement ?
34. Richard M Stallman
- American software freedom activist
- The Hero of Free Software Movement
- Hacker (programmer), Software developer (wrote emacs, and tons
of other software)
- Sept 1983: GNU Projectand the free software movement
35. GNU / Linux
- Linux on your box runs with
-
- 36. Other GNU utilities(gcc, ld, )
- Linux was released under a GPL developed by GNU
- Hence it must be called GNU / Linux
37. What is GPL?
- GNU General Public License
- License: Alegal instrument
-
- Governs the usage or redistribution of copyright protected
software
- A software published under GPL is Free
-
- We can copy, study, modify, redistribute
-
- All further releases by anyone must be under GPL only
38. Open Source
- So what's the difference between Open Source & Free
Software?
- Open Source = Free Software - Talk of 4 freedoms
-
- Giving away the source, but not talking of the 4 freedoms
-
- Benefits of having source for commercial interests, ignoring
the moral aspects
- 39. Talk about technical benefits only
40. Open Source And Free Software
- Free & Open Source Software = FOSS
41. Advantages
- Fundamental control and flexibility
- Not being dependent on a sole-source company
42. Free Software Success
- GNU / Linux: Favorite OS for Servers
- Survey, April 1999 Operating System Market Share Composition
GNU / Linux 28.5% GNU / Linux Windows 24.4% All Windows combined
(including 95, 98, NT) Sun 17.7% Sun Solaris or SunOS BSD 15.0% BSD
Family (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, BSDI, ) IRIX 5.3% SGI IRIX 43.
Apache beats all Apache is the highest used Web Server in history
44. Reliability, Failure Rates 45. Proprietary Vs Free Software
- What about software that are available on Windows, but not on
Linux?
-
- Making Guns is easier than Houses, but do we want to?
-
- Proprietary Software is Immoral, why do immoral things
- Well, as a matter of fact there are alternatives on Linux for
almost everything on Windows
46. How does proprietary software get established ?
- Proprietary Software Only for Profit
-
- Windows, Office, Adobe, Corel, Macintosh, etc.
- Supported by License agreements and
- Both Copyright & Patent laws talk about Intellectual
Property and promoting innovation
48. Intellectual Property
- One who gets an idea firstownsthat idea
- Right to earn money on the basis of ideas that one gets
49. Can knowledge be an individual property ? Lets discuss...
50. Why knowledge can't have owners Who owns the idea ofWheel ? Who
owns the idea ofWriting ? Who owns the idea ofCooking ? Society has
developed most of its knowledge through co-operation and sharing
There was no individual ownership of knowledge for most of human
history 51. Free Knowledge
- Any invention is always built on top of socially owned
knowledge
- adding a drop to the ocean of knowledge
I could see farther because I was standing on the shoulders of
Giants - Albert Einstein 52. What is the cost of knowledge ? 53.
Patents are privatising and monopolising knowledge
- Claim over the whole ocean
54. Patents: Innovation Killers
- More innovation if more people have knowledge and can use
it
- 30,000 varities of rice in India before green revolution
55. Now less than a hundred ! Patents: Restrict the knowledge to
the corporate labs
- Only those with money can use a patent
56. Profit machines for the companies 57. Why some people claim
Ownership?
-
- Copyright protects Authors natural rights
- 58. Leads to more production
59. The Law
- Actual motive is Profit making
60. Whats wrong with Patents?
-
- We can not use an invention, until we pay money
- Some ideas cant have alternatives
- Very hard for individuals to get a Patent
-
- 61. Only big companies can own it
- Cost of using a patent is very high
-
- So most of the people cant use it
- Case of Haldi and Neem Patents
62. Patents & Copyright
- You register an invention in your name, called Patent
- Anybody who uses your idea / product can be charged for it
- Patents are in public domain, so anybody can see them
- Hence it is said that theyll spread knowledge and the world can
use it
- Copyright covers a work of Authorship. A Patent covers an
Idea
63. Software Patents are even Worse
- Well, patents are anyways bad!
- Software Patents are like Land Mines
-
- You never know when you used somebody elses idea
- Large programs require many ideas
-
- Most of the ideas are mundane, trivial, common sense
- 64. Some company would have already patented them
65. Morally Speaking
- Freedom of all the People is more important than Profits of
Few
- The 4 freedoms of software talk of Ownership of theCommunityand
not an individual
66. Let's Fight
- Against the Monopolisation of Knowledge
67. The World is adopting Free Software
- Venezuela:A free software law in January 2006
- Republic of Peru:"Free Software in Public Administration
bill
- Kerala:Landmark decision to switch all school computers in
12,500 high schools from Windows to GNU / Linux
- Maharashtra:Judiciary and BSNL
68. Nearly a hundred FSUGs (Free Software Users Group) and LUG
(Linux Users Group) in India ! 69. Fall-out of the Free Software
Movement
- The Free & Open Source Software (FOSS) movement
demonstrates how
-
- Labour can self-organise production
-
- Even compete with some of the worlds largest firms
-
-
- As proved by the free Operating System GNU / Linux
- A different kind of activism that promotes development of
technology from below
70. What are you waiting for? Start Your Own FSUG ! 71. Join
Us!
- To become a Free Software Activist
- To fight against Copyright and Patent Laws
- To work for a world where Knowledge is Free!
- We meet every Sunday from 4-7 pm at:
Lokayat, Lenovo Building, Opp Syndicate Bank, Law College Road,
Nal Stop, Pune Join the googlegroup:[email_address] 72. Thank You!
73.
74. Cisco Case 75. Elephant's Dream 76. Send Information
Screenshot 77. References
78. www.gnu.org 79. Hacking Capitalism 80. Cathedral and the
Bazaar 81. Why OSS/FS? Look at thenumbers ! 82. Richard Stallman:
Wikipedia Entry 83. The internet is full of material about FS!