FOREARM (ANTEBRACHIUM)
Fascial compartments
Interosseous membrane
Compartment syndrome
Flexor Forearm - Generalizations
-Attachment: medial epicondyle of Humerus
-Innervation: Median n. (except 1.5 muscles-Ulnar n.)
-Function: Flexion
* KNOW DISTAL ATTACHMENTS….!
Flexor Forearm - Superficial
PT: Pronator TeresFCR: Flexor Carpi RadialisPL: Palmaris LongusFCU: Flexor Carpi UlnarisBR*: Brachioradialis
Flexor Forearm - Intermediate
FDS: Flexor Digitalum superficialis-flexes digits 2,3,4,5…tendon biforcates. Innervated by median n. Attachment at radius and lateral epicondyle of Humerus.
Flexor Forearm - Deep
FDP: Flexor Digitorum Profundus-attaches to base of distal phalanges 2,3,4,5-flexes digits, helps flex wrist-muscle has 2 halves…the tendons going to digits 4 & 5 ulnar nerve & those going to digits 2 &3 innervated by median n. FPL: Flexus Pollicis Longus (pollex=thumb)-from radius to distal phalynx, thumb. (looks like a feather)PQ: Pronator Quatratus-attaches distal ulna to distal radius
Lumbrical muscles...big red (4 of them)
Flexor retinaculum (AKA: transverse carpal ligament)Attaches to pisaform, trapesium, scaphoid, ….What 10 things pass through? Median n., FDS tendons(4), FDP tendons (4), Flexor Pollicis Longus (feather)
The Carpal Tunnel
Extensor Forearm – Generalizations
-Attachment: lateral epicondyle
-Innervation: radial n.
-Function: extension
Extensor Forearm - Superficial
ECRL: extensor carpi radialis longusECRB: extensor carpi radialis brevisED: extensor digitorumEDM: extensor digiti minimiECU: extensor carpi minimi
Extensor Forearm - Deep
APL: Abductor Pollicis LongusEPB: Extensor Pollicis Brevis (brevis=short) (stops at proximal phalanx)EPL: Extensor Pollicis Longus (attaches to distal phalanx)EI: Extensor Indicis…extends the Index fingerSupinator: supinates the forearm Anconeus*: purple, wraps around, allows supination
Anatomical Snuff Box Contents: Radial A. & Scaphoid Bone
Extensor Retinaculum
Extensor Expansion (Hood)-sheath-Like tendon that is like a sheath on Digits 2-5 crossing whole posterior phalanx
Forearm – Vessels/Nerves
Forearm – Vessels/Nerves
PROBLEM SPOTS FOR NERVES:Median N. – b/w 2 heads pronator teres m. (upAt the elbow where it enters the elbow) At medialEpicondyleUlnar N. – b/w 2 heads of FCURadial N. (deep) – through supinator muscle, ex-Tends up lateral epicondyle.
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