Predation, Scavenging, Symbiosis (3)
• A predator is any consumer that KILLS AND EATS another living organism in order to obtain energy. The organism being eaten is called the PREY
• Examples: Lions, Wolves, Eagles, Man
Pitcher plant• Prey-trapping
mechanism that features a deep cavity filled with a ‘pitfall trap’
Venus Fly trap• Catches and digests
food stuffs• Insects trigger hairs
that cause the mouth to slam shut when triggered
• VENUS – from Roman god of love
Archer Fish• The Archerfish
sprays a fine jet of water to knock an insect off a low-lying branch
Salamander• The salamander uses its
long sticky tongue to capture insects
• A SCAVENGER is any consumer (animal) that feeds on DEAD organisms
• Examples: vultures, snails, crows, jackals, hyenas
• A SAPROPHYTE lives on NONLIVING ORGANIC MATTER and breaks down matter such as dead plants, animals and feces for consumption.
• Examples: Fungi, Molds, Bacteria
Vultures• Bald head to keep
the head clean while feeding
• Possesses very strong stomach acid used to break down infected flesh and/or unbroken bones
Earthworm• Body plan: A tube,
digestive system and a slimy, muscular outer layer of skin
• Feeds on detritus and decaying organic matter
• Burrowing by worms is a form of natural aeration
• Two different kinds of organisms 'live together' in a relationship:• Mutualism• Commensalism• Parasitism
NOT REAL!
• The anemone's tentacles release a paralysis toxin that provides the Clownfish with protection from predators
• The clownfish protects the anemone from Butterflyfish (consume anemones)
Sea Anemones (tentacles) and Ocellaris Clownfish (Nemo)
vs
Whales and Barnacles• During a barnacle's
larval stage (youth) it attaches to baleen whales.
• The barnacle benefits by finding a habitat with available nutrients, which would not be possible otherwise
• The whale couldn't care less and is not affected in a positive or negative way
Head Lice• Feed on sebaceous
secretions (sweat glands and pores) and blood
• Lice obtain sustenance (food)
• Humans/similar mammals are harmed through blood loss, exposure to disease and inconvenience
• The Nile Crocodile and the Plover
• The Plover cleans the croc's teeth and prevents infection
• This is an example of:Mutualism
• Certain luminescent bacteria living on the ‘lure’ of the anglerfish obtain nutrition after the fish has eaten.
• In turn, the bacteria provide a lantern for ‘fishing’
• This is an example of
Mutualism
• A mouse is eaten by a cat
• This is an example of
Predation
• Certain young clams attach themselves to the gills of fish. In a short time, each clam becomes surrounded by a capsule formed by the cells of the fish. The clams feed and grow by absorbing nutrients from the fish's body
• This is an example ofCommensalism
• Toadstools thrive on fallen (dead) logs
• This is an example ofSaprophytism
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