FMD Global Situation FMD Global Situation WRLFMDWRLFMD®®
December 2011December 2011
Th W ld R f L b t f FMDTh W ld R f L b t f FMDThe World Reference Laboratory for FMD The World Reference Laboratory for FMD
D J fD J f MM H dH dDr Jef Dr Jef M. M. HammondHammondDonald King, Nick Knowles, Jemma Wadsworth, Bob Statham, Yanmin Li, Pip Hamblin, Ginette Wilsden, Geoff
Hutchings, Nigel Ferris, Valerie Mioulet, Miki Madi, Begona Valdazo, Anna Ludi, and Elizabeth Wilson Institute for Animal Health Ash Road Pirbright Surrey GU24 0NFInstitute for Animal Health, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF,
UNITED KINGDOM
WRLFMDWRLFMD
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Outline Outline •Introduction
•WRLFMD
•Current statusCurrent status•Disease situation
•Diagnostics
•VaccinesVaccines
•Future Issues
WRLFMDWRLFMD
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FMDFMDFMDFMD• The most infectious disease known
• A present and continuing severe global threat
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FMDFMDFMDFMD• The most infectious disease known
• A present and continuing severe global threat
• Devastating economic, social and environmental impacts – severe productivity losses
– disruptions in a wide range of agricultural, industrial and social activities
– major threat to food supply
– major expense in control and re-eradication
– high cost of surveillance and emergency preparedness.
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FMDFMD
• 7 serotypes and multiple subtypes• 7 serotypes and multiple subtypes
No single vaccine• No single vaccine
• No single test
• Each outbreak/situation is different
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FMDV Gl b l IFMDV Gl b l IFMDV Global IssuesFMDV Global Issues
• Healtho Animal welfare – mass slaughter of healthy stocko Human welfare – loss of livelihood
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FMDV Gl b l IFMDV Gl b l IFMDV Global IssuesFMDV Global Issues
• Healtho Animal welfare – mass slaughter of healthy stocko Human welfare – loss of livelihood
• Global TradeGlobal Tradeo Excludes many poorer nations from tradeo Restrictions on many goods (not just meat)
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FMDV Gl b l IFMDV Gl b l IFMDV Global IssuesFMDV Global Issues
• Healtho Animal welfare – mass slaughter of healthy stocko Human welfare – loss of livelihood
• Global TradeGlobal Tradeo Excludes many poorer nations from tradeo Restrictions on many goods (not just meat)
• Cost of Prevention and Outbreakso Surveillanceo Direct and Indirect (compensation, trade and tourism)
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FMDVFMDVFMDVFMDV
• FMDV is a small RNA virus in the family Picornaviridae.
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FMDVFMDVFMDVFMDV
• FMDV is a small RNA virus in the family Picornaviridae.
• Highly contagious vesicular disease affecting up to 70 i f l h f d l70 species of cloven-hoofed mammals.
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FMDVFMDVFMDVFMDV
• FMDV is a small RNA virus in the family Picornaviridae.
• Highly contagious vesicular disease affecting up to 70 i f l h f d l70 species of cloven-hoofed mammals.
• 7 different serotypes: O A C Asia1 SAT1 SAT2• 7 different serotypes: O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3
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FMDVFMDVFMDVFMDV
• FMDV is a small RNA virus in the family Picornaviridae.
• Highly contagious vesicular disease affecting up to 70 i f l h f d l70 species of cloven-hoofed mammals.
• 7 different serotypes: O A C Asia1 SAT1 SAT2• 7 different serotypes: O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3
• Large number of subtypes have evolved within each serotype (topotypes).
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FMD in cattleFMD in cattleFMD in cattleFMD in cattle
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FMD in cattleFMD in cattleFMD in cattleFMD in cattle
UK 2007
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FMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV Infection
•Sheep infected with FMDV may not be diagnosed for aconsiderable time as signs can be very mild.
•But during this period they will be infectious.
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FMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV Infection
•FMD in pigs spreads very rapidly because pigs produce 30 to 100 times as much virus in aerosols as sheep or cattle.
• An infected pig can produce a hundred million infectious doses per day.p y
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FMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV InfectionFMDV Infection
•Some strains of FMDV affect particular species more than others.
T i i i it d i t t ll b t i•Transmission, immunity and carrier status all vary between species.
• > 50% infected ruminants become carriers• African Buffalo: 5 years• Cattle: 3 years
Sheep: 9 months• Sheep: 9 months• Goats: 4 months
• Pigs do not become carriers
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Pathogenesis of FMDPathogenesis of FMDPathogenesis of FMD Pathogenesis of FMD
I b ti i dIncubation periods:
• 2-14 days in individual animals, but dose related
• 4-5 days most common, but may be as short as 24 hours
• 4 14 days for farm incubation period Replication sites:• 4-14 days for farm incubation period Replication sites:
• Initially in pharynx and/or skin
• Then viraemia and generalisation with high level replication
in skinin skin
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TransmissionTransmissionFMDV can be introduced in several ways:
•Direct or indirect contact with infected•Direct or indirect contact with infected animals
•Spread of aerosols
•Contact with contaminated objects•Contact with contaminated objects
(footwear, clothing, vehicles, vets)
•Milk or meat
•Artificial insemination
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FMD Reference Laboratories at Pirbright FMD Reference Laboratories at Pirbright
International•• European Community Reference LaboratoriesEuropean Community Reference Laboratories for for FMDFMD && SVDSVD
– Support and referral diagnosis for NRLs in EU Member States– Marginally costed funding from DG-Sanco
•• OIE Reference Laboratory for FMD OIE Reference Laboratory for FMD – Wide remit in support of safeguarding and promoting international trade– No financial support from OIE- charging for services?
World Reference Laboratory for FMD designated by FAOWorld Reference Laboratory for FMD designated by FAO•• World Reference Laboratory for FMD designated by FAOWorld Reference Laboratory for FMD designated by FAO– WRLFMD– Global surveillance and threat recognitiong– Reference Laboratory Network of OIE/FAO FMD Labs– Small financial contribution from FAO
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World Reference Laboratory for FMDWorld Reference Laboratory for FMD-- WRLFMDWRLFMDWRLFMD
• 24/7 Diagnostic Service
• Global surveillance
• Strain characterisation
• Vaccine matching (Bulgaria, South Korea)
• Extensive library of isolates
• Test improvement & Development, validation,
• Quality assurancey
• Reagent supply
• Trainingg
• Advice & Reports
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The WRLFMD website contains quarterly andThe WRLFMD website contains quarterly and annual reference laboratory reportshttp://www.wrlfmd.org/ref_labs/fmd_ref_lab_reports.htm
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Reference Laboratories HandoutReference Laboratories Handout
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FMD Di t ib tiFMD Di t ib tiFMD i d i i f S h A i Af i d
FMD DistributionFMD Distribution• FMD is endemic in most of Southern Asia, Africa and
parts of South America.
• Most of Europe, North and Central America, Australia,
f fNew Zealand and Japan are free of FMD.
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DiagnosisDiagnosis Laboratory diagnosis of FMD Laboratory diagnosis of FMD DiagnosisDiagnosisApproaches:• Detection of FMD virus antigen or nucleic acid
y gy g
• Detection of FMD virus, antigen or nucleic acid • Virus Isolation• Antigen Elisag•Lateral Flow Device• Automated TaqMan® RT-PCR
• Detection of FMDV-specific antibody (SP/NSP) • Virus Neutralization Test• Virus Neutralization Test• Liquid Phase Blocking Elisa• Solid Phase Competition Elisap• 3ABC Elisa (Non structural protein NSP)
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Current assays for FMDV detectionCurrent assays for FMDV detection
Virus isolation
(CTY or IBRS2)1-4 days
Ag ELISA ~4 hours
AutomatedTaqMan®RT-PCR
~5 hours
Time to report result (hrs)1 10 100
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Diagnostic CentralDiagnostic Central WRLFMDgg
NSPSerolog
SPELISA
??
VNT
ELISASerologyAg detection
MolecularPropagation
ELISA
VNT
Colour test
Calf inoculation Ag-ELISA Strip tests
Complement fixation
??Virus Isolation
rRT-PCR
Frenkelculture
MicroArrays
??
Small animal assays
? Under constructionRT-LAMP
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New technologies / new opportunities New technologies / new opportunities
LOCAL LABORATORY
Suspect case
LOCALCLINICAL
OBSERVATION
LABORATORYDIAGNOSIS
(Local or NRL)p
of disease
1 Lateral-flow devices for FMDV antigen1. Lateral flow devices for FMDV antigen
2. Mobile PCR
3. Isothermal assays
•Faster (more rapid detection)•Ability to support diagnosis based on clinical signsAbility to support diagnosis based on clinical signs
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Future challengesFuture challengesFuture challengesFuture challenges• Many technologies
i ki h “ i i ” f– picking the “winning” assay format
• Key role of commercial partners– Is the market viable?– IP – freedom to operate
• Who uses the tests? – expectation of stakeholders
F l il bl t l f l l– Freely available vs control of local diagnosis/reporting
• Use in FMD-endemic countries• Use in FMD-endemic countries
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New VaccinesNew VaccinesNew Generation FMD Vaccines
New VaccinesNew Vaccines
•Longer duration of protection;
•Faster onset of protection;
•Broader spectrum of protection
•More potent immunity to prevent viral replication
and development of viral carriers
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New VaccinesNew VaccinesNew Generation FMD Vaccines
New VaccinesNew Vaccines
•Better discrimination of vaccinated animals that
go on to become infected;
•Thermostable- no/reduced cold chain
•Safer to make and easier to administer.
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Enhanced Enhanced Surveillance: Surveillance: OIE/FAO OIE/FAO Lab networkLab network
• WRLFMD: Pirbright, UK• RRLSEA: Pakchong, Thailand• LVRI: Lanzhou, China• FGI ARRIAH: Vladimir, Russia • PDFMD: Mukteswar, IndiaPDFMD: Mukteswar, India• RRLSSA: Gabarone, Botswana• FMD-Laboratory: Embakasi, Kenya
PANAFTOSA Ri d J i B il• PANAFTOSA: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil • LFADLCT: Argentina• ARC-OVI: Onderstepoort, RSA Approximately ~2300
l t t d d i 2010p ,
• PIADC: Plum Island, USA• CODA-CERVA-VAR: Ukkel, Belgium
samples tested during 2010
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OutputsOutputsOutputsOutputsCurrent•Highly detailed analysis of virus
O i i•Origin•Serotype•Genotype/strain•Possible source•Possible source•Vaccine matching by lab assay•Animal experiments
•Detailed reports•Detailed reports
Progressg•Complete genome analysis•Epitope mapping•Antigenic cartographyAntigenic cartography
•Combine data from all inputs to provide a more comprehensive analysis•Use of high potency vaccines•Use of high potency vaccines
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Conjectured Status of FMDConjectured Status of FMD
Endemic
Intermediate, sporadic
Free with vaccination
Free. Virus present in game parks
Countries with multiples zones:FMD-free, free with vaccination or not free
WRLFMDFree
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Visualization of Regional Virus Pools Visualization of Regional Virus Pools as an Aid to Global Control as an Aid to Global Control
Divides the Globe into 7 pools each with
M l i l b i l fi d• Multiple serotypes but topotypes mainly confined to
that pool
• Each pool may need tailored vaccines and strategies
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Conjectured Status of FMDConjectured Status of FMD
Pool 3O, A, Asia 1
Pool 5O, A, SAT 1, 2 Pool 1
Endemic
Pool 7O, A
O, A, SAT 1, 2
Pool 2
Pool 1O, A, Asia 1Intermediate, sporadic
Free with vaccination
Countries with multiples zones:
P l 6Pool 4A O SAT 1 2 3
O, A, Asia 1
Free. Virus present in game parks
Countries with multiples zones:FMD-free, free with vaccination or not free
Pool 6SAT 1, 2, 3
A, O, SAT 1, 2, 3Free
Pool positions are approximate and colours indicate that there are three principal pools, two of which can be subdivided into overlapping areas
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subdivided into overlapping areas
OverviewOverview ofof serotypingserotyping resultsresults forfor 20102010
8.5%7% 2% 2.5%
O
80%
ASAT 1SAT 280%Asia 1
The network laboratories received more than 2,300 samples in 2010 from 38 countries80% of the samples characterised in 2010 were of the O serotype
Note that serotypes C and SAT 3 were not detected.Asia 1 only in India
80% of the samples characterised in 2010 were of the O serotype.
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Samples and virus isolates made by region in 2010. Samples and virus isolates made by region in 2010.
In total 38 different countries submitted 2,338 samples to OIE/FAO FMDNetwork Laboratories
700
• 53% to WRLFMD•
400
500
600samples
isolates
Collected in 2010 Collected earlierLaboratory Samples Countries Samples CountriesWRLFMD 760 26 458** 14PANAFTOSA 10 1
200
300
400PANAFTOSA 10 1FGI‐ARRIAH 15 4RRLSSA 24 3
ARC‐OVI 642 10PIADC‐ 5 1
0
100FADDLLVRI 34 1PDFMD 244 1RRLSEA 98 4 10* 2LFADLCT 22 1
1854 52# 468 16#
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VP1 sequence analysis in 2010. VP1 sequence analysis in 2010.
In total 750 VP1 sequences were characterised in 2010:
648 (86%) from WRLFMD648 (86%) from WRLFMD
The remaining 102 (14%) came from other laboratories.
14%
86%
WRLFMD
Other
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Vaccine matching by VNT 2011 Vaccine matching by VNT 2011
60
O Manisa vs O PanAsia 2 A22 vs A Iran 05
8
10
12
t t l
40
50
60
t t l
2
4
6total
match
10
20
30 total
match
0A22 A Iran 05
Asia 1 Shamir
0O Manisa O PanAsia 2
10
12
Asia1/PAK/32/2011
Asia1/PAK/38/2011
Asia1/PAK/109/2010
Asia1/PAK/50/2011
Asia1/PAK/49/2011
Asia1/PAK/39/2011
Asia1/PAK/37/2011
Asia1/PAK/36/2011
Asia1/PAK/35/2011
Asia1/PAK/16/2011
Asia1/PAK/15/2011
Asia1/PAK/14/2011
Asia1/PAK/13/2011
Asia1/PAK/12/2011
Asia1/PAK/11/2011
Asia1/PAK/8/2011
Asia1/PAK/7/2011
Asia1/PAK/111/2010
88
2
4
6
8 total
match
Asia1/PAK/111/2010
Asia1/PAK/110/2010
Asia1/PAK/108/2010
Asia1/PAK/106/2010
Asia1/PAK/33/2011
Asia1/PAK/34/2011
Asia1/PAK/17/2011
Asia1/BAR/1/2011
Asia1/BAR/2/2011
Asia1/BAR/3/2011
Asia1/BAR/4/2011
Asia1/IRN/43/2011
Asia1/IRN/33/2011
Asia1/IRN/46/2011
Asia1/IRN/38/2011
Asia1/PAK/6/2011
Asia1/PAK/47/2011
Asia1/PAK/8/2008
Asia1/PAK/26/2009
Asia1/PAK/27/2009
99
100
99
100
100
0total match
Asia1/PAK/29/2009
Asia1/IRN/25/2004 (DQ121120)
Asia1/YNBS/CHA/58 (AY390432)
Asia1/CAM/9/80
Asia1/Shamir/ISR/89
Asia1/BAR/8/2009
Asia1/BAR/9/2009
Asia1/IND 32/08* (HQ224556)
Asia1/IND 12/07* (HQ224553)
Asia1/IND 227/07* (HQ224555)
Asia1/IND 121/07* (HQ224554)
Asia1/IND 97/08* (HQ224560)
Asia1/IND 95/08* (HQ224558)
Asia1/IND 93/08* (HQ224557)
Asia1/IND 96/08* (HQ224559)
Asia1/IND 137/08* (HQ224561)
Asia1/Jiangsu/CHA/2005 (DQ156527)
Asia1/PAK/1/54
99
100
98
100
85
0.02
Submission to WRLFMD 2011Submission to WRLFMD 2011Country No. of Virus isolation in cell culture/ELISA
samples FMD virus serotypes NVDO A C SAT 1 SAT 2 SAT 3 Asia 1
AFGHANISTAN** 292 109 22 - - - - 7 92BAHRAIN 15 - - - - - - 4 11BOTSWANA 5 - - - - 5 - - -BULGARIA 47 17 - - - - - - 30CAMBODIA 4 2 - - - - - -DPR KOREA 31 1 - - - - - - 30DPR KOREA 31 1 - - - - - - 30HONG KONG 2 2 - - - - - - -IRAN 91 13 24 - - - - 7 9IRAQ 17 6 1 - - - - - 10ISRAEL 7 6 - - - - - - 1KENYA 22 9 4 9KENYA 22 9 - - 4 - - - 9KUWAIT 2 2 - - - - - - -LAOS 4 4 - - - - - - -LIBYA 52 2 - - - - - - 50MALAYSIA 23 1 - - - - - 5PAKISTAN*** 130 50 1 - - - - 48 33SOUTH AFRICA 24 - - - - - - - 24SOUTH KOREA 17 9 - - - - - - 8SRI LANKA 2 2 - - - - - - -THAILAND 17 6 11 - - - - - -THAILAND 17 6 11TURKEY 30 7 19 - - - - ? 4VIETNAM 47 41 1 - - - - - 5ZIMBABWE 2 - - - - 2 - - -TOTAL 883 289 79 - 4 7 - 66 321
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Submission to WRLFMD 2011Submission to WRLFMD 2011Country No. of Virus isolation in cell culture/ELISA
samples FMD virus serotypes NVDO A C SAT 1 SAT 2 SAT 3 Asia 1
AFGHANISTAN** 292 109 22 - - - - 7 92BAHRAIN 15 - - - - - - 4 11BOTSWANA 5 - - - - 5 - - -BULGARIA 47 17 - - - - - - 30CAMBODIA 4 2 - - - - - -DPR KOREA 31 1 - - - - - - 30DPR KOREA 31 1 - - - - - - 30HONG KONG 2 2 - - - - - - -IRAN 91 13 24 - - - - 7 9IRAQ 17 6 1 - - - - - 10ISRAEL 7 6 - - - - - - 1KENYA 22 9 4 9
No Asia 1 in 2010 69 so far in 2011 ***
KENYA 22 9 - - 4 - - - 9KUWAIT 2 2 - - - - - - -LAOS 4 4 - - - - - - -LIBYA 52 2 - - - - - - 50MALAYSIA 23 1 - - - - - 5
Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, Bahrain & Turkey
PAKISTAN*** 130 50 1 - - - - 48 33SOUTH AFRICA 24 - - - - - - - 24SOUTH KOREA 17 9 - - - - - - 8SRI LANKA 2 2 - - - - - - -THAILAND 17 6 11 - - - - - -
yhave all reported outbreaks of Asia 1
THAILAND 17 6 11TURKEY 30 7 19 - - - - 3 4VIETNAM 47 41 1 - - - - - 5ZIMBABWE 2 - - - - 2 - - -TOTAL 883 289 79 - 4 7 - 69 321
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Serotypes Identified 2011Serotypes Identified 2011yy
O38%
NVD38%42%
AAsia 110%9%
SAT1SAT2<1%1%
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23 countries~900 samples
FMD FMD Outbreaks 2011Outbreaks 2011>900 Samples from 23 Countries>900 Samples from 23 Countries
BahrainAsia1
T k
IranO, A & Asia
900 samples>600 positive >900 Samples from 23 Countries>900 Samples from 23 Countries
B l i
LibyaO
KuwaitO
TurkeyO, A & Asia
1*
1 AfghanistanO, A & Asia 1
BulgariaO
Iraq
IsraelO
ChinaO Kazakhstan
O
Russia O
IraqO & A
VietnamO & A
Chinese TaipeiO
PakistanO, A & Asia 1 South Korea
O
O
AngolaSAT2
BotswanaSAT2
ThailandO & A Laos
O
ZambiaO
DPR KoreaO
Sri Lanka
Endemic FMD ‐Free Free with vaccination
ZimbabweSAT 2
KenyaO & SAT 1
Hong KongO
O
South AfricaNVD Mozambique
SAT2
CambodiaO Malaysia
O
Sri LankaO
Intermediate, sporadic Free. Virus present in game parksCountries with multiples zones:FMD‐free, free with vaccination or not free
WRLFMD
SAT2
23 countries~900 samples
FMD FMD Outbreaks 2011Outbreaks 2011>900 Samples from 23 Countries>900 Samples from 23 Countries
BahrainAsia1
T k
IranO, A & Asia
900 samples>600 positive >900 Samples from 23 Countries>900 Samples from 23 Countries
B l i
LibyaO
KuwaitO
TurkeyO, A & Asia
1*
1 AfghanistanO, A & Asia 1
BulgariaO
Iraq
IsraelO
ChinaO Kazakhstan
O
Russia O
IraqO & A
VietnamO & A
Chinese TaipeiO
PakistanO, A & Asia 1 South Korea
O
O
AngolaSAT2
BotswanaSAT2
ThailandO & A Laos
O
ZambiaO
DPR KoreaO
Sri Lanka
Endemic FMD ‐Free Free with vaccination
ZimbabweSAT 2
KenyaO & SAT 1
Hong KongO
O
South AfricaNVD Mozambique
SAT2
CambodiaO Malaysia
O
Sri LankaO
Intermediate, sporadic Free. Virus present in game parksCountries with multiples zones:FMD‐free, free with vaccination or not free
WRLFMD
SAT2
Vaccine SelectionVaccine Selection
• OiE/FAO FMD Reference LaboratoryOiE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network
• FMD Vaccine Bank Holders Network
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Current FMD Threat AnalysisCurrent FMD Threat Analysis: from reported incidence: from reported incidence
Serotype O- widespread circulation– FMDV type O – ME-SA topotype – PanAsia-2 lineage
yy
– FMDV type O – SEA topotype – Mya-98 lineage
Serotype A- widespread circulation– FMDV type A – ASIA topotype – Iran-05 lineage– FMDV type A – ASIA topotype – other
Serotype Asia 1 – limited circulation- risk of further spread– Several reports in 2011 associated with poor laboratory vaccine matching this is being closely monitored by OIE FMD reference laboratory at Pirbright
Serotypes SAT – restricted circulation– Have not established outside of Africa
Serotype C– No reports of serotype C since 2004p yp
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Vaccine Recommendations Vaccine Recommendations (National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)
O ManisaO BFS CO BFS or CamposA-Iran-05A24 CruzeiroA22 Iraq Asia 1 Shamir
HIGHPRIORITY
Asia 1 ShamirSAT 2 Saudi Arabia (or equivalent)
A Argentina 01A Iran 96A Iran 96A Iran 99A EritreaA Iran 87 or A Saudi Arabia 23/86 (or equivalent)A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as A/NPT/TAI/86)
MEDIUMPRIORITY
A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as A/NPT/TAI/86)O Taiwan 97 (pig-adapted strain or Philippine equivalent)SAT 1 South AfricaSAT 2 Zimbabwe
A15 Bangkok related strainA KenyaA87 Argentina related strainSAT 1 KenyaSAT 2 K
LOWPRIORITY
SAT 2 KenyaSAT 3 ZimbabweC Noville Within category: not in order of importance
Vaccine Recommendations Vaccine Recommendations (National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)(National & European antigen banks)
O ManisaO BFS C
PanAsiaPanAsia 2 2 O BFS or CamposA-Iran-05A24 CruzeiroA22 Iraq Asia 1 Shamir
HIGHPRIORITY
Asia 1 ShamirSAT 2 Saudi Arabia (or equivalent)
A Argentina 01A Iran 96A Iran 96A Iran 99A EritreaA Iran 87 or A Saudi Arabia 23/86 (or equivalent)A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as A/NPT/TAI/86)
MEDIUMPRIORITY
A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as A/NPT/TAI/86)O Taiwan 97 (pig-adapted strain or Philippine equivalent)SAT 1 South AfricaSAT 2 Zimbabwe
A15 Bangkok related strainA KenyaA87 Argentina related strainSAT 1 KenyaSAT 2 K
LOWPRIORITY
SAT 2 KenyaSAT 3 ZimbabweC Noville Within category: not in order of importance
Global ActivitiesGlobal Activities
•OIE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network - developing relationshipsOIE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network developing relationships
•Increased workload- samples
•Increased demand for
Training•Training
•Proficiency testing
•Accreditation
•Ref Labs need dedicated funding from this initiative
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WRLFMD WRLFMD SummarySummary
• FMD present in many regions/ Significant impact on livelihoods
• Major risk of spread through movement of animals and products
• Vaccination alone is not enough- Education and bio-securityVaccination alone is not enough Education and bio security
• What can we do together within the networks?
• Twinning projects – diagnostics training/ epidemiology/QA
• Improve surveillance- not all about NSP testing!
Obt i li i l l h t i t / / i t h• Obtain clinical samples: characterise serotypes/sequence/ vaccine match
• Decreased funding will affect all reference laboratories and control plang p
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www.wrlfmd.org
Th N t k P id l b l ‘ l ti i ’ f th• The Network Provides a global ‘real time virus map’ for the
implementation of better informed control measures for FMDp
• A major combined effort both National and Global is needed for
control
•• Meeting in Bangkok 2012Meeting in Bangkok 2012
P ti f Gl b l St t t C t l FMDPreparation of a Global Strategy to Control FMD
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