(729)
SUBJECT INDEX
��
2G Spectrum case..................................458
A
Abolition of
bonded labour system––..................415
bonded labour system............................
Absence of Medical or other
Evidence–only self statement
available–effect ? ...........................288
Abuse of
process of the Court––
penalized by monetary compensation ..................................649
the process of the Court...................202
Accused
Determination of compensation depends on capacity of— .......................370
Acquisition of
land by Railways .............................598
Administrative decisions
Judicial review of.––Writ
Jurisdiction—Locus standi ..............462
Adversary litigation
PIL is not in the nature of—............438
Affect the working and
functioning of the office of the
Chief Minster of the State of
Maharashtra...........................................62
Agreement, custom, etc., to be void .....416
Air and Water pollution .......................623
by Trade or Industry........................525
AIR Pollutant in
Industry ...........................................525
Air Pollution
Extent of .......................................547
in Residential Area.—
Existence and survival of
industries falling within the
mischief of the regulatory
Statute ............................................. 526
Allegations of
corrupt practices—Coalition
Politics on post election .................. 473
the full time Law teachers
against the petitioners are
based on surmises and
conjecture........................................ 199
infrastructure fraud–referred
to apt govt. machinery like
Lokayukta ....................................... 460
Allotment of House ............................... 649
Allotment of Land................................. 664
carrying tag of cast or
religion––allotment to be per
doctrine of equality ......................... 465
for TATA Nano car project in
Gujarat–PIL rejected ....................... 459
for the purpose of school................. 503
Amalgamation of
co-operative societies...................... 663
Amending
Act .................................................... 78
Provisions ......................................... 74
Annihilation of
inhabitants by factory Effect
prayer is made before Court............ 527
Anonymous Petition
Whether The—Is To Be
Treated As Public Interest
Litigation ?........................................ 38
Apology
How to be made? ............................ 456
Appeal
–Maintainability of.......................... 456
Applicability of
Procedural Law—........................... 618
Appointment of
730 Public Interest Litigation
Chief Vigilance
Commissioner .................................512
Non-official visitors of jail—..........393
Apprehension of
violation of fundamental right .........253
Arrest
Legal duty of Police ........................334
Requirements of ..............................334
Arrest of
volunteers of political party.............313
Auction
Legality of—of mines of sand.........517
Authorities who may be specified
for
implementing the provisions
of this Act........................................418
Award
to STF for killing
Veerappan—contention that it
was unclear whether it was
encounter or suicide—effect ............287
B
Bail
Compliance of non-bailable
warrant in custodial death
against Police personnel ................367
Grant of. ..........................................399
Bamboo
Cutting of ........................................605
Ban old Vehicle
Rigour of Order—...........................553
Ban on
limestone quarries is a right of
people to live in healthy
atmosphere ......................................529
manufacture of few fireworks
Prohibited which creates noise
beyond permissible limit .................529
manufacture of few
fireworks—Prohibited which creates noise
beyond permissible limit ................578
smoking in public places .................621
Bank
PIL against increase in non-
recovered loans by— ...................... 460
Bar Association
Petition by—Challenging
establishment of Court of Joint
District Judge and Additional Sessions Judge—Locus standi ......... 635
Bar on
Public Interest Litigation—............. 243
Beach
Construction................................... 493
Benefit of
personal right .................................. 271
Binding Nature
of decision......................................... 75
Black Money Stashed in Swiss
Banks
Orders passed by the Supreme
Court 239
SIT Formed—Power to order
this SIT derived from ...................... 241
Bonded debt
Liability to repay—to stand
extinguished .................................... 416
Bonded labour system .......................... 415
Abolition of..................................... 415
Bonded Labour ..................................... 316
Bonded labourer
Freed—not to be evicted from
homestead, etc................................. 417
Property of—to be freed from
mortgage, etc................................... 417
Burden of Proof
to be on Police for non-torture–per Law
Commission’s Report on
Evidence Act................................... 337
Bureaucracy
Misuse of Public money by a
subdued––....................................... 200
Bye-laws missing–effect
Subject Index 731
Distance of buildings either
side of the road from the centre of the road–...........................693
C
CAG
—Direction for estimation of
profit and loss.—Gold
reserves ...........................................457
Campaign for awareness of the
Govt. schemes–held,
non political campaign ....................464
Cancellation of
registration of traders ........................250
Cantonment Act
Question of law relating to
interpretation of Article of
Constitution and provisions of
the—..................................................92
Case beneficial
to a Particular Individual.— .............285
Cattle Wealth
Depletion of.....................................576
Cause of
environment degradation.................529
Cause of action
for Public Litigation ........................273
CBI investigation
is no ground for converting a
case into PIL......................................68
Central and State amendment
Repugnancy between—.....................90
Central Statute
Clear-cut provision in........................78
Challenging establishment of
Court of Joint District Judge
and Additional Sessions
Judge
Petition by Bar Association.——Locus standi.................................635
Check on polluted atmosphere
Prevention and control of pollution ..........................................529
Chief Vigilance Commissioner
Appointment of–– ........................... 512
Child
Marriage Prohibition Officers ......... 407
—Marriage—A stigma ................... 408
Marriage—Prohibition
Officers to be public servants.......... 408
marriages in contravention of
injunction orders to be void ............ 407
marriages to be voidable at the
option of contracting party
being a child.................................... 403
Power of court to issue
injunction prohibiting—
marriages......................................... 406
Punishment for male adult marrying a—................................... 405
Punishment for promoting or
permitting solemnization of—
marriages............................................... 405
Child Labour
Prohibition and Regulation of—..... 414
Child Marriage
Prohibition Officers to be
public servants ................................ 408
Child Prostitution
—Rescuing of .......................................313
Children
Legitimacy of—born of child marriages......................................... 405
Welfare of ....................................... 413
Chlorine Gas
Escaping of— ................................. 570
Citizen person
—Liberty of .................................... 298
Citizenship
The Courts and theories of
Democracy,––and Good
Governance ....................................... 66
Civil suit
Pendency of .................................... 663
Clear-cut provision in
Central Statute................................... 78
Closure of workshop
732 Public Interest Litigation
for livelihood Constitutionally
recognised values, cannot be ignored ............................................529
Coalition Politics on post election
Allegation of corrupt practices ........473
Cognizable
Offences to be—and non-
bailable ............................................407
Cognizance
Responsive Law Court must
take—of the fact and act
accordingly......................................552
Collective activity ..................................450
Committee for
Protection of Democratic
Rights ..............................................289
Commonwealth Games Village
constructed on a riverbed ................497
Compensation
Abuse of process of the
Court––penalized by monetary .......642
by Industry ......................................530
Custodial death—............................335
Dangerous activity to pay—
loss. Nature of the activity
carried on ........................................535
Death in police custody ...........332, 335
Delay in speedy trial caused
mental anguish liable for— .............360
Detention in Jail to labourer
for no reason, liable for— ...............339
Determination of—depends on
capacity of accused..................................370
Failure to show illegal detention
not entitled for–– ...............................342
for illegal detention .........................279
Grant of—for violation of
Fundamental Right ..........................348
Illegal detention-claim of ................279
Liability to pay ................................282
to victim of police atrocities............280
Violation of Fundamental Freedoms and Human
Rights—Writ for— .........................326
Compulsory exposure of
unwilling persons
to dangerous and disastrous
noise violative of Article 21............ 530
Concept of
Locus Standi...................................... 94
Conditional order for removal of nuisance.
Consequences of his falling
to do so........................................ 625
Conflict
between two similar statutes................75
Conscious decision
after taking them into account......... 530
Constitution
Deprivation of right of life and
liberty under Article 21 of—........... 256
Environmental Protection is
a—Mandate..................................... 545
Every person is entitled to life
as enjoined in Article of the— ........ 299
Constitution
Question of law relating to
interpretation of Article of—
and provisions of the Cantonment Act ................................ 92
Relief for breach of Article 21
of the—........................................... 306
Scope of Human Right and
Article 21 of the— .......................... 327
Whenever a problem of ecology
is brought before the court, it is bound to bear in mind Article 48
A of the .....................................................618
Constitution of India
and Public Interest Litigation—Fundamental
rights ............................................... 269
Article 12 ........................................ 271
Article 15 ........................................ 304
Constitutional provisions
International treaties to be in
conformity to................................... 666
Constitutionality
Presumption as to.............................. 88
Subject Index 733
Constructed on a riverbed
Commonwealth Games
Village.............................................497
Construction
Beach...............................................493
—Commonwealth Games
Village (CGV) & Metro
Section of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation etc.—PIL.....................459
for Municipal School.......................507
Haphazard—of Guest Houses,
Commercial Establishments & Hotels.—Relief Not Granted...........485
Legal documents—of ........................82
near Protected monuments––Humayun’s Tomb............................497
of judgment .......................................77
of Mosque .......................................494
of New Judicial Complex................640
of Stadium and Marriage
Pandals on historic park ..................621
of stadium.—Whether the writ petition qualifies the
requirements of public interest
litigation? ........................................497
on historic park................................497
Proviso ..............................................88
statute ................................................75
Construction activity
Illegal construction..........................201
Litigation for enforcing public
duty .................................................202
not conforming to the law...............190
Repair of road..................................201
Construction—Commonwealth
Games Village (CGV)
& Metro Section of Delhi
Metro Rail Corporation etc.—
PIL ..................................................459
Construction of stadium.—
Whether the writ
petition qualifies the
requirements of public interest litigation? ........................................497
Consumerism of
Plastic and its effect ........................ 531
Consumers Association
Petition by....................................... 182
Contemporanea Exposition
A Method of...................................... 83
Contempt of Court
what amounts to .............................. 456
Contempt
Power of High Court ....................... 456
proceedings against
Government Officials...................... 450
Contravention of notice
inviting tenders––Public
Property sold at throw away
prices............................................... 497
Converting a case into PIL
CBI investigation is no ground
for...................................................... 68
Conviction
Protection in respect of—for
offences........................................... 301
Co-operative societies
––Amalgamation of ........................ 663
Corrupt Practices
In Telephone exchange ................... 468
Countermanding election
on the ground of failure to
conduct free, fair and
impartial election ............................ 474
Court
Abuse of process of the––
penalized by monetary compensation .................................. 642
Enlargement of provisions of
Act by—.......................................... 209
False statement made before
the—Effect ........................................451
Court to which petition should be
made ............................................... 405
Court-fees
on PIL are payable ............................ 67
Courts and advocates
734 Public Interest Litigation
Rajasthan High Court
direction for making available the land for the facility of—............641
Courts duty
Petition on newspaper
report—Locus Standi ......................207
Speedy Trial–Undue delay in
judgment. ........................................206
Strict Scrutiny .................................232
To check if it is Public interest
or Publicity interest .........................208
to judge genuine PIL .......................659
Courts should not place reliance
on decisions without
discussing as to how the
factual situation fits in with the fact situation of the
decision ...........................................209
Creditor
not to accept payment against
extinguished debt ............................417
Criminal Contempt
—Ingredients of ..............................456
Criminal justice
Participation of victim in
the—process....................................301
requires justice to victim due
to loss of life....................................368
Custodial death
Compensation..................................335
Worst kind of crimes .......................336
Custodial violence
and abuse of Police Officers............335
Custody
and maintenance of children of child marriage ...............................404
Cut of remission
—Imposition of ...............................395
Cutting of
Bamboo ...........................................605
fodder ..............................................625
D
Damages
caused by pollution be
recovered from who pollutes........... 535
Dangerous activity
to pay compensation loss—Nature of the activity carried
on .................................................... 535
Death
in illness of thousand persons
and pollution crime ......................... 535
Tragic incident of patients––
due to Fire ....................................... 225
Deduction
of expenses from prisoner by
State .................................... 368
not permissible ................................ 369
Deeming provision .................................. 78
Deficiency in
Communication.—While in jail,
communication................................ 471
Definition clause...................................... 78
Degradation
due to pollution ............................... 536
Delay
in speedy trial caused mental
anguish liable for
compensation .................................. 360
in trials—Right of prisoners—........ 392
Delays
Disposal of cases—......................... 644
Democracy
The Courts and theories of––
,Citizenship, and Good
Governance ....................................... 66
Demolition
of the existing old toilet block
near ‘Gateway of India’ in
Mumbai........................................... 496
order for dilapidated building.......... 625
Denial of
Subject Index 735
Overcrowding of prisons &
inadequate human resources—speedy trial.......................................523
Public right ........................................... 625
Depletion
of Cattle Wealth ..............................576
Deprivation of
right of life and liberty under
Article 21 of Constitution................256
Dereliction of duty
by public authority ..........................200
Detention
in Jail to labourer for no
reason, liable for compensation ........339
Detenu
Fundamental rights of......................343
Determination of
compensation depends on
capacity of accused..................................370
Determination of
objects of statute................................74
Dilapidated building
Demolition order for .......................625
Direction for estimation of profit
and loss
CAG—Gold reserves ......................457
Direction sought on State Govt.
—policy formulation on
setting up retail outlets along
National Highway ...........................459
Directions for, issued
Public interest litigation—
Origin and development—
Charted out—Preservation of
purity and sanctity—.........................16
Discharge of
effluents on river Ganga..................541
environmental pollutants and
hazardous substances ......................541
Discrimination
alleged in water connection––
relief not granted .............................661
Disposal of cases
—delays ..........................................644
Disposal of
the land by bulk sale ....................... 662
Distance of buildings
either side of the road from the centre of the road–bye-laws
missing–effect. ................................ 693
District court
Power of—to modify orders
issued under Sec. 4 or 5 .................. 405
District Magistrate
Duty of—and officers authorized by him ........................... 418
Duty of—and other officers to
ensure credit.................................... 418
Disturbance
Environmental—............................. 251
Doctrine of equality
Allotment of Land carrying
tag of cast or religion––
allotment to be per .......................... 465
Documentary proof
—source of possession
unexplained..................................... 510
Doubtful credentials of litigant
Appointment of amicus curiae........ 204
Court may still examine the
issue having regard to various
nature of the public cause?.............. 204
Duty of
Court to weigh the Public
Interest of Litigants ......................... 620
DM & officers authorized by
him .................................................. 418
District Magistrate and other
officers to ensure credit................... 418
the Govt. to prevent hazardous
and inherently dangerous
activities causing health
hazards and creating pollution.......... 541
E
Ecology and environment..................... 542
Ecology
736 Public Interest Litigation
Whenever a problem of—is
brought, the court is bound to bear in mind Article 48A of the
Constitution.............................................618
Economic Justice ...................................432
Education
Governments negligence
towards—(Bihar case).....................500
—Prevention of ragging ..................505
Educational Institutional
Fundamental rights—Running
of— .................................................504
Effects of
noise on sleep and rest. Lack
of Concentration..............................543
Ejusdem generis rule ...............................78
Election
Countermanding––on the ground of failure to conduct
free, fair and impartial
election............................................474
Electricity, roads, pavements,
water, transport
Free access of public to public
amenities—. ....................................645
Enactment and commencement of an Act ..................................................... 78
Encounter
by Police not illegal.........................340
Encounter or suicide
Award to STF for killing
Veerappan—contention that it was unclear whether it was—
effect................................................287
Encroachment
due to public thoroughfare ..............486
on Government Land.......................488
of road .........................................489
Enforcement
of fundamental right ........................253
of laws made for prevention of
pollution ..........................................620
Enlargement of
provisions of Act by Court ..............209
Ubi jus ubi remedium...................... 250
Environment
Cause of—degradation.................... 529
Ecological balance and P.I.L........... 201
Maintainability of ........................... 188
Problems of Roads and
sanitation in colony ..................... 186
Vehicular pollution in Delhi ........... 621
Environmental conservation
—Sustainable development can be achieved only by an
environmental management
with the active public
participation .................................... 543
Environmental Courts .......................... 596
Tribunals Problems of
complex technology problem
when scientific knowledge is
institutionalised in policy making or used as a basis for
decision making by agencies
and Courts....................................... 543
Environmental
disturbance ...................................... 251
Ground of—and health hazard
and nuisance.................................... 550
questions affecting humanity .......... 545
Environmental pollution
Petition alleging—Whether every citizen has fundamental
right? ............................................... 564
Environmental protection
Consciousness for ........................... 530
is a Constitution Mandate ............... 545
Equal Protection of Law....................... 302
Escaping of
Chlorine Gas ................................... 570
Essential ingredients
to be satisfied before issuing
any direction on public
interest Litigation .............................. 58
Established by law
Procedure— .................................... 301
Euthanasia–General background ..............
Subject Index 737
Active Euthanasia............................421
Passive Euthanasia.—Effect............424
Procedure to be followed by
the High Court.........................425
Evicted
Freed bonded labourer not to
be—from homestead, etc.................417
Evidence Act
Burden of Proof to be on
Police for non-torture–per
Law Commission’s Report
on–– ................................................337
Evidence
No locus standi to interfere
with the—........................................203
Evolution
of New Law Role in the
process of social
transformation .................................431
Exceptions
Misuse of land-gifted to
government––the stadium to be used for sports activities
only with certain—..........................234
Explanation............................................102
Exploitation
Non-awareness from .......................443
Expunging Of Allegations
––This petition to settle
personal scores ................................659
Extent of
Air Pollution .................................547
Extinguished debt
Creditor not to accept payment
against–– .........................................417
F
Factories
responsible for slavery ....................326
Factory
Annihilation of inhabitants by––Effect prayer is made
before Court ....................................527
False statement
made before the Court.—
Effect..................................................451
Family
ignored medical advice ................... 429
Fees
Levy of............................................ 251
Final Order............................................ 626
Fire
Tragic incident of patients
death due to––................................. 225
Fiscal Statute ........................................... 79
Fodder
Cutting of ........................................ 625
Forum
Public interest litigation .................... 66
Fraud
Allegations of infrastructure–
referred to apt govt.
machinery like Lokayukta............... 460
Free access
of public to public
amenities—Electricity, roads,
pavements, water, transport. ........... 645
Free legal aid ......................................... 299
Freed bonded labourer
not to be evicted from
homestead, etc................................. 417
Frivolous PIL by
Member of the Bar .......................... 642
Functioning of
Vigilance Committees..................... 418
Functions of Board—Effect and
purpose of the Act
Central Board.................................. 548
State Board...................................... 549
Fundamental Freedoms
Violation of—and Human
Rights—Writ for
compensation .................................. 326
Fundamental right
Apprehension of violation of–
– ...................................................... 253
Formatted
738 Public Interest Litigation
Constitution of India and
Public Interest Litigation—.............269
Enforcement of................................253
Grant of Compensation for
violation of—..................................348
No violation of— ..............................262
of detenu..........................................343
Petition alleging
environmental pollution—
Whether every citizen has ...............564
—Role of Media..............................467
—Running of Educational
Institutional .....................................504
Furnishing of information
to State Board and other
agencies in certain cases..................550
G
Gateway of IndiaDemolition of the existing old toilet block near—in Mumbai.......................496
Genuine PIL
Courts duty to judge whether–– ......................................................659
Gold reserves
CAG—Direction for estimation of profit and
loss.— .............................................457
Good faith
Protection of action taken in—........408
Government Officials
Contempt proceedings against.........450
Govt. property alienated
—PIL Maintainability .....................460
Grant of
—Compensation for violation
of Fundamental Right......................348
exclusive privileges to liquor
vendors by State—PIL against—cannot be
maintained by Public Trust .............460
Lease of reserved Forest—..............572
Stage Carriage Permit—..................480
Ground of
environmental and health
hazard and nuisance ........................550
Group of persons
have no locus standi to file
Public Interest Litigation................. 189
Guest Houses, Commercial
Establishments & Hotels
Haphazard Construction of—
Relief Not Granted.......................... 485
Guidelines for
entertaining a Public Interest
Litigation......................................... 102
for PIL—Interpretation of
Statute ............................................... 82
H
Harmful Gas
—Issuance of .................................. 572
Harmonious construction ....................... 79
Hawala Transactions ............................ 657
Hazardous and inherently
dangerous activities
Duty of the Government to prevent—causing health hazards
and creating pollution ....................... 541
High Court
Suo motu action by— ..................... 211
High Court direction for
recovery of loan on NewsPaper
publication
Elements of public interest? ....... 212
Public interest involved in
intervening in such a
commercial transaction ? ................ 212
Previous record can be
examined by Court........................ 212
Mala fides allegation....................... 213
High Court Judge
Land allotment to—quashed
by Apex Court................................. 224
High Security Registration Plates (HSRP)................................ 459
Historic park
being converted into Stadium
and Marriage Pandals...................... 621
Construction on............................... 497
Subject Index 739
History of
Human Rights .................................292
Honour Killing
Father killed his daughter ................445
Inter caste marriage .........................276
Hospital, post office & sulabh
sauchalaya
Land for—.......................................443
Human Right(s) .....................................470
Basic ...............................................297
History of ........................................292
—Meaning of ................................. 295
of neglected and exploited
segments of the society ...................312
of victims of crime ..........................300
Scope of—and Article 21 of the Constitution ...............................327
Violation of Fundamental
Freedoms and—Writ for
compensation ..................................326
I
Illegal activities
concerning narcotic and
psychotropic substances—
complained ......................................677
Illegal detention
—claim of compensation ................279
Failure to show––not entitled for
compensation ..................................342
Illegality and irregularities
committed in selection ....................509
Illustrations
to a section ........................................81
Impleadment
of Parties .........................................569
Imposition of
Cut of remission— ..........................395
Inability to express right to live
or die
Patients............................................426
Incorporation and adaptation of
existing Laws
Legislation by—..............................82
Individual
Liberty of ....................................... 276
Industries
Air Pollution in Residential
Area.—Existence and survival
of falling—within the
mischief of the regulatory Statute ............................................. 526
Industry
AIR Pollutant in–– .......................... 525
Compensation by ............................ 530
Injunction
Child marriages in
contravention of—orders to be
void ................................................. 407
pending inquiry ............................... 626
Power of court to issue—prohibiting child marriages ............. 406
Inquiry ................................................... 221
Intention of
Legislature ........................................ 81
Inter-caste marriages............................ 276
Interim order Proceedings ................... 234
International scenario............................. 69
International treaties
to be in conformity to
Constitutional provisions ................ 666
Interpretation of Statute
Guidelines for PIL............................. 82
Interpretation
Question of law relating to—
of Article of Constitution and
provisions of the Cantonment
Act .................................................... 92
Interrogation
—Method of.................................... 344
Investigation
CBI—is no ground for
converting a case into PIL................. 68
Issuance of
Harmful Gas—................................ 572
740 Public Interest Litigation
J
Jail
Deficiency in Communication.—While in—, communication .............471
Detention in—to labourer for
no reason, liable for
compensation ..................................339
Re-construction ...............................371
Judgment
Construction of..................................77
Judicial activism
P.I.L. and—.....................................202
Judicial Administration
and Our Rights ..................................16
Judicial Complex
Construction of New–– ...................640
Judicial function
True purpose of––and locus
standi...............................................202
Judicial review.......................................285
of administrative decisions.––
Writ Jurisdiction—Locus
standi...............................................462
Policy Decision of the
Govt.—............................................460
Judiciary
Judicious approach of the ................335
Jurisdiction
of Court ...........................................275
of High Court to Constitute Special Bench for Pollution
matter ..............................................563
of the Supreme Court—
Representation converted to PIL– ................................................231
Right to invoke the—of the
Court ...............................................245
Supervisory .....................................225
Whether the—of a Court is
ousted or not ? .................................209
Writ .................................................463
Juvenile Offences...................................391
L
Land
Acquisition of––by Railways .......... 598
Allotment of––carrying tag of
cast or religion––allotment to
be per doctrine of equality .............. 465
Allotment of––for the purpose
of school.......................................... 503
Disposal of the––by bulk sale ......... 662
for hospital, post office & sulabh sauchalaya ........................... 443
Rajasthan High Court
direction for making available
the—for the facility of Courts and advocates.................................. 641
Land allotment
to High Court Judge quashed
by Apex Court................................. 224
Land owners
Rehabilitation and
resettlement of................................. 442
Lapse
of 100 crores rupees in
Bihar—For plan allocation,
Primary and Secondary
School ................................................502
Law Commission’s
Burden of Proof to be on
Police for non-torture–per––
Report on Evidence Act .................. 337
Law teachers
Allegations of the full time–
against the petitioners are
based on surmises and
conjecture........................................ 199
Lease
of reserved Forest—Grant of .......... 572
Legal aid
Free ................................................. 299
Legal documents
—Construction of ............................. 82
Legal support
to the poor and disadvantaged
sections of the community .............. 249
Subject Index 741
Legality
of auction of mines of sand .............517
Legislation
by incorporation and adaptation of existing Laws.............82
Legislature
Intention of........................................81
Legitimacy
of children born of child
marriages.........................................405
Legitimate Expectations .........................68
Letter writing
by prisoner banned ..........................366
Levy of
Fees .................................................251
Water cess—Validity of ..................620
Liability
to repay bonded debt to stand
extinguished ....................................416
Liberal Approach ..................................173
Liberal construction
of statute............................................82
Liberal View ..........................................552
Liberty
Involvement of liberty.....................300
of Citizen person— .........................298
of Individual ...................................276
Protection of life and liberty............302
Protection of life and personal
liberty ..................................302
Restraints on personal liberty ..........306
Limitations
on PIL ...................................................67
Limitations.............................................211
Liquor
vending location to be away
from residential areas, government buildings, schools
temples and several other
institutions.......................................652
Liquor vendors
Grant of exclusive privileges
to—by State—PIL against—cannot be maintained by
Public Trust..................................... 460
Literal interpretation
Rule of— .......................................... 91
Litigation
against name of movie/film............. 665
—Meaning of................................... 56
Loans
PIL against increase in non-recovered—by Bank ....................... 460
Locus standi
Concept of......................................... 94
for the interest of people ................. 203
Group of persons have no—to
file Public Interest Litigation .......... 189
is matter of substantial Public
Interest ............................................ 171
Judicial review of
administrative decisions.––Writ Jurisdiction—.......................... 462
No—for personal gain..................... 158
No—to interfere with the
evidence .......................................... 203
Petition by Bar Association.—
Challenging establishment of
Court of Joint District Judge
and Additional Sessions Judge— ........................................... 635
Principle of—What
presuppose?— ...................................127
Rule of ............................................ 201
Rule of—relaxed for
downtrodden ................................... 438
State’s ............................................. 720
Strict Rule of................................... 129
True purpose of judicial
function and–– ................................ 202
Lokayukta
Allegations of infrastructure
fraud–referred to apt govt.
machinery like—............................. 460
Lunatic Asylum
Prisoners Detained in— .................. 370
742 Public Interest Litigation
M
Magistrate
may prohibit repetition or continuance of public nuisance.........626
Maintainability
Govt. property alienated—
PIL—...............................................460
PIL ....................................................64
Supervisory Jurisdiction––of
writ petition .....................................230
Maintainability of
Appeal – ..........................................456
Petition by Journalists— ................... 174
Writ petition under “PIL”
seeking direction to restrain
the Container Corporation of
India Limited— ..............................463
Maintenance
Custody and—of children of
child marriage....................................404
Mandatory or directory provisions .........................................82
Marginal notes.........................................83
Marriage(s)
Custody and maintenance of
children of child— ............................404
Legitimacy of children born of child—.............................................405
of a minor child to be void in
certain circumstances ......................405
Power of court to issue
injunction prohibiting child—........406
Punishment for promoting or
permitting solemnization of
child—.............................................405
Meaning of
Beggar .............................................295
Environment....................................517
Environmental Pollutant.....................517
Environmental Pollution ....................517
Handcuffing ....................................365
Hazardous substance.........................517
Human rights—.............................. 295
Life ........................................ 297, 365
Litigation— ...................................... 56
Natural & Ordinary—Words ........... 85
Prison .................................................365
procedure ........................................ 297
provision ........................................... 85
Reparation....................................... 366
Media
Fundamental Right—Role
of—................................................. 467
Medical
Absence of or other Evidence–
only self statement available–
effect ? ............................................ 288
Advice, Family ignored................... 429
Member of the Bar
Frivolous PIL by ............................. 642
Mines of sand
Legality of auction of—.................. 517
Minor child
Marriage of a to be void in
certain circumstances ...................... 405
Minority opinion ..................................... 85
Misuse
of Public money by a subdued
bureaucracy..................................... 200
Modify orders
Power of district court to—
issued under Sec. 4 or 5 .................. 405
Mosque
Construction Of............................... 494
Movie/film
Litigation against name of............... 665
Multiple Petitions.................................... 64
Municipal School
Construction for .............................. 507
N
Narcotic & psychotropic
substances
Illegal activities concerning—
complained...................................... 677
Subject Index 743
National Highway
Direction sought on State
Govt.—policy formulation on
setting up retail outlets
along—............................................459
National Human Rights
Commission
—Recommendation of ....................300
Nature destruction crimes
and its effect ....................................552
Nature of
allegations Protect the society
farm the so-called protectors ...........552
Nature of allegations
Protect the society farm the
so-called protectors .........................552
Negligence
Governments—towards education (Bihar case).....................500
Right to life—by Government.........568
Newspaper information
PIL–Can be entertained on basis
of—.......................................................67
Noise
Compulsory exposure of
unwilling persons to
dangerous and disastrous—
violative of Article 21 .....................530
Effects of—on sleep and rest.
Lack of Concentration.....................543
Noise pollution .......................................629
non political campaign
Campaign for awareness of
the Govt. schemes–held,..................464
Non-advocate
whether habitually represent
and conduct litigation......................273
Non-bailable
Offences to be cognizable
and—...............................................407
Non-obstante clause ................................86
Non-official visitors of jail
—Appointment of ...........................542
Non-recovered—loans
PIL against increase in—by
Bank................................................ 328
Non-utilisation of grants
by the Government of Bihar,
allocated by the Government of India............................................ 334
Nuisance
Ground of environmental and health hazard and— ........................ 604
Order for the removal of— ............. 685
O
Obey or show cause
Person to whom order is
addressed to .................................... 686
Object and Reasons
Statement of—.................................. 90
Object of
Public Interest Litigation........... 22, 407
Obscenity
Right to Protection of minors
from—published in
newspapers...................................... 471
Offences
to be cognizable and non-
bailable............................................ 407
Onus of Proof
Precautionary principle— ............... 552
Origin and development
Public interest litigation—
Charted out—Preservation of
purity and sanctity—
Directions for, issued ........................ 16
Origin and meaning
Public Interest Litigation......................... 3
P
P.I.L. as a weapon ................................. 202
Panchayat Election
Local Self Government is an integral part of Parliamentary
democracy....................................... 474
Parliamentary democracy
744 Public Interest Litigation
Panchayat Election Local Self
Government is an integral part of— .................................................474
Parole
Refusal from release on...................399
Patients
Tragic incident of––death due to Fire ..............................................225
Penal statutes ...........................................86
Pendency
of civil suit ......................................663
Pending inquiry
Injunction ........................................626
Person to whom order is
addressed
to obey or show cause .....................628
Personal interest
If a person having no—but
brings into Court’s notice that the public interest is affected
by action of the State or its authorities........................................290
Personal right
Benefit of––...................................271
Personal scores
Expunging Of Allegations––This petition to settle–– ...................659
Petition
for miserable people of Kalahandi ........................................440
on Public spirited Association .........437
Petition by
Consumers Association ...................182
third party........................................174
Petition by Journalists
—Maintainability of........................... 174
Plastic and its effect
Consumerism of ..............................531
Police
Arrest—Legal duty of— .................334
Burden of Proof to be on––for
non-torture–per Law Commission’s Report on
Evidence Act................................... 337
Encounter by—not illegal ............... 340
Police Officers
Custodial violence and abuse
of 335
Policy Decision of the Govt.
—Judicial Review........................... 460
Political party
Arrest of volunteers of–– ............... 313
Political rallies
in schools ........................................ 501
Poll Violence........................................475
Polluter pays principle...................................518
Pollution
—A curse to mankind ..................... 553
Air and water –– ............................. 566
Air and Water––by Trade or Industry ........................................... 525
Air—in Residential Area.—
Existence and survival of
industries falling within the
mischief of the regulatory
Statute ............................................. 526
Damages caused by—be recovered from who pollutes........... 535
Death in illness of thousand
persons and—crime. A Casual media without proper response ....... 535
Degradation due to.......................... 536
Duty of the Government to
prevent hazardous and
inherently dangerous activities
causing health hazards and creating— ........................................ 541
Enforcement of laws made for prevention of—............................... 620
free water and air—Right to get ................................................... 620
Jurisdiction of High Court to
Constitute Special Bench for—matter ..................................... 563
Subject Index 745
Salient principle of sustainable development—pays.........................553
Poor and disadvantaged sections
Legal support to the of the community— ..................................249
Poor and ignorant of law forum
Public interest litigation on behalf of— ......................................434
Post election
Allegation of corrupt
practices–Coalition Politics
on— ................................................473
Power of
court to issue injunction prohibiting child marriages .............406
district court to modify orders issued under Sec. 4 or 5...................405
Power of High Court
Contempt.........................................456
Power of Magistrate
to direct local investigation
and examination of an expert...................................628
to furnish written instructions, etc. .......................................628
Preamble ..................................................88
Precautionary principle
Onus of Proof ..................................552
Presumption
as to constitutionality ........................88
Prevention and control of
pollution
Check on polluted atmosphere ........529
Previous legislation .................................88
Principle of locus standi
—What presuppose?—.....................127
Prison
Double-ceiling in.............................370
Prisoner
Letter writing by—banned ..............366
Prisoner’s right......................................377
Prisoners
Detained In Lunatic Asylum ........... 370
Right to life of................................. 391
Rules for treatment of— ................. 373
Private interest case
can also be treated as public interest case..................................... 102
Pro bona publico
P.I.L. and—..................................... 203
Procedural Law....................................... 88
—Applicability of ........................... 618
Procedure
established by law........................... 301
on order being made absolute
and consequences of disobedience ................................. 628
where existence of public rights is denied .............................. 628
where he appears to show cause ............................................. 629
Prohibit
Magistrate may—repetition or
continuance of public nuisance .......................................... 626
Prohibition
against slaughtering of cows ............. 89
and Regulation of Child Labour...... 414
Property of
bonded labourer to be freed from mortgage, etc. ......................... 417
Prostitution
Child—Rescuing of..............................313
Protected monuments––
Humayun’s Tomb
Construction near–– ........................ 497
Protection in respect of
conviction for offences ................... 301
Protection of action
taken in good faith .......................... 408
Protection of Democratic Rights
746 Public Interest Litigation
Committee for .................................289
Provision
Meaning of—....................................85
Provisions for maintenance
and residence to female
contracting party to child marriage ..........................................404
Public Accountability............................170
Public authority
Dereliction of duty by—..................200
Public money
Misused of––by a subdued bureaucracy .....................................200
Public nuisance
Magistrate may prohibit repetition or continuance of—.........626
No length of user or obstruction can legalise— ...............626
Public participation
Environmental conservation—
Sustainable development can
be achieved only by an
environmental management
with the active — ............................543
Public passage
Removal of obstruction to ...............629
Public Property sold at throw
away prices
Contravention of notice
inviting tenders––............................497
Public right
Denial of ............................................... 625
Public servants
Child Marriage Prohibition
Officers to be—...............................408
Public spirited Association
Petition on .......................................437
Public Trust
Grant of exclusive privileges
to liquor vendors by State—
PIL against—cannot be
maintained by—..............................460
Punishment
for male adult marrying a
child ................................................ 405
for promoting or permitting
solemnization of child
marriages......................................... 405
Whether deterrence is the
main objective for— ....................... 398
Punitive measures
Ubi jus ibi remedium....................... 346
Purpose of
imposition of Sentence.................... 399
detention ......................................... 399
Purposive interpretation ........................ 89
Q
Quashed
Land allotment to High Court
Judge—by Apex Court ................... 224
Quo warranto ........................................ 510
R
Ragging
Education—Prevention of............... 505
Railway(s)
Acquisition of land by..................... 598
to run trains on a particular
route—Exercise of Writ jurisdiction— .................................. 463
Railway’s Facilities ............................... 479
Rajasthan High Court
direction for making available
the land for the facility of
Courts and advocates ...................... 641
Registration of traders
Cancellation of ..................................250
Rehabilitation and resettlement
of land owners................................. 442
Relief
for breach of Article 21 of the
Constitution..................................... 306
Haphazard Construction of
Guest Houses, Commercial
Subject Index 747
Establishments & Hotels.—
Not Granted.....................................485
Removal
of obstruction to public
passage ............................................629
of the Chief Minister—
Violation of constitutional
mandate of Part I X-A of the
Constitution—Order or direction for—and his other
Ministers .........................................210
Remuneration
of prisoners......................................372
Wage rates for prisoners..................397
Repeal
by subsequent enactment...................90
Representation converted to PIL
–Jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court ...............................................231
Representative action..............................66
Repugnancy
between Central and State
amendment ........................................90
Res—Judicata.
Applicability of P.I.L. .................675
Reservation ............................................441
Reserved Forest
Lease of—Grant of..........................572
Residence
Provisions for maintenance
and—to female contracting party to child marriage ....................404
Responsive Law Court
—must take cognizance of the
fact and act accordingly...................552
Retrospectivity.........................................90
Right of life and liberty
Deprivation of—Article 21 of
Constitution.....................................256
Right of people to live in healthy
atmosphere
Ban on limestone quarries is
a––...................................................529
Right of prisoners
—Delay in trials.............................. 392
Right to be heard or show cause
Whether the students and their
parents had any—before
closing of the school, so, what is the effect of its violation? ............ 502
Right to
Get pollution free water and air .................................................... 620
invoke the Jurisdiction of the
Court ............................................... 245
life of prisoners ............................... 311
life of Prisoners ............................... 311
Life.................................................. 306
life—Negligence by
Government .................................... 568
livelihood ........................................ 319
move freely throughout the territory of India.............................. 319
personal liberty ............................... 318
privacy and Article 21..................... 327
Protection of minors from
obscenity published in
newspapers...................................... 471
Right to work .................................. 324
Shelter ............................................. 320
Speedy criminal trial ....................... 320
Rigour of Order
—Ban old Vehicle........................... 553
Role of lawyers ...................................... 635
Rule of
literal interpretation........................... 91
Locus Standi relaxed for
downtrodden ................................... 438
locus standi ..................................... 201
Rules for
treatment of prisoners ..................... 373
S
Safeguarding
the interest of small depositors........ 251
Safeguards from unjustified
litigation
748 Public Interest Litigation
Penalty.............................................224
Pro Bono Publico ............................224
Salient principle
of sustainable development—Pollution pays principle are
essential feature of sustainable
development ....................................553
Scheduled Castes
Special treatment to.........................324
School(s)
Allotment of land for the purpose of........................................503
Lapse of 100 crores rupees in
Bihar—For plan allocation,
Primary and Secondary—.................502
Liquor vending location to be
away from residential areas,
government buildings,—
temples and several other
institutions.......................................652
Political rallies in.............................501
Scope and nature
of Public Interest Litigation...............21
Scope and object
of theory ..........................................127
Public Interest Litigation—.............433
Scope of
Human Right and Article 21 of the Constitution...........................327
PIL ..................................................447
powers of Supreme Court................223
Senior Advocates Rules
Validity of Amendment of
Designation of, 1999—Writ
petition challenged ..........................197
Serious Scandal in Functioning of some Subordinate Courts .............216
Amicus curiae in support of maintainability of writ petition........217
FIR 221
Inquiry 221
Judicial Evaluation. 219
Power of High Court .......................216
Service matters
PIL is not to be entertained
in—................................................. 200
Slaughtering of cows
Prohibition against— ........................ 89
Slavery
Factories responsible for ................. 326
Small depositors
Safeguarding the interest of— ........ 251
Smoking
Ban on––in public places ................ 621
Social Interest........................................ 441
Social transformation
Evolution of New Law Role in
the process of— .............................. 431
Source of possession unexplained
Documentary proof— ..................... 510
Special Bench
Jurisdiction of High Court to
Constitute—for Pollution
matter .............................................. 563
Special enactment ................................... 92
Special treatment
to Scheduled Castes ........................ 324
Speedy trial
Delay in—caused mental
anguish liable for
compensation .................................. 360
Overcrowding of prisons &
inadequate human resources—
denial of— ...................................... 369
Stadium and Marriage Pandals
Construction of––on historic
park ................................................. 621
Historic park being converted
into .................................................. 621
Stadium
Misuse of land-gifted to
government––the—to be used
for sports activities only with
certain exceptions ........................... 234
Stage Carriage Permit
—Grant of....................................... 480
Statement of
Object and Reasons........................... 77
Subject Index 749
Statute
Air Pollution in Residential
Area.—Existence and survival
of industries falling within the
mischief of the regulatory—............526
Conflict between two similar...............75
Determination of objects of...............74
Fiscal .................................................79
Liberal construction of ......................82
Order passed by the Court
contrary to mandatory
provision of— .................................209
Redundant words in...........................90
Substantive and procedural ...............92
Statutory rules .........................................92
Stone crusher .........................................626
Substantive and procedural
statutes...............................................92
Substitution of the government
machinery by setting up a
committee or commission like
a superimposed authority by
the court ..........................................461
Suo motu
action by High Court .......................211
Supervisory Jurisdiction.......................225
––Maintainability—of writ
petition ............................................230
Supreme Court
Scope of powers of—......................223
Sustainable development
Environmental conservation—
can be achieved only by an
environmental management
with the active public
participation ....................................543
Salient principle of—Pollution
pays principle are essential feature of sustainable
development ....................................553
T
Taj Heritage Corridor Project .............621
TATA Nano car project
Allotment of land for––in
Gujarat–PIL rejected ....................... 459
Tea Factory Nuisance ........................... 623
Telephone exchange
Corrupt Practices In–– .................... 468
Temples
Liquor vending location to be
away from residential areas,
government buildings,
schools—and several other
institutions....................................... 652
Tenability
Public Interest Litigation—............. 511
Tenders
Contravention of notice
inviting––Public Property sold
at throw away prices ....................... 497
Third party
Petition by—................................... 174
Toilet
Demolition of the existing old—block near ‘Gateway of
India’ in Mumbai ............................ 496
Torture................................................... 346
Trade or Industry
Air and Water pollution by ............. 525
Tragic incident
of patients death due to Fire ............ 225
Transfer
of PIL can be maintained by a
person or group having no personal interest for the
benefit of under-privileged ............443
U
Ubi jus ibi remedium
Enlargement of—............................ 202
Punitive measures: .......................... 346
Under-privileged and helpless
Transfer—PIL can be
maintained by a person or group of persons who have no
personal interest ............................443
750 Public Interest Litigation
V
Validity of Amendment
of Designation of Senior Advocates Rules, 1999—Writ
petition challenged .........................197
Validity of
law or rule .........................................92
Levy of Water cess..........................620
Vehicular pollution
Environment—in Delhi ...................621
Victim
Participation of—in the
criminal justice process ...................301
Victims of crime
Human rights of ..............................300
Vigilance Committees ...........................418
Functions of.....................................419
Violation
Fundamental Freedoms and
Human Rights—Writ for
compensation ..................................326
fundamental right—
Apprehension of ..............................253
No—of fundamental right ...............262
of order or direction for
removal of the Chief Minister and his other Ministers ....................299
Violative of Article 21
Compulsory exposure of
unwilling persons to
dangerous and disastrous
noise ................................................530
W
Water cess
Levy of—Validity of.......................620
Water connection
Discrimination alleged in––
relief not granted .............................661
Weaker section of Society
—Deprived of Justice......................439
Welfare of
children ........................................... 413
Women
Cruelty and Dowry Death ....................... 410
Guidelines to prevent sexual harassment of working
women ............................................ 410
Public Interest Litigation and
Women—Outraging modesty of women ........................................ 412
Public Interest Litigation and
Women—Section 509 of
I.P.C. and women............................ 410
Public Interest Litigation and
Women—Unnatural offence .......... 410
Rehabilitation of Prostitute .................... 412
Treacherous act against women—
Remedy ........................................... 402
Writ
Demanding certain—procedures to be followed .............. 181
for investigation––direction
to approach relevant High
Court and initiation of investigation is for executive
& investigative agencies to
probe ............................................... 674
Judicial review of
administrative decisions.––
Jurisdiction—Locus standi............. 462
Jurisdiction...................................... 463
Personally persons have no locus standi to file a—petition
affected ........................................... 195
petition under “PIL” seeking
direction to restrain the CCIL—Maintainability of............... 463
Rule of mandamus is being
sought as a direction that these
authorities be directed to continue the registration of
land ................................................. 674
Scope of writ of mandamus ...........666
Supervisory Jurisdiction––Maintainability—of—petition ....... 230
Unauthorized blockage of
canal alleged ................................... 674
Subject Index 751
Validity of Amendment of
Designation of Senior Advocates Rules, 1999—
petition challenged .........................197
Violation of Fundamental
Freedoms and Human
Rights—for compensation...............326
Where the Court should
entertain—petition in the nature of PIL—No public
interest involved ............................. 195
Writ jurisdiction
Railway to run trains on a
particular route—Exercise
of—................................................. 463
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