INTRODUCTIONDried biomass of a single species of microbes

that can be used as protein source in the diet. Obtain from biomass of algae ,fungi, blue

green algae ,cynobacteria , Bacteria.Rich in nutritive value.Vitamins & minerals.Nontoxic.Source for human food & animal feed.

History“Saccharomyces cerevisie ”used as SCP in

world war 1. Candida utilis in world war 2Carls L. wilson in 1966 invent first coin term

in Massachusetts institute of technologyIn 1900S SCP recommended as health food.Natural occurring SCP Spirullina used in

Africa, Mexico , Japan In ancient there is not known well about

SCP.

SourceAlgae: Chlorella, Scenedesums , Spirullina,

pichia.Fungi: Candida ulitis, C. lipolitica,

Saccharomyces crevevisie, A. Niger & Trico derma, A. fumigates. Agaricus,

Bacteria: Aceromobacter, bacillus, mycobacterium, methylomonas, cellomonas, Alcaligens, Nocardia spp.

fungi: Fusarium, penicillium.

Substrate used for SCPCo2 & sunlight.N- Alkenes , kerosene.Methane.H2, co2, gas oil.MethanolCellulose {mushroom}.Sugar.

Advantage of microbes as SCPMicrobial biomass double in short time.Relative small space required for mass

culture.Can grow in cheap raw material in large

quantity, Secondary metabolites.Continuous culture without any climatic

changes & culture in any locality.Easy digestible ,nutritive rich in vitamin,

proteins.

Bacteria as single cell protein 1979 Shell Research Ltd (UK) manufactured

bacterial bio mass of methylococcus capsulatus by using methane & hydrocarbon wastes from petroleum refineries .

mass production.

1. Formulation of medium : Waste diesel oil,bagasse, cellulose pulp, methanol &

hydrocarbon are used as carbon sources.2. Fermentation: Temp- 25 to30 Small amount of ammonia is into fermented through its

base.

3. Recovery : Harvested broth mixed with water & centrifuged to

remove the and spent medium. Biomass is spray-dried to remove excess moisture that

causes unpleasant odour during storage.

4.Toxicity testing: Toxicity testing is done with laboratory animals.

ALGAE As SCP

Spirulina is a spirally coiled, multicellular filamentous blue-green alga.

It is naturally found in fresh waters, brackish waters , marine waters and moist soils.

Bio-mass of spirulina is rich in source of protein(i.e.67%) vitamins, minerals and β-carotenes.

Mass Culture Of SpirulinaIn this method solid wastage and suspended

particles are removed from the sewage by the Primary & Secondary water treatment.

The harvested biomass of spriulina is washed with acid water (pH4) to remove the toxic pollutants.

Use Of Spirulina:As therapeutic Agent: Immunity provoking Agent:As Supplement Animal Feed:As Raw Material for Cosmetics:

AdvantagesRich in protein and less fat content.Produce easily, no seasonable, health food.Source of vitamins B ,A,C ,B12.Easily digestible except certain fungi ,yeastLow cost substrate ,natural healthy food . Curable of many disease such as bronchial

asthma, cholesterol level, resistance to viral disease, cure allergy ,B- carotene prevent lungs cancer.

Alternative to common food.Supplement animal feed and fodder.

DisadvantagesHigh nucleic acid content ,RNA content must

be reduced. Risk of contamination by pathologic bacteria.Recovery of cell not easy task. High nucleic acid produce uric acid cause

gout-kidney stone.Costly and Harvesting not easy. Bacterial disease formation. Fungi and yeast poor digestable.

ConclusionSCP must be safe to use.Nutritional comp. must be high –amino acid.Must be accepted by general public.SCP must be functional.Economical viability and less cost .Alternative to food , effective in drought and

starvation , prospective for protein rich food.

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