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Exporting File Systems to UNIX
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
Export a mounted file system
NFS mount a file system from a client
Identify users and groups
The objectives for this module are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
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Mounting a File System to a Mountpoint (CelerraManager)
Right Click File Systems > Left Click Mounts > Mounts
With Celerra Manager, the file system is mounted, by default, at the time you create it. A file system
called marketing is shown here. When marketing was created, it was automatically mounted to a
mountpoint called marketing.
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Mounting a File System to a Mountpoint (CelerraCLI)
[nasadmin@cel1cs0 nasadmin]$ server_mount server_2 fs1 /mp1
When mounting the filesystem to a Data Mover, the server_mount command is used. By default, the
filesystem is mounted with read/write permissions and is permanently mounted to the Data Mover.
Therefore, if the Data Mover is later rebooted for any reason, the filesystem will still be available
through the Data Mover when the reboot is complete.
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Lesson 1: Exporting a Mounted File System (NFS)
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Understand exporting file systems
Understand export options
The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
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Exporting File Systems
Exporting publishes file systems on the network
ProtocolsNFS (default)
CIFS
To make a Celerra file system available to NFS users, you must export a path to the file system from a
Data Mover using the server_export command. Each time the server_export command is issued, an
entry is added to existing entries in an export table. Entries to the table are permanent and are
automatically re-exported if the system reboots.
Exporting file systems
After creating a mountpoint and mounting a file system, you must export the path to allow NFS and/or
CIFS users to access the system.
Command
Paths are exported from Data Movers using the server_export command. This adds an entry to
the export table. Entries to the table are permanent and are automatically re-exported if the Data
Mover reboots.
Export options
Options used when exporting the file system play an integral part of managing security to the file
system. You can ignore existing options in an export entry by including the -ignore option. This
forces the system to ignore the options in the export table and follow the specific guidelines of that
export.
It is not necessary to export the root of a file system.
It is sometimes advantageous to export a directory on the file system rather than the file system itself.
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Exporting File Systems (NFS) (CLI)
Command
server_export server_2 option
Example
server_export server_2 /mp1
NFS Export Access Modes
To export a file system for NFS access, use the following command:
server_export server_2 option
For example, to export the file system mounted to /mp1 on server_2:
server_export server_2 /mp1
Note:
Refer to the Celerra Command Reference manual for the syntax of this command and the options
available.
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Export Options (NFS)
Export options can be assigned to: IP Address IP Subnet Netgroup
Exporting access to an IP subnet
server_export server_2 oaccess=192.168.160.0/255.255.240.0 /mp1
Assigning rootprivilege to another host
server_export server_2 o root=192.168.64.10 /mp1
Exporting using read mostlyserver_export server_2 o anon=guest,rw=sales /mp1
Export security options
The server_export command provides a variety of security options. The various options can be configured
to reference a(n) IP host address, IP subnet, or Netgroup.
Anonymous users
Anonymous users can also be associated with a particular UID. (Celerra will first parse the/.etc/passwd,
/.etc/hosts, /.etc/netgroups files for resolution of host names, UIDs, and netgroups. An NIS server will then be
checked if the Data Mover has been configured to do so with theserver_nis command.)
The anon= option
The anon= option specifies a UID that will be applied to anonymous users. A value of 0 assigns root privilege
to unknown users. Alternatively, an organization can create an account for such purposes, such asguest. The
default is anon=nobody; unknown users will be denied access.
server_export server_2 o anon=guest /mp1
Assigning root privilege
The Celerra Administrator can assign root privilege to a particular entity, such as the networks UNIX
administrator's workstation.
server_export server_2 o root=192.168.64.10 /mp1
Note: Refer to the slide titled Exporting File Systems (NFS) (Celerra Manager) to view the export options
using Celerra Manager.
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Exporting File Systems (NFS) (Celerra Manager)
Right Click NFS Exports > New
This slide shows how to export an NFS file system using Celerra Manager.
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Unexporting File Systems for NFS (CLI)
Example - Permanent unexport (most common)
server_export server_2 u p /mp1
Example - Temporary unexport (for allmountpoints)
server_export ALL u t -all
To unexport a file system permanently:
server_export server_2 unexport permanent /mp1
To temporarily unexport all file systems:
server_export ALL u t all
Note:
Refer to the Celerra Command Reference manual for the syntax of this command and the options
available.
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Unexporting File Systems for NFS (Celerra Manager)
Right Click NFS Exports >Highlight export to delete > Delete
This slide shows how to permanently unexport an NFS file system using Celerra Manager.
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Lesson 2: NFS Mount a File System from a Client
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Mount a file system from an NFS client
The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
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Mounting the File System from Clients (NFS)
NFS mount from client Manual
Automounted
Create a local directory
NFS mount the local directory to the exportedfilesystem
Example
# mkdir /studentX
# mount 192.168.101.20:/mp1 /studentX
Once the file system has been exported from the Celerra, NFS clients will need to NFS mount the file
system. When this has been done, NFS redirects any references to a given local directory, out through
the network, to the file system on the Data Mover. The typical procedure involves the use of a local
directory, whether pre-existing or created specifically for this purpose.
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Nested Mount File System
Unified file system with a single namespace
Combination of several individual Celerra file systems
Resource aggregation for reporting purposesdfserver_dfproperties
Access control by exports (nested exports)
Virtual read-only root file system of type NMFSNo space requiredHigher availabilityNo issues with root freezing
A Nested Mount File System is a collection of individual file systems that can be exported as a single
share or single mount point. Normally, the collection of file systems remain together after creation;
although it is possible to remove an individual file system or to break up the collection entirely.
The space for each Nested Mount File System and each of the component file systems can be
examined using server_df.
The space reported for the NMFS will be the aggregation of the space within each of the component
file systems mounted in it.
The space reported for each component will be the actual space within the component file system.
In some cases, the access control associated with a NMFS root may not be sufficient for the entire
collection of file systems. Thus, NMFS will allow different export controls on each of the component
file systems. Access to each of the file systems may be individually set via the server_export for
the component file systems.
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Example of Nested Mount File System
/fs002
/fs003
/fs004
/Nested_1
Export permissions are set on the NMFS
Component file systems inherit NMFS permissions
Component file system can be assigned individual exportpermissions
- Supersedes the inherited NMFS permissions
Nested Mount File System
Component filesystem
NMFS export
Component export
A component (nested) file system will get its permissions one of two ways:
The user can export the component file system separate from the NMFS file system and give it
permissions at that time.
The user can export just the NMFS file system. The component file systems then inherit the
permissions from the parent (NMFS) file system.
Example:
Set export permission to Nested_1 = r/w
fs002=r/w (inherited)
fs003=r/w (inherited)
fs004=r/w (inherited)
Set export permission to fs002 = r/o
fs002=r/o (component export)
fs003=r/w (inherited)
fs004=r/w (inherited)
Set export permission to fs004 = root=10.0.0.1
fs002=r/o (component export)
fs003=r/w (inherited)
fs004=root=10.0.0.1 (component export)
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Example of Nested Mount File System
Note: nmfs_fs1 will show the total file systemsize of nested file systems
The sum of the size of the four component (nested) file systems is equal to the size of the NMFS file
system (nmfs_fs1).
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Lesson 5: Identifying Users and Groups
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe the order of resolution
Identify users and groups with
Local files
NIS
The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
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Order of Resolution
UserAccess
Is a PWor Group
file onDM?
Is NISconfigured?
Parse filesQuery
NIS
Is the User/Grouplisted?
Anonymousaccessgranted
Accessgranted
No
UserAccessUser
Access
Is a PWor Group
file onDM?
Is a PWor Groupfile onDM?
Is NISconfigured?
Is NISconfigured?
Parse filesParse filesQuery
NISQueryNIS
Is the User/Grouplisted?
Is the User/Grouplisted?
Anonymousaccessgranted
Anonymousaccessgranted
AccessgrantedAccessgranted
No
Yes
No
Yes
Celerra Data Movers compare users to UIDs and groups to GIDs using traditional passwd and group
files or by querying NIS.
Data movers will check their local /.etc/passwd and /.etc/group files first, and then check with NIS ifthe Data Mover has been configured for NIS.
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Users and Groups with Local Files
Command
# /nas/sbin/server_user -add passwd
Example
# /nas/sbin/server_user server_2 -add -passwd
itechi
Place files on Data Mover
Use server_file command (discussed later)
Adding users
Users can be added to/.etc/passwdon a Data Mover with the server_user command. This command opens to a script
that allows you to create or modify a user account. The server_user command also allows you to add or delete an
optional password to a user account. This command must be run from the/nas/sbin directory as root.
# /nas/sbin/server_user server_2 -add -passwd itechi
Creating new user itechi
User ID: 1007
Group ID: 105
Comment: Ira Techi, IS admin
Home Directory:
Shell:
Changing password for new user itechi
New passwd:
Retype new passwd:
server_2: done
Password and group files
In addition to server_user,passwd and group files can be created manually, or copied from another system, and then
placed into/.etc using the server_file command.
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Users and Groups with NIS (CLI)
To configure a Data Mover to query NIS directly
Commandserver_nis
Example
server_nis server_2 hmarine.com 192.168.64.10,192.168.64.11
NIS
NIS (Network Information Service) is a Network service that converts hostnames to IP addresses or IP
addresses to hostnames. NIS can also be used to store user and group names used in authentication.
Command syntaxserver_nis server_2 ,
,
Example
server_nis server_2 hmarine.com 192.168.64.10
Note: EMC recommends that two NIS servers are configured for each Data Mover for redundancy.
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Users and Groups with NIS (Celerra Manager)
Right click on Network > NIS Settings
This slide shows how to define an NIS server using Celerra Manager.
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Users and Groups with NIS
Place NIS password and group files on Data Mover
passwd & grouppasswd & group
NIS
Copying passwd and group files onto a Data Mover
Alternatively,passwdand group files can be copied from the NIS server using ypcat and then
FTPd to the Data Movers/.etc
directory usingserver_file.
Examples
To copy files from an NIS client, type the following command:
# ypcat passwd >passwd
# ypcat group >group
To copy passwd and group files to Control Station and then FTP these files to the Data Mover, type
the following command:
server_file server_2 -put passwd passwd
server_file server_2 -put group group
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Module Summary
The server_export command, or Celerra Manager is used
to export a mounted file system for client access A Nested Mount File System is a collection of individual
file systems that can be exported as a single share orsingle mount point
Once a file system has been exported from the Celerra,NFS clients need to mount the file system for access
The key points for this module are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.
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