开发人员FHIR教程开发人员FHIR教程FHIR for DevelopersFHIR for Developers
Ewout KramerEwout Kramer2014年5月4日
中文翻译基于Revision 2626 (Jul 10 14:28:31 2014 UTC)
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前言
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
自我介绍自我介绍
姓名: Ewout Kramer公司 F A t d 公司: Furore, Amsterdam
背景:背景 FHIR核心团队, RIMBAA 软件开发人员 & 医疗保健架构设计师 软件开发人员 & 医疗保健架构设计师
联系方式: [email protected] www.thefhirplace.com
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3
请大家自我介绍一下请大家自我介绍一下
关于贵组织机构……HL7 ( 2/ 3) 背景? HL7 (v2/v3) 背景?
您当时是怎么听说FHIR的?当 是 听说 的
平台选择(.NET, Java, Ruby, …)?熟悉HTTP XML JSON REST吗? 熟悉HTTP、XML、JSON、REST吗?
所使用的持久性技术?
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本教程的内容概要本教程的内容概要
解构 FHIR FHIR RESTful 服务接口 FHIR RESTful 服务接口
除了 REST 以外
搜索
线上的FHIR线 的 FHIR on the Wire
适合于开发人员的分发形式 适合于开发人员的分发形式 Distribution for developers
构建 FHIR 服务器
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构建 FHIR 服务器
您是什么样的视角?您是什么样的视角?
v3 App
v2 FHIR
FHIR
Broker
PHRFHIR
Comm.Interface
FHIR DB
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从软件工程的视角审视FHIR数据建模概念
解构FHIRDECONSTRUCTING FHIR
从软件工程的视角审视FHIR数据建模概念
DECONSTRUCTING FHIR
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资源 Resources (回顾!)资源 Resources (回顾!)
“资源” :是逻辑上离散的小型交换单元 是逻辑上离散的小型交换单元
具有定义明确的行为和含义
有 识 具有已知的标识/位置
医疗保健领域所关心的最小交易单元
类似于V2的区段(Segment,段)和V3的公共消息元素类型(CMET)
三个组成部分:分立部分、叙述部分及扩展部分
共计100-150 种资源
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共计 种资源
8
资源结构资源结构
元数据
叙述
资源
元素
扩展 扩展
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组合与引用组合与引用Composition versus reference
FHIR 使组合与引用得以明确:引用位于资源之间 不存在跨越引用的语境传导/传 引用位于资源之间:不存在跨越引用的语境传导/传递——可以作为单独的资源加以安全获取
组合位于特定资源内部 组件资源在相应资源外部 组合位于特定资源内部:组件资源在相应资源外部没有任何含义,没有标识,且除了通过相应资源之外 没有另外的访问途径外,没有另外的访问途径
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资源的组合资源的组合
资源根节点 Resource Root
资源组件 Resource Component
简单或复杂元素(可以重复
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组合 Composition组合 Composition
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全都是关于资源的组合全都是关于资源的组合……
观察结果
http://lab.hospitalA.org/Observation/3ff27
观察结果
诊断报告诊断报告诊断报告患者
组织机构 http://lab.hospitalA.org/DiagRep/444
执业人员http://moh.govt.nz/hpi/Organization/1
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http://moh.govt.nz/hpi/Practitioner/87
诊断报告诊断报告诊断报告
患者患者
执业人员
观察结果
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资源引用资源引用Resource Reference
示例:诊断报告资源DiagnosticReport的组成部分
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资源聚合资源聚合Resource Aggregate
“How do we know where an object made up of other objects begins“How do we know where an object made up of other objects beginsmade up of other objects begins and ends?”made up of other objects begins and ends?”
“In any system with persistent storageof data there must be a scope for a“In any system with persistent storageof data there must be a scope for aof data, there must be a scope for a transaction that changes data and a way of maintaining the consistency of the data”
of data, there must be a scope for a transaction that changes data and a way of maintaining the consistency of the data”
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maintaining the consistency of the datamaintaining the consistency of the data
“业务” 标识符业务 标识符“Business” identifiers
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资源标识资源标识
实际上是一个URL资源类型
http://server.org/fhir/Patient/1
端点 标识符
注释 该URL将解析到特定资源的当前版本注释:该URL将解析到特定资源的当前版本
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资源元数据资源元数据Resource metadata
元数据
Patient
MRN 22234
资源标识http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3Bhtt //fhi hl7 /P ti t/23E455A3B/ hi t /4MRN 22234
“Ewout Kramer”30-11-1972Amsterdam
http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3B/_history/4
最后更新于2013-12-23T23:33:01+01:002013-12-23T23:33:01+01:00
http://hl7.org/fhir/taghttp://example org/fhir/Status#Test
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profilehttp://hl7.org/fhir/Profile/us-core
http://example.org/fhir/Status#Test
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FHIR 元素元素FHIR Elements
元数据 复合型数据类型(H N
经过约束的类型
叙述
(HumanName, Quantity, Period,Address, Identifier )
的类型(Quantity:
Distance, Count, Duration, Money)
采用资源
元素 采用
采用
扩展 扩展原始数据类型(integer boolean 派生型的
采用
(integer, boolean, string, instant) 原始数据类型
(oid, uuid, code, id)
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从底部开始:原始数据类型从底部开始 原始数据类型Start at the bottom: Primitives
boolean xs:boolean Values can be either true or falseinteger xs:int A signed 32-bit integer
decimal xs:decimal A rational number. A true decimal, with i b ilt i i ( J Bi D i l)decimal xs:decimal inbuilt precision (e.g. Java BigDecimal)
base64Binary xs:base64Binary A stream of bytes, base64 encoded
instant xs:dateTimeAn instant in time - known at least to the second and always includes ainstant xs:dateTime second and always includes a timezone.
string xs:string A sequence of Unicode characters. uri xs:anyURI A Uniform Resource Identifier Referenceuri xs:anyURI A Uniform Resource Identifier Reference.
dateunion of xs:date, xs:gYearMonth, xs:gYear
A date, or partial date as used in human communication. No time zone. xs:gYear
dateTime
union of xs:dateTime, xs:date, xs:gYearMonth
A date, date-time or partial date as used in human communication. If hours and minutes are specified a time zone must
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xs:gYearMonth, xs:gYear
minutes are specified, a time zone must be populated.
派生型原始数据类型派生型原始数据类型Derived primitives
采用带有时区的 ISO 日期/时间“1951” “1951 06” 和 “1951 06 04” “1951”、“1951-06” 和 “1951-06-04”
“1951-06-04T10:57:34.0321+01” “1951-06-04T10:57:34.0321Z”
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派生型原始数据类型Derived primitives
基于uri(!): OID 和 UUIDurn:oid:1 2 3 4 5 urn:oid:1.2.3.4.5
urn:uuid:a5afddf4-e880-459b-876e-e4591b0acc11
基于字串符:字 符 代码(字符序列,可含有单个的空格) - “4548-4”、
“active”、“not known” 、
id ([a-z0-9\-\.]{1,36})
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接着往上:复合型数据类型接着往上 复合型数据类型Composite Datatypes
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数据类型数据类型
现在,咱们来看看FHIR技术规范的数据类型“Data Types” :
http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/fhir/datatypes.html
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代码类数据类型代码类数据类型Coded types
Codes are defined in code systems代码是在代码系统之中定义的
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代码是在代码系统之中定义的
代码类数据类型代码类数据类型Coded types
在用于资源当中时,都会包括绑定Bindings一节
绑定规定的是究竟可以使用哪些代码 绑定规定的是究竟可以使用哪些代码
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© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
找些有意思的取值集合看看
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• 关于发布的元数据• 来自一部或多部已有来自 部或多部已有代码系统的概念
• 其他额外的概念其他额外的概念
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30
上一层 资源上一层:资源
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选项属性“Choice”选项属性 Choice
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引用 References引用 References
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快速查看一下扩展快速查看一下扩展
元数据
叙述
资源
元素
扩展扩展
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扩展 Extensions扩展 Extensions
PatientMRN 22234
+ Haircolor BROWNMRN 22234“Ewout Kramer”30‐11‐1972Amsterdam
可以扩展:- 资源
资 之中的
头发颜色:棕色
Organization“ACME H it l”
- 资源之中的元素- FHIR数据类型
“ACME Hospital”National Drive 322Orlando, FL
++ Taxoffice Id NLOB33233
税务局: NLOB33233
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多胎分娩扩展多胎分娩扩展
键标 Key = 正式定义的位置键标 Key = 正式定义的位置
值取值 Value = 符合定义的取值
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复杂的扩展复杂的扩展
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37
快速查看一下叙述部分快速查看一下叙述部分
元数据
叙述
资源
元素
扩展扩展
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叙述 Narrative叙述 Narrative
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FHIR 如何利用 RESTful 原理来进行资源的通讯传输
REST 服务接口REST SERVICE INTERFACE
FHIR 如何利用 RESTful 原理来进行资源的通讯传输
REST SERVICE INTERFACE
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范式 Paradigms范式 Paradigms
FHIR 支持 4 种互操作性范式
REST 消息
文档 服务
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REST?REST?
“REpresentational State Transfer”表达状态传输 表达状态传输
将您的数据表示为“资源”
让“资源”URI 便于寻址
利用HTTP 来进行 CRUD 操作 利用HTTP 来进行 CRUD 操作
可以利用不同的表达方法来交换资源
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可能是分布式的可能是分布式的…
FHIR server @ lab.hospitalA.orgDiagnosticReport/4445 Observation/3ff27
FHIR server @ pat.registry.org
Patient/223
诊断报告
g p
观察结果
/
患者
Patient/223
主体对象
h i lFHIR server @ hospitalA.org
执业人员
Practitioner/87组织机构
Organization/1
执业人员组织机构
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http://fhirblog.com/2014/01/24/modelling-encounters-with-fhir/
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医疗保健服务的“存储库”模型医疗保健服务的 存储库 模型“Repository” model of healthcare
实验室信息系统医院信息系统
创建查询创建创建
查询 订阅创建更新
查询创建更新
创建更新
查询 订阅
Patient ObservationPatient患者 Observation
观察结果
诊断报告诊断报告诊断报告组织机构
FHIR 服务器
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快捷的获取操作GET快捷的获取操作GET
GET /fhir/Patient/1 HTTP/1.1 HTTP 动词 + 路径
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent‐Type: application/xml+fhir;charset=utf‐8Content‐Length: 787gContent‐Location:
http://fhir.furore.com/fhir/Patient/1/_history/1Last Modified: Tue 29 May 2012 23:45:32 GMTLast‐Modified: Tue, 29 May 2012 23:45:32 GMT
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Patient xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"><identifier><label>SSN</label><identifier><system>
UTF-8编码型
<Patient xmlns http://hl7.org/fhir ><identifier><label>SSN</label><identifier><system>http://hl7.org/fhir/sid/usssn</system><id>444222222</id></identifier></identifier><name><use>official</use><family>Everywoman</family><given>Eve</given></name><telecom><system>phone</system><value>555-555 2003</value><use>work</use></telecom><gender><system>http://hl7.org/fhir/sid/v2-0001</system><code>F</code></gender><birthDate>1973-05-31</birthDate><address><use>home</use><line>2222 Home Street</line></address><text><status>generated</status><div l "htt // 3 /1999/ ht l" E E SSN 444222222 /di /t t /P ti t
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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Everywoman, Eve. SSN:444222222</div></text></Patient>看到这个 BOM(字节顺序标记)了吗?
资源的 REST 标识资源的 REST 标识
实际上是一个URL资源类型
http://server.org/fhir/Patient/1
端点 标识符
注释 该URL将解析到特定资源的当前版本注释:该URL将解析到特定资源的当前版本
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还记得资源元数据吗?还记得资源元数据吗Resource metadata
元数据
Patient
MRN 22234
资源标识http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3Bhtt //fhi hl7 /P ti t/23E455A3B/ hi t /4MRN 22234
“Ewout Kramer”30-11-1972Amsterdam
http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3B/_history/4
最后更新于2013-12-23T23:33:01+01:002013-12-23T23:33:01+01:00
http://hl7.org/fhir/taghttp://example org/fhir/Status#Test
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profilehttp://hl7.org/fhir/Profile/us-core
http://example.org/fhir/Status#Test
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标签元数据标签元数据Tag metadata
GET /fhir/Patient/1 HTTP/1.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent‐Location: http://sever.om/fhir/Patient/1/_history/12Last‐Modified: Tue 29 May 2012 23:45:32 GMTLast‐Modified: Tue, 29 May 2012 23:45:32 GMTCategory: http://example.org/fhir/Status#Test; scheme=" http://hl7.org/fhir/tag"; label="Our test tag"
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag 通用标签
概貌标签:关于当前资源符合其术语特http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profile 概貌标签:关于当前资源符合其术语特征属性term之中所标识概貌的声明
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/security 安全性标签
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将(元)数据映射到HTTP将(元)数据映射到Mapping (meta)data to HTTP
Resource data http body Resource data Resource id
http body Url
Resource version Last update date
Content-Location header Last-Modified header
Tags Category header
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再来看一下标头再来看 下标头One more look at the header
GET /fhir/Patient/1 HTTP/1.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent‐Type: application/xml+fhir;charset=utf‐8Content‐Length: 787g
Content‐Location: http://fhir.furore.com/fhir/Patient/1/_history/12Last‐Modified: Tue, 29 May 2012 23:45:32 GMT
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51
对于某个具体的版本对于某个具体的版本……
我们还备有版本专用 URL
基础路径
http://server.org/fhir/ (接下一行)资源类型
Patient/1/_history/4
版本标识符标识符 版本标识符
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对于多版本的支持对于多版本的支持
33, v12 – 2012-12-04
33, v13 – 2012-12-05
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/12
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/13
33, v14 – 2012-12-08
33, v15 – 2012-12-09
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/14
/server org/fhir/Patient/33/ history/15/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/15
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33
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REST “表达方法”REST 表达方法
GET /fhir/Patient/1?_format=json HTTP/1.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent‐Type: application/json+fhir;charset=utf‐8C t t L th 787Content‐Length: 787
GET /fhir/Patient/1 HTTP/1.1
接受:application/json+fhir
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent‐Type: application/json+fhir;charset=utf‐8
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yp pp jContent‐Length: 787
疑问疑问
我真的不得不实施版本支持吗?
不需要,并不要求您保留历史,因而,针对任何要求既不需要,并不要求您保留历史,因而,针对任何要求既
往版本而不是当前版本的请求的读取版本操作“vread”,都可以返回410错误(不存在)
我真的需要支持此前的那些XML东西吗?
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符合性符合性Conformance
• 哪个版本的FHIR?• 有哪些资源?• 有什么样的搜索操作?• 有什么样的格式?
这是不是测试服务器• 这是不是测试服务器?
• 我能联系谁?软件的名称是什么?• 软件的名称是什么?
• 您是否支持历史功能?• 您是否支持XML/JSON?• 您是否支持XML/JSON?
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http://www.hl7.org/fhir/conformance.htm
FHIR技术规范中的RESTFHIR技术规范中的REST
咱们先看看FHIR技术规范当中的那些操作……那些操作
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与动词的映射关系与动词的映射关系Mapping to verbs
创建 create 2.1.10 创建交互create 将在服务器所指定的某个位置上创建一个新的资源。它是利用如下所示的HTTP POST操作来完成的:作来完成的:
POST [service‐url]/[resourcetype] (?_format=mimeType)
读取 read 2.1.6 读取交互read将访问特定资源的现行内容。它是利用如下所示的HTTP GET操作来完成的:读取交 将访问特定资源的现行内容 是利用如下所示的 操作来完成的
GET [service‐url]/[resourcetype]/{id} (?_format=mimeType)
更新 update 2.1.8 交互update将为某个已有资源创建一个新的现行版本,或者如果所指定id的资源尚不存在,则创建一个p新的资源。它是利用如下所示的HTTP PUT操作来完成的:
PUT [service‐url]/[resourcetype]/{id} (?_format=mimeType)
删除 delete 2.1.9 交互read将删除某个已有的资源。它是利用如下所示的HTTP DELETE操作来完成的:
DELETE [service‐url]/[resourcetype]/{id}
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创建资源创建资源
可将相应的内容POST到某个表示相应资源类型的URL型的URL: 比如,http://server.org/fhir/Patient
在内容类型标头Content-Type当中提供正文body的格式y
服务器返回代码为 201 (已创建).并在位置标头L ti 之中仅仅返回所新指 并在位置标头Location 之中仅仅返回所新指定的版本标识符URL
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更新资源更新资源
对相应资源的URL运用PUT操作,并在正文body中带上新的内容body中带上新的内容
在内容类型标头Content-Type中告诉服务器其正文body的格式(xml/json)
服务器将在内容位置标头Content-Location之 服务器将在内容位置标头Content Location之中返回代码200及新版本的URL
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利用PUT创建资源利用PUT创建资源
服务器可能允许/不允许PUT 到一个尚不存在的标识符id的标识符id
若其允许:服务器将返回代码201,并在该位置上创建相应的资源 这样,就是由客户端来确定资源的标识符id!样,就是由客户端 确定资源的标识符
若不允许:服务器则返回代码405 (方法未经允许的)允许的)
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版本知晓型更新版本知晓型更新Version-aware updates
服务器需要客户端发送带有版本专用URL的内容位置标头Content Location内容位置标头Content-Location
服务器将利用该信息来检查您是不是要更新最新的版本
如果同时别人已经进行了更新 服务器将返 如果同时别人已经进行了更新,服务器将返回代码409 (冲突)
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何谓“已删除的”资源何谓 已删除的 资源What’s a ‘deleted’ Resource?
尝试读取操作时,将返回错误代码410 (不复存在) 而不是404 (未找到)存在),而不是404 (未找到)
搜索操作将不会返回这种资源
可以采用新的内容进行更新,来“恢复删除”
仅仅是资源历史当中的一个“标记”而已 仅仅是资源历史当中的一个 标记 而已
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版本历史 – 删除版本历史 删除Version history - deletions
33, v12 – 2012-12-04
33, v13 – 2012-12-05
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/12
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/13
33, v14 – 2012-12-08/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/14
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/1533, v15 – 2012-12-09
33, v16 – 2012-12-10
DELETION
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/16
DELETION
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33
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版本历史 – 复活/恢复删除版本历史 复活/恢复删除Version history - revival
33, v13 – 2012-12-05
33, v14 – 2012-12-08/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/14
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/13
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/1533, v15 – 2012-12-09
33, v16 – 2012-12-10/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/16
33, v17 – 2012-12-11/server.org/fhir/Patient/33/_history/17
/server.org/fhir/Patient/33
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在所提供的参考实施项目里,究竟是如何把资源变为类的
程序代码之中的资源RESOURCES IN CODE
在所提供的参考实施项目里,究竟是如何把资源变为类的
RESOURCES IN CODE
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参考实施项目参考实施项目Reference implementations
- 内容模型:利用FHIR技术规范生成类- 模型:利用FHIR技术规范生成类
- 解析器:利用FHIR技术规范生成解析器
串行化程序:利用FHIR技术规范生成串行化程序- 串行化程序:利用FHIR技术规范生成串行化程序
- FhirClient:FHIR客户端
- 验证:当前仅有Java- 验证:当前仅有Java
Java:下载页面上一应俱全- Java:下载页面上 应俱全
- .NET:NuGet “FHIR”,或者 GitHub “fhir-net-api”
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对象模型对象模型[FhirResource("DiagnosticReport")]public partial class DiagnosticReport : Resource{
public Code<ObservationStatus> Status {…}
bli I t t I d { }public Instant Issued {…}
public ResourceReference Subject {…}
public ResourceReference Performer {…}
public Identifier ReportId { }public Identifier ReportId {… }
publicList<DiagnosticReportRequestDetailComponent>List<DiagnosticReportRequestDetailComponent>
RequestDetail { …}
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68
利用C#进行解析/串行化利用C#进行解析/串行化
// Create a file‐based reader for XmlXmlReader xr = XmlReader.Create(
new StreamReader(@"publish\observation example xml"));new StreamReader(@ publish\observation‐example.xml ));
// Parse the Observation from the streamar obs (Obser ation)FhirParser ParseReso rce( r);var obs = (Observation)FhirParser.ParseResource(xr);
// Modify some fields of the observationb St t Ob ti Ob ti St t A d dobs.Status = Observation.ObservationStatus.Amended;obs.Value = new Quantity() { Value = 40, Units = "g" };
i i i i// Serialize the in‐memory observation to Jsonvar jsonText = FhirSerializer.SerializeResourceToJson(obs);
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利用Java进行解析/串行化利用Java进行解析/串行化
XmlParser xml = new XmlParser();
Observation obs = (Observation)xml parse(newObservation obs = (Observation)xml.parse(newFileInputStream(“observation.xml"));
obs.setStatusSimple(ObservationStatus.amended);obs.setStatusSimple(ObservationStatus.amended);
Quantity newValue = new Quantity();newValue.setValueSimple(new BigDecimal(40)); p ( g ( ));newValue.setUnitsSimple("g");obs.setValue( newValue );
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();JsonComposer comp = new JsonComposer();comp.compose(bos, obs, true);
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
String json = bos.toString("UTF8");
C#中利用FHIR客户端C#中利用FHIR客户端
var client = new FhirClient( new Uri("http://fhir.com/svc/fhir"));new Uri( http://fhir.com/svc/fhir ));
var patEntry = client.Read<Patient>("1");var pat = patEntry.Resource;var restId = patEntry.Id;var tags patEntry Tags;var tags = patEntry.Tags;
pat.Name.Add(HumanName.ForFamily("Kramer")pat.Name.Add(HumanName.ForFamily( Kramer ).WithGiven("Ewout"));
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
client.Update<Patient>(patEntry);
Java中利用FHIR客户端Java中利用FHIR客户端
FHIRClient client = new FHIRSimpleClient();client.initialize("http://spark.furore.com/fhir");( p p );
AtomEntry<Patient> pe = client.read(Patient.class, "1");P ti t tR ()Patient p = pe.getResource();
HumanName hn = new HumanName();HumanName hn = new HumanName();hn.getFamily().add(Factory.newString_("Kramer"));hn.getGiven().add(Factory.newString_("Ewout"));g () ( y g_( ))p.getName().add(hn);
li t d t (P ti t l "1")
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
client.update(Patient.class, p, "1");
FHIR 如何利用 Atom 来进行资源集合的通讯传输
捆束 BUNDLESFHIR 如何利用 Atom 来进行资源集合的通讯传输
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列表的通讯传输列表的通讯传输Communicating lists
我们需要对资源列表进行通讯传输搜索结果 搜索结果
历史
文 或消息 文档或消息
多资源插入(“批处理”)
因此,我们需要一项用来表示列表的行业标准,以及一个用来放置元数据的地方准,以及 个用来放置元数据的地方
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捆束 Bundle资源 Resource捆束 Bundle资源 Resource
元数据元数据
叙述资源资源
元素
捆束 Bundle 资源
扩展扩展
资源
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
捆束 Bundles捆束 Bundles
Atom RFC 4287 + Tombstones RFC 6721
基于Poll的协议:用于随时跟踪最新的新闻来的 议 随 跟踪 新的新闻源 (RSS 和 Atom)
您可以通过“订阅”某个FHIR feed,来获得更新
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电子邮件之中新的检验报告电子邮件之中新的检验报告
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77
捆束示例捆束示例Example Bundle
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资源元数据资源元数据Resource metadata
元数据
Patient
MRN 22234
资源标识http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3Bhtt //fhi hl7 /P ti t/23E455A3B/ hi t /4MRN 22234
“Ewout Kramer”30-11-1972Amsterdam
http://fhir.hl7.org/Patient/23E455A3B/_history/4
最后更新于2013-12-23T23:33:01+01:002013-12-23T23:33:01+01:00
http://hl7.org/fhir/taghttp://example org/fhir/Status#Test
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profilehttp://hl7.org/fhir/Profile/us-core
http://example.org/fhir/Status#Test
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资源条目资源条目Resource Entry
资源标识符
最后修改日期/时间最后修改日期/时间
标签
版本专用标识符
资源内容
人工可读形式
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人工可读形式,正如资源文本元素Resource.text
Multiple versions of entriesMultiple versions of entries
Id相同!
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Atom Tombstones – 删除to o bsto es 删除Atom Tombstones - Deletions
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JSON格式的AtomJSON格式的Atom
目前,还没有采用JSON呈现Atom的方法,尽管现在有很多倡议 但全都不好看/ ugly尽管现在有很多倡议,但全都不好看/ ugly
因此,我们不得不自力更生(抱歉)…… ……非常简单明了,且用途单一的
Atom JSON 解决方案 Atom JSON 解决方案
(注:MIME 类型目前仍是application/json!)
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Json Atom 示例Json Atom – 示例
{"title": "Search result","updated": "2012-09-20T12:04:45Z",p ,"id": "urn:uuid:50ea3e5e-b6a7-4f55-956c-caef491bbc08","link": [ { "rel": "self", "href": "http://server.org/fhir/Patient?format=json" } ],"entry": [
{ "title": "Resource of type Patient, with id = 1 and version = 1","link": [ { "rel": "self", "href": "http://server.org/fhir/Patient/1/_history/1" } ],"id": "http://fhir.furore.com/fhir/Patient/1","updated": "2012 05 29T23:45:32Z"updated : 2012-05-29T23:45:32Z ,"published": "2012-09-20T12:04:47Z","author": [ { "name": "Grahame Grieve / HL7 publishing committee" } ],"content":
{ "Patient": { } }}
]
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}
捆束 Bundles捆束 Bundles
对于Java和C#,参考实施项目备有自制的Atom解析器Atom解析器
对于.NET,您可以采用该框架的SyndicationFeed 层次有点低层次有点低
不支持已删除条目(甚至存在解析问题)
不兼容 WinRT (Win8 移动应用) 不兼容 WinRT (Win8 移动应用)
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C# 之中的捆束之中的捆束Bundles in C#
位于 Atom 解析器上面的抽象
B dl f d B dl E t t Bundle = feed, BundleEntry = entry.Bundle result = new Bundle() { Title = "Demo bundle" };Bundle result new Bundle() { Title Demo bundle };
result.Entries.Add(new ResourceEntry<Patient>() { L tU d t d D t Ti Off t N C t t P ti t() }){ LastUpdated=DateTimeOffset.Now, Content = new Patient() });
result.Entries.Add(new DeletedEntry() { Id = new Uri("http://..."), When = DateTime.Now });
var bundleXml = FhirSerializer.SerializeBundleToXml(result);
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Java之中的捆束之中的捆束Bundles in Javat d f d t d()AtomFeed feed = new AtomFeed();
feed.setTitle("Demo bundle");
AtomEntr pat ne AtomEntr ();AtomEntry pat = new AtomEntry();pat.setUpdated(Calendar.getInstance());pat.setResource(new Patient());feed getEntryList() add(pat);feed.getEntryList().add(pat);
AtomEntry del = new AtomEntry();del setUpdated(Calendar getInstance());del.setUpdated(Calendar.getInstance());del.setDeleted(true); del.setId("http://nu.nl/fhir");feed.getEntryList().add(del);
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();AtomComposer comp = new AtomComposer();comp.compose(bos, feed, true);
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p p ( , , );String xml = bos.toString("UTF8");
示例:保持同步示例:保持同步
服务器上所有资源的历史 http://server org/fhir/ history http://server.org/fhir/_history
服务器上所有患者资源的历史 htt // /fhi /P ti t/ hi t http://server.org/fhir/Patient/_history
服务器上特定患者资源的历史// / / / / http://server.org/fhir/Patient/1/_history
由所有变更组成的历史:更新和删除 且按 由所有变更组成的历史:更新和删除,且按最新者优先来排序
采用 i 和 t 进行限制
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采用_since 和_count 进行限制
最后,还有一种 REST操作 (目前):
搜索功能SEARCH FUNCTIONALITY
最后,还有 种 REST操作 (目前):
SEARCH FUNCTIONALITY
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获取“所有的”患者获取 所有的 患者Getting “all” patients
http://server.org/fhir/Patient
始终返回的是一个经过分页的 feed
Use _count 用于表示每页结果的数量
“真实”搜索操作的特例:
http://server.org/fhir/Patient/_search?name=evehttp://server.org/fhir/Patient?name=eve
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搜索患者资源搜索患者资源Search (patient)每种资源都有 套“标准的”搜索操作每种资源都有一套“标准的”搜索操作,因此,并不是对每个元素都能够进行搜索!
刚才我们最后刚才我们最后一次搜索使用的是这个参数
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多项参数的组合使用多项参数的组合使用
指定多项参数时,将查找的是符合所有参数的那些资源 “AND”的那些资源 AND
每项参数可以列出多个取值 “OR” http://server.org/fhir
/Patient/search?/Patient/search?birthdate=1972-11-30
&language NL FR&language=NL,FR
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搜索患者资源搜索患者资源Search (patient)
每项搜索参数都具有一种类型 ‘type’
参数类型
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参数类型
好吧,那我到底是找到没?好吧,那我到底是找到没Ok I get it…or not?
http://server.org/fhir/Patient/ 406 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient?gender=M 234 条符合p // g/ / g 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient?gender=F 167 条符合
401Total: 234 + 167 = 401
http://server org/fhir/Patient/ 406 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient/ 406 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient?gender=M 234 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient?gender=F 167 条符合http://server org/fhir/Patient?gender:missing=true 5 条符合http://server.org/fhir/Patient?gender:missing=true 5 条符合
Total: 234 + 167 + 5 = 406
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链式搜索链式搜索Chained searches
患者资源有一个针对姓名“name”的搜索
P ti t h h f “ ” Patient has a search for “name”. 观察资源有一个针对主体对象 “subject” 观察资源 个 对 对象 j
(Patient、Group 或Device的id)的搜索
那么 在搜索患者姓名的同时 又如何找出 那么,在搜索患者姓名的同时,又如何找出该患者的那些观察结果呢?
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二合一式查询合 式查询2 queries in 1
作为客户端,您不必分别单独进行操作,一次即可完成次即可完成:
http://server.com/fhir/Observation/_search?subject.name=jim
但请注意:这种方法仅对预先定义的搜索参数但请注意:这种方法仅对预先定义的搜索参数有效。只是不能采用资源的任何属性( property )
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( property )
更多的优化更多的优化
如说 我们进行如 搜索 比如说,我们进行如下搜索: http://fhir.com/fhir/Observation?date=2014-01-20p 我们获得: 一个具有 0..* 个观察资源“Observations” 的捆束Bundle
那么,我们通常难道不需要相应的患者信息吗? => 对于每个观察资源的主体对象吗? => 对于每个观察资源的主体对象“subject” ,那就需要进行“N”次查询
捷径 捷径:?_include=Observation.subject
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j将同时返回 Observations + Patients
FHIR 如何支持消息/报文及文档
除了 REST 以外BEYOND REST
FHIR 如何支持消息/报文及文档
BEYOND REST
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范式范式
FHIR 支持 4 种互操作性范式
REST 消息REST 消息
服务文档 服务
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99
无论范式如何无论范式如何内容都是一样的
接收消息之中的检验结果……
FHIR存储库
FHIR 消息FHIR 文档
检验信息系统
国家级交换中心
…将其包装在出院小结文档之中
交换中心
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…将其包装在出院小结文档之中
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文档资源文档资源Document resource
单独一个资源Resource,
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且往往是一张列表资源List
FHIR 文档FHIR 文档
Bernard医生出院摘要 医生执业人员资源Practitioner
患者Mary患者资源Patient
出院摘要组合式文档资源Composition
肾结石情况资源Condition
主诉
生命体征列表资源list
脉搏观察资源Observation
血压
主诉章节section
体格检查
条目
出院药物
列表资源 血压观察资源Observation体格检查
章节section
出院药物列表资源list 双氯芬酸
药物处方MedicationPrescription
坦索罗辛
药物章节section 条目
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坦索罗辛药物处方MedicationPrescription
文档 – 属于捆束文档 属于捆束Documents – are bundles
组合式文书资源Composition
章节章节
<feed><entry>
<Composition />证实人员证实人员元数据元数据
章节章节 </entry><entry>
<Observation />/ t
观察资源Observation</entry><entry>
<Device /></entry>装置资源Device
处方资源P i i
</entry><entry>
<Prescription /></entry>
患者资源Patient
处方资源Prescription </entry><entry>
<Patient /></entry>
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患者资源Patient </entry></feed>
利用标签标记为“文档”利用标签标记为 文档Tag as “Document”
该捆束属于文档资源
Document
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Document
文档的通讯传输文档的通讯传输
您可以把文档“投递(drop)”到:http://server org/fhir/Mailbox http://server.org/fhir/Mailbox
并不表示存储或拆解,只是完整地派送一份文档
当接收此类文档时 服务器可以实施交易伙 当接收此类文档时,服务器可以实施交易伙伴之间所需要/要求的任何具体功能
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文档的通讯传输文档的通讯传输
您可以采用如何方式存储您的文档http://server org/fhir/Document http://server.org/fhir/Document
只是存储,并不表示拆解,文档(及签名)都会保持完整无缺
支持搜索(您可以针对它的消息标头进行搜 支持搜索(您可以针对它的消息标头进行搜索 – 组合式文书资源Composition )
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V3 与 FHIRV3 与 FHIR
CDA -> FHIR文档桥
FHIR
FHIR 文档处理器
FHIRFHIR文档
存储库
FHIRREST
医院信息系统 A
注: 文档属于组合式文书资源compositions注: 文档属于组合式文书资源compositions• 不更新语义• 语境?• 完整性?
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完整性?
消息标头资源消息标头资源MessageHeader Resource
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消息 – 也属于捆束消息 也属于捆束Messages – are bundles
消息资源Message来源地来源地 目的地目的地
<feed><entry>
<MessageHeader />
观察资源
</entry><entry>
<Observation />
事件事件
观察资源 Observation </entry><entry>
<Patient />/ t装置资源 Device </entry>
<entry><Device />
</entry>
患者资源 Patient
</entry></feed>
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利用标签标记为“消息”利用标签标记为 消息Tag as “Message”
该捆束属于该捆束属于消息资源Message
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发送消息发送消息
同样, REST没有必要,但是……存在着 个明确的REST端点 存在着一个明确的REST端点: http://server.org/fhir/Mailbox
并不表示存储。可能会是个路由(router),并转换成v2等等等等转换成v2等等等等
服务器可以依据相应的事件代码来处理它们,并将响应作为另 条消息来返回(同样也是并将响应作为另一条消息来返回(同样也是捆束bundle )
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V2 与 FHIRV2 与 FHIR
V2 -> FHIR桥FHIR
FHIR 消息处理器
FHIRFHIR消息
存储库
FHIRREST
医院信息系统
注 消息属于事件 t注: 消息属于事件eventsREST公开的是某个“存储库”数据模型……
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二进制资源端点进制资源端点Binary Endpoint
http://server.org/fhir/Binary/接受任何种类的内容 接受任何种类的内容
原样存储内容,并同时带有HTTP标头所提供原 存 容,并同 头所提供的内容类型信息
其行为正如普通的资源端点(Resource 其行为正如普通的资源端点(Resource endpoints)(但没有搜索)
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对附件有用对附件有用Useful for Attachments
/Binary/23344
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FHIR 分发形式的内部情况INSIDE THE FHIR DISTRIBUTIONINSIDE THE FHIR DISTRIBUTION
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浏览FHIR站点浏览FHIR站点
REST API数据类型 数据类型
XML 和 JSON 代码/ 术语集
资源列表 资源列表
Stack Overflow 公开可用的测试服务器
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FHIR 分发形式FHIR 分发形式
Implementation->Support->Downloads在实施页面支持栏目的下载项当中提供有在实施页面支持栏目的下载项当中提供有: XSD Schema’s / schematrons
模型 串行 程序 解 Java / C# / Delphi zips (模型、串行化程序、解析器等,包括代码和二进制程序)
全部的 XML + JSON 示例
供离线阅读的技术规范全文( FHIR 随时随地陪伴在您的左右)
注意! .NET 实施项目已迁至GitHub
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分发方:NuGet (.NET) 和 Maven (Java)
在 FHIR SVN 中在 FHIR SVN 中
您只需构建 FHIR (/build)全部的讲义幻灯片(/ t ti ) 全部的讲义幻灯片(/presentations)
发布过程的来源 (/build/tools, 我们采用的是发 过程的 源 ( , 我们采 的是Eclipse + Java 1.6)
FHIR既往版本归档 (/archive) FHIR既往版本归档 (/archive)
您可以仅仅下载 /build 然后运行 publish bat 并等着就是啦
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然后运行 publish.bat 并等着就是啦
FHIR SVNFHIR SVN
“b ild” SVN 树状结构 “f ll” SVN 树状结构 “build” SVN 树状结构, “full” SVN 树状结构 http://gforge.hl7.org/svn/fhir 用户名 ‘anonymous’, 密码空白
注意:必须允许发布程序publisher才能构建C#和D l hi源代码 否则 不会编译!C#和Delphi源代码。否则……不会编译!
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FHIR 的源代码“Source” of FHIR
直接来自位于gforge.hl7.org 的代 存储库
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HL7 SVN “code” 代码存储库
发布过程发布过程
.INI示例
发布工具(org hl7 fhir tools jar)
示例
(org.hl7.fhir.tools.jar)
Java, C#,Delphi
网站 示例 资源UML
eCoreDefinitions.xml验证
Schema’s DictXml 资源概貌
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生成器编写者Generator writers!
有一个C#生成器所采用的文件,名为:eCoreDefinitions xml 该文件之中有来自各eCoreDefinitions.xml 。该文件之中有来自各种定义的所有详细信息
对于每种资源,存在着若干的概貌Profiles, 对于每种资源,存在着若干的概貌Profiles,基本上描述的是那些“未经约束的”资源
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简要介绍一下
概貌与验证PROFILES AND VALIDATION
简要介绍 下
PROFILES AND VALIDATION
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概貌的必要性概貌的必要性The need for Profiles
医疗保健领域有许多不同的语境,但资源却只有那么一套只有那么一套
需要能够依据用途和语境来描述相应的约束
考虑到下列用法: 采用结构化方式编纂 采用结构化方式编纂
在存储库之中发布
作为基础 用于验证、编写代码、报告和生成用户界面 作为基础,用于验证、编写代码、报告和生成用户界面
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基数的约束基数的约束Constraining cardinality
将基数限制为1..2(比如,最多是贵机构的标识符+(比如,最多是贵机构的标识符全国性标识符)1..2
1..1
将姓名元素name限制为仅仅1个 (而不是 0..*)0..0
禁用任何的电子通讯方式元素telecom
注意:在核心定义之中,有的东西为强制型(必填型),无法在概貌中改为可选型
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对值域加以限制对值域加以限制Limit value domains
如果提供deceased, 则必须为dateTime, 而不是boolean
OrganizationNL
对于MaritalStatus,采用全国性的代码
=“true” 采用另一种经过概貌约束的资源(profiled Resource)
固定取值: 只允许“active”
(profiled Resource)
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固定取值 只允许 active 为真的患者Patients
采用标签来标记资源采用标签来标记资源Tagging a Resource
Patient
MRN 22234
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/security“我是VIP身份 – 不能透露我的信息”MRN 22234
“Ewout Kramer”30-11-1972Amsterdam
我是 身份 不能透露我的信息
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag“这是测试数据! 请勿使用!”
http://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profilehttp://hl7.org/fhir/tag/profile“我是挪威概貌之中所定义的一个患者资源Patient – 参见http://hl7.no/Profiles/patient-no”
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验证 Validation验证 Validation
2.1.12 validation验证交互旨在检查是否可将所附加的内容接受为验证交互旨在检查是否可将所附加的内容接受为对于某个已有资源的更新。该交互是利用如下的HTTP POST操作来完成的HTTP POST操作来完成的:
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验证 Validation验证 Validation
当收到一个 XML 资源时1 利用 S h 进行验证 1. 利用 Schema 进行验证
2. 运行 Schematrons 当收到 JSON
1. 解析 JSON解析
2. 串行化为 XML 3 利用 Schema 进行验证 3. 利用 Schema 进行验证
4. 运行 Schematrons目前 有 个适用于J 的验证包
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目前,有一个适用于Java 的验证包
(分布式) 验证( )(Distributed) validation
应用程序服务器
存储和验证全国性验证服务器
概貌 X概貌 X
概貌 Y
概貌 Y
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操作结局资源操作结局资源Operation Outcome
一旦出现问题…… 就会返回操作结局资源OperationOutcome!OperationOutcome!
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FHIR 实践
构建FHIR服务器BUILDING A FHIR SERVER
FHIR 实践
BUILDING A FHIR SERVER
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一些可能的情况一些可能的情况
v3 应用程序
v2 FHIR
FHIR
代理
PHRFHIR
公共接口
FHIR 数据库
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存储库模型存储库模型
HIS LIMS PACS XXX系统 网关
FHIR FHIR FHIRFHIRFHIR
厂商中立型存储库
FHIR FHIR FHIRFHIRFHIR
厂商中立型存储库Vendor Neutral Repository
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服务器概览服务器概览
HTTP / REST 接口 编码/解码、参数验证、参数验证、语法验证按技术规范之中的
描述实施各项服务操作
FHIR服务
操作
索引程序/搜索 存储
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137
从有线格式到存储格式从有线格式到存储格式From wire to store
REST 接口 JSON/XML JSON/XML JSON/XML
FHIR 解析器 FHIR解析器 FHIR解析器
FHIR服务 POCO/POJO POCO/POJO POCO/POJO
存储
O-R 映射 串行化
NoSql
串行化
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存储DBMS
138
NoSql(Xml/Json) DBMS
极其简单地介绍一下JSON极其简单地介绍一下JSON
JSON (“JavaScript Object Notation”): 实质是JavaScript 并不是置标/标记/markup语言!JavaScript,并不是置标/标记/markup语言!
{ “Country" : {
“ " “th N th l d "“name" : “the Netherlands",“population" : 16696000,“popDensity” : 447.9
}}}
var report = eval(“({…})”);alert(report.LabReport.status);
JavaScript 客户端解析起来非常容易。
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p 客户端解析起 非常容易但实际上,采用的却是JSON.parse() ;-)
Xml 不同于 JSONXml 不同于 JSON
XML<XXX xmlns=“urn:foo”>
JSON{ “B”: { “a” : “c” }<XXX xmlns= urn:foo >
<B a=“c” /><C>One</C>
{ B : { a : c },“C”: [ “One”, “Two” ],“D” : “One”,
<C>Two</C><D>One</D>
/
“div” : {“text-before”:“Not ”,
<div>Not <b>so</b>easy</div>
</XXX>
b:“so”,“tekst-after”:“easy”}
}/ }
• 任何保留命名空间?• 如何标识特征属性attributes?
• 如何区分单个元素与某个元素之中的列表?
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• 数据类型之间的差异如何过渡? • 混合型内容(Mixed content)呢?
FHIR之中的XML和JSONFHIR之中的XML和JSON
code.coding is 0..*
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FHIR之中的XML和JSONFHIR之中的XML和JSON
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对二者的处理对二者的处理
您需要利用定义的”元”语言来区分列表/特征属性 lists / attributes性:lists / attributes
Java/C# APIs能够轻松地完成相互转换
数字签名(采用JSON?) 在转换时是个问题存储原始格式存储原始格式
JAXB / XmlSerializer / DataContract 会需要大量的定制/额外的 @ t ti / [ tt ib t ]大量的定制/额外的 @annotation / [attributes]。联系我们!
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面向文档型存储面向文档型存储Document-oriented store
面向文档型存储可以将若干的资源存储为一份“完整的”文档份 完整的 文档
比如,MongoDb 就可以采用JSON存储文档:post = { author: “mike”,
text: “my blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”,“intro”] };
db.posts.save( post );p ( p )
db.posts.find( { author: “mike” } );db.posts.find().sort({date: -1}).limit(10);
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db.posts.find().sort({date: 1}).limit(10);
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无 (sql) 交易无 ( q ) 交易No (sql) transactions
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批处理:需要交易批处理 需要交易Batch: needs transactions
交易transaction 交易
交易交互用于提交所要在服务器上更新、创建或删除的一套资源。该交互允许在单次交易当中更新/创建多个资源。该交互是利用如下的交互允许在单次交易当中更新/创建多个资源。该交互是利用如下的HTTP POST 操作来完成的:
POST [service-url] (?_format=mimeType)
该POST操作所提交的内容是一个资源捆束(resource bundle)
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资源的存储资源的存储
FHIR POCO 模型
Mongo
患者资源 观察资源二进制资源
Atom 条目(所存储的JSON)
Patient ObservationBinary( )
资源
Amazon S3 元数据
二进制资源Binary
原始格式(JSON或XML)
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RDBMS: BLOB + 索引RDBMS: BLOB + 索引
Id ResourceId VersionId LastUpdate Contents1 1 1 2012-12-19 <Patient …>
i2 1 2 2012-12-20 <Patient …>
3 2 1 2012-12-20 <Observation …>
Id Param Value System2 Patient.Name “Ewout”2 Patient.DoB “1972-11-30”
现行和历史分别采用不同的表?
3 Obs.Code “234332” SNOMED
Type VersionIdHighyp gPatient 2
Lab 3
只需索引最新版本!
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施两个实施项目分别采用单独加以维护的搜索索引吗?的搜索索引吗?
是。其原因就是……
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具有可预测性的搜索具有可预测性的搜索Predictable search
每种资源都具有固定的一套搜索参数:
所搜索的所搜索的元素
参数数据类型
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数据类型
参数的数据类型参数的数据类型
integer 搜索参数必须是简单整数
string 搜索参数为简单字符串,如姓名的组成部分。搜索不区分大小写和重音。可能配的只是字符串的开头匹配的只是字符串的开头。
date 搜索的是特定日期的精确匹配记录(参数的形式如1956-05-27T12:34:12+04:00或者更短)
token 搜索参数针对的是代码类元素或标识符。可用于搜索文本、显示名称displayname、代码code和代码/系统code/codesystem (对于代码)以及标记(label)、系统(system )和键值(key )(对于标识符)
reference 资源类型和资源标识符所组成的对子并以“/”分隔。在资源引用解析到指定类型和标识符的时候进行匹配。类型和标识符的时候进行匹配。
注意:您需要对查询字符串进行转义!!
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部分/组合式匹配Partial/combined match
搜索参数描述表明,匹配肯定并非始终都是精确的,且甚至可以组合使用几个元素的内容:
名称/ 类型 描述
个元素的内容:
address : string 任何种类地址/患者资源组成部分之中的地址
family : string 患者姓氏的一部分
given : string 患者名字的一部分
name : string 患者姓氏或名字的一部分name : string 患者姓氏或名字的一部分
phonetic : string 采用某种语音匹配算法时,姓氏或名字的一部分
telecom : string 患者任何种类电子通讯方式详情之中的取值
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准备您自己的数据!准备您自己的数据!
patient/search?name=johan&name=johan&name=grafin&t l 5552004telecom=5552004
“Groom” – 为搜索做准备使…作好准备使…作好准备
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马上就结束啦……
当前教程已接近尾声……马上就结束啦……
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投票计划投票计划
首个试行版标准(DSTU)已完成 FHIR 如今已经发布为DSTU 今 发布为
将为实施人员提供半稳定性的平台,而同时如果实施经验表明的确需要的话,仍允许为规范版而进行非向后兼容性变更
更多的DSTU版本大概每年都会进行修订 引入新的资源 更多的DSTU版本大概每年都会进行修订,引入新的资源
规范版标准的出台大约要3年左右的时间 规范版标准的出台大约要3年左右的时间 在致力于向后兼容性工作之前,我们还需要*很多很多的*实施经验
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
下一步您能做什么下一步您能做什么
阅读FHIR技术规范:http://hl7.org/fhir 试着去实施FHIR吧 试着去实施FHIR吧
来(欧洲?)参加Connectathon连通测试活动
[email protected] #FHIR #FHIR 实施人员频道Skype Channel 阿姆斯特丹举办的FHIR开发者活动日(11月24 – 26日) 阿姆斯特丹举办的FHIR开发者活动日(11月24 – 26日) StackOverflow: hl7 fhir tag
© 2014 HL7 ® International. Licensed under Creative Commons. HL7 & Health Level Seven are registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International. Reg. U.S. TM Office.
国际HL7 FHIR 开发者活动日International HL7 FHIR Developer DaysInternational HL7 FHIR Developer Days
阿姆斯特丹 2014年11月24-26日 教育培训 教育培训
共有14 个培训教程
可供您挑选
Connectathon 与开发者同道会面
参与FHIR测试活动
建立人际网络 随时可以接触/联系到FHIR专家和编制人员
http://fhir furore com/devdayshttp://fhir.furore.com/devdays
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提问环节提问环节
http://hl7.org/fhir
Authored and Presented by Ewout Kramer (2014-05)Translated by Lin Zhang (2014-10-07)
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