February 6, 2013Q2-Pg. Daily Goal: We will be able
differentiate between revolution and rotation, and we will be able
to explain how they affect days, seasons and years. Homework:
Complete your daily Moon Log Science Starter: 1.How many hours are
in a day? 2.What is a time zone? 3.Make a hypothesis about why we
have days and nights.
Slide 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =79M2lSVZiY4
Slide 3
I am from Oregon. I have a lot of friends in California, Oregon
and Colorado. When I call my friends in Oregon and California, they
are 3 hours behind the time in Charlotte. My friends in Colorado
are 2 hours behind the time in Charlotte. My friend in Tanzania,
Africa is 8 hours ahead of the time in Charlotte. Make a
hypothesis. How can it be different times in different places? Make
a hypothesis. How can it be different times in different
places?
Slide 4
Bonus table group points! What time zone are we in right now?
Eastern Standard Time What time zone are Oregon and California in?
Pacific Standard Time Two extra points for this one: What time zone
is Colorado in? Rocky Mountain Time
Slide 5
Draw this diagram in your notes Dont label anything yet!
Slide 6
First, some vocabulary AXIS an imaginary line that passes from
the North Pole to the South Pole of a planet, moon or star ROTATION
the spinning of a planet, moon, sun, or other object around its
axis; the Earth spins from East to West (If you are standing on the
North Pole, it would spin counter clockwise.)
Slide 7
The earth rotates on its axis. Rotates = spins. The earth makes
1 full rotation every 24 hours.
Slide 8
Earth always rotates from west to east.
Slide 9
If I stand here, which way will I turn?
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What about here?
Slide 11
An easy way to remember this: Give your neighbor a thumbs up,
using your right hand. Imagine your thumb is the axis. Your fist is
the Earth. Your fingers point in the direction of Earths rotation
(west to east).
Slide 12
How can you demonstrate rotation? Who will be my lovely
volunteer? Lets all try!
Slide 13
Draw the Earths axis and the direction that it ROTATES
Slide 14
Earths axis Earths rotation
Slide 15
More vocabulary ORBIT the path an object follows as it revolves
around another object. (Think of the electrons orbiting around the
nucleus.) REVOLUTION one orbit of an object in space around another
object in space; making a full circle to get back to the beginning
point The Earth orbits counterclockwise around the Sun.
Slide 16
It takes 365 days (one year) for the Earth to complete one
revolution around the Sun. How long does it take for the Earth to
complete one rotation, again? Think Critically! How many rotations
does the Earth complete in the time it takes to complete one
revolution?
Slide 17
It takes 365 days (one year) for the Earth to complete one
revolution around the Sun. How long does it take for the Earth to
complete one rotation, again? 24 hours! Think Critically! How many
rotations does the Earth complete in the time it takes to complete
one revolution? 24 hours = 1 day, 1 revolution = 365 days 1
revolution = 365 rotations
Slide 18
Is this an example of revolution or rotation?
Slide 19
What about this?
Slide 20
Slide 21
Label Earths ORBIT around the Sun. Earths axis Earths
rotation
Slide 22
Label Earths ORBIT around the Sun. Earths orbit Earths axis
Earths rotation
Slide 23
Label the direction Earth REVOLVES around the Sun. Earths axis
Earths orbit Earths rotation
Slide 24
Label the direction Earth REVOLVES around the Sun. Earths axis
Earths orbit Earths rotation Earths revolution
Slide 25
Make a hypothesis! Which action is responsible for day and
night on Earth? Revolution or rotation?
Slide 26
Good so lets get back to Earths axis. This is what the earths
axis looks like, right?
Slide 27
And the Earth revolves around the sun like this, right?
Slide 28
WRONG!
Slide 29
Earths Axis: Not So Straight! The earths axis is tilted about
23.5 degrees from vertical. 23.5 Axis
Slide 30
So, the earths revolution around the sun looks like this.
Slide 31
Who cares about a tilted axis? He does. So does he. This kid
definitely does.
Slide 32
Why? Those guys like seasons. What causes seasons anyway?
Hmmmhypothesize!
Slide 33
You might say I think the Earth has seasons, because the Earth
is closer to the Sun in the summer than in the winter.
Slide 34
You might say The Earth is closer to the Sun in the summer than
in the winter. But thats not it.
Slide 35
You might say I think the Earth has seasons, because the Earth
is tilted away from the Sun in the winter, so it gets less
sun.
Slide 36
You might say Earth is tilted away from the Sun in the winter,
so it gets less sun. WINTER But thats not quite it.
Slide 37
Big Questions 1.What is responsible for seasons? 2.How and why
are seasons different in other parts of the world?
Slide 38
If the earths axis was straight up and down We would still have
different weather conditions across the face of the Earth, but we
wouldnt have seasons.
Slide 39
If the earths axis was straight up and down Cold Cool Warm Hot
Warm Cool Cold
Slide 40
Notes: Seasons The Northern Hemisphere (the top half) of the
Earth tilts away from the Sun in the winter and towards the Sun in
the summer BUT this does not mean we get less sun in the winter!
What is DOES mean is that the Sun gives off the same amount of
energy, but the tilt of the Earth means that the energy we receive
is spread out over a larger area.
Think/Pair/Share Based on what you just learned about how
seasons work in the Northern Hemisphere, what do you think the
weather is like in July in Australia? Explain why in terms of
Earths tilt.
Slide 43
Australia in July
Slide 44
Australia in December
Slide 45
In the Southern Hemisphere, seasons are opposite of ours
(winter in July) When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted TOWARD the
Sun, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted AWAY)
Slide 46
Practice Determine whether it is colder in January or July in
each of the following places. Circle your answer.
Canada:JanuaryJuly Argentina:JanuaryJuly South Africa:JanuaryJuly
Russia:JanuaryJuly New Zealand:JanuaryJuly Ireland:JanuaryJuly
Greenland:JanuaryJuly Namibia:JanuaryJuly Chile:JanuaryJuly
Ecuador:JanuaryJuly (tricky!)
Slide 47
Slide 48
Practice Determine whether it is colder in January or July in
each of the following places. Circle your answer.
Canada:JanuaryJuly Argentina:JanuaryJuly South Africa:JanuaryJuly
Russia:JanuaryJuly New Zealand:JanuaryJuly Ireland:JanuaryJuly
Greenland:JanuaryJuly Namibia:JanuaryJuly Chile:JanuaryJuly
Ecuador:JanuaryJuly (tricky!) NEITHER!
Slide 49
Near the Equator, there are practically no seasons (same temp.
year round) because the Equator is never really tilted away from
the Sun. Example: In Ecuador, it is the same temperature (fairly
hot) all year round
Slide 50
At the Poles, about half the year is totally dark and half the
year is light all the time AND it is always cold because sunlight
only hits these places at an extreme angle Half the year each Pole
is pointed directly away from the Sun Example: In Antarctica, it is
dark from March August every year and rarely gets above
freezing
Slide 51
January July Where is this place? Which picture shows it tilted
away from the Sun? How do you know?
Slide 52
January July Where is this place? Southern Hemisphere Which
picture shows it tilted away from the Sun? The July picture How do
you know? Its clearly much colder in July, so this place must be in
the Southern Hemisphere, where Earth is pointed away from the Sun
in July
Slide 53
January July Where is this place? Which picture shows it tilted
away from the Sun? How do you know?
Slide 54
January July Where is this place? Near the Equator Which
picture shows it tilted away from the Sun? Neither! How do you
know? The climate looks the same in both of the pictures, so the
seasons dont change much. This means that the pictures were taken
someplace that doesnt really experience the tilting of the
Earth.
Slide 55
If I am standing here, which gravity is pulling me down. Which
way is down? Easy!
Slide 56
What about now? Which way is gravity pulling me if I am
here?
Slide 57
Gravity No matter where you are on Earth, the direction down
will always be toward the Earths center. Which way is down?