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Fabrication of NanobiosensorsTom Fitzgerald, Nathan Howell, Brian Maloney
Oregon State University, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering
Impact of Nanobiosensors
Meet the Team
Fabrication
Characterization Protein Binding
Accomplishments – Carbon Nanotube Growth
OPTIONALLOGO HERE
OPTIONALLOGO HERE
• Over 500,000 people die every year from cancer• Early detection of cancer biomarkers will increase patient survival
rate• Early stage cancer biomarkers are present at 100 fM concentrations• Figure below depicts survival rate according to the years after
diagnosis and stage of cancer
Project Components:• Catalyst deposition and aligned CNT growth• Photolithography• Non-specific protein binding
5 μm
-Growth using thermally evaporated iron catalyst
-Growth using sputtered iron
Basic Protein Detection:• Bind entire nanotube surface
with protein antibodies (green)• Expose nanotube to solution
containing the protein of interest• Protein binding to antibodies
will result in a detectable change of current through the nanotube
Literature Results:• Figure to the right represents
current vs. time for different concentrations of streptavidin• Higher concentrations of
protein resulted in larger current
Future Work
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 650
1
2
3
4
5
Sputter Time (sec)
CN
T Li
near
Den
sity
(C
NT/
µm)
t = 32 s t = 45 s t = 60 s
1 - Start with step cut quartz 2 – Using photolithography, create lines on quartz running perpendicular
to steps
3 – Deposit catalyst on substrate
4 – Wash away photoresist, leaving lines of catalyst
5 – React with carbon gas in furnace to grow nanotubes
6 – Using evaporation, deposit chrome/gold electrodes and contact
pads
7 – Mask nanotubes between electrodes, and O2 plasma etch
excess tubes and any debris
8 - Final Product
Acknowledgements:- Dr. Milo Koretsky -Dr. Joe McGuire- Matt Leyden - Josh Kevek- Landon Prisbey -Shamon Walker- Canan Schuman -Eric Gunderson
Dr. Phil HardingLinus Pauling Chair, Dept. of CBEE
Dr. Ethan MinotProject Sponsor, Dept. of Physics
Brian MaloneyTeam lead
Protein adhesion
Tom Fitzgerald Photolithography
Nathan HowellCharacterization
An atomic force microscope is used to take “pictures’ at the nano-scale
• Continue investigation of catalyst deposition. -Sputter vs. evaporation
• Investigate metal catalyst.-Iron vs copper
• Complete first device before conclusion of project.
Heig
ht (p
m)
5
3
1
1.21.00.60.2
3
2
1
A flow cell is used to flow a small amount of current over the sensor.
An AFM works by tapping a surface and measuring the changes in amplitude.
When sputtering, an ion is propelled toward a metal target. This collision with the target releases metal atoms, which land on the substrate surface.
Aligned CNTs!!
White “specs” are iron catalyst particles
CNTs grown on striped substrate. Short, dense, non-aligned tubes were grown.
0 1 2 3 4 µm
4
3
2
1
0
µm
0 1 2 3 4 5 µm
3210
µm
Cancerresearchuk.org
Objective: Utilize aligned carbon nanotubes to construct a device capable of measuring changes in current while in solution
Why Nano?• Carbon nanotubes are an ideal semiconductor to detect small
changes in current• Surfaces of nanotubes provide a good area for protein adhesion
0 100 200 300 nm
0 100 200 300 nm
0 200 400 600 nm
Comparison of nanotube growth at three different sputter times are shown below with AFM images and nanotube cross sections.
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