Fabric Construction Terms
Straight fabric When the crosswise and lengthwise
threads run at a right angle to each other.
This helps the
clothing or item
made from the
fabric hang
correctly
warp These are the threads that run crosswise of
the fabric.
These are the threads that are attached
to the loom
Weft These are the threads that run lengthwise
of the fabric.
This thread is carried by the shuttle as the
fabric is being woven.
Terms to know Grain - the direction of threads in a
woven fabric in relation to the selvage.
Lengthwise – parallel to the selvedge of
the fabric.
Crosswise – these threads run
perpendicular to the selvedge of the
fabric.
Selvage – the factory
finished edge of the fabric
Bias – runs at a 45 degree
angle to the selvage of the
fabric. Has the most stretch.
Parallel - extending in the same
direction, equidistant at all
points, and never converging
or diverging
Perpendicular - vertical; straight up and
down; upright.
Torn edge – that edge that is torn or
cut when the fabric is measured.
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