Evolution Notes 2010 2
Natural Selection
mechanisms for descent with modifications4 main parts1. Overproduction2. Genetic variation3. Struggle to survive4. Differential reproduction
Why do we have 12 different species of Finches on the Galapagos Is
They are all t
...
They all migr
a...
They have ch
an... N
one
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:101. They are all the same, no change2. They all migrated to the islands3. They have changed over time by
eating different food4. None
Darwin believe that the finches had
same diet
Common ance
sto...
All fro
m Ohio
Born w
ith id
en...
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1. same diet2. Common ancestors3. All from Ohio4. Born with identical beaks
and just changed during their lifetime
Human embryos have all but
Bony tail Fi
ns
Coat of f
ur
Pharyngeal pou...
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:101. Bony tail2. Fins3. Coat of fur4. Pharyngeal pouches
Structures that no longer are needed
Homologo
us
Analogous
Vestigial
Fossi
ls
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1. Homologous2. Analogous3. Vestigial4. Fossils
Has common ancestor but not function
Homologous
Analo
gous
Vesti
gial
Fossi
ls
25% 25%25%25%
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1. Homologous2. Analogous3. Vestigial4. Fossils
Has different ancestors but common function
Homologo
us
Analogo
us
Vesti
gial
Fossi
ls
25% 25%25%25%
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1. Homologous2. Analogous3. Vestigial4. Fossils
Evidence of Evolution
DNA
Fossi
ls
Embryo
s
Anatomy
Biography
All of t
he abo...
None of t
he ab...
14% 14% 14% 14%14%14%14%
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1. DNA2. Fossils3. Embryos4. Anatomy5. Biography6. All of the above7. None of the above
What can be a fossil
Shells
Old bones
Dead org
anisms
Inse
cts in
sap
Animals
in tar
Petrified w
ood
All of t
he abo...
14% 14% 14% 14%14%14%14%
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1. Shells2. Old bones3. Dead organisms4. Insects in sap5. Animals in tar6. Petrified wood7. All of the above
Evolution that takes place over many years
Punctuate
d
Grad
ualism
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1. Punctuated2. Gradualism
Evolution most likely due to a natural disaster
Punctu
ated
Gra
dualism
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1. Punctuated2. Gradualism
What did Darwin Say
Plants ch
anged...
Some sp
ecies c
...
Specie
s change...
Virus a
nd bact...
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1. Plants changed animals didn’t2. Some species changed but didn’t
compete with one another3. Species changed over time by means
of natural selection4. Virus and bacteria never change
Ones fitness is
Org
anisms c
an ...
Org
anisms c
an ...
Org
anisms w
ill...
Org
anism w
ith ...
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1. Organisms can reproduce2. Organisms can adapt to their
environment over night3. Organisms will not reproduce4. Organism with the best traits for that
ecosystem at that time will reproduce
Where did Darwin collect most of his organisms
Ohio
Hawaii
an islan
...
Galapagos i
sla...
Africa
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1. Ohio2. Hawaiian islands3. Galapagos islands4. Africa
Scientist believe the earth is ___ years old
200000
4 milli
on
4 billion
4.5 billion
Don’t k
now
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1. 200,0002. 4 million3. 4 billion4. 4.5 billion5. Don’t know
Organism that have homologous structures we infer
They have sa
me...
DNA se
quence, ..
.
Have
identica
l...
Cant tell a
nyt...
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:101. They have same number of chromosomes
2. DNA sequence, nucleotides may be similar
3. Have identical DNA4. Cant tell anything
T/ F Lamarck was correct in his theory
True
false
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1. True2. false
Lyell collected fossils
True
False
50%50%
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1. True2. False
Natural selection causes
Competition in...
To produce
mor..
.
Chang in th
e a...
All of t
he abo...
Note of t
he ab...
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:101. Competition in species2. To produce more offspring
than can survive3. Chang in the alleles In a
population4. All of the above5. Note of the above
When an organisms becomes better suited for it environment
Accommodati
on
Variation
Adaptation
Selecti
on
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1. Accommodation2. Variation3. Adaptation4. Selection
According to Darwin, Evolution occurs
By chance
Because
of hal...
Because
of nat..
.
rapidly
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:101. By chance2. Because of half-life3. Because of natural selection4. rapidly
Please make your selection...
Choice O
ne
Choice Two
50%50%1. Choice One2. Choice Two
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Please make your selection...
Choice O
ne
Choice Two
50%50%1. Choice One2. Choice Two
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Please make your selection...
Choice O
ne
Choice Two
50%50%1. Choice One2. Choice Two
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