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INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT 01 - 46
History of Internet.
Internet Service Provider
Internet Services Industry
Service Sector
Objectives of Research
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 47 - 49
Methods to be used
3. LITERATURE REVIEW 50 - 69
Data collected
Source wise theory explanation
4. TABULATION AND CLASSIFICATION 70 - 84
Tabulation of findings
Questionnaire wise classification & interpretation
5. IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 85 87
Implication and Suggestions
Limitations of the Project.
6. ANNEXURES 88 - 907. BIBLIOGRAPHY 91
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The objective of the research is to discover answer to the questions
and find out the truth which is hidden and which has not beendiscovered yet.Before studying further we should understand the
meaning of I.S.P. An Internet service provider (ISP, also called
Internet access provider) is a business or organization that offers
users access to the Internet and related services. Many but not all
ISPs are telephone companies. They provide services such as
Internet transit, domain name registration and hosting, dial-up
access, leased line access and colocation.
Generally, an ISP charges a monthly access fee to the consumer.
The consumer then has access to the Internet, although the speed at
which this data is transferred varies widely.Internet connection speed
can generally be divided into two categories: dialup and broadband.
Dialup connections require the use of a phone line, and usually haveconnections of 56Kbs or less. Broadband connections can be either
ISDN, Broadband wireless access, Cable modem, DSL, Fiber Optics,
Satellite orEthernet. Broadband is always on (except ISDN that is a
circuit switching technology), and varies in speed between 64Kb and
20+Mb per second.With the increasing popularity of file sharing and
downloading music and the general demand for faster page loads,
higher bandwidth connections are becoming more popular.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharing7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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In the todays scenario, we all are well aware of various Internet
Service Provider in Market and various services provided by them.
The problem of this project is to study the market strategies of various
Internet Services Provider in Jalandhar. In this study I will take the
Internet services provided by various companies and they are:-
1. V.S.N.L
2. Bharti Airtel Ltd.
3. H.F.C.L. Connect
4. B.S.N.L
OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH
1. To study the market strategies of VIDESH SANCHAR NIGAM
LTD.
2. To study the various services provided to customers by the
company.
3. To study the customer review and their satisfaction level.
4. To understand the various problems faced by customer.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Universe :- The Universe in this problem is the four Internet Service
Providers operating in Jalandhar
Category of Respondents:- The respondents which I will take into
consideration for this study will be the Home Users, Coroporates and
Local SMEs using the services of these ISPs
Sampling Design :- The sampling design for the project will be
Random Sampling Method.
Size of Sample :- For solving the problem of the project I will take
the views of 200 Respondents
Research Approach :- Survey Method
Data Collection Instruments :- The data Collection instrument will
be questionnaires
Source of Data :- Both primary and Secondry data will be the Source
fo this study.
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IMPLICATIONS
Compared to the objectives of the project, the researcher found the
following implications of the project:
Studying the market strategies of various Internet Service Provider
operating in Jalandhar made the researcher to look at various
problem faced by the companies to stand themselves in market. It
has also enabled the researcher to study their market structure
and strategies and how they attract customer with new ideas
The researcher after interacting with users come to know about
the various services which ISPs are providing to their user toretain their user base and it also help the researcher in
determining that how much is customer aware of the services of
his ISP.
Satisfying the customer is one of the major task or goal of every
company so here the researcher has also studied the customer
satisfaction level along with reviews of customer on various
services of their service providers. It concluded that in most of the
case either the customers are fully satisfied or fully dissatisfied
there is no neutral point.
Satisfaction of Customer also deals with satisfying the customer by
eliminating its problem. Here in this research the Researcher had
also tried to study the problem faced by customers and steps
taken by company to solve those problems and even the time
taken by company to solve those problems.
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SUGGESTION
Dedicated retention efforts like telecalling and personal visits to
retain the customer at point itself.
Resolving any query or complaint relating to connectivity, VAS or
anu wrong commitment by the dealer or distributor .
Giving regular schemes and additional facilities to customer to
retain them.
Providing the option for free safe custody of the customers
account for him to remake his mind and convincing him
meanwhile.
Explaining in detail the various plans offered by the company andconvincing and shifting him to a plan that best suits his
requirements.
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INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE RESEARCH
The objective of the research is to discover answer to the questions and
find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered
yet.
Before studying further we should understand the meaning of I.S.P. An
Internet service provider (ISP, also called Internet access provider) is a
business or organization that offers users access to the Internet and
related services. Many but not all ISPs are telephone companies. Theyprovide services such as Internet transit, domain name registration and
hosting, dial-up access, leased line access and colocation.
Generally, an ISP charges a monthly access fee to the consumer. The
consumer then has access to the Internet, although the speed at which
this data is transferred varies widely.Internet connection speed can
generally be divided into two categories: dialup and broadband. Dialup
connections require the use of a phone line, and usually have
connections of 56Kbs or less. Broadband connections can be either
ISDN, Broadband wireless access, Cable modem, DSL, Fiber Optics,
Satellite or Ethernet. Broadband is always on (except ISDN that is a
circuit switching technology), and varies in speed between 64Kb and
20+Mb per second.With the increasing popularity of file sharing anddownloading music and the general demand for faster page loads,
higher bandwidth connections are becoming more popular.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharing7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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HISTORY OF INTERNET
The USSR's launch ofSputnik spurred the U.S. to create the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in February 1958 to
regain a technological lead. DARPA created the Information Processing
Technology Office to further the research of the Semi Automatic Ground
Environment program, which had networked country-wide radar systems
together for the first time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the
IPTO, and saw universal networking as a potential unifying human
revolution. Licklider recruited Lawrence Roberts to head a project toimplement a network, and Roberts based the technology on the work of
Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study for the U.S. Air Force
that recommended packet switching to make a network highly robust
and survivable. After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on
October 29, 1969 on what would be called the ARPANET, the "eve"
network of today's Internet. In December of 1970, Charles A. Petrik
contacted the U.S. Navy and suggested that a special communications
network, which the Department of Defense had built for use in the
possiblitity of a nuclear attack, could also be used during peace time.
Petrik convinced the military to connect the computers of the U.S.
National Laboratories for scientific research purposes, and to allow
these labs to get data to other labs faster, and safer.
The first TCP/IP wide area network was operational by 1 January 1983 ,
when the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF) constructed
a university network backbone that would later become the NSFNet.
(This date is held by some to be technically that of the birth of the
Internet.) It was then followed by the opening of the network to
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USSRhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Processing_Technology_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Processing_Technology_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._C._R._Lickliderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Roberts_(scientist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Baranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCLAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANEThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSFNethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USSRhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Processing_Technology_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Processing_Technology_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._C._R._Lickliderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Roberts_(scientist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Baranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCLAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANEThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSFNet7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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commercial interests in 1985. Important separate networks that offered
gateways into, then later merged into the NSFNet include Usenet, Bitnet
and the various commercial and educational X.25 Compuserve and
JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet), was a large privately-funded
national computer network with free dialup access in cities throughout
the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970's. This network
eventually merged with the others in the 90's as the TCP/IP protocol
became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP to work over these
pre-existing communication networks allowed for a great ease of growth.
Use of Internet as a phrase to describe a single global TCP/IP network
originated around this time.
The network gained a public face in the 1990s. In August 1991 CERN,
which straddles the border between France and Switzerland publicized
the new World Wide Web project, two years afterTim Berners-Lee had
begun creating HTML, HTTP and the first few web pages at CERN. In
1993 the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at theUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign released the Mosaic web
browserversion 1.0, and by late 1994 there was growing public interest
in the previously academic/technical Internet. By 1996 the word
"Internet" was common public currency, but it referred almost entirely to
the World Wide Web.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitnethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuservehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JANEThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telenethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitnethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuservehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JANEThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telenethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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Aside from the complex physical connections that make up its
infrastructure, the Internet is held together by bi- or multi-lateral
commercial contracts (for example peering agreements) and by
technical specifications orprotocols that describe how to exchange data
over the network. Indeed, the Internet is essentially defined by its
interconnections and routing policies.
As of January 2006, over 1 billion people use the Internet according to
Internet World Stats. With the emergence of the internet and recent high
speed connections becoming available to the public, the internet has
altered the way many people work in significant ways. Contrary to the
traditional 9-5 workday where employees commute to and from work,
the internet has allowed greater flexibility both in terms of working hours
and work location. Today, many employees work from home by
"telecommuting".
The internet and the advent ofblogs has given employees a forum from
which to voice their opinions about their jobs, employers and co-
workers, creating a massive amount of information and data on work
that is currently being collected by the Worklifewizard.org project run by
Harvard Law School's Labor & Worklife Program.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering_agreementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_protocolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommutinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blogshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://www.worklifewizard.org/http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/lwphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering_agreementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_protocolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommutinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blogshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://www.worklifewizard.org/http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/lwp7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS
An Internet service provider (ISP, also called Internet access provider or
IAP) is a business or organization that offers users access to the
Internet and related services. Many but not all ISPs are telephone
companies. They provide services such as Internet transit, domain name
registration and hosting, dial-up orDSL access, leased line access and
colocation.
Internet hosting services run servers, provide managed hosting, and
include the Internet connection Generally, an ISP charges a monthly
access fee to the consumer. The consumer then has access to the
Internet, although the speed at which this data is transferred varies
widely.
Internet connection speed can generally be divided into two categories:
dialup and broadband. Dialup connections require the use of a phone
line, and usually have connections of 56 kbit/s or less. Broadband
connections can be either ISDN, Broadband wireless access, Cable
modem, DSL, Fiber Optics, Satellite orEthernet. Broadband is always
on (except ISDN that is a circuit switching technology), and varies in
speed between 64 Kb and 20 Mb per second or more. With the
increasing popularity of file sharing and downloading music and the
general demand for faster page loads, higher bandwidth connections are
becoming more popular.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-uphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_hosting_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_(internet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-uphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leased_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_hosting_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband_wireless_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Subscriber_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Opticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_switchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharing7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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The history of Internet Service Providers is integral to the development
of the formation of the modern internet, as well as the economic impact
it had on the world. Commercial use of the Internet began in the early
1990s, with companies like MindSpring serving limited customers and
connections starting in 1994. Many started out as small companies with
home made software, and server facilities in their garages. Users would
pay around $20 (11.50) to $40 (23) for a dial-up connection.
Connection speeds ranged from 9.6 kbit/s to 14.4 kbit/s, and
connections were unreliable. At the same time, larger companies such
as CompuServe and America Online had their own networks and
proprietary software for connecting - therefore CompuServe and AOL
were separate networks from the Internet, and neither continue to exist.
V.90 was developed in 1998, bringing download speeds up to 56 kbit/s.
Larger companies began to offer Internet services, propelling
acceptance of the Internet through advertising. Internet prices also
began to stabilize. The price for a dialup connection became $19.95 amonth.
By the 2000s, the battle over broadband also began to appear. DSL,
which was over phone lines, was an option for traditional ISPs. Cable
companies also became ISPs by offering cable modem access. During
the late 90s and early 2000s these technologies were in intense
competition. Pricing, technology, and market share drove the Internet
economy. Smaller ISPs however did not have access to the cable
system and DSL was too expensive. Many small ISPs began using
wireless technology to provide broadband access.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MindSpringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-uphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompuServehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_Onlinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V.90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MindSpringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-uphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompuServehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_Onlinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V.90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_technology7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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In 2000, The dot-com bust proved a serious threat to the established
ISPs. Smaller ISPs offering low-cost internet served a major challenge,
as well as an overall slump in the economy. Popularity of the Internet
was still on the rise but the companies providing the services were
finding a hard time breaking even. Many of the small ISPs still
functioned as normal as they operated on revenues and not overinflated
stocks.
As of 2005, the larger ISPs are turning a profit, often through a
combination of wireless, wired and content services, all subscription
based. One major challenge in the near future is that of free wireless
broadband access, possibly provided as a municipality.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-com_busthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Content_services&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-com_busthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Content_services&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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INTERNET SERVICES INDUSTRY
AN OVERVIEW
The state-owned Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL)
launched Internet Services in India in August 1995. For the first
four years , VSNL was the sole provider of Internet Services in
the Country. In November 1998, the Government ended VSNLs
monopoly and allowed provisioning of Internet Services by
Private Operators. The Terms and Conditions of the ISPs
License were unusually liberal with no License Fee and allowed
unlimited number of players. ISPs could set their own tariffs and
even their own International Gateways.
DoT issues three types of licenses Category A for all-India
operations; Category B for metros and state - level circles, and
Category C for medium and small cities (SDCAs). Presently
there are 390 License holders, 64 in Category A and 135& 191
each in Category B and C. About 189 licensees have started
their operations.
The Internet is certainly a major phenomenon in India today.
Everywhere one looks, the signs of its arrival and adoption are
visible. In fact it is being universally recognized that as the
Internet proliferates, so will E-Commerce and E-Governance and
E-Business. It is, therefore, in our National interest to boost the
expansion of Internet Services in the Country. This will also
enable the citizens to avail of the benefits arising out of IT
enabled services.
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INITIATIVES BY THE GOVERNMENT
The New Telecom Policy, 1999 (NTP 99) stipulates targets in
terms of establishing Telecom Network with a view to achieve
tele-density of 7 per 100 by the year 2005 and 15 per 100 by the
year 2010. The NTP 99 also stipulates targets for providing
Internet Access to all District Headquarters by the year 2002. In
addit ion, the Government has initiated various pro-active
measures in the proliferation of the Internet Services in the
Country. Some of the important initiatives are as under :
ISP License is one of the most liberal License, wherein no
License Fee has been levied on the ISPs till 31st October
2003.Thereafter, a token license fee of Rs. One per annum
is payable w.e.f. 1st November 2003.
There is no restriction on the number of Service Providers
in all the three categories i.e. A, B, C. ISPs have been permitted to set up International Gateways
by having business arrangement with Foreign Satellites
Providers and Collaborators.
ISPs have been permitted to provide last mile access using
Radio and Fiber Optics.
ISPs have been permitted to provide ISP Services through
Cable T V Infrastructure / Operators.
The Government has initiated an ambit ious plan to
developed National Internet Backbone (NIB) in the country.
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100% FDI allowed through automatic route to the ISP
(without gateways), 74% in case of ISPs set ting up
International Gateways.
ISP's permitted to set up Submarine Cable Landing
Stations ei ther s ingly or joint ly in col laborat ion with
International Undersea Bandwidth Carriers.
National Long Distance Services opened to private sector
on non-exclusive basis.
International Long Distance Services opened up to private
sector on non-exclusive basis w.e.f. April 1, 2002
Implementation of IT Act, 2000.
Internet Telephony Services opened up to ISPs w.e.f. April
1, 2002.
De-licensing of W-LAN in 2.4 Ghz band using IEEE 802.11b
technology
Reduction of Performance Bank Guarantee by 50% for
Category A & B ISPs and 33% for Category C ISPs.
Since 1995, a number of countries have permitted VOIP as a
technology option to the classical PSTN as well as Internet
Telephony so as to provide a cheaper alternative to classical
PSTN calls. In India, the ISPs were allowed to offer Internet
Telephony Services with effect from April 1, 2002. With the
choice availability of Toll Quality (PSTN) and Non-Toll Quality
options, Internet Telephony has thrown open Long Distance
Telephony to those sections of Society, which could not afford
the same earlier. Further, Internet Telephony is proving to be a
key driver for local entrepreneurs to set up Community
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Information Centers / Cyber-kiosks / Internet Dhabas, etc even
in small towns and vil lages. In fact i t has made distance
learning, Tele-medicine and e-governance etc a reality in Indian
context.
More than 90 ISPs have been granted l icense for offer ing
Internet Telephony Services. There has been a substantial
growth in the Cyber Caf / Cyber Dhabas offer ing Internet
Telephony Services. It is expected that Internet Telephony will
provide f il lip to the demand for network facil it ies including
bandwidth, last mile access and other connectivity resources
and bridging the digital divide within the Countr. However, an
important issue needing immediate attention is tackling the
Internet Telephony Grey Market which is estimated to be about
90 per cent of the total Internet Telephony market in India and
requires concerted efforts by Government and industry. It is
imperative that all leading ISPs including VSNL, BSNL andMTNL join hand to tackle the menace.
Growth Rate
During the first three years of VSNL monopoly, the Internet
subscriber base grew very slowly. By the end of March 1998, it
had barely reached 140,000 subscribers. The end of VSNLsmonopoly changed things dramatically wherein, the entry of
private players, unlimited and open competi tion, and the
lowering of tariffs, among other factors, led to the phenomenal
surge in the subscriber base growth. Between March 99 and
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March 01, the subscriber base grew more than 200 percent per
year, from 280,000 to 3,000,000.
The following Table is indicative of the trends in the Growth of
Internet subscriber base.
Month/ Year Subscriber Base (Millions)
Aug' 950.01
Mar' 96 0.05
Mar' 97 0.09
Mar' 98 0.14
Mar' 99 0.28
Mar' 00 0.90
Mar' 01 3.00
Mar' 02 3.20
Mar' 03 3.60
Sep' 03 3.98
Dec' 03 4.10
While the Government has been propelling India towards the
Information Age and Convergence by announcing enabling
Policies toward development and progress with an ultimate goal
of Internet for All. However, the implementation of some of
these pol ic ies have been beset with various operat ional,
procedural & regulatory issues and supporting legal framework,
which is inhibit ing the reach and benefit of Internet to the
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masses in the Country. The declining growth rate of Internet
Subscriber Base since April 2001 coupled with reduced inflow of
Capita Investment, is indicative of the serious maladies, which
the Internet Industry is facing today.
The growth rate in the subscriber base which was as high as
54% per quarter during the period Apr 99 to Mar 01 is on a
constant decline and was of the order of 3-4 % during the
quarters ending June, Sept & Dec 2001. I t is, therefore,
imperative that we review the Internet Scenario in India and
identify and initiate effective steps to trigger a faster growth.
SERVICE SECTOR
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In economics and marketing, a service is the non-material equivalent of
a good. Service provision has been defined as an economic activity that
does not result in ownership, and this is what differentiates it from
providing physical goods. It is claimed to be a process that creates
benefits by facilitating either a change in customers, a change in their
physical possessions, or a change in their intangible assets.
By supplying some level ofskill, ingenuity, and experience, providers of
a service participate in an economy without the restrictions of carrying
stock (inventory) or the need to concern themselves with bulky raw
materials. On the other hand, their investment in expertise does require
marketing and upgrading in the face of competition which has equally
few physical restrictions.Providers of services make up the Tertiary
sector of industry.
Service sector is a new frontier for marketing strategy. Service sector
continues to be an ever more important part of the gross national
product of developing and developed nations. Health Care, tourism,
recreations, engineering, telecom, internet, education, financial services
etc are vital to health and prosperity of every nation.
Today the time has arrived when any company any sector can get
competitive edge on others by providing uninterrupted services.
Multidimensional development in Information Technology activated and
energized by the developed countries has made ways of sophistication
in almost all areas. The invention and innovation have been paving
avenues for qualitative transformation almost in all areas. This has been
successful in increasing the level of satisfaction of the customers. The
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_(accounting)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_(accounting)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_industry7/30/2019 Evaluations of Marketing Strategies of Various Internet Service Providers
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globalization and liberalization has opened new vitas for development of
services generating organization. The intensity of the competition is
found moving upward. The organizations active in enriching their
strength have been found establishing an edge and compelling the weak
organizations making final good bye.
There for in present scenario companies are striving to make their
services better to retain the customer because selling services is difficult
from selling products.
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FOUR Is RELATED TO SERVICE
MARKETING
INTANGIBILITY
FOUR Is OF
INSEPERABILITY SERVICE INCONSISTANCY
MARKETING
INVENTORY
1. INTANGIBILITY : - Intangibility is an important consideration that
complicates responsibility of marketing manager, especially while
influencing and motivating prospects and customers. The good of
tangible nature can be displayed. The prospects of the buyer can
have a look on them before making any decisions. Selling process
is therefore easy. But services are intangible nature and therefore
decision making process is complicated.
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2. INSEPERABILITY : - This is also a feature which complicated the
task of professional while marketing the services. The
inseparability focuses on the fact that the services are not
separable in nature. Generally the services are created and
supplied simultaneously.
According to Donald Cowell Goods are produced, sold and then
consumed where as services are sold and then produced and
consumed.
3. INCONSISTANCY : - This aspect can infact touch various factors.
Services are not consistent in terms of existence, heterogeneity,
availability. Say goods bought by us remain existent, durables,
continue for a long time period. Non Durables for limited period.
But services are non existent in nature. Similarly services can not
be measured easily. There is an inconsistency. It may depend
upon the mood of service providers.
4. INVENTORY : - Goods can be accumulated and inventory can be
maintained. But its not possible to make inventory of services. It is
these four is that marketing of services is bit difficult. So it
becomes very important for the marketer to overcome these Is.
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EIGHT Ps OF PRODUCT MARKETING
EIGHT Ps
Main 4 Ps Additional
4 Ps
Price Product Place Promotion People Process Product Physical
Evidence
1. PRODUCT :- Here we are considering the services as product
other wise also according to 10 Kohlel Any product can beconsisted of there components i.e. Goods , Services and Idea. A
product should be designed according to market needs.
2. PRICE :- Price is also one of the major factors related to the
marketing of services. The scenario has changed. Market dynamics
is forcing the marketers to design the pricing policy of the
competition
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3. PLACE :- The services or the product marketing has major factors
of availability. To make goods and services freely available so that
they are easily in reach of customer. What kind of distribution
channel is involved in making assuring the availability?
4. PROMOTION :- Companies in service sector use different media for
promotions. Through in products selling also there is different media
of promotion various advertising techniques and sales promotion
campaign are being used. But in service sector customer
involvement and customer relationship management plays a major
role
5. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE :- As now days all the service providers are
opening their offices in all the major cities so that customers can
easily reach of the companies.
6. PEOPLE :- As services are inseparable so satisfaction of the
customer form services also depends upon the people who are
involved in providing the services.
7. PROCESS : - It takes a process to make a plant from a seed. So a
company who is providing services actually involves with the
customers.
8. PRODUCTIVITY :- Productivity in services deals with providing a
huge bunch of services along with retaining the customer for the
future course of action and to generate productivity.
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TRAIS LATEST REGULATION ON ISPS
TRAI released Consultation Paper on "Issues Relating to Transition of
IPv4 to IPv6 in India". As a continuation of its initiative for accelerating the growth of broadband inthe country TRAI have issued a consultation paper to deliberate on various issues relating to transition from IPv4
to IPv6 in the country.
The growing number of Always On Broadband connections will require a large number of IP addresses. It is felt
that the current version of Internet Protocol (IPv4) may not be able to provide requisite address space.
IPv6, which is next generation Internet protocol, has capacity to expand the available address space on the
Internet enormously as well as having the capability to provide better QOS. In addition IPv6 is designed to
promote higher flexibility functionality & enhanced security.
The paper provides the necessary platform for discussing the various related issues like facilitating role of
regulator, policy initiative required, need for national IPv6 test bed, establishing national agency for managing IP
addresses and IPv6 transition strategy for service providers. In addition some of the examples of successful
implementation from other countries have been included. This initiative of TRAI is to complement the efforts of
Department of Information Technology (DIT) towards countrys transition to IPV6.
SOME INTERESTING FINDINGS
BY SURVEY ON INTERNET
Over 78% of the Internet Users are in the age group 18-39
years and 75% of the Internet Users are Males.
The Capital Cities (New Delhi and Other State Capital)
accounts for 79% of Internet Connections of the Country.
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More than 86% of top Corporate Houses have endorsed
that Internet and E-Commerce is an integral part of their
corporate strategic framework.
Over 76 % of the Internet Users use E-mail Services
Over 61% of the Users Access Internet f rom school,
colleges, place of work and Cyber Cafes while 27% access
Internet from homes.
Among the career conscious and educat ion driven middle
class, Internet is seen as critical to success in professional
life.
There are approx 59 mil lion te lephone connections
(including Mobile) and 8.5 million PC base in India.
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WHY MARKETING OF INTERNET IS REQUIRED
1. IMMENSE COMPETITION : -
Now a day there is immense competition in market. For making
any product and services successful good marketing is very much
required. If we consider the internet service sector few no. of
players are there in market.
2. RETAIN AND ATTRACT CUSTOMER :-
In order to retain the old customer base and attract new
customers good marketing is required.
3. TO BOOST CUSTOMERS CONFIDENCE :-
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As specified earlier intangible its very much required to build the
confidence of customer so that he can decide for opting for the
services of a particular internet service player.
4. PRICE WAR :-
As price war cant play a major role in this service sector because
of TRAIs intervention and also its not beneficial for the service
providers. So good marketing can help in getting more and more
customers.
5. QUALITY OF SERVICE :-
To tell the customers about the various options available and
provided by the internet service players its very much required
that proper marketing of internet services should be there.
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INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANIES
VIDESH SANCHAR NIGAM LTD.
The first Submarine Telegraph Cable from U.K. landed in Bombay in
1870, heralding the era of external telecommunications in India.
The Eastern Telegraph Co. (ETC) of 1872 and the Indian
RadioTelegraph Co. (IRT) of 1927 merged to form the Indian Radio and
Cable Communications Co. (IRCC) in 1932. The H.F. Radio telegraph
made its appearance on the scene in 1927, followed by Radio telephony
in 1933. Consequent to India's Independence in 1947, there were
phenomenal developments in her communication system and
technology. The Government of India took over the IRCC, giving birth to
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the Overseas Communications Service (OCS), a Government
Department.
The satellite era dawned in 1970. India also had, by 1982, wideband
submarine telephone cable system and Troposcatter system in the
external telecommunications network.On April 1, 1986, the Videsh
Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) - a wholly Government owned
corporation - was born as successor to OCS.
There were unexpected developments in mobile communications too.
Now it is possible to communicate and do business with people on themove - on land, on the high seas or in the air, even while you are
moving from one place to another. These developments also made
possible safety through communications - during natural calamities like
flood or earthquake or man-made calamities like war, when conventional
systems are thrown out of gear.
Meanwhile, VSNL introduced Internet services in India in the year 1995.
The new era of communications started towards the new millennium. In
February 2002, the Government of India, as per their disinvestments
plan, released 26% of VSNL's equity to a strategic partner.
Consequently, VSNL was taken over under the administrative control of
TATAs. It is under the Management of TATAs - India's best known
industrial house-that VSNL is now charting its future course
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Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL)
VSNL was incorporated on April 1, 1986 under the Indian Companies
Act , 1956 to take over the activities of the erstwhile Overseas
Communication Services (OCS). The company operates a network of
earth stations, switches, submarine cable systems, and value added
service nodes to provide a range of basic and value added services.
VSNL's main gateway centres are located at Mumbai, New-Delhi,
Kolkata and Chennai. The international telecommunication circuits are
derived via Intelsat and Inmarsat satellites and wide band submarine
cable systems e.g. FLAG, SEA-ME-WE-2 and SEA-ME-WE-3.
The company's ADRs are listed on the New York Stock Exchangeand
its shares are listed on major Stock Exchanges in India. The Indian
Government owns approximately 26% equity, M/s Panatone Finvest
Limited as investing vehicle of Tata Group owns 45% equity and the
overseas holding (inclusive of FIIs, ADRs, Foreign Banks) is
approximately 13% as on 31 December 2002, the rest is owned by
Indian institutions and the public.
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VSNL with its dedicated work force of about 2000 employees is
committed to providing efficient and cost effective world class
telecommunications services.
VSNL AND ITS EMPLOYEES
VSNL offers its employees careers and not jobs. The large numbers of
employees with life tenure at VSNL testify to that. The secret to this
loyalty lies in the following:
Performance Based Culture:
VSNL has a strong performance based culture wherein the performance
and potential of the employee determines their sustenance and growth.
Growth:
Due to the scorching pace of growth VSNL provides its achievers a fast
paced growth path. Those who show potential are soon given higher
responsibilities. Employees grow into higher roles within the multiple
business units of VSNL as well as group companies in the telecom
space and outside it.
Competency and skill up gradation:
VSNL believes in upgrading the competency and skill level of the
organization through upgrading the competency and skill levels of its
employees. The two initiatives through which this is sought to be
achieved is
Resource Planning Through which employees are identified
and moved across business units and functions.
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Training - We provide extensive training inputs in technical and
managerial areas. Employees are expected to maintain their
technical excellence and develop managerial skills through the
process of training.
Good HR Practices:
Fair and transparent Performance Evaluations:VSNL has an
online appraisal system based on the Balanced Score Card. The
system is completely transparent and is used to drive performance
through the organization. The system defines expectations from theemployee, monitors his/her performance and finally helps in the
evaluation.
Compensation linked to achievement:At VSNL your compensation
is strongly linked to your performance. All employees have the
opportunity to perform exceptionally and get paid exceptionally
Employees @ VSNL:-
High achievement profile We are looking for employees who
have demonstrated high achievement profile.
Domain expertise Employees need to have in depth knowledge
of their areas of expertise.
Team player VSNL is looking for individuals who contribute
strongly towards team goals and have the interpersonal skills that
help to forge strong relationships within a team.
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Integrity Integrity is a very basic requirement from any
employee in VSNL. The employee has to have the ability to
discern wrong from right and take a stand against it. The employee
has to have the ability to say no to shortcuts which compromise
his/her and/or the companys integrity.
CORPORATE STATEMENT OF VSNL
Corporate Statement
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Enriching life by enabling
reliable and
affordable
communication anytime,
anywhere.
We will strive to be the
preferred partner to our
customers by providing
appropriate and
cost-effective
communication solutions.
Customer
Delight
Excellence
Teamwork
Trust
Competitive
Employer of
Choice
BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF VSNL
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Mr Subodh Bhargava
Designation : Chairman
Address :Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited, Videsh Sanchar Bhavan,
Bangla Sahib Road, New Delhi 110 001
Mr. Srinath Narasimhan
Designation : Executive Director
Address :
Lokmanya Videsh Sanchar Bhavan,
Opp. Kirti College,
Prahadevi.Mumbai - 400 028
Mr Ishaat Hussain
Designation : Director
Address :
Executive Director (Finance)
Tata Sons Limited
Bombay House, 24 Homi Mody Street
Mumbai - 400 001
Mr. Kishor A. Chaukar
Designation : Director
Address :
Managing Director. Tata Industries Limited
Bombay House. 24 Homi Mody Street. Mumbai
Mr. Pankaj Agrawala
Designation : Director
Address :
Electronics Niketan 6,
CGO Complex, Lodhi Road
New Delhi 110 003.
Dr. Mukund Govind Rajan
Designation : Director
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CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF VSNL
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited was incorporated as a limited liability
company under the laws of the Republic of India pursuant to the
provisions of the Companies Act on March 19, 1986 and was, at that
time, wholly owned by the Government of India. On April 1, 1986, the
Company assumed control and management of all of the assets and
employees of the Overseas Communications Service, a department of
the Ministry of Communications of the Government. In 1992 and 1999,as part of its general policy of gradually reducing its holdings in public
sector enterprises, the Government divested a portion of the equity of
the Company to certain funds, banks and financial institutions controlled
by the Government and the general public. In 1997 and 1999, the
Government also sold some of its equity holdings through the issuance
of Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs).
On February 1, 2001, the Government of India announced its intention
to sell from its holding shares equivalent to 25 percent of the outstanding
equity of the Company to a strategic partner through the competitive
bidding route. As per the announcement made on February 5, 2002 by
the Government of India, Panatone Finvest Limited was selected by the
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Government of India as the strategic partner for the sale of 71,250,000
fully paid-up Equity Shares representing 25 percent of the voting capital
of the Company. Subsequently, Panatone Finvest Limited purchased an
additional 20 percent stake through Open/Tender Offer on June 8, 2002,
increasing its stake to approximately 45 percent.
The Company is the provider of public international telecommunication
services in India routing international traffic to and from the domestic
telecommunications network using a combination of satellite and
undersea cable links. The Company also provides national long distance
telecommunications services, leased lines, internet and broadband
services.
Capital Structure as of 31 March 2006
The Company was registered with limited liability on March 19, 1986
under Indian Companies Act, with a Share Capital of Rs.100 Crores
represented by 1,000,000 shares of Rs.1,000 each. There have been no
changes in the amount of the Authorised Share Capital of the Company
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since 1986 till December 2000. However, the structure of the paid-up
capital changed through various restructuring processes which included
bonus issues in 1992 & 2000 and a GDR issue in 1997 resulting in the
increase of Authorised Share Capital to Rs.300 Crores and Paid-Up
Capital of Rs.285 Crores.
Of this, as of 31 March 2006 the Panatone Finvest Limited (alongwith
other Tata Group companies) holds approximately 45%, Government of
India holds 26.12% and the rest of the share capital is held by Foreign
Institutional Investors, financial institutions, banks, depositary for
American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and public. The equity shares of
the Company are listed at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai and the
National Stock Exchange and its ADRs are listed on US market at the
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE (NYSE). The listing on NYSE was
done through the conversion of the underlying GDRs to ADRs. At
present each ADR is equivalent to two equity shares.
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SOME OF THE MILESTONE OF THE COMPANY
2006 VSNL completes acquisition ofTeleglobe
2005 VSNL chosen Network Administrator of global consortium cable system SEA-
ME-WE4 First for an Indian company
2005 VSNL completes 5 Years of listing at the NYSE
2005 VSNL Acquires Tyco Global Network Becomes one of the worlds largest
submarine cable system.
2004 VSNL Completes First Indian-Owned Undersea Fiber-Optic Cable
2004 VSNL signs landmark deal with Bharti for 100,000 fibre kms National Long
Distance Backbone
2004 VSNL First Telecom Service Provider To Achieve TL 9000 Certification Globally
2004 VSNL Acquires Assets of DishnetDSL
2004 VSNL America Inc., wholly owned subsidiary of VSNL awarded International
Section 214 authorisation in the United States, to operate in the United States
as an international-facilities-based and resale carrier.
2004 VSNL Singapore Pte Ltd formed to function as holding company for overseas
business of VSNL Group and Head Quarter for VSNL International.
2003 VSNL Floats Subsidiary, VSNL America Inc In the United States
2003 VSNL Receives License To Offer ILD Services In Sri Lanka2003 VSNL presents TATA INDICOM, a new brand for Telecom Services
2002 Unveiling of SAT-3/WASC/SAFE submarine cable station in Kochi.
2002 VSNL becomes a TATA Group Company. TATA stake at 45%
2002 GOI disinvestment through Strategic Sale (25%) and Employee Stock Option
(1.97%).
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HFCL CONNECT
HFCL Infotel Ltd., the first basic telephony services provider for Punjab
launched its operations on 16th October, 2000. Today CONNECT has added a
milestone to the rich economy of Punjab by providing world-class telephony and
data services in the state.
CONNECT is a business venture of Himachal Futuristic
Communications Ltd., India's leading telecommunications giant.
CONNECT is further supported by the expertise of Lucent Technologies
USA, IIT Chennai, Compaq, Cisco, CGI, Bell Nexxia and Cincom.Lucent is a Fortune 40 company and the world leader in design,
development and manufacture of communication systems.
With an investment of over Rs.1200 Crores HFCL Infotel, has set up a
state-of-the-art network in over 66 towns and cities in Punjab. The
average revenue per line (ARPL) for CONNECT subscribers is already
amongst the highest in the country. With a clear focus on acquiring
quality subscribers through targeted roll out and by using revenue
oriented marketing plans we intend to maintain this trend in the future.
The wide array of innovative products and services in the data and
broadband segment has further allowed the Company to maximize it's
revenue drive.
The service encompasses voice, data and video, via single connectivity,
as also mobile telephony based on CDMA technology, to customers.
CONNECT was the first operator in the country to provide a CDMA
based pre-paid mobile service. Besides telephony and Internet access
CONNECT services include an array of broadband, enhanced and data
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services like Internet Leased Lines, ISDN, VPN, Centrex, Web Hosting,
DSL and server Co-location. Customised solutions specifically for
corporate customers are devised and provisioned. Services like Video
Conference, Audio Conference, Phone to mail and VMS form an
important part of the CONNECT portfolio.
Exclusive world-class showrooms to provide high quality customer care
to CONNECT subscribers at an exclusive one-stop shop have been set
up to fulfill total communication needs of the subscribers. It provides a
single window opportunity to address all customer queries, besides
serving as an outlet for sale of all CONNECT products. These
aesthetically beautiful outlets allow CONNECT subscribers to subscribe
to any of CONNECT services while experiencing a demo of exclusive
CONNECT services like Phone to mail, Audio Conference Bridge, Video
Conference, DSL etc. At the Connect World, a customer can subscriber
to a telephone connection, buy Phone cards, CDMA mobile handsets,
Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) and Internet products. One canalso make bill payments, register a complaint and seek information on
any of the company's products or services. Specially trained executives
attend to the customer needs and ensure that they are met with speed
and efficiency.
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An agreement has been signed between the Government of Punjab and
HFCL Infotel Ltd. wherein CONNECT will provide free data connectivity
for the government's e-governance & citizen services projects. This
connectivity will facilitate communication between state headquarters,
district headquarters, sub-divisions and blocks. The e-Governance
project will help the government in improving revenue collection, delivery
of citizen services, increase government accountability and transparency
thereby increasing citizen trust in government besides providing
effective MIS for government decisions. This will effectively involve
stakeholders, including NGOs, business, and interested citizen in new
ways of meeting public challenges.
Indeed with a future-proof network, that connects every town and village
in Punjab, along with an emphasis on service excellence and quality,
HFCL's CONNECT has gone much beyond customer expectations.
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AIRTEL
Airtel comes to you from Bharti Tele-Ventures Limited - a part of the
biggest private integrated telecom conglomerate, Bharti Enterprises.
Bharti Enterprises has been at the forefront of technology and has
revolutionized telecommunications with its world class products and
services. Established in 1976, Bharti has been a pioneering force in the
telecom sector with many firsts and innovations to its credit. Bharti has
many joint ventures with world leaders like Singtel (Singapore Telecom);Warburg Pincus, USA; Telia, Sweden; Asian infrastructure find,
Mauritius; International Finance Corporation, USA and New York Life
International, USA.
Bharti provides a range of telecom services, which include Cellular,
Basic, Internet and National Long Distance. Bharti also manufactures
and exports telephone terminals and cordless phones. Apart from beingthe largest manufacturer of telephone instruments in India, it is also the
first company to export its products to the USA.
The Airtel visual identity has different elements that work together to
create a strong and consistent identity for the brand. The most important
of these are:
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The Airtel Logo
The Airtel logo is a strong, contemporary and confident symbol for a
brand that is always ahead of the rest. It is a specially drawn wordmark.
The Airtel Image style
It incorporates two solid, red rectangular forms whose counterform
creates an open doorway.
The Airtel Typographical style
The title case lettering with its capital 'A' was deliberately chosen to
reinforce the brand's leadership position. The red dot on the letterform 'I'
cues Airtel's focus on innovation.. The words 'Express Yourself' are very
much part of the brand identity.
The Airtel Colour Palette
The lettering is grey so that the pure black of Airtel is visually unharmed.
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BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LTD.
On October 1, 2000 the Department of Telecom Operations,
Government of India became a corporation and was christened
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited(BSNL). Today, BSNL is the No. 1
Telecommunications Company and the largest Public Sector
Undertaking of India with authorized share capital of $ 3977 million
and networth of $ 14.32 billion. It has a network of over 45 million
lines covering 5000 towns with over 35 million telephone
connections.
With latest digital switching technology like OCB,EWSD,AXE-
10,FETEX,NEC etc. and widespread transmission network including
SDH system upto 2.5 gbps, DWDM system upto 80 gbps,Web
telephony,DIAS,VPN, Broadband and more than 400,000 data
customers , BSNL continues to serve this great nation .Its
responsibilities include improvement of the already impeccablequality of telecom services, expansion of telecom network,
introduction of new telecom services in all villages and instilling
confidence among its customers.
BSNL has managed to shoulder these responsibilities remarkably
and deftly. Today with over 45 million line capacity, 99.9% of its
exchanges digital, nation wide Network management & surveillance
system (NMSS) to control telecom traffic and over 4,00,000 route
kms of OFC network, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd is a name to reckon
with in the world of connectivity. Along with its vast customer base,
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BSNL's financial and asset bases too are vast and strong. Consider
the figures, as they speak volumes on BSNL's standing:
The telephone infrastructure alone is worth about Rs. 1,00,000 crore
(US $ 22.74 billion)
Turnover of Rs. 31,400 crore ( US $ 7.14 billion)
Add to which, BSNL's nationwide coverage and reach,
comprehensive range of telecom services and a penchant for
excellence; and you have the ingredients for restructuring India for a
bright future. Today.
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PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
Dialup Internet Access
Unlimited Internet Plans from Tata Indicom
Total Internet...
Broadband Access
Experience the infinite possibilities of internet
with this unique featuers from Tata Indicom
Broadband...
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Calling Cards
Call India and the world at attractive tariff
rates...
Wi Fi
Experience Wireless Broadband ...
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Net Telephony
Make international calls at tarrifs as low as
99 paise using Net telephony...
helloworld
Call US, UK, Canada, Singapore & the Gulf
at very attractive rates...
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PC Security
World Class PC Security at unbelievable
Prices! Only from Tata Indicom Broadband
Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. This
unique offer that combines the depth and
breadth of the Encyclopdia Britannica
with the power of the internet.
Gobal Roaming
Roaming coverage extends more than 150
countries and more than 14,000 locations...
Mail Services
Increase your mail box size upto 75 MB and
get multiple Email IDs on the same account...
OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH
5. To study the market strategies of VIDESH SANCHAR NIGAM
LTD.
6. To study the various services provided to customers by the
company.
7. To study the customer review and their satisfaction level.
8. To understand the various problems faced by customer.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Universe :- The Universe in this problem is the four Internet Service
Providers operating in Jalandhar
Category of Respondents :- The respondents which I will take into
consideration for this study will be the Home Users, Coroporates and
Local SMEs using the services of these ISPs
Sampling Design :- The sampling design for the project will be Random
Sampling Method.
Size of Sample :- For solving the problem of the project I will take the
views of 200 Respondents
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Research Approach :- Survey Method
Data Collection Instruments :- The data Collection instrument will be
questionnaires
Source of Data :- Both primary and Secondry data will be the Source fo
this study.
LIMITATION OF THE RESEARCH
1. Time constraint
2. Response of the respondents
3. Small sample size.
4. Poor response of the respondents
5. The study is conducted in Jalandhar area and not applied to the
region.
6. Different services provided by the same ISP and competeting in
between ourselves.
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STEPS FOR RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The seven steps that followed as a research methodology are as follow:-
Define the problem that is faced
Specify what information is needed
Identify the source of Information
Decide the technology for enquiring the information
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Gather and process the information
Analysis & interpret the Information
Present the finding to the decision matter.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Telecom Asia, Nov, 2003
www.dxm.org/techonomist/news/vsnl2.html
Hong Kong: Asia Netcom enters into a partnership with Indian Internet
services firm Sify to provide high-speed private network services to
global firms planning to set up back office units in India, Asia Netcom
president William Barney says the new agreement aimed to exploit an
outsourcing boom in India and would help triple the company's revenue
from the country by 2008.
------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------
The Indian Techonomist By: Deus X Machina,
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India's VSNL, MCI, to launch Internet service by August 15 th
wwwdxm.org/techonomist/news/vsnl2.html
August 1, 1995: The Indian public may get full Internet access atreasonable prices when Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL), the
public sector company with a monopoly over overseas communications,
launches its Internet Gateway "by August 15th" - Indian Independence
Day. The Gateway will be connected to the world through satellite or
terrestrial links to MCI.VSNL's plans were leaked earlier this year, and
were very confused when reported in a bulletin from the (then unnamed)
Indian Techonomist on April 23rd. They seem somewhat clearer now,
and have already purchased equipment (including Alpha servers from
Digital).
Unlike the two other government-run networks, ERNET and NICNET,
which are not available to the general public, VSNL's service will be
open to students, 'professionals' (individuals) and corporations. They willalso be available to e-mail providers (who are burdened by $80,000
annual licence fees) and Internet service providers. The latter don't exist
yet, thanks to Department of Telecommunications (DoT) rules that
increase charges prohibitively when two networks interconnect. VSNL
itself will be able to offer its services because it will emphasise
international connectivity - hence the service's name, the 'Gateway' -
and will not build infrastructure within the country.
VSNL will be available through dial-up lines in Delhi and Bombay, and
later other cities such as Bangalore and Pune. It will be available
through the DoT's I-NET network. This is based on the X.25 protocol
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and can be accessed through a local call in major cities, and through a
special long-distance code at concessional rates from elsewhere.
As predicted in the earlier bulletin, VSNL will probably not be able to
cope with demand. It expects at least 20,000 users nationwide in the
first year, but has planned for only about 100 dial-in lines. It's inter-city
network will be based on 64 kbps lines leased from the DoT, and it's link
to MCI in the US will be between 128 kbps and 2 Mbps.
And VSNL is - as their Chief General Manager, Planning, told the
Techonomist today - still committed to providing 250 hour/year accountsto 'students' for US$ 16 (Rupees 500) annually, later this year. To begin
with, services will range from $160 for 250 hours for individuals (shell
account only), through corporate SLIP/PPP at $600/year, to 128 kbps
leased connections to other service providers at $100,000/year
(excluding last-leg line costs).
Intelsat to Launch Internet Connectivity Via Satellite in India
World IT Report, Apr 10, 2003
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FGI
Intelsat, the US satellite communication provider, plans to launch
Internet connectivity via satellite covering both the space and terrestrial
segments. Up until now, the company only offered solutions in the space
segment.
Erich M Fischer, the company's director for strategy and business
development, stated that Intelsat's Internet Trunking Service is the first
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product that combines space and terrestrial segment capabilities in
order to provide high-speed Internet backbone connectivity for Internet
service providers (ISPs). Intelsat plans to introduce this product in India
first and then in other developing markets in Africa, Latin America and
Asia Pacific, according to the Financial Express.
Intelsat plans to introduce its Internet Trunking service to both category
'A' and 'B' ISPs via Intelsat Global Sales and Marketing Ltd., Intelsats'
subsidiary. The Internet Trunking Service will provide Internet access via
satellite by providing space segment capacity, a regional hub, teleport
service and access to the Internet backbone in either in Europe or in the
US.
Intelsat has four satellites covering the Indian Ocean region (each at 60,
62, 64 and 66 degrees) and another two satellites covering the Asia
Pacific region at 83 and 110.5 degrees. Intelsat has a total of 21
satellites in orbit, each with a capacity of over 90 transponders. -
(EMEconomy.com)
March 22, 1999
India ISP Policy Helps Networkers, Neglects Providers
http://www.internetnews.com/bus-news/article.php/84111
The much acclaimed ISP policy is good for network equipment vendors
but e-mail service providers continue to be left out in the cold. while
much has been written about the vast market the policy opens up for the
prospective ISPs, little is known or at least is being discussed about the
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business opportunities that this will open up for networking component
vendors, specially the infrastructure equipment sellers.
Obviously, they will start making money even before the ISPs do.
Servers, routers, modems and local area networking equipment would
comprise the main components of the network.
"If one goes by the experience in South East Asia, there should be over
300 ISPs in a city like Mumbai," maintained a senior official at Ascend
Communications Pte Ltd. This, he points out, would open up a large
market for infrastructure equipment. Most of the networking majors arefinalizing strategies to get a big slice of the market. 3COM, Digital,
Ascend, and Cisco have already started their marketing exercise, while
Shiva is also believed to be eyeing the market. 3COM has already
supplied components for the state-run Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd.'s
(VSNL) network. As far as remote access servers are concerned, 3COM
boasts of a 60 percent market share worldwide.
'Total control,' as its remote access concentrator is called, is very
popular among ISPs, sources maintain. Supporting both digital and
analog lines, it is claimed to provide flexibility to the ISPs. Ascend has
also emerged strong in remote access servers in the Southeast Asian
markets. While Cisco is the leading player in routers, Digital is strong in
servers. The cost of setting up a network depends on the number ofsubscribers an ISP is targeting and the features which an ISP will
provide. For an ordinary dial-up service, cost per port is anywhere
between Rs 20,000 (US$472) and Rs 30,000 (US$709).
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Industry observers point out that an important factor which will impact
the life expectancy of ISP industry entrants is the port tariffs to be
charged by VSNL. "Such high charges will make the whole business
unviable," said a potential Internet service provider. "Instead, to
encourage the services, the government should lower the port charges
to be paid by the service providers, which will in turn lower the tariff
which the companies will charge from the subscribers," he said. This
factor has dampened the prospects of having a large base of ISPs, as
only big players can be expected to remain in the sector, being able to
sustain losses for a long time.
Another major problem about the Internet in the country is that the policy
does not permit the ISPs to provide Internet connection through cable
TV networks. In India, there are more than 50 million subscribers of
cable TV, according to a rough estimate. Many feel that it will be easier
to distribute Internet services through cable networks.
Moreover, the ambitions of e-mail service providers wishing to make a
head-start in the business of Internet service are difficult to realize,
according to market observers. The policy states that e-mail licensees
have to obtain separate ISP license for each service area and should
implement the service independent of their existing e-mail networks.
The e-mail licensed service is based on a different protocol and the e-
mail nodes are connected with 64 kbps data leased lines and may not
be upgradable to provide Internet service at all.
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VoIP will Benefit Small Service Providers in India
World IT Report, Apr 10, 2003
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4175/is_20030410/ai_n12929284
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) will not only benefit the large service
providers in India, but will also offer business opportunities to smaller
companies.
Vijay Yadav, the country manager of CommWorks India, a 3Comm
company, recently stated "VoIP will provide scope for new and cost
effective service without huge investments. The scope is not just for thebig companies as even smaller companies can come out with cutting
edge services," according to the Business Standard.
Vijay Yadav added that in the traditional telephony industry, the cost of
starting new services and executing them is high, yet with the
introduction of VoIP, the cost of both will fall. In addition, telecom service
providers can use VoIP to provide higher value services (like voice mail
and roaming mailing) to earn more revenues. -(World IT Report.com)
NetKracker Third Largest ISP in India - Internet service provider -
Brief Article
ISP Business, Sept, 2001
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IGP/is_9_4/ai_78974803
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NetKracker, the retail ISP arm of Wipro Net, has jumped to the third
position after Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (VSNL) and Satyam in terms
of number of Internet subscribers in India. P.B. Madappa, vice president
of marketing at NetKracker said its Internet subscribers numbered
76,000 in 15 cities.
NetKracker has acquired a market share of 9.5 percent in ISP business
while Satyam Infoway enjoys a market share of 23 percent and VSNL
has 40 percent. Madappa said while VSNL and Satyam remained
focused on the SME market, NetKracker is looking at the growing home
segment to push up subscription. He said though the availability of PCs
at home has been the greatest barrier, the company has been able to
attract a number of subscribers within a year of its launch, aided by a
brand building campaign.
VoIP will Benefit Small Service Providers in India
World IT Report, Apr 10, 2003
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4175/is_20030410/ai_n12929284
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) will not only benefit the large service
providers in India, but will also offer business opportunities to smaller
companies. Vijay Yadav, the country manager of CommWorks India, a
3Comm company, recently stated "VoIP will provide scope for new and
cost effective service without huge investments.
The scope is not just for the big companies as even smaller companies
can come out with cutting edge services," according to the Business
Standard.
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Vijay Yadav added that in the traditional telephony industry, the cost of
starting new services and executing them is high, yet with the
introduction of VoIP, the cost of both will fall. In addition, telecom service
providers can use VoIP to provide higher value services (like voice mail
and ro
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