EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS
AND RULES AND RULES
Unión Europea 27Unión Europea 27Judith Álvarez García
Sofía Bruña ZancaRaúl García Fernández
Vivien MagneClémence Mirat
PARLAMENTARY PARLAMENTARY COMPARISONCOMPARISONEuropean European
UnionUnionSpainSpain FranceFrance
LegislativLegislative Powere Power
ApprobatiApprobationon
ElaboratioElaboration and n and approbatioapprobationn
ElaboratioElaboration and n and approbatioapprobationn
Budget Budget PowerPower
YesYes YesYes YesYes
Political Political ControlControl
InstitutionInstitutions s (Commissi(Commission)on)
GovernmeGovernmentnt
GovernmeGovernmentnt
PARLAMENTARY PARLAMENTARY DIFERENCIESDIFERENCIESEuropeaEuropean Unionn Union
SpainSpain FranceFrance
NameName European European ParliamenParliamentt
General General CorpusCorpus
ParliamenParliamentt
Tribute Tribute PowerPower
NoNo YesYes YesYes
PARLIAMENT PARLIAMENT FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS
LEGISLATIVE CONTROLLEGISLATIVE CONTROL Co decision Co decision Congress and ParliamentCongress and Parliament
DEMOCRATIC CONTROLDEMOCRATIC CONTROL Over the Over the Commission (Questions, Data)Commission (Questions, Data)
BUDGETARY CONTROLBUDGETARY CONTROL Budget Budget modifications, approbation and control modifications, approbation and control (Commission)(Commission)
Lisbon Treaty, stronger legislatorLisbon Treaty, stronger legislator
LEGISLATIVE AND LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE POWEREXECUTIVE POWER
EXECUTIVE POWEREXECUTIVE POWER Commission Commission Impulse agreementsImpulse agreements Political coordination, execution and Political coordination, execution and
managementmanagement EU exterior representation EU exterior representation
LEGISLATIVE POWERLEGISLATIVE POWER Parliament and CouncilParliament and Council Legislation approbation (Co decision)Legislation approbation (Co decision)
SUBCOMMISSIONSSUBCOMMISSIONS
GENERAL REGIONAL POLITICAL GENERAL REGIONAL POLITICAL DIRECTIONDIRECTION Politic of cohesion Politic of cohesion (differences reductions) (differences reductions) 4th report: economical, social and territorial 4th report: economical, social and territorial
region situationsregion situations
RESEARCH GENERAL DIRECTIONRESEARCH GENERAL DIRECTION Develop more competitive techniquesDevelop more competitive techniques 7th Frame Program of Research and 7th Frame Program of Research and
Development TechnologicDevelopment Technologic
SUBCOMMISSIONSSUBCOMMISSIONS
EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL ISSUES EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL ISSUES AND EQUALITY GENERAL AND EQUALITY GENERAL DIRECTIONDIRECTION Improve hygiene and securityImprove hygiene and security Equality between men and womenEquality between men and women PROGRESS: Financial supportPROGRESS: Financial support
EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN UNION COUNCIL FUNCIONSCOUNCIL FUNCIONS
LEGISLATION: law approbationLEGISLATION: law approbation Economical politics coordination (ECOFIN)Economical politics coordination (ECOFIN) International agreements EU-other countries International agreements EU-other countries
or organizationsor organizations Common Exterior and Security Development Common Exterior and Security Development
Politics Politics EU budget approbationEU budget approbation Justice cooperation coordinationJustice cooperation coordination
EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROPEAN COMMISSION FUNCIONSFUNCIONS
EXECUTIVE POWEREXECUTIVE POWER Execution of communitarian Execution of communitarian politics and budget politics and budget managementmanagement Credit managementCredit management
LEGISLATIVE INITIATIVELEGISLATIVE INITIATIVE Proposes texts to the Proposes texts to the Parliament and the CouncilParliament and the Council Common telecommunication Common telecommunication
marketmarket
EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROPEAN COMMISSION FUNCIONSFUNCIONS
WARRANT OF THE WARRANT OF THE COMMUTARIAN RIGHTCOMMUTARIAN RIGHT Warranty that all customers have access Warranty that all customers have access
to basic servicesto basic services
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE EUROPEAN UNIONEUROPEAN UNION Agreement between Central America and Agreement between Central America and
the Andean Communitythe Andean Community
COURT OF JUSTICE COURT OF JUSTICE APPEALS APPEALS
2 types of APPEALS to interject in 2 types of APPEALS to interject in front of the Court:front of the Court: DIRECT APPEALDIRECT APPEAL Only the affected Only the affected
person or organisms can appeal (within person or organisms can appeal (within 2 months)2 months)
PRELIMINARY QUESTIONSPRELIMINARY QUESTIONS European Council, European Union European Council, European Union Council, Commission, Parliament, ECB Council, Commission, Parliament, ECB and non-institutional organisms.and non-institutional organisms.
ECB vs EIBECB vs EIB Frankfurt (1998)Frankfurt (1998) Functions:Functions:
€ € managementmanagement Keeping stable Keeping stable
pricesprices Economical and Economical and
monetary politicsmonetary politics IndependentIndependent Central Central
coordination of the coordination of the different national different national banks (Euro system)banks (Euro system)
Luxembourg (1958)Luxembourg (1958) Functions:Functions:
Long time loans Long time loans (public and private (public and private sectors)sectors)
Controlled by the Controlled by the Governments Governments CouncilCouncil
EU and 140 EU and 140 countries countries (Cooperation (Cooperation agreement)agreement)
EESC vs CoREESC vs CoR Consultative organ of Consultative organ of
the EU (1957).the EU (1957). Generate “opinions”Generate “opinions” Advice for Council, Advice for Council,
Commission or Commission or Parliament.Parliament.
Emit facultative and Emit facultative and own opinion.own opinion.
Objective: act as a Objective: act as a model of participative model of participative democracy.democracy.
Consultative organ Consultative organ integrated by the EU integrated by the EU regions (1944 Treaty regions (1944 Treaty UE).UE).
344 members.344 members. Presents local and Presents local and
regional points of view.regional points of view. Generate opinions and Generate opinions and
propositions to the propositions to the Commission.Commission.
Define the general Define the general politic every year.politic every year.
EUROPEAN PROCESS TO EUROPEAN PROCESS TO DECISION-MAKINGDECISION-MAKING
Three principals process:Three principals process:
Co-decisionCo-decision: actual process for the majority of : actual process for the majority of
the legislationthe legislation
Conform opinionConform opinion: the Council approves the : the Council approves the
ParliamentParliament
ConsultationsConsultations: done in topics such as : done in topics such as
agriculture, fiscal matters and competences.agriculture, fiscal matters and competences.
If the Council modifies the proposal of the If the Council modifies the proposal of the Commission Commission unanimityunanimity
CONCLUSIONS
Similarities between national and European institutions.
New Countries Different situations Decision-making more difficult.
Proposal: more democratic process.
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