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CSP and Supergrid : the
ESTELAs view
September 24, 2009
London
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INDUSTRY MEMBERS OF ESTELA
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Mediterranean Solar Plan: CSP view2
Concentrating solar power plants1
Transmission: the real challenge3
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THE CURRENT SITUATION
CSP p lants using pa rabolic troughs a re a lready a reliable and demonstratedtechnology. More than 40 plants, with an overall installed power of more thantwo thousand MW, are either in c onstruc tion or in opera tion, ma inly in Spa inand the USA.
Parabolic through c ollec tors and heliosta t fields a re in opera tion sinc e the ea rly
80s with p roven performanc es. CSP plants are dispatchable and their d ispa tchab ility c an be enhanc ed by
new storage technologies and/or hybrid concepts using other renewable orc onventiona l fuels. E.g . ACSs p lants And asol 1 and 2 have a nomina l storagec apac ity of 7.5 h eac h.
Dual applications, i.e. elec tric ity and water desa lina tion, might b ring importantbenefits in some spec ific p lac es.
Currently, the generation costs are still high and the conversion cycle waterneeds for c oo ling need to be red uced
CSP p lants a llow the g rid to a c c ommodate more non d ispa tchab le renewab lesources.
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PLANTS IN SPAIN
In operation (7)
In construc tion (33)
Gibralt
arstra
it
Malaga
Badajoz
Seville
Almeria
Alicante
Ciudad Real
Granada
P R O T E R M O
S L A R
P R O T E R M O
S L A R
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ISCC at Hassi RMel
ISCC at Ain Beni Mathar
ISCC at Kuraymat
100 MW in Abu Dhabi
ISCCS Plants in Morocco, Egypt and Algeria with small solar share
Morocco and Egypt funded by GEF
Project in Abu Dhabi in development
MENA:FIRST PROJECTS IN A PROMISING FUTURE MARKET
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COST REDUCTION IS THE MAIN ISSUE (2/ 2)
CSP-plant generation costFinance: 20-year debt service
2005 2010 2015 2020 20250
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2600 kWh/m DNI (MENA)
3%/a cost reduction
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
Wind, Spain
PV, Spain
IPPsalesprice[ct/kWh]
2005 2010 2015 2020 20250
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2600 kWh/m DNI (MENA)
3%/a cost reduction
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
Wind, Spain
PV, Spain
IPPsalesprice[ct/kWh]
Year
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
2600 kWh/m DNI (MENA3%/a cost reduction
2005 2010 2015 2020 20250
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2600 kWh/m DNI (MENA)
3%/a cost reduction
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
Wind, Spain
PV, Spain
IPPsalesprice[ct/kWh]
Year
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
2100 kWh/m DNI (Spain)3%/a cost reduction
Rangebetween2%and5%costreductionperyear
2600 kWh/m DNI (MENA3%/a cost reduction
CSP-plant generation costFinance: 40-year debt service
Example: CSP plant in Spain with20-year debt service with a resulting
LEC* of 27 ct/kWh
Example: CSP plant in Morocco with40-year debt service with a resulting
LEC* of 15 ct/kWh*LEC: Levelized Energy Cost
PV, Spain
Influenc e of the financ ia l sc heme on the LEC
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Mediterranean Solar Plan: CSP view2
Concentrating solar power plants1
Transmission: the real challenge3
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ALL THE EUROMED ELECTRICITY DEMAND COULD BE COVEREDFROM THE SOUTHERN MED COUNTRIES
world
EU25
The long term challenge of Renewable Electricity for the region iscloser and less expensive from a regional cooperation perspective
1% of Sahara area covers the regional electricity demandHVDC new technology provides efficient long range transmission
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MSP-STE OBJECTIVES 2020
The Sola r Therma l Elec tric ity ind ustry
estimates at 30GW the potential for installedcapacity in the EU by 2020, mostly in theSouthern c ountries.
The potentia l in Med iterranea n Southerncountries is technically several times the
world demand. We can imagine that alower target than for the EU is economicallyviab le, for insta nc e, 20GW.
STEE ti t 2010 2050
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STE Estimates 2010-2050Installed Capac ity of STE in Europe (MW)
2010 2015 2020 2030 2040 2050
Cyprus 70 300 826 1861 2713 3519
Greece 50 750 1653 3535 5490 7378
Italy 50 1000 3311 7468 11597 15585
Portugal 50 1000 5317 10428 16194 21763
Spain 500 3000 18893 36708 57006 76611
Total 720 6050 30000 60000 93000 124856
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Accumulated Power:20,000MW Manufacturing JobsinEurope:
40,000man/year Manufacturing JobsinNorthAfrica:40,000man/year
Solar Med iterranean PlanEmployment Projec tions By 2020
ConstructionJobs:120,000man/yearOperation &MaintenanceJobs:35,280man/yearTotal:235,280man/year
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MSP-STE IMPLEMENTATION
There w ould be no rea linterc onnec tion c apac ity
p rob lem until 2016
l l l l l l l l l l
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
_
_
_
_
_
_1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
Existing Moroc c o-Spa intransmission line
Upg raded Moroc c o-Spaintransmission line
l l l l l l l l l l
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20182019 2020
_
_
_
_
_
_1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
l l l l l l l l l l
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20182019 2020
_
_
_
_
_
_1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000 Yearly new insta lled
c apac ity (MW)
Required transport
capac ity (MW)
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Concentrating solar power plants1
Mediterranean Solar Plan: the CSP view2
Transmission: the real challenge3
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All over Europe national AC-grid and interconnectors are
saturated
In most European countries the peak power growth was notcompensated by the transport system expansion in the sameamount d uring the last yea rs.
In most EU countries the construction of new overhead
transmission lines is virtua lly impossib le. In the rest o f the c ountries,the required time to build new overhead transmission line is quite
high (between 10 and 15 yea rs).
The European Sup ergrid is the only solution
TRANSMISSION: THE REAL CHALLENGE
HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES:
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There a re many examples in the world of HVDC lines
For overhead lines tension used c an b e up to 800 KV, a t overa ll c ost
comparable with AC lines of the same capacity, while submarineand underground lines a re only up to 350 KV for the time being, andha ve still a higher c ost.
In the next five to ten yea rs, due to the new deve lopments expec ted
in terms of the cable isolation, the main cable and convertingstations suppliers expect to increase voltage with the new transistorstechnology and increase transmission capacity to reach costsc omparab le with AC lines.
The ma in transmission c ompanies and TSOs are still no t enthusiasticabout subterranean HVDC due to cost considerations, and onlywhen the need is extremely urgent, suc h as the Frenc h-SpanishPyrenees c onnec tion, they dec ide to go to this tec hnology.
HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES:TECHNOLOGY STATUS AND COSTS (1/ 2)
HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES:
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There a re many fac tors whic h a ffec t the c ost of a HVDC line,overhead , sub terranean or submarine. The p a th a t whic h
transmission cost will decrease is linked to technologicaldeve lopment a nd the size o f the ma rket.
A credible plan to implement a Euro Mediterranean super-grid willencourage investments leading to substantial reduction in cables
and c onverting sta tions fabric a tion a nd dep loyment c osts.
A growing number of new HVDC submarine lines are beinginsta lled or developed a ll a round Europe.
A new European super-TSO will be the first step to c rea te the newplanned supergrid, to be developed under a concession scheme(Brazil is a story of suc c ess).
HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES:TECHNOLOGY STATUS AND COSTS (2/ 2)
A NEW IDEA THE BRITISCH-IBERIAN
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A NEW IDEA THE BRITISCH-IBERIANCONNECTOR
Furthermore, we couldimagine that an British-Iberian Interc onnec tor c ould
be feasible, if on the onehand wind power capacityin UK and Ire land and on theother hand CSP c apac ity
increase over a certainlevel.
ca
.700
km
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