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Team Tips PTD, APRIL 2013
Edisi Pertama Januari 2010
1st
revision: Mac 2010 (Gred 41)2
ndrevision Oktober 2010 (PTD)
3rd revision Julai 2011 (PTD)4th revision November 2011 (Pegawai Antidadah)
5th revision Januari 2012 (Penguasa Kastam)6th revison Februari 2012 (Juruaudit)
7th revision Mei 2012 (PTD)8th revision April 2013 (PTD)
INI BUKAN SOALAN RAMALAN
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ContohEseiBahasaInggerisExample 1: GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming, sometimes called the green house effect, is the absorption of energy radiated
from the surface of the earth by carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. This causes theatmosphere to become warmer. The green house effect is causing the temperature of the earth to rise,
creating various problems that will begin to manifest in the coming decades.
Atmospheric disturbances caused by the extra warming will produce more violent storms and a
larger number of deaths. Some areas will dry out and the increasing occurrence of lightning strikes will
set huge forest fires. Such fires will generate additional quantities of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere.
In addition, evaporation rates will increase and circulation patterns will change. Increased
rainfall in some areas will result in decreased rainfall in other areas. Some regions will experience
sudden downpours that cause massive floods. In other areas, rivers flow will diminish or even stop
completely.
If the melting rates continue to increase, the sea could rise up to 6 feet by the middle of next
century. Large tracks of coastal land would disappear, as would shallow barrier islands and coral reefs.
Forests and other wildlife habitats might not have enough time to adjust to the rapid change in climate.
The warming will rearrange complete biological communities and cause many species to become
extinct.
The greenhouse effect is the incoming solar radiation that passes through the earths
atmosphere but blocks much of the outgoing infrared radiation from escaping into the outer space.Global warming is a long term rise in earths average temperature. Human activities are causing some
greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide to build up in the atmosphere, which contributes towards global
warming.
Bottom line, there would be no global warming if the greenhouse effect didnt exist. We can
rescue the earth from global warming and make it a safer place to live in if everyone acts consciously.
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Example 2: LANDSLIDE
The latest landslide incident was reported to have occurred on the 6th of November, 2008 at
Taman Bukit Mewah, Bukit Antarabangsa, Kuala Lumpur. It claimed four lives, injured fourteen people
and buried fourteen bungalows. This was reported to be the third occurrence within the same area after
Highland Tower on the 11th December, 1993 and Taman Hill View on the 20th of November, 2002.
Effects of these occurrences were simply numerous. The Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (MPAJ)
was accused of not carrying out their duties in ensuring the safety of the affected area. The incident also
spurred the area to become a stage of political stunts. Fines and lawsuits were made between the
residents, developers and authorities. The numerous drawbacks which have occurred resulting from this
landslide caused the value of homes within the immediate area to drop (in terms of both the selling
price and the average rent).
Many factors were suspected to have caused such a tragedy. Among the most obvious reason is
the fact that those responsible simply failed to learn from past occurrences within the area. The
existence of certain groups of people who disregard the issue of safety further obviates their own vital
interests. The area was regarded to have privacy, making it a hot spot in the real estate and property
market. With such high demands, a lot of residential development took place within the area.
It is important to avoid further incidents of landslides. As a start, the awareness of property
owners or those looking to invest in properties must consider numerous factors. This includes the
geographic features, the steepness of the area as well as the safety measures implemented for living in
such areas. This would help reduce the risk of property owners from making the wrong investment that
would prove to be more of a liability if they invest in property within volatile areas.
Numerous acts were enacted and laws were already ratified to further reduce the risk of
landslides. These included the Land Conservation Act 1960, The Environmental Quality Act (EQA) 1974
and the National Forestry Act 1984. These acts and laws and regulation contained within them must be
further enforced by both federal and state authorities. In addition, the integrity of developers and
government authorities must be improved.
In truth, the occurrence of landslides is a result of human activity; therefore human beings must
take action to avoid further occurrences.
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Example 3: AIR POLLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE WORLD
A great concern is given to the destruction of the earths atmosphere due to air pollution that
the immediate and direct harm caused to the human body is often overshadowed. The careless use of
hazardous chemicals and fossil fuels not only may leave the planet uninhabitable in the future, but also
cause serious damage to our bodies at the time being. These pollutants damage our respiratory system,
leading to a shorter life span of individuals depending on various conditions. Such conditions include
age, the individuals geographic area, and lifestyle.
Carbon monoxide is released from cars, trucks, stoves and gas furnaces, and certain industrial
processes. Its also a toxin in cigarettes. Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin in the red blood
cells, therefore body cells and tissues cannot get enough oxygen. Also, carbon monoxide attacks the
immune system, particularly affecting people with anemia, heart disease, and emphysema and otherlung diseases. In addition, it affects mental functions, vision, and alertness, even when at low
concentrations.
Nitrogen oxide is another fatal pollutant that its fatal presence is only in highly advanced
countries. Its released from fuel plants, cars, and trucks. Nitrogen oxide can cause eye and lung
irritation, and lower the resistance to respiratory illnesses, such as influenza, chest colds, and bronchitis.
This gas can cause death to children and people with asthma.
Sulphur dioxide is a heavy, noxious, colorless gas that comes from industrial plants, chemical
plants, paper mills, and petroleum refineries. When combined with water it becomes sulpheric acid,
which dissolves marble, corrodes iron and steel, and turns plants yellow. It has devastating effects on
people with heart disease, asthma, and emphysema.
It is obvious that our careless use of chemicals and fossil fuels is destroying the planet, but now
its very clear that we are destroying our bodies at the same time.
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Example 4: PRICE HIKE
A lot of people would complain whenever there is an increase in price for goods that they
require. This further increases the costs of living expenses. A lot of reasons were given by shop owners
and resellers to a point that the end consumers dont really have any say or any power at all to control
the price hike of goods.
This is detrimental to the overall stability of the country. Price hikes are one of the main factors
causing aggravation of the current populace, causing political and socio-economic instability. With costs
of living further increased, the crime rate would also increase. This is due to the rising poverty rate as
people simply cant afford to buy goods that they require for living. In the long run, price hike would
simply result in famine.
The soaring prices of numerous vital goods have been attributed by numerous factors. This
includes the rising costs of fuel sources. As fuel prices increase, so does the overall production and
transportation costs. Greediness of business owners is also a factor. As an example, even with the
reduced fuel prices imposed by the government, the prices of goods remain at an all time high.
Furthermore, some consumes insist on buying the same type (or brand) of certain goods despite
the higher price. Another cause for concern is the lack of emphasis for this country to produce to its own
food source. This is apparent as a significant amount of food stuffs and goods are still imported and not
produced in-house.
There are a few suggestions that can be considered in order to curb the effects of price hikes onthe society. This includes the distribution of good money management skills among consumers, as they
must learn to spend wisely to avoid unnecessary waste of money. Another way to solve this is by
optimum use of land, allocating areas of high potential and fertility for the use of agriculture.
In addition, steps should be taken to popularize the career of agriculture and farming which can
generate a good source of income. As a precaution, international trade agreements must be made to
cooperation between countries to reduce the import duty, which will help reduce the price hike of
imported goods.
In conclusion, the rise of prices for any goods or services is difficult to avoid. However the
effects of it can be reduced if consumers are thrifty and savvy in managing their spending habits. Besides
the consumers, the responsible parties must also take part and do whatever necessary to curb the price
hike and help control the market situation.
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Example 5: ROAD SAFETY
The total number of deaths and injuries due to road accidents increases year after year despite
numerous campaigns held in order to curb the situation. Effects arising from road accidents include loss
of life which results in loss of human resource to a certain extent. It also causes damage to property. The
rise in the number of road accidents reflects on the safety of one of Malaysias main medium of
transportation. This reflects the countrys image which in turn affects our tourism industry, an important
source of our countrys gross income.
Human factors has always been the center of blame and fault when it comes to road accidents.
Carelessness resulting from various factors including pressure, driving under the influence of drugs and
alcohol, and also the act of doing something else like talking on a mobile phone or text messaging is
often the cause. Another human factor which leads to accidents is the tendency to speed on the road.Whether its to get to a destination on time or to boast a cars power and size, speeding is simply an act
portraying the disregard of human life.
Another factor is the road condition themselves. Although access to expressways and interstate
highways are present, traffic builds up easily, causing major congestions, especially during festive
seasons. The overall quality of road systems in some parts of this country is still considered poor. As for
the vehicles themselves, some are not properly inspected and regularly maintain. Whats worse, many
car owners make excessive modifications not according to road safety rules and specifications.
Furthermore the lack of road safety and traffic enforcement has always been another factor to blame.
Road safety should be improved by shaping the human factor at various levels, including road
safety education at schools, driving school and learning centers, and also through the media campaigns.
New laws and road safety regulations should be drafted and enforced. In addition, road transportation
management should be researched and revised wherever necessary.
Upgrading of the current road systems and utilities should also be considered. This includes and
overhead bridge for pedestrians, maintenance and calibration of traffic lights and also the repair and
maintenance of damaged roads and improvement of old roads. To achieve this, the contractors involved
in road construction, maintenance and repair must be monitored and accounted for.
Vehicles must undergo regular inspection, whether its a commercial truck, lorry or a privateowners car. Such practices must be encouraged, especially before long travelling periods during the
festive season for example. Commercial vehicles should go through periodic maintenance and servicing.
To complement all that, enforcement of road safety and traffic regulations is a must.
As a conclusion, the awareness and cooperation of all parties is required in order to curb the
problem of road accidents. This will help reduce road fatalities, unnecessary damage to property and
helps portray Malaysians as civilized people responsible on the road.
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Example 6: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
There are many signs that indicate environmental degradation. This includes unpredictable
climate changes, thinning of ozone layer, green house effects, global warming, air pollution and also
polluted water source filled with toxic substances.
The cause of environmental degradation is clear, and steps must be taken to mitigate such
environmental impacts. This can be done by educating the younger generation as well as the public to
be aware of the importance of environmental quality. Recycling should be encouraged as a common
practice for all parties, domestic and commercial alike from households to factories.
Use of plastic bottles should also be reduced as it is non-biodegradable and detrimental to the
environment. For that matter, use of plastic bags should also be avoided. Disposal of waste should be
done as such that it is burnt as an energy source at power production plants. It is also advised that the
use of styrofoam as food containers be eliminated. Instead, restaurants and food stalls should use
containers that which are made of plant components like palm fiber. In fact, stainless steel and glass
should also be considered.
For industrial and commercial use, packaging should be based materials such as paper or metals.
All consumer goods should be environmental friendly. Disposal of waste items should be done at proper
waste disposal sites and facilities. Neighborhoods and townships should practice gotong-royong
(cooperation and involvement among people) regularly to clean up the environment they live in.
Furthermore, any suspicious activity which may prove to be detrimental to the quality ofenvironment is to be reported to the relevant authorities immediately. Last but not least, everyone must
practice efficient use of natural resources by not wasting too much water or leaving unnecessary lights
and equipments on.
It is important that all parties, both the government and the public achieve a common state of
awreness and understanding to conserve the environment. The attitude towards the environment must
change in order for us to preserve our beloved natural resources.
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Example 7: DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
In few years, drug abuse by younger people has become a life reality in modern society. For
hundreds of thousands of families worldwide, this fact poses a profound problem with significant social,
psychological, and legal implications. Faced with an upsetting and uncommon experience when they
first discover that their children are dealing drugs or alcohol, parents anxiously search for solutions but
often coming up with the wrong ones, and as a result making an already sensitive situation worst.
The damage that could result from a parents lack of understanding in the reasons behind their
childs drug and/or alcohol abuse can sometimes be worse than the results of the child actually taking
the drugs! With sensitivity and genuine feeling, new areas of understanding can open up by discussion,
revealing some of the fundamental desires that motivate young people in todays society, and perhaps
parents will be better prepared psychologically to relate to what really trouble their children.
Peter Marin and Allan Cohen, the authors of the book Understanding Drug Use, An Adults Guide
to Drugs and the Young suggest ways to minimize drug misuse and teach specific ways in which parents,
teachers, and others can assist educating the children on the negative results of abuse. For example, if
the child is arrested the authors suggest attempting to motivate the child to see how he or she came
into the situation they are in now. Also, if you find that your child has had an experience with drugs or
alcohol, immediately point out the negatives. They reveal some helpful and unhelpful attitudes the
parents or other people can develop.
Parents must learn reasoning techniques to be employed to divert their children away from
drugs and alcohol abuse. And its important to remember that solving this problem begins with
understanding the motives and reasons behind the abuse in the first place.
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Example 8 (BONUS): H1N1 OUTBREAK
H1N1 is defined as an infectious disease caused by a newly emerged virus strain. This new strain
emerged from the mutation of genes found in the influenza virus of pigs, aviaries and humans.
The first outbreak was reported in Mexico and the United States of America in April 2009.
During the course of this outbreak, it has spread to all over the world, including Malaysia. Highly
contagious, it spreads through the act of sneezing and coughing of carriers and H1N1 patients. However,
the virus is not contagious from infected pigs to humans.
Those who are suspected to have H1N1 symptoms are strongly advised to see the doctor
immediately. Avoid the spread of the virus to others; this can be done by covering the mouth with a
tissue with every cough or sneeze. It also advised that patients wash their hands frequently to prevent
contagions from spreading through items that they are physically in contact with.
H1N1 patients are also advised to quarantine themselves in their homes and limit their
interaction with other people. They are strongly advised to not be within areas of heavy human traffic
and crowds as this causes the virus to spread and infect others easily. Furthermore, usage of public
transportation is also not encouraged.
The virus can infect others within several days for a full grown adult, and much longer for
children. Advice to the public includes to live a healthy way of life, be aware of the outbreak and how to
avoid getting infected. This includes avoiding crowded areas, keeping a distance from those who
sneezes or coughs, and also maintain a good hygiene. Last but not least, avoid physical contact withpotential H1N1 victims, especially around the face.
To date, there is no cure or vaccine that is regarded as effective. Existing antiviral treatments do
not give protection as effective as a vaccine. Therefore, in conclusion, precautionary steps must be
taken by all parties to prevent the H1N1 virus from spreading. Cooperation from all members of the
public is paramount.
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Example 9 (BONUS): FOREIGN IMMIGRANTS
The existence of more than two million foreign immigrants (both legal and illegal) causes major
concern of certain parties in the nation. The labor sector for example is monopolized by foreign workers
including construction works, house maids, production lines, field work, agriculture and services. The
increasing number of incoming immigrants implicates many things.
On the positive side, there are benefits of having foreign laborers. Among the benefits of foreign
labor is how cheap they are. With reduced labor costs, it will eventually result in lower production costs.
Foreign laborers are also considered productive an efficient as they are known not to complain much.
Furthermore, they are considered robust with their willingness to do a multitudes general works which
are otherwise considered dirty, dangerous and require a great amount of strength.
In addition, foreign workers are known to have contributed to the Nations development. They
also help with the public elections. In the long run, foreign immigrants help with the diplomatic relations
between countries.
Despite all the benefits mentioned, foreign labor is known to cause a lot of problems. With
general labor works and services being monopolized by foreign workers, the job market is severely
limited for Malaysians to even consider. At times, proper documents are absent for these foreigners
which results in numerous issues later on. Furthermore, a lot of foreign workers comprise of
incompetent human resource, restricting them to only perform general works or typical labor i.e.
cleaning.
With the influx of immigrants, it is difficult to keep track; arising certain issues such as the
laborers welfare, etc. are usually caught in disregard. This is evident with cases of physical abuse of
foreign maids for example. Implications are further evident with the involvement of crime, prostitution
and drug trafficking by foreign immigrants. Whats worse is the existence of middlemen, job agencies
and corrupt government officials who are simply irresponsible with so many immigrants that are not
accounted for.
In conclusion, it can be said that the existence of foreign immigrants have its benefits and as
well as downsides. However, the peace and prosperity of our nation must be well-balanced and
maintained in order to address this issue.
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Example 10 (Bonus): SNATCH THIEVES
The rise of snatch thieves and snatch victims is at an alarming rate. This is of major concern as
snatch thieves are becoming more and more violent, where some cases are implicated with murder
when victims die. Aside from the loss of valuable items and money, etc. snatch victims suffer serious
injuries and trauma.
Crimes such as snatch have numerous negative effects on our Nation. This includes the fear of
tourists visiting Malaysia, as well as foreign investors. The Nations image is also at risk. This is further
evident with people having fear to even go out to perform their routine work and daily activities.
There are many causes of snatch cases. This includes the victims carelessness in going about
walking in areas that are known to expose them to potential snatch thieves. The snatch thieves
themselves are getting bolder with their intent to break the law. Making it worse is the fact that a
significant number of snatch thieves are actually drug addicts, looking for quick money and easy cash in
order to buy drugs.
Among other causes of rising snatch cases are the rising rate of unemployment. This is further
obviated with the economic slowdown. With increased costs of living, people end up resorting to
unlawful means to get money in order to survive. Furthermore, the constant migration of people into
cities provides more opportunities for snatch cases to occur.
There are many ways to curb the serious problem of snatch thieves. For instance is the
cooperation of the public to report any information that can help in the arrest of snatch thieves.Incidences should also be reported immediately. Prevention is better than being snatched as accusations
cannot be made without strong evidence. This includes walking in public areas that are well lit instead of
walking alone in dark and quiet areas. Bags should also be kept safely and securely.
The cooperation between various authorities like the police, municipal councils, volunteer
groups like RELA as well as the Department of Roads and Transportation is important to curb the plague
of snatch thieves. This can be done by frequent inspection of motorcyclists for any signs of suspicious
activity. Furthermore, motorcycle access should be prohibited in certain areas, especially places where
there are pedestrians at commercial places. Special walkways should be made for the safety of
pedestrians. Bushes should also be planted beside pedestrian walkways and pavements as a deterrenttowards motorcyclists.
To accommodate such restrictions, public transportation should be made more efficient. Street
patrols by traffic police and relevant authorities should be scheduled more frequently. The public should
be aware and concerned with each others well being and safety. This responsibility falls on the families
and parents to educate their children and always make safety a priority. Laws and regulations should be
reviewed and the punishment should be more severe towards convicted snatch thieves.
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There are many campaigns and measures taken in order to curb the plague of snatch thieves. To
date, we have yet to achieve the desired results to consider these steps as effective. A revision of allthese stated suggestions and mitigating measures is required by the responsible parties.
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