Environmental Management SystemsThe ISO 14001 Approach
N.C. Health Physics SocietyBoone, NC
October 19, 2001
Julie WoosleyEMS Development Course for Government Agencies,
Project Coordinator NC DPPEA
What is an EMS? Systematic way of managing an organization’s
environmental affairs Based on Plan-Do-Check-Act Model (PDCA) Focused on Continual Improvement of system Addresses immediate and long-term impact of an
organization’s products, services and processes on the environment.
A tool to improve environmental performance
Some EMS Models ISO 14001 Metal Finishers National Biosolids Partnership Project XL with the United Egg Producers Agriculture EMS models (livestock, soybean) SGIA model Federal facility models (CEMP, DOE guide) Compliance-focused EMS (CFEMS) Commission for Env. Cooperation (CEC guide)
EMS ModelPolicy
Planning
Implementation
CheckingCorrective Action
ManagementReview
Based on the P-D-C-A Model, Plan-Do-Check-Act
Why Implement an EMS?To get your environmental ducks in a row!
Struggling to stay in compliance and keep track of regulations/laws
Environmental management just one of many responsibilities
Establish a framework to move beyond compliance Vehicle for positive change; improved employee
morale, enhanced public image Employee turnover
Why Implement an EMS ?More reasons: Helps to identify the causes of environmental
problems. better to make a product right the first time cheaper to prevent a spill or other accident cost effective to prevent pollution
Trade and competitive issues Inconsistency in environmental regulation and enforcement
Many individual parts may already be in place – just need to unify under the EMS umbrella!
ISO 14000: A series of standards
Created by the International Organization of Standardization, a non-governmental organization (NGO) established in 1947, located in Switzerland (see handout for more info) ISO is not an acronym - from the Greek iso, meaning
equal (as in isothermal)
ISO is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from over 100 countries; American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is US representative They have created many standards: ISO 9000, film speeds
ISO 14000 Family A series of guidance documents and standards
to help organizations address environmental issues. Ones below deal with EMS. 14001: Environmental Management Systems 14004: EMS general guidelines 14010: Guidelines for Environmental Auditing 14011: Guidelines for Auditing of an EMS 14012: Auditing - Qualification criteria
To Whom Do the Standards Apply? Standard is Voluntary Large and Small Business & Industry Service Sectors (hospitals, hotels, etc.) City and County Government Applicable to all types of organizations, of
all sizes anywhere in the world
Becoming ISO 14001 certified ISO 14001 is the only certification standard Registration body examines EMS for conformity
to the ISO 14001 standard Not a compliance audit, an EMS audit Facility awarded registration Does NOT mean that products are more
environmentally friendly Does mean have a documented EMS that is fully
implemented and consistently followed
External Drivers for ISO 14001? Suppliers encouraged to consider an EMS
by: IBM Xerox (30,000) Bristol-Myers Squibb (15,000) Ford and GM Toyota- choice of 3 MP&M, Others??
Approx. 271,000 ISO 9000 certifications worldwide (est. 380 NC certifications)
World Picture
30,303 ISO 14001 cert. in world as of 6/01 1,480 ISO 14001 cert. in US as of 6/01 54 companies known certified in NC, and one
municipality US is 5th in number of certifications behind Japan
(6,648), the UK (2,500), Germany (2,400), and Sweden (1,911)
EMSs and the Federal Government Published Federal Register notice 3/12/98 EPA “Aiming for Excellence” Report Sept. 99; part of
Draft EMS Action Plan http://www.epa.gov/ems Clinton signed Executive Order 4/00 requiring federal
facilities to have an EMS by 2005 EPA Performance Track June 2000 – requires an EMS Office of Water funded pilot efforts in 10 states, pilot
program with governments, pilot with Biosolids Assoc. New MP&M (Metal Products and Machinery) Effluent
Guidelines: final rule may include EMS-based exemptions (P2 option)
EMS and Enforcement
N.C. EMS Related Activities
NC DENR EMS policy Aug. 1999 State Regulatory Innovation legislation Sector-based EMSs (paper industry, screen-
printing, metal finishing, furniture): see http://www.p2pays.org/iso/sector
EMS Development Course for Government Agencies
EMS Pilot Project with Pork Producers
Multi-State Working Group Many states (founding states are AZ, CA, IL, MA, MN,
NC, OR, PA, TX, WI)
EPA, NGO’s, National Institute of Standards & Technology, CI2, CMA
Implemented pilot projects with industry Goal: To understand and communicate the value
of ISO 14000 in meeting public policy goals.
17 Requirements in ISO 14001Env. Policy 4.2 Document control 4.4.5
Env. Aspects 4.3.1 Operational control 4.4.6
Legal and other req. 4.3.2 Emergency preparedness and response 4.4.7
Obj. and targets 4.3.3 Monitoring and measurement 4.5.1
Env. Mgmt. Program 4.3.4 Corrective/preventive action 4.5.2
Structure and Responsibility 4.4.1 Records 4.5.3
Training, awareness, and competence 4.4.2
EMS audit 4.5.4
Communication 4.4.3 Management Review 4.6
EMS documentation 4.4.4
ISO 14001 Key Elements
Policy Statement Identification of Significant Environmental Impacts Development of Objectives and Targets Implementation Plan to Meet Obj. and Targets Training Management Review
How you meet the elements is up to you
EMS ModelPolicy
Planning
Implementation
CheckingCorrective Action
ManagementReview
Based on the P-D-C-A Model, Plan-Do-Check-Act
ISO 14001 Policy Statement (4.2) Management’s declaration of commitment to the
environment. Policy Statement
3 Main Elements (Big 3) Commitment to Compliance Commitment to Prevention of Pollution, and Commitment to Continual Improvement
Broader definition of pollution prevention Available to Interested Parties
EMS Policy Statement Must be appropriate to the nature, scale and
environmental impacts of the organization’s activities, products or services
Provides a framework for setting and reviewing objectives and targets
Way of communicating environmental mission internally and externally
Broader definition of pollution prevention than EPA’s: not just source reduction,but also recycling, treatment, disposal, and material substitution
Aspects and Impacts (4.3.1) An organization evaluates and addresses its
own significant aspects, including non-regulated aspects
May be positive or negative Think from the fenceline:
Aspect: Cause or Input: Element of an organization’s activities, products, or services which can interact with the environment
Impact: Effect or Output: Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, resulting from an organization’s activities, products, or services
Aspects and Impacts Consider:
Air emissions Solid/hazardous waste Water effluents Contamination of land Noise, vibration and odor Land use, energy use, water use Raw material and resource use Positive environmental issues
Example: Aspect - Radioactive material Impact – Transportation and storage issues;
Environmental contamination
Not just regulated issues!
Marine Corps ISO 14001 Pilot Project
Encampment
Lead Responsibility - Fish and Wildlife Division, Compliance Division, and Planning Division
Environmental Aspects
Input (raw material and labor)
Conservation
Soil disturbance leading to Erosion and SedimentationAccidental Spillage - Vehicle /Helicopter/Equipment fluidsGray water
Soil disturbance leading to Erosion and SedimentationAccidental Spillage - Vehicle/Helicopter/Equipment fluidsGray water
Accidental Spillage - Vehicle/Helicopter/Equipment fluidsGray water
Fuel Consumption - Use of a Nonrenewable ResourceTraining within a Natural Environment (Plant, Wildlife, Wetlands)Training within species habitat
Disposal of Spill ResidueDisposal of Solid WasteDisposal of Hazardous Waste
Particulate Matter from Operating Vehicles Off-roadAir Emissions from equipment and vehiclesOutdoor burning - PM
Surface Water Impacts
Waste Impacts
Soil Impacts
Air Impacts
Groundwater Impacts
Resource Impacts
Nuisance Impacts
Ranking (4.3.1)
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to identify its environmental aspects in order to determine those which can have a significant impact on the environment.
Rank aspects and impacts in order to assess their significance
Company-specific
Ranking/Significance Scoring
Consider: Environmental Concerns
Regulatory/legal exposure; health/env. risks; conservation Business Concerns:
Effect on the public image; community concerns Cost savings; cost recovery period; equipment/facility
Other issues: Scale, duration, and zone of impact Probability of occurrence - frequent, likely, possible,
rarely, unlikely Severity of impact - catastrophic, severe, moderate, minor
Example Significance Matrix
Activity, Product, Service
Aspect Impact Legal Liability
Public Concern
Frequency Severity OSR Significance
(OSR>2.5)
Dissolve Mineral
Ore
Water use
Resource
depletion
1 3 2 1 1.75 No
Natural Gas
Use
Resource depletion
1 1 2 2 1.50 No
Natural Gas
Use
Air pollution (Nox)
1 2 2 1 1.50 No
Use of Strong Acids
Spills to land or water
3 2 3 3 2.75 Yes
Scoring Guide for Ranking SignificanceEnvironmental Planning Division
Weight = 2 Weight = 2 Weight = 1.5 Weight = 2
PROCESS ASPECTSPOTENTIAL
IMPACTS
DEGREE OF
IMPACTFREQUENCY OF IMPACT
POTENTIAL FOR
REGULATORY OR LEGAL EXPOSURE
COMMUNITY INPUT TOTAL
Dry Cleaning Air Emissions Degradation of Air Quality - VOCs
3 4 3 3 24.5
Marine Corps ISO 14001 Pilot Project
Legal and Other Environmental Requirements (4.3.2) Setting legal framework for the EMS
have a procedure to identify and access the legal requirements: state, federal, local
have a documented system for keeping up-to-date communicate to the right people
Industry-specific requirements CMA Responsible Care Int’l.Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Charter
Other voluntary requirements EPA ClimateWise, WasteWise, 33/50 Program Green Seal
Planning (4.3)
Establishobj./target
Review policy
Determine significant impacts
Determine legal/other rqmts.
Objectives &Targets (4.3.3) The organization shall establish and maintain
documented environmental objectives and targets.
Can include commitment to: reduce waste reduce or eliminate release of pollutant design product to minimize environmental impact in
production, use, and disposal.
Be realistic. Keep objectives simple, flexible, and measurable.
OBJECTIVES & TARGETS
Reduce generation of hazardous waste
Improve indoor air quality by reducing solvent odors
Prevent spills Reduce electrical use
Reduce spent solvent by 80% by 01/2002
Reduce emissions by 90% by 05/2002
Max. of 2 /yr. by 2003
Reduce electricity use by 10% by 08/2002
Planning
Establishobj./target
Review policy
Determine significant impacts
Determine legal/other rqmts.
Develop Env. Mgmt. program
Env. Mgmt. Program
Plan: Switch to aqueous cleaning process Action- Substitute water based cleaning process
for vapor degreasing process Responsibilities - Process Engineering Schedule -
Bench top trials - 2 months (date)Full scale pilot - 3 months (date)Implementation period - 1 month (date)
Resources needed - 1 FTE for 4 months - Est. Budget $12,000
Implementation (4.4) Structure/responsibility (4.4.1)
Training, awareness, & competence (4.4.2)
Communication (internal/external) (4.4.3)
Env. Mgmt. System Documentation (4.4.4)
Document control (4.4.5)
Operational control (4.4.6)
Emergency preparedness and response (4.4.7)
Sections overlap: For example, 4.4.2 and 4.4.6 require that employees have info. on EMS as well as knowledge of environmental impacts from operations and activities
(4.4.2) Training: Ex. Training Matrix
Document Title Document # Rev
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Awareness Training N/A N/A 5/9/00 5/9/00 8/11/00 8/29/00 NR 5/9/00 5/12/00 9/11/00 5/12/00 5/12/00 5/9/00 5/11/00
Environment Management System Manual EMS-0100.000 0 NR 2/14/00 NR 3/8/00
EMS Review Procedure EMS-0100.001 08/30/00 2/14/00 NR 4/10/00 5/8/00 3/8/00
Document Control Procedure EMS-0100.002 0 2/14/00 NR 4/10/00 5/8/00 3/8/00
Aspects and Impacts Procedure EMS-0100.003 0 5/15/00 2/14/00 NR 5/10/00 5/8/00 3/8/00
Corrective/Preventative Action Report Procedure
EMS-0100.004 25/9/00 5/9/00 8/30/00 8/29/00 NR 5/9/00 8/28/00 9/11/00 8/30/00 8/30/00 5/9/00 5/9/00
Training Procedure EMS-0100.005 1 12/18/00 NR 4/10/00 12/18/00 12/18/00
Roles and Responsibilities Listing EMS-0100.006 0 8/30/00 2/14/00 8/30/00 8/29/00 NR 4/10/00 1/27/00 5/8/00 3/8/00
Objective and Targets - Improvement Plan Summary
EMS-0100.007 1 NR 8/29/00 NR
External Communications Procedure EMS-0100.008 1 6/28/00 6/28/00 8/11/00 8/29/00 NR 6/28/00 6/29/00 9/11/00 8/30/00 8/30/00 8/4/00 6/28/00
Environmental Management System Audit EMS-0100.011 0 NR 5/8/00
Sewer Overflow / Reporting Procedure (Press Release);Media List; Distribution list; Emergency Phone list
EMS-0100.012 3NR 9/1/00 NR 9/1/00
Monitoring and Measuring Procedure EMS-0100.013 0 NR NRLegal and Other Requirements EMS-0101.001 1 NR
EMS Management Procedures
Document Title Document # Revision Retain Frequency Controlled Copy Locations
Environment Management System Manual
EMS-0100.000 0 As Needed
As Needed w U: Drive 1. Long Creek Operations 2. Crowders Conf. Room 3. PW Director’s Office 4. Pretreatment Office 5. Superintendent's Office
EMS Review Procedure EMS-0100.001 0 As Needed
As Needed w U: Drive 1. Long Creek Operations 2. Crowders Conf. Room 3. PW Director’s Office 4. Pretreatment Office 5. Superintendent's Office
Document Control Procedure EMS-0100.002 0 As Needed
As Needed w U: Drive 1. Long Creek Operations 2. Crowders Conf. Room 3. PW Director’s Office 4. Pretreatment Office 5. Superintendent's Office
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTS
Procedures for Environmental Management System
(4.4.5) Document Control – Ex. Matrix
Checking/Corrective Action (4.5)
Monitoring andMeasuring (4.5.1)
Records (4.5.3)
Non-conformance andCorrective/Preventive Action
(4.5.2)EMS Auditing (4.5.4)
(4.5.1) Monitoring and Measuring
The organization shall establish and maintain documented procedures to monitor and measure ... the key characteristics of its operations that can have a significant impact on the environment.
Track how well the system is working Measure the key characteristics of those activities
that can have significant impacts Analyze the root causes of problems
(4.5.2) Non Conformance and Corrective and Preventive Action
Develop procedure for investigating, correcting, and preventing system deficiencies
Set up process for assigning responsibilities for and tracking completion of corrective action
Set up process to revise EMS procedures based on corrective actions
(4.5.3) Records
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for the identification, maintenance and disposition of environmental records
Include - training records, audits, management reviews
(4.5.4) EMS Auditing
Develop internal EMS audit program Are all EMS requirements met?
(Are we meeting the standard?) Is the system working?
(Are we doing what we said we would?)
Determine audit frequency and procedures; train auditors; keep records of audits, findings, and follow up actions
EMS Model (Plan-Do-Check-Act)Policy
Planning
Implementation
CheckingCorrective Action
ManagementReview
(4.6) Management Review Reviews EMS to ensure its continuing
suitability, adequacy and effectiveness Reviews process to ensure necessary
information is collected for evaluation Review must be documented Consider changes to:
policy objectives other EMS elements
Thoughts on Going for ISO 14001 Attend an overview class (need a champion,
know what’s coming) Start with gap analysis or “road map” 6-18 months to design and fully implement Work in teams or task groups Staff resources Incorporate Health and Safety? Level of Involvement of Suppliers/Contractors Training (internal/lead auditor, overview) Using an accredited trainer/registrar
For More Information
DPPEA offers free on-site EMS assistance and training DPPEA EMS web site: http://www.p2pays.org/iso/
Julie Woosley Beth Graves,
EMS Gov. Project Coor. EMS Project Coor.
919-715-6527 or 800-763-0136 (919) 715-6506
[email protected] [email protected]
Barb Satler, EMS and Pork Producer Coor.
(919) 715-6519, [email protected]
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