Energy Planning & Development Energy Planning & Development for Community Sustainabilityfor Community Sustainability
Presented by:
Jay WrobelJay WrobelSenior EconomistSenior Economist
Sustainable Energy Planning OfficeGas Technology Institute
Gas Technology InstituteGas Technology Institutewww.gastechnology.orgwww.gastechnology.org
• 340+ scientists, engineers, analysts, planners & contract managers– Hydrogen systems research & development– Renewable energy systems development– Cleaner combustion technologies– Energy efficient technologies & systems– Performance testing & optimization– Sustainable community energy planning
• Nonprofit research organization developing sustainable energy & environmental technology solutions
• Funded by government & energy industries
Presentation ContentPresentation Content
Context & Catalyst for Sustainable Energy Development
Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions
Continuing National & Global Initiatives
Context: Energy, Environment & EconomicsContext: Energy, Environment & Economics Continuing Urbanization & Consumerism has
led to Substantial Increases in Energy Demand
Inefficient Use of Energy Resources has Seriously
Degraded Local & Global Environmental Quality
& Continues to Threaten Human Health
Energy Costs for many Communities in Developing
Economies can be 70% of all Annual Expenditures
Energy Costs for most Communities in Developed
Economies are Second Only to Labor Costs
Yet, Energy Is Rarely Considered in the Design,
Development & Management of Community
Infrastructure or Systems
Exceptionally Clear Air Quality In Mexico City
Poor Air Quality
Typical Air Quality
Context: Energy & Community DevelopmentContext: Energy & Community Development
80% of U.S. Population is Urban• Land use development expanding
twice the rate of population growth
• Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) expanding three times the rate of population growth
80% of U.S. Energy is Consumed in Our Cities & Development Affects 70% of consumption!• Sprawling development consumes 85% more electricity, 70
times more water, 50 times more lumber & 40 times more land than energy-smart development
Environmental, Social & Economic Costs of Urban Energy & Resource Use is the #1 Challenge to Community Sustainability
BaltimoreUrbanization
International Competition for Sustainable Urban System Design
• Global Competition to Produce Alternative Models for Energy & Resource Efficient Community Development
• 9 National Teams Engaged in 2+ Year Research & Design Effort
• 9 Different Development Models Emerged with Similar Solutions
Catalyst: IGU Competition 2001-2003 Catalyst: IGU Competition 2001-2003
• Argentina - Buenos Aires• Canada - Vancouver• China - Changshu• Germany - Berlin• India - Goa• Japan #1 - Tokyo• Japan #2 - Mishima• Russia - Vologda• United States - San Diego / Tijuana
Catalyst: IC-SUSD ExpectationsCatalyst: IC-SUSD Expectations
• A design for an existing city that by 2103, would result in the sustainable use of all resources & the practical elimination of global greenhouse gas emissions
• Description of a “Total Energy System” in which all aspects of production, consumption and waste disposition are environmentally compatible
• A roadmap defining the institutional, economic, technological and social developments necessary to reach sustainability by 2103
Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions
Urban Sprawl Energy Consumption Impacts Material Resource Depletion Transportation Congestion
& Air Quality Impacts Water Quality Degradation Affordable Housing Scarcity Government Fragmentation Marketplace Dysfunction Public Ignorance
• Environmentally insensitive development practices and uncontrolled/unregulated growth are consuming prime agricultural, forests and wetlands, stressing natural resources & threatening biodiversity
Urban SprawlUrban SprawlChallenge
Potential Solutions• Urban containment or growth boundaries
• Mixed-use, transit oriented development & optimization of existing urban footprint
• Concentration of growth in self-sufficient urban cells/clusters or villages
Energy Consumption ImpactsEnergy Consumption Impacts
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Over-reliance on fossil fuels & associated local & global environmental degradation
• Lack of public awareness & concern for energy efficiency & conservation
• Renewables (solar, wind, hydro., biogas, geothermal, waste-energy systems, etc.)
• Net-zero energy buildings, combined cooling-heat-power systems & distributed generation
• Community-based resources management
Material Resource DepletionMaterial Resource Depletion
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Growing solid waste disposal dilemma
• Single-purpose use of materials in buildings, vehicles & commodities
• High embedded energy cost of materials
• Waste minimization via “Cradle-to-Cradle” design, manufacturing & commodity leasing
• Adaptive reuse of existing structures using green building standards & controls
• Utilization of alternative recyclable materials
Transportation Congestion & Air QualityTransportation Congestion & Air QualityChallenge
Potential Solutions
• Congestion across the metropolitan region, particularly along city-suburban thoroughfares
• Air emissions (ground-level ozone) & noise
• Limited availability of appealing public transit
• Efficient transit & transit-oriented development
• Surface light rail, trolley, flexi-bus and mono-rail
• Alternative fuels & propulsion systems (compressed & liquid natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells & electric motor engines)
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Inadequate drinking water supplies
• Urban & agricultural non-point source pollution & wetlands losses
• Inadequate control of municipal effluents
• Comprehensive watershed protection controls & stewardship programs
• Natural wastewater filtration utilizing wetlands & sanitary solids recycling
• Water reclamation and reuse
Water Quality DegradationWater Quality Degradation
MWD84%
Surface Water11%
Groundwater3%
Recycling2%
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Cost of home ownership & “fuel poverty”
• Substandard housing w/ inadequate sanitation
• Adaptive reuse of the existing building stock to satisfy demand
• Building energy efficiency a priority
• Targeted mortgage qualification programs for reconstructed housing projects
Affordable Housing ScarcityAffordable Housing Scarcity
Challenge• No existing institutional arrangements
for ecosystem-wide sustainable development
• Lack of local control over local issues
• Regional form of governance for regional resources and functions
• Region-wide resources management & development strategy
• Neighborhood/village management councils & local autonomy to reach regional goals
Government FragmentationGovernment Fragmentation
Potential Solutions
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Cost of environmental & social externalities excluded from commodity pricing & markets
• Government subsidies for unsustainable practices continue
• Integration of an ecological footprint approach to urban design & development
• Introduction of full-cost accounting & pricing within commercial market segments
• Consumer education & empowerment initiatives to build sustainable markets
Marketplace DysfunctionMarketplace Dysfunction
Challenge
Potential Solutions
• Most individuals are simply unaware of the impact their lifestyle choices have on the sustainability of local and global resources
• Belief that science & technology will save the day, no matter the hour
Public IgnorancePublic Ignorance
• Awareness building & educational initiatives
• Product sustainability certification & labeling
• Citizen engagement in resources management
U.S. – Mexico Design Entry
18 - Minute DVD Presentation
IC-SUSD Jury & SpecialtiesIC-SUSD Jury & Specialties
• Dr. Shigeru Ito, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Japan
– Urban Planning
• Dr. Ismail Serageldin, World Bank & Curator, Alexandria Museum, Egypt
– Sustainable Development
• Dr. Ernst U. von Weizsacker, Member of the German Parliament, Germany
– Global Environment
• Dr. Stephen Graham, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
– Information Technology
• Mr. Casio Taniguchi, Mayor Curitiba City, Brazil
– City Management
• Ms. Haikyung Shin, Correspondent, Joong-Ang Ilbo, Korea
– Culture & Lifestyle
• Mr. Gary Neale, Chairman, President, CEO, Nisource, Inc., United States
– Energy
Accept Responsibility for Creating Accept Responsibility for Creating More Sustainable CommunitiesMore Sustainable Communities
Lead the Effort to Build Healthier Communities, Worldwide!
Develop Cleaner Energy Technologies & Consumer Market Demand
Consider Energy Impacts Across All Community End-Uses
Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping Initiative
Continuing National Continuing National & Global Initiatives& Global Initiatives
The Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability
Sustainable Urban Energy Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping InitiativeRoadmapping Initiative
• Goal:“Accelerate adoption of sustainable energy planning, technologies
and best management practices among U.S. communities”
• Objectives & Approach:• Characterize community needs & barriers
• Nationwide assessment - 90 city survey
• Series of regional problem-solving workshops
• Examine alignment of gov’t resources w/ needs• “Gap Analysis” of Federal & State EO’s program resources
• Improve alignment via future R&DD agenda & initiatives • Collaborative multi-level government strategy
Sustainable Urban Energy Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping InitiativeRoadmapping Initiative
• Current National Status• DOE/EERE funding likely in FY’05, pending current reorganization of deployment programs
• Proceeding with a California-Focused SUE Project Initiative• California Energy Commission/PIEREA
• SEMPRA Energy Utilities
• Other California Utilities• PG&E, SMUD, SCE, LA-DW&P, PGIP, SW-Gas, Sierra Pacific, Vista Utilities
• Will Create Basis for New PIER Program & Funding
Public-Private Partnership Initiative to Advancethe Sustainable Use of All Energy Resources within Communities
The Global Energy CenterThe Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability for Community Sustainability
(GEC)(GEC)
• U.S. Department of Energy – Secretary’s National Energy Policy Office– Support from the White House & State Department
• City of San Diego – Mayor’s Office
• City of Honolulu – Mayor’s Office
• Gas Technology Institute
GEC InitiatorsGEC Initiators
GEC Mission & ApproachGEC Mission & Approach
Integrate Cleaner & Efficient Energy Resources & Technologies into the Design, Development & Management of All Urban Systems
Promote the Efficient Use of Energy in the Development of Economically, Socially & Environmentally Healthy Communities
GEC Technology Focus AreaGEC Technology Focus Area
Air QualityWater Quality
Waste Management Land Use Development
TransportationCommunications
Industrial FacilitiesBuilding Systems
URBAN URBAN SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
EnvironmentalQuality
EnergySupply
Built Infrastructure
GenerationTransmissionDistribution
Security
RenewablesCleaner Fossil
Advanced SystemsDistributed Resources
GEC Management Focus AreaGEC Management Focus Area
Best Practices Regulatory Models
Community Participation
Industrial Ecology Market Mechanisms
Technology Financing
HUMAN HUMAN SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
Governance
Planning& Design
Economic Development
Energy PlanningUrban Ecology Design Models
Life Cycle Analysis Performance Indicators Resource Management
GEC ActivitiesGEC Activities
• KnowledgeKnowledge– Baseline assessments & benchmarks– International / regional exchanges
• ToolsTools– Energy efficient technologies & practices– Education, training & demonstrations
• CapitalCapital– Market development for energy technologies – Intermediary financial services for projects
• GovernanceGovernance– Promotion of regional energy management– Facilitation of urban leadership exchanges
• Action PlansAction Plans– Model designs & technical assistance
• Urbanizing Communities, WorldwideUrbanizing Communities, Worldwide• Developed and developing economies
• Communities with basic energy services
• Public & Private Entities That Serve ThemPublic & Private Entities That Serve Them• Federal, regional & state agencies
• Financial & development institutions
• Technology developers & providers
• Research & academic institutions
• Non-governmental organizations
GEC Targeted BeneficiariesGEC Targeted Beneficiaries
GEC Proposed AnnouncementGEC Proposed Announcement
• 19th World Energy Congress– Sydney, Australia – September 5th, 2004
“Delivering Sustainability: Opportunities and Challenges
for the Energy Industry”
For More Information:For More Information:
Sustainable Energy Planning OfficeSustainable Energy Planning Office1700 South Mount Prospect Road1700 South Mount Prospect Road
Des Plaines, IL 60018Des Plaines, IL 60018847-390-7800847-390-7800
www.gastechnology.org/sustainabilitywww.gastechnology.org/sustainability
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