Energy Audit Report
Khar Gymkhana
September 05, 2014 Prepared by: Vivek Gilani, Ashoka Fellow Environmental Engineer (E.I.T) BEE Certified Energy Auditor (EA-17177) Co-Founder: The no2co2 Project (www.no2co2.in) Co-Founder / Member Secretary: The GreenSignal Ecolabelling Body Founder / Director: cBalance Solutions Hub
In consultation with: Mr. Pradeep Thakur, Partner, M/s. Vision Power Factx B.E Electrical BEE Certified Energy Auditor (EA-5872)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 2
Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 6
2 Project Scope .............................................................................................................. 7
3 Methodology ............................................................................................................... 7
4 Energy Audit Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 10
4.1 Baseline Performance Measurement ................................................................ 10
4.1.1 Electricity Consumption .............................................................................. 10
4.1.2 Energy Bill Analysis & Trends ...................................................................... 12
4.1.3 Area-Wise Energy Consumption Patterns .................................................. 13
4.1.4 Energy Demand Type-Wise Consumption Patterns ................................... 15
4.1.5 Fuel Consumption Patterns ........................................................................ 16
4.2 System-Wise Energy Performance Assessment & Energy Conservation Opportunities ................................................................................................................ 18
4.2.1 Load Curve Management ............................................................................ 18
4.2.2 HVAC System ............................................................................................... 19
4.2.2.1 HVAC Performance Assessment .......................................................... 19
4.2.2.2 HVAC Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities .... 26
4.2.3 Lighting System ........................................................................................... 31
4.2.3.1 Lighting System Performance Assessment .......................................... 31
4.2.3.2 Lighting Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities 36
4.2.4 Ventilation System ...................................................................................... 40
4.2.5 Pumping System .......................................................................................... 42
4.2.5.1 Pumping System Performance Assessment ........................................ 43
4.2.5.2 Pumping System Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities ........................................................................................................ 48
4.2.6 Water Heating System ................................................................................ 52
4.2.6.1 Energy Saving Opportunities from Water Heating System ................. 52
4.2.7 Renewable Energy - Solar Thermal Water Heating System ........................ 59
4.2.8 Renewable Energy - Solar Photovoltaic System ......................................... 64
4.2.9 Deep Freezers, Refrigerator and Chiller Systems ....................................... 66
5 Water Audit Analysis ................................................................................................. 68
5.1 Rain Water Harvesting ....................................................................................... 68
5.2 Water Conservation Technologies ..................................................................... 69
6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 71 List of Tables
Table 1 Energy Bill Summary............................................................................................. 11
Table 2 Current TOD Tariff Structure ................................................................................ 12
Table 3 Base Tariff Structure ............................................................................................. 12
Table 4 Feeder Assessment (Trending) Time Periods ....................................................... 13
Table 5 Daily Active and Reactive Power Consumption Trend ......................................... 13
Table 6 Daily Active and Apparent Power Consumption Trend ....................................... 13
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 3
Table 7 Daily Area-Wise Energy Consumption Trends (7:00 am to 3:00 pm) .................. 14
Table 8 Energy Demand Type-wise Consumption Pattern ............................................... 15
Table 9 PNG Bill Summary ................................................................................................ 16
Table 10PNG Consumption Details ................................................................................... 17
Table 11 TOD Tariff Loss/Gain Summary .......................................................................... 18
Table 12 Feeder Assessment (Trending) Time Periods ..................................................... 18
Table 13 Installed AC Load Summary ................................................................................ 20
Table 14 HVAC System Performance Summary ................................................................ 21
Table 15 HVAC System Key-Performance Indicator Summary ......................................... 24
Table 16 Overall HVAC Energy and Cost Conservation Summary .................................... 29
Table 17 HVAC Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from HVAC Equipment Replacement, Retrofit & Maintenance ............................................................................. 30
Table 18 ILER Based Assessment of Area wise Lighting.................................................... 31
Table 19 Lamp Efficiency Metrics ..................................................................................... 32
Table 20 Fixture-Wise Lighting Load and Energy Consumption Summary ....................... 32
Table 21 Area-Wise Lighting Load and Energy Consumption Summary .......................... 35
Table 22 Light Fittings to be removed .............................................................................. 36
Table 23 List of Light Fittings to be replaced with High Efficiency Lights ......................... 37
Table 24 List of Light Fittings to be reduced in Wattage .................................................. 37
Table 25 Lighting Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement (Indoor) ........... 37
Table 26 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement (Outdoor) .................................................................................................... 38
Table 27 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Wattage Reduction .. 39
Table 28 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Removal . 39
Table 29 Overall Lighting Energy and Cost Conservation Summary ................................. 40
Table 30 Blower System Details & Measurement ............................................................ 40
Table 31 Air Blower (Ventilation System) Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Operational Run-time Reduction ...................................................................................... 42
Table 32 Water Bill Details ................................................................................................ 43
Table 33 Water Consumption Summary ........................................................................... 44
Table 34 Swimming Pool Pump Technical Specifications ................................................. 45
Table 35 Swimming Pool Pump Working Schedule .......................................................... 46
Table 36 Swimming Pool Pumps Flow Measurements & Pipe Details ............................. 46
Table 37 Pressure Drop Calculation - 12.0 HP Pump ........................................................ 46
Table 38 Pressure Drop Calculation – 7.5 HP Pump ......................................................... 47
Table 39 Pumping System Efficiency Calculations ............................................................ 47
Table 40 Piping System Energy and Cost Saving Opportunities from Removal of Pipe Bends ................................................................................................................................. 48
Table 41 Pumping System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Repair and Retrofit ............................................................................................................ 51
Table 42 Pumping System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement ..................................................................................................................... 51
Table 43 Overall Lighting Energy and Cost Conservation Summary ................................. 51
Table 44 Hot Water Shower System Electrical Details ..................................................... 52
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 4
Table 45 Hot Water Shower Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from MCB Retrofit ........................................................................................................................................... 53
Table 46 Jacuzzi Pond Dimensions .................................................................................... 54
Table 47 Hot Water Shower Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement .......................................................................................... 55
Table 48 Jacuzzi Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement .................................................................................................. 55
Table 49 Steam and Sauna Room Power Measurements ................................................ 56
Table 50 Steam and Sauna Room Operating Parameters ................................................ 56
Table 51 Steam Room Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement .................................................................................................. 58
Table 52 LPG Replacement for Water Heating System - Energy and Cost Conservation Summary ........................................................................................................................... 58
Table 53 Roof Surface Area Survey ................................................................................... 59
Table 54 Solar Thermal Heating System Design ............................................................... 60
Table 55 Solar Thermal Panel Specifications .................................................................... 62
Table 56 Solar Thermal Water Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate ........................................................................................................................................... 63
Table 57 Solar PV System Design ...................................................................................... 64
Table 58 Solar PV System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate .............................. 65
Table 59 Energy Assessment from Deep Freezers, Refrigerators, and Beverage Chillers 67
Table 60 Khar Gymkhana Water Bill Summary ................................................................. 68
Table 61 Rainwater Harvesting Analysis ........................................................................... 69
Table 62 Water Conservation Fixtures Analysis ............................................................... 70
Table 63 Water Conservation related Environmental, Water, and Cost Conservation Summary ........................................................................................................................... 70
Table 64 Overall Conservation Summary from Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy .. 73
Table 65 Listing of Energy Conservation MACC Projects .................................................. 77
List of Figures
Figure 1 Fluke Power Analyzer ............................................................................................ 7
Figure 2 MECO Harmonater - Clamp-On Meter ................................................................. 8
Figure 3 Anemometer for Measuring Flowrate of Air ........................................................ 8
Figure 4 Psychrometer for Measuring Dry Bulb and Wet Bulb Temperature .................... 9
Figure 5 Energy Consumption by Load Type..................................................................... 16
Figure 6 HVAC Load AC Type-wise Distribution ................................................................ 20
Figure 7 HVAC Area-Wise Energy Consumption & Installed Capacity .............................. 22
Figure 8 Efficient vs. Inefficient AC Capacity Comparison for Small and Large ACs ......... 23
Figure 9 Area vs. EER Summary ........................................................................................ 23
Figure 10 Outdoor Units Installed Under the Beam ......................................................... 26
Figure 11 Ducts for Hot Air ............................................................................................... 27
Figure 12 Detoriated Insulation Copper Pipes .................................................................. 28
Figure 13 Overlapping Wires ............................................................................................ 28
Figure 14 Metal Halide Lamps Used at the Tennis Court ................................................. 33
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 5
Figure 15 Lighting Load Fixture Type-wise Distribution ................................................... 34
Figure 16 Lighting Load Area-wise Distribution ................................................................ 36
Figure 17 Air-Blower Based Ventilation System ............................................................... 41
Figure 18 Swimming Pool Pumping System Schematic .................................................... 49
Figure 19 Khar Gymkhana Jacuzzi Pond Dimensions ........................................................ 54
Figure 20 General Specifications for Solar Thermal Storage Tank ................................... 61
Figure 21 Area-Wise Overall Annual Energy Consumption Comparison .......................... 71
Figure 22 System-Wise Overall Annual Energy Consumption Comparison ...................... 72
Figure 23 Marginal Abatement Cost Curve....................................................................... 75
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 6
1 Introduction The cBalance Solutions Hub (Mumbai, India) was contracted by Khar Gymkhana to conduct a complete thermal and electrical Energy Audit, as well as a partial Water Audit, as the primary step of an objective to transform the institution into a ‘green club’ through conservation of natural resources and reducing environmental impact of their operations. The overarching objectives of the exercise were to: Determine the energy and related cost conservation potential for the Gymkhana’s building facilities based on technological interventions Determine the energy and related cost conservation potential based on architectural interventions (especially related to building envelope/Air Conditioned space insulation) Determine the electrical energy cost reduction potential based on operational process changes (related to reorganizing the scheduling of energy consuming activities) Establish the comparative financial feasibility of proposed alternatives on a life-cycle cost basis. Additionally, the cBalance Solutions Hub determined the GHG mitigation potential for the proposed alternatives to reduce the overall Carbon Footprint of Khar Gymkhana (Scope 1 and Scope 2 Emissions). This assessment culminates in a marco-level Marginal Abatement Cost Curve Analysis.
MACC Curves: An enterprise-specific Marginal GHG Abatement Cost Curve (MACC)
analysis is a key component of an institutionalized Sustainability Strategy. It is designed to
discover the most cost-effective means of mitigating climate change impact through
technological interventions or modifications in management practices. It is a vital decision-
support input for planning capital expenditure on Energy Efficiency, Water Conservation,
Waste Reduction & Management etc. projects in a manner that safeguards the financial
sustainability of the Organization while achieving tangible environmental and socio-
economic sustainability benefits for the planetary ecosystem. The idea is to harvest the
low-hanging fruits first, accumulate the economic benefits from these no-regret options
and then steps through more challenging interventions. In this way, it reduces financial risk
and ensures longevity of the environmental program at large.
MACC Methodology: Costs and benefits are calculated based on real values of
financial parameters such as inflation, interest rates, cost of electricity, energy etc. and
resource conservation benefits of options reflect the enhancement in technological
alternatives available over time.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 7
Figure 1 Fluke Power Analyzer
2 Project Scope The geographical scope of the project comprised execution of a detailed 7-day energy and Water Audit of Khar Gymkhana’s Campus (Mumbai, India). The systems studied and assessed as part of the Energy + Water Audit and Conservation Strategy devising process included the following: HVAC Systems: Split ACs, Cassette ACs, Ductable ACs Lighting Systems: TFL Lights and CFL Bulbs Water Heating Systems: Electrical Geysers Ventillation Systems Pumping Systems Deep-Freezers, Refrigerators and F&B Chillers Water Shower and Toilet Flushing Systems
3 Methodology The field measurement methodology adopted included the following processes and equipments:
Fluke 434 and 435 Power Analyzer: for verifying total connected electrical load of
commercial building (kVA), the overall system Power Factor (PF), and other parameters
including total current drawn (A) and Voltage (V), and measuring electrical parameters
of HVAC equipment clusters - to establish baseline system performance
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 8
Figure 2 MECO Harmonater - Clamp-On Meter
Figure 3 Anemometer for Measuring Flowrate of Air
MECO Harmonater – Clamp-On Meter: for measuring electrical parameters of individual
HVAC equiment - to establish baseline system performance
Lutron Luxmeter: for measuring lux levels on the working planes of the workspaces and
human occupancy areas
Lutron Anemometer: for measuring flowrate (velocity) of condenser cooling air exiting
the outdoor-units to determine the heat rejected by the individual HVAC equipment
(equivalent to delivered cooling – tonnes of refrigeration or TR)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 9
Figure 4 Psychrometer for Measuring Dry Bulb and Wet Bulb Temperature
Psychrometer: for measuring the dry bulb temperature (DBT) and wet bulb temperature
(WBT) of the ambient and condenser-cooling air to establish the enthalpy change across
the condensers of the outdoor units.
Measuring Tape: to measure the diameter of outdoor unit fans to convert air velocity
into mass flow rate.
Ultrasonic Flow meter
Kyoritsu Open fork Clamp On meter
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 10
4 Energy Audit Data Analysis
4.1 Baseline Performance Measurement
4.1.1 Electricity Consumption
Electricity to the campus is provided through a single commercial metered connection from Reliance Energy. The following are the details of the facility’s electrical connection
Meter No. : RI – H952042 Tariff : HT – II Commercial Consumer No : 2044335. Sanctioned / Contract Demand : 400 KVA / KW. Baseline electrical energy consumption was determine through a review of the electric bills paid by the facility over a 12 month period. The electricity bills spanned 2 different Time-of-Day (TOD) Tariff regimes implemented by the utility provider. These have been classified as ‘OLD’ and ‘NEW’ as presented in Table 1 below to distinguish the potential electricity cost savings opportunities available during the currently applicable (Jan 2014 onwards) TOD tariff structure as described later.
Table 1 Energy Bill Summary
Month
TOD Tariff Structure Metered
KWH
Rec. Demand [KVA]
Recorded PF
Bill Amount [Rs.]
Energy Charges [Rs.]
Excess Demand Charges [Rs.]
Excess. Demand [KVA]
PF Incentive [Rs.]
Apr. 14 #NEW 1,76,028.00 668.40 0.999 21,17,966.88 12,95,566.08 80,520.00 268.40 1,32,203.08
Mar. 14 #NEW 52,212.00 577.20 0.997 21,21,567.94 13,88,592.72 53,160.00 177.20 1,34,071.99
Feb. 14 #NEW 1,34,856.00 519.60 0.999 17,55,528.48 11,35,487.52 35,880.00 119.60 1,09,741.51
Jan. 14 #NEW 1,62,732.00 602.40 1.000 21,57,612.08 13,70,203.44 70,840.00 202.40 1,35,389.47
Nov. 13 #OLD 1,78,020.00 613.00 0.999 26,92,396.00 11,78,207.00 1,86,500.00 213.00 1,68,677.20
Oct. 13 #OLD 1,90,368.00 641.00 0.999 28,81,860.00 12,59,929.00 2,00,500.00 241.00 1,80,549.66
Sep. 13 #OLD 1,73,736.00 586.00 1.000 26,15,204.00 11,49,852.00 1,73,000.00 186.00 1,63,828.88
Aug. 13 #OLD 1,73,496.00 558.00 0.999 16,67,846.00 11,48,262.00 1,59,000.00 158.00 1,03,546.06
July 13 #OLD 1,70,208.00 551.00 0.999 16,32,892.00 11,26,501.00 1,55,500.00 151.00 1,01,377.77
June 13 #OLD 1,60,080.00 558.00 1.000 14,27,501.00 8,48,884.40 1,19,250.00 158.00 88,451.61
May 13 #OLD 1,72,884.00 589.00 0.999 15,46,751.00 9,16,780.80 1,30,875.00 189.00 95,849.14
Apr. 13 #OLD 1,52,784.00 580.00 0.997
Energy bill details were not provided by the client for this period
Mar. 13 #OLD 1,41,912.00 499.00 0.998
Feb. 13 #OLD 1,20,420.00 514.00 0.999
Jan. 13 #OLD 1,28,520.00 470.00 0.996
Dec. 12 #OLD 1,41,732.00 570.00 0.956
Nov. 12 #OLD 1,40,580.00 583.00 0.953
Note: The billed Units are 1.978 % more than Metered Units. The currently applicable TOD tariff incentive / disincentive structure is presented in Table 2 below. As indicated by the structure, there exist noteworthy opportunities to re-structure the activity schedule of the campus to minimize consumption during periods of energy consumption penalty charges (peak hours) and shift as much of the electrical energy consuming activities to non-peak hours where there is either no penalty or in fact a reduced energy charge applicable.
Table 2 Current TOD Tariff Structure
Month TOD A (KWH) 9 - 12 Hrs
TOD B (KWH) 18 – 22 Hrs
TOD C (KWH) 22 – 6 Hrs
Incentive / Disincentive
Base Charge + 0.50 Rs./kWh
Base Charge + 1.00 Rs./kWh
Base Charge – 0.75 Rs./kWh
April 14 24240 56340 25044
Mar. 14 22128 52212 24660
Feb. 14 17424 43728 21624
Jan. 14 21038 52704 26508
Base charges effective from 1 July, 2013 to March 2014 (FY 2013-14) are provided in Table 3 below. Total TOD-based tariffs would thus be calculated by summing these base charges with the incentive/disincentive charges presented in the Table 2 above.
Table 3 Base Tariff Structure
Item Rate
Fixed Demand Charge Rs. 200 per kVA per month
Wheeling Charge Rs. 0.89 / kWh
Energy Charge Rs. 6.49 / kWh
4.1.2 Energy Bill Analysis & Trends
The energy bills were available for two periods, a) Nov 2012 to Nov 2013, and b) Jan 2014 to April 2014. The average energy cost being paid by the facility is INR 20.85 Lakh per month and INR 2.503 Crore per year. The assessment of monthly energy bills indicates an average monthly energy consumption (excluding March 2014, which recorded a exceptionally low value and is considered a outlier) of 1,57,397 kWh/month. The highest energy consumption was during August to November (13.5% higher than the average) and low energy consumption was during December to January (21% lower than the average). High energy consumption can be attributed mainly to higher Air Conditioning power during high humidity, temperature period - August to November. The average monthly consumption value of 1,57,397 kWh/month can be taken as present energy benchmark and the goal of the energy conservation process, the ultimate desired outcome of the Energy Audit process, is to identify possibilities for reducing this benchmark energy consumption to the greatest extent feasible. In addition to understanding the average energy consumption profile per month, the power analysis equipment was deployed for the purpose of gauging diurnal patterns of energy consumption i.e. the magnitude and periods of occurrence of maximum and minimum power demand. The time period of assessment for the main feeder (i.e. entire gymkhnana) and for the 2 main sub-feeders supplying energy to the Old and New Gymkhana Buildings was as follows in Table 4.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 13
Table 4 Feeder Assessment (Trending) Time Periods
Item Trending Period
Entire Gymkhana [Main Incomer] 24 hours
Old Building [Main Gate Feeder] 07 Hours [11:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M.]
New Building [New Bldg. – Basement] 02 Hours [12:16 P.M. to 2:16 P.M.]
The results of this assessment is provided in Table 5 and Table 6 below.
Table 5 Daily Active and Reactive Power Consumption Trend
Area Active Power [KW] Reactive Power [kW]
Max. Min Avg. Max. Min Avg.
Entire Gymkhana 164.71 153.39 155.88 183.87 173.10 175.55
Old Building 66.74 50.60 53.45 79.12 59.52 63.22
New Building 118.91 110.89 113.94 121.77 112.10 115.63
Table 6 Daily Active and Apparent Power Consumption Trend
Area Max. Demand (KVA) Time
Min Demand (KVA) Time
Entire Gymkhana 425.00 7:20 PM 84.50 02:20 AM
Old Building 117.70 5:50 PM 18.70 11:20 AM
New Building 251.40 8:32 PM 12.00 01:10 AM
Based on the above tables it is clear that peak loading hours start from 6: 00 P.M. to 11:00 P.M. This is the time when TOD charges are highest. Gymkhana pays substantial amount on account of operations during peak hours.
4.1.3 Area-Wise Energy Consumption Patterns
While understanding the cumulative energy consumption of the physical facilities was vital, it was of even greater significance to dissect this total energy consumption across physical areas as well as energy consuming systems to identify the key energy consuming hotspots in order to be able to integrate them into an energy conservation plan for the campus. To understand the area-wise dissection of total energy consumption, the Client provided energy consumption from 12/07/14 to 18/07/14 for various areas. These details were only partially useful as the readings cover a fractional time span from 7:00 AM to 3:00 PM every day and energy consumption on 13/07/14 was not furnished. In the context of these limitations, the data tabulated below allows the subsequent conclusions to be drawn with respect to the areas of the campus which draw a majority of the power consumed.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 14
Table 7 Daily Area-Wise Energy Consumption Trends (7:00 am to 3:00 pm)
Department
DATE Total Units [KWh] 12/07/14 14/07/14 15/07/14 16/07/14 17/07/14 18/07/14
Gymnasium 266 140 163 350 179 345 1,443
Gents Health Club 95 28 244 166 10 144 687
S/Pool Side 60 44 130 94 48 59 435
Plant Room 32 39 42 75 71 49 308
Ladies Changing Room 32 34 35 61 39 57 258
Inn swinger Bar room 36 39 28 49 38 38 228
Ladies Health Club 25 24 34 40 26 29 178
Billiards 27 8 61 38 0 36 170
Badminton 23 21 19 46 23 35 167
Squash 16 12 4 41 11 45 129
Basement Car Parking 15 16 11 29 13 38 122
Canteen 12 12 0 42 25 28 119
Card Room Light 17 12 13 20 9 14 85
Library 11 5 10 13 16 11 66
Table Tennis 6th floor 0 0 1 0 43 22 66
Canteen Outside 0 7 19 14 10 14 64
Pavilion Restaurant 10 9 8 14 10 9 60
Card Room A/C 1 20 5 14 9 4 53
Gents changing Room 8 0 11 18 0 12 49
Cake Counter 8 5 7 10 12 5 47
Tennis Light 4 2 10 9 10 6 41
Cyber Café 2 0 3 10 0 9 24
Cricket 4 2 6 5 3 4 24
Ice Cream Parlour 3 4 0 8 4 1 20
Melting Pot 3 2 2 4 3 4 18
ATM 2 2 2 3 1 2 12
Old Table Tennis Light 0 0 1 1 0 2 4
Old Table Tennis A/C 0 2 0 0 0 0 2
Old Squash Light 0 0 0 1 1 0 2
Black Dog 0 0 1 0 0 1 2
Old Squash A/C 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Razzberry Juice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cricket Pump 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The area-wise dissection of energy consumption clearly indicates that the key energy consuming hotspots are expected to be Gymnasium, Gents Health Club, Swimming Pool Side Plant Room, Ladies Changing Room, Inn swinger Bar room which are themselves responsible for approximately 70% of the energy consumption of the entire campus. It
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 15
must be noted here that this breakdown is based on manually recorded readings as maintained by the Client’s staff and are not based on recordings by the power analysis equipment utilized for detailed audit of individual systems. It serves as a general validation of the suspected high-energy consuming areas. Since energy conservation plan would have to be designed around improving performance of specific energy consuming equipment, a demand-type wise dissection and micro analysis is more important for the purposes of this Energy Audit and is presented below.
4.1.4 Energy Demand Type-Wise Consumption Patterns
The major sources of energy demand studied during the Energy Audit were the following: Total Lighting Load
Total A/C Load
Hot Water Consumption
Pumping & Swimming Pool Load
Ventilation System Load
Deep-Freezers, Refrigerators and F&B Chillers
Power consumption was measured using field audit equipment and represents primary field data. The results of the load study are tabulated below in descending order of magnitude of power consumption in Table 8 and Figure 5 below. The total load recorded was 568 kW. The overarching conclusion of this is that the AC Load is by the far the most critical component of energy consumption followed narrowly by the Lighting Load. The two sources cumulatively contribute approximately 85% of the total energy demand of the Khar Gymkhana campus. Water heating equipment, pumps and ventillation Fans (for non-HVAC cooled areas), and refrigeration equipment contribute approximately 15% to the energy demand.
Table 8 Energy Demand Type-wise Consumption Pattern
Load Details Power Consumption [KW]
AC Load 269.33
Lighting Load 210.39
Boilers & Steam Generators 42.03
Pumps 24.02
Ventilation Fan 22.39
TOTAL LOAD 568.16
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 16
Figure 5 Energy Consumption by Load Type
4.1.5 Fuel Consumption Patterns
The only fossil fuel type used by the campus is Piped Natural Gas provided by the local gas utility. Details of the monthly gas consumption are presented in Table 9 and Table 10 below. The gas is used primarily for cooking purposes for the food & beverage services provided by the Gymkhana.
Table 9 PNG Bill Summary
Period Consumption (SCM) Total Bill Amount (Rs)
Feb – 14 6903 5, 40, 786.00
Jan – 14 4245 2, 75, 633.00
Dec – 13 7842 4, 79, 645.00
Nov – 13 6938 4, 44, 500.00
Oct – 13 6881 4, 14, 309.00
Sep – 13 7210 4, 08, 897.00
Aug – 13 3410 1, 85, 796.00
July – 13 5931 3, 12, 305.00
June – 13 4682 2, 58, 830.00
May -13 4292 2, 50, 355.00
Apr -13 4463 2, 36, 818.00
AC Load 48%
Lighting Load 37%
Boilers & Steam Generators
7%
Pumps 4%
Ventilation Fan 4%
Energy Consumption by Load Type - Khar Gymkhana 2014
AC Load
Lighting Load
Boilers & Steam Generators
Pumps
Ventilation Fan
Total Load = 568.16 kW
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 17
Table 10PNG Consumption Details
Date Meter No. Gas Cons. [SCM]
Charge [Rs.] Basic Price [Rs. / SCM]
Rate Variations
28/02/2014 2735550 1227.00
257,114.00 70.45 Stable Rate 5239767 2014.00
13/02/2014 2735550 1358.00
283,672.00 57.63 30/01/2014 to 31/01/2014
5239767 2304.00 70.45 01/02/2014 to 13/02/2014
29/01/2014 2735550 1685.00
275,633.00 57.63 Stable Rate 5239767 2560.00
29/01/2014 2735550 1685.00
275,633.00 57.63 Stable Rate 5239767 2560.00
29/12/2013 2735550 1791.00
259,819.00 54.21 Stable Rate 5239767 2460.00
13/12/2013 2735550 1428.00
219,826.00 57.07 30/11/2013 to 31/11/2013
5239767 2163.00 54.21 01/12/2013 to 13/12/2013
29/11/2013 2735550 1286.00
223,144.00 57.07 Stable Rate 5239767 2188.00
13/11/2013 2735550 1272.00
221,356.00 53.57 30/10/2013 to 31/10/2013
5239767 2192.00 57.07 01/11/2013 to 13/11/2013
29/10/2013 2735550 1343.00
224,854.00 53.57 Stable Rate 5239767 2388.00
13/10/2013 2735550 1051.00
189,455.00 50.32 30/09/2013 to 31/09/2013
5239767 2099.00 53.57 01/10/2013 to 13/10/2013
29/09/2013 2735550 1204.00
204,022.00 50.32 Stable Rate 5239767 2400.00
13/09/2013 2735550 1213.00
204,875.00 47.86 30/08/2013 to 31/08/2013
5239767 2393.00 50.32 01/09/2013 to 13/09/2013
13/08/2013 2735550 1338.00
185,796.00 46.28 30/07/2013 to 31/07/2013
5239767 2072.00 47.28 01/08/2013 to 13/08/2013
29/07/2013 2735550 1128.00
150,468.00 46.28 Stable Rate 5239767 1762.00
13/07/2013 2735550 1260.00
161,837.00 48.36 30/06/2013 to 31/06/2013
5239767 1781.00 46.28 01/07/2013 to 13/07/2013
29/06/2013 2735550 1062.00
132,422.00 48.36 Stable Rate 5239767 1372.00
13/06/2013 2735550 1373.00
126,408.00 51.27 30/05/2013 to 31/05/2013
5239767 875.00 48.36 01/06/2013 to 13/06/2013
29/05/2013 2735550 1495.00
142,689.00 51.27 Stable Rate 5239767 978.00
13/05/2013 2735550 1072.00
107,666.00 45.92 30/04/2013 to 31/04/2013
5239767 747.00 51.27 01/05/2013 to 13/05/2013
29/04/2013 2735550 1538.00
137,234.00 45.92 Stable Rate 5239767 1116.00
13/04/2013 2735550 1062.00
99,584.00 48.03 30/03/2013 to 31/03/2013
5239767 747 45.92 01/04/2013 to 13/04/2013
The above assessment indicates that the average monthly Natural Gas consumption is 5,708.82 SCM with a maximum and minimum range of 6,903.00 SCM and 3,410.00 SCM per month, respectively.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 18
4.2 System-Wise Energy Performance Assessment & Energy Conservation Opportunities
4.2.1 Load Curve Management
The most overarching analysis conducted during the Energy Audit related to the potential for reducing energy cost for the Client without any additional expenditure on equipment or modifying operation processes. This is in recognition of the fact that rescheduling energy consuming activities which afford flexibility (such as municipal water pumping, hot water generation etc.) to occur during off-peak hours can lead to direct savings through alignment with the TOD tariff incentive time-table. As presented earlier, the TOD tariff structure incentivizes energy consumption during the off-peak hours of 10 pm to 6 am. The analysis of possible energy cost conservation opportunities is presented in Table 11 below:
Table 11 TOD Tariff Loss/Gain Summary
Month TOD A (KWH) 9 - 12 Hrs
TOD B (KWH) 18 – 22 Hrs
TOD C (KWH) 22 – 6 Hrs
Incentive / Disincentive
Base Charge + 0.50 Rs./kWh
Base Charge + 1.00 Rs./kWh
Base Charge – 0.75 Rs./kWh
April 14 24240 56340 25044
Mar. 14 22128 52212 24660
Feb. 14 17424 43728 21624
Jan. 14 21038 52704 26508
Amount (INR) INR 42,415 (Loss) INR 2,04,984 (Loss) INR 73,377 (Credit)
The above analysis indicates that the Client currently suffers an increased energy cost of INR 7.50 lakh1 approximately annually due to energy consumption during peak periods of 9 am to 12 noon and 6 pm to 10 pm. While it might not be possible to shift many of the operations (especially HVAC and lighting operations) to off-peak hours, it would be beneficial to identify all non-essential activities that can be re-scheduled to take advantage of TOD tariff incentives. Our analysis of peak loads indicate that the peak loads for the 3 feeders, Main, Old Building and New Building are presented in Table 12 as follows:
Table 12 Feeder Assessment (Trending) Time Periods
Item Peak Load Period
Entire Gymkhana [Main Incomer] 6:30 PM to 10: 00 PM
Old Building [Main Gate Feeder] 1:20 PM to 9:40 PM
New Building [New Bldg. – Basement] 4:30 PM to 10:30 PM & 6:15 AM to 12:30 PM
Significant opportunities for cost reduction exist if operational rescheduling of activities is undertaken as per the following recommendations:
1 extrapolating the 4 month analysis to 12 months
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 19
4.2.2 HVAC System
4.2.2.1 HVAC Performance Assessment
Air Conditioning systems transfer the heat energy from the building environment to the atmosphere. Energy in the form of electricity is used to power mechanical equipment designed to transfer heat from a colder, low energy level to a warmer, high energy level. Technical literature related to HVAC system design indicates that a temperature band of 22 ⁰C – 25 ⁰C with a relative humidity of 55% is the most appropriate combination for human comfort. Furthermore, research by the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) specifies that an indoor temperature of 240C is ideal for thermal comfort for Indians. The goal of this pivotal component of the Energy Audit was to optimize the Air Conditioning system to deliver the comfort in the most economical manner by examining and enhancing technical performance parameters of the existing equipment, recommending economically feasible overhauls, and operation and maintenance protocols being followed. The Air Conditioning Systems at Khar Gymkhana account for nearly 48% of the total load on the electrical system. The total installed load is 430.2 TR and it represents the most critical component of the energy management and conservation plan that emerges as the outcome of this Energy Audit. The installed loads across the spectrum of AC system types is presented below.
Khar Gymkhana may plan electricity usage such that maximum power consumption
is during 06:00 to 09:00 hrs and 12:00 to 18: 00 hrs followed by consumption during
09:00 to 12:00 hrs.
Avoid usage during 18:00 to 22: 00 hrs as far as possible
Increase usage during 22:00 to 06:00 hrs
Review reason for a relatively high night time load in the range of 84 kVA which
indicates potential for switching off unused equipment, appliance, fixtures etc.
Planning of activities in the above manner would curtail revenue loss on account of
TOD. The total annual penalty for peak-hour consumption is approximately INR 7.50
lakh. Impacting this by 30% would lead to annual savings of INR 4.18 lakh per year.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 20
Table 13 Installed AC Load Summary
Type of Air Conditioners
Rated TR
1 1.5 2 3.7 5 10 20 30 Total TR
Window 3 2 5 16
Split 2 32 67
Ductable 2 3 5 8 229
Tower 6 22.2
Cassette 8 16
Packaged AHU 2 2 80
Total TR 3 6 94 22.2 15 70 160 60 430.2
The tabulation of installed AC loads indicates that the majority installed ACs are 2 TR ACs (spanning window, split and cassette ACs primarily), 10 TR and 20 TR ductable ACs which function like large split-unit ACs. The distribution amongst AC types in terms of cooling capacity is presented in Figure 6 below.
Figure 6 HVAC Load AC Type-wise Distribution
As is evident from the chart, in terms of installed capacity large size Ductable ACs and Packaged AHUs comprise a bulk (~ 72%) of the cooling load with Split ACs representing the third largest component at 16%.
Window3.7%
Split15.6%
Ductable53.2%
Tower5.2%
Cassette3.7%
Packaged AHU18.6%
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - AC Type-Wise HVAC Load Distribution
Window
Split
Ductable
Tower
Cassette
Packaged AHU
Total Cooling Capacity= 430.2 TR
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 21
Detailed measurements, calculations and results of individual equipment analysis is presented in Annexure 1 of the report. The overall performance assessment of the HVAC system (classified as Small ACs which are of less than 5 TR capacity and Large ACs greater than 5 TR) in its current state is presented in Table 14 below. While the total installed capacity is 430 TR, only 356 TR was possible to assess during the Energy Audit since the other equipment was not ON during the period of assessment (either due to insufficient cooling load or malfunctioning equipment).
Table 14 HVAC System Performance Summary
Scenario Total Cap. (TR)
Avg. kW/TR
Avg. EER
Avg. Star Rating
Oper. hrs./day
Energy Consump. (kWh/yr.)2
Demand kVA)
Energy Cost (INR/yr.)
GHG Emiss. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Large AC (> 5 TR)
221.9 1.00 3.51 5 Star 10 5,34,970 296.1 70,88,348.4 668.7
Small ACs (< 5 TR)
134.20 1.48 2.37 No Star 8 3,81,618 264.0 50,56,434.1 477.0
Total 356.1 9,16,587.4 560.1 1,21,44,782.5 1,145.7
The assessment indicates that Khar Gymkhana incurs an annual energy consumption of approximately 9.17 lakh units of electricity and an energy cost of INR 1.21 crore per year as a consequence of HVAC system operation. The cumulative demand (if all equipment were functioning simultaneously) from ACs is 560 kVA and the resulting GHG emissions are 1,146 tonnes of CO2e/year. Small ACs represent nearly 38% of the installed capacity and lead to nearly 42% of the energy consumption from HVAC while Large ACs comprise 62% of the capacity and cause 58% of the energy consumption. The area-wise energy consumption and installed AC capacity is presented in the figure below. The results make it clear that there is a direct correlation between the installed cooling capacity and the estimated annual energy consumption. The 5 most significant contributors to HVAC energy consumption are Presidential Hall, Badminton Court, 4th, Floor Gym, Pavillion Restaurant, and the Card Room which cumulatively represent more than 50% of the annual energy consumption on Air Conditioning.
2 Energy consumption is calculated based on 365 days/year operation and a ‘diversity’ factor of 66% which in this case is taken to be the compressor ON time percentage based on part load operation due to occupancy and seasonal outdoor temperature and humidity variation.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 22
Figure 7 HVAC Area-Wise Energy Consumption & Installed Capacity
The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) provides guidelines through parameters like TR / m², KW/TR to check the effectiveness and health of the installation. The Table 15 below gives the section wise details of all AC systems on the campus across these key-performance indicators (KPIs) mentioned above. The analysis indicated that the average energy efficiency of the smaller ACs is relatively low at 2.37 while the energy efficiency of the larger ACs is generally higher at 4.06. This indicates a clear opportunity for energy savings from the small ACs through replacement, retrofit etc. Interestingly, as indicated in the analysis presented below, while the overall energy efficiency of the larger ACs is high there are many of the specific ACs who’s notably low energy efficiency ratios are offset by the high EER’s of some of the other ACs. Thus, there are also opportunities for savings from some of these ACs. To clarify this potential, the % ‘inefficient’ and ‘efficient’ AC capacity across small and large ACs was calculated. ‘Efficient’ ACs were defined as those with a field-measured EER that would qualify for at least a BEE 3-Star Rating (EER of 2.9 to 3.1). Those with lower field-measured EERs were classified as ‘Inefficient’. The conclusion of this assessment is provided in Figure 8 below. The chart clearly indicates that the percentage of efficient equipment is higher for small ACs (approximately 62%) while efficient capacity amongst the larger ACs is only 45%. This illustrates the potential for energy conservation amongst the larger ductable and packaged AHU HVAC systems.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
1,00,000
Inst
alle
d (T
est
ed
) C
apac
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(TR
)
An
nu
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ne
rgy
Co
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tio
n (
kW
h/y
ear
)Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - HVAC Area-Wise Energy Consumption Summary
Energy Consumption (kWh/yr.) Total Installed Tested Capacity (TR)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 23
Figure 8 Efficient vs. Inefficient AC Capacity Comparison for Small and Large ACs
The area-wise EER calculated based on field measurements is presented in the chart below and in the subsequent table along with other parameters. As is evident, there is a notable proportion of the facility’s areas which are being served by relatively inefficient ACs (i.e. those with a equivalent BEE Star Rating of less than 3). Contrastingly, some of the better performing ACs in the system are the ones serving the Presidential Hall, 4th Floor Gym, and Pavilion Restaurant, Card Room and the Black Dog Restaurant & Bar.
Figure 9 Area vs. EER Summary
83.4100.0
50.8
121.9
0.0
25.0
50.0
75.0
100.0
125.0
150.0
175.0
200.0
225.0
250.0
Small AC Large AC
Co
olin
g C
apac
ity
(TR
)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - HVAC Efficient Capacity Summary
Efficient Capacity (TR) Infficient Capacity (TR)
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
EER
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - HVAC Area vs. Energy Efficiency Ratio Summary
3 Star Rating Min EER Threashold
Table 15 HVAC System Key-Performance Indicator Summary
Area Floor Area (m2)
Installed TR
Delivered TR
Delivered TR/m²
Rating (Cooling Delivered/m2)
Rec. Temp [0C]
Rating (Temperature)
EER Equivalent BEE Star Rating
Presidential Hall 170.6 36.0 41.0 0.240 Excessive 23.0 OK 3.58 5 Star
Badminton Court 460.3 30.0 9.8 0.021 Insufficient 26.0 High Temp. 1.26 No Star
4th Floor Gym 230.8 39.8 29.7 0.129 OK 20.0 Low Temp. 3.57 5 Star
Pavillion Rest. 198.5 24.0 40.9 0.206 Excessive 23.5 OK 5.48 5 Star
Card Room 235.9 24.0 39.9 0.169 Excessive 23.0 OK 5.85 5 Star
Black Dog Bar & Rest. 166.2 22.4 23.0 0.138 Excessive 24.0 OK 3.60 5 Star
Melting Pot Rest. 188.5 20.0 10.1 0.053 Insufficient 26.0 High Temp. 1.70 No Star
Billiards Room 237.0 21.9 11.9 0.050 Insufficient 22.5 OK 2.08 No Star
TT Department 308.0 20.0 13.7 0.045 Insufficient 24.5 OK 2.45 No Star
5th Floor Squash Court 260.2 20.0 3.2 0.012 Insufficient 25.0 High Temp. 0.63 No Star
Ballantines Bar 63.4 10.0 6.1 0.096 OK 27.0 High Temp. 2.65 1 Star
Yoga Room 64.2 4.0 5.9 0.091 OK 25.0 High Temp. 2.44 No Star
Conference Room 49.4 5.5 3.5 0.070 Insufficient Temp. not measured
High Temp. 3.25 4 Star
Note: 1. Std. TR/m2 estimated based on 1 TR of cooling load required per 100 sq. ft in warm and humid climatic zones 2. A deviation of more than 20% from the Std. TR/m2 was considered for assessment of insufficient or excessive cooling 3. An ambient indoor temperature range of 220C to 250C was accepted as OK. Temperatures above or below that were considered as low or high.
The KPI analysis presented above leads to the following conclusions:
The Presidential Hall, Pavillion, Black Dog Bar & Restaurant, Ballantine Bar and Card
Room areas have more than adequate TR/m2 being delivered need no further
attention.
There seems to be inadequate cooling delivered to Squash Court, Melting Pot
Restaurant, Table Tennis Room, Conference Room, Badminton Court, and Billiards
Room.
Of the spaces where inadequate cooling is occurring, the Badminton Court and
Billiards Room have inadequate installed capacity (i.e. insufficient TR installed).
The Squash Court, Melting Pot Restaurant, Table Tennis Room, and Conference
Room are experiencing inadequate cooling because of poor system design and
operational inefficiency.
The kW/TR assessment (a measure of the energy efficiency of the ACs) indicates that
the Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) of the ACs in the Yoga Room (Split Unit ACs),
Melting Pot Restaurant (Ductable ACs), Ballantine Bar (Ductable ACs), Table Tennis
Department (Ductable ACs), Badminton Court (Packaged AHUs) Billiards Rooms
(Packaged AHUs), and the 2 Split ACs in the 1st Floor Card Room is very poor and the
equipment is highly inefficient. All but one set of these ACs demonstrate a measured
energy efficiency that do not equate to even a 1 Star rating as per the BEE’s Star
Rating System for energy efficiency while the Ballantine Bar AC demonstrates a poor
1-Star efficiency.
The recorded temperature in the Gymnasium area is amongst the lowest of the
entire campus. This is contrary to the perceived temperature and comfort issues as
reported by users of this facility. The audit process leads to the conclusion that the
perceived sub-optimal performance is an outcome of elevated body temperature,
inadequate air-movement within the space which undermines the perceived
‘evaporative’ cooling effect (even while ambient temperatures are sufficiently cool),
and excessive solar heat gain through the windows.
The overarching recommendations from this key component of the Energy Audit are presented below.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 26
Figure 10 Outdoor Units Installed Under the Beam
4.2.2.2 HVAC Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities
Gymnasium The temperature set point to be increased from the present level of 20⁰C.
There is heavy heat ingress from the glass on from both the sides of the gym. Proper
insulation using Spectrally Selective Window Films will reduce heat load and thereby lead to
substantial savings. After the implementation of the recommendation, tower ACs might not
be required.
Inspite of the low temperature of 20⁰C in the gym, there were complaints of low cooling.
We recommend a mild draft of air in the room which will tend to give a “feel good effect” to
the members. This can be achieved through installation of floor fans at strategically placed
locations based on consultation with regular occupants.
There is heat ingress every time the gym entrance door is opened by the members for entry.
However considering the fact that there is no provision for fresh air inlet inside the gym, this
loss needs to be overlooked.
Presidential Hall All the outdoor field units have been installed under the beam which is hampering the flow
of hot air. A duct needs to be provided to guide the air flow such as the beam does not
obstruct the free blow of the hot air.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 27
Figure 11 Ducts for Hot Air
For Squash Court, Melting Pot Restaurant, Ballantine Bar, Table Tennis Department, Badminton Court and Billiards Room Inefficiency of the equipment and and/or poor cooling in these spaces might be due to
significant obstructions to air flow in the air handling ducts. Upon field investigation it was
learnt that these ducts have likely never been cleaned or undergone rigorous maintenance
since initial installation. It is recommended that this be undertaken immediately through
professional duct-cleaning services to harness low-hanging fruit opportunities for energy
savings without any capital investment.
All inefficient Packaged AHU and Ductable ACs of Melting Pot Restaurant, Squash Court and
Billiards Room must be replaced with Hybrid Direct-Indirect Evaporative Cooling Packaged
AHU system. Details about the recommended replacement solution (TORO Cooling Solutions
Hybrid AC Technology) are presented in Annexure 1. The comprehensive technical,
environmental and payback period assessment of this proposed intervention is presented in
Table 17 below.
For Yoga Room and Card Room All the inefficient split ACs of the Yoga and Card Room should be replaced with 5-Star Rated
ACs . The comprehensive technical, environmental and payback period assessment of this
proposed intervention is presented in Table 17 below.
For all Packaged Air Conditioners The insulation of the copper pipes from the outdoor units to the indoor units has been
deteriorated. There is heavy condensation and water retention in the insulation leading to
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 28
Figure 12 Detoriated Insulation Copper Pipes
Figure 13 Overlapping Wires
losses. With the replacement of the old insulation, rooms will get cooler faster and the set
point cutoff temperature will be reached earlier, thereby saving electrical energy.
For all Units Rated 5 TR and above In addition to the above mentioned points, it is necessary that meticulous and timely
routine maintenance helps effective capacity utilization and hence power consumption
close to optimal. This involves regular monitoring of gas pressures and refills if necessary,
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 29
cleaning of filters and washing of radiator fins of the outdoor units. All the above measures
would lead to estimated energy savings of about 2% based on the experience. The energy
and cost savings analysis for this is presented in Table 17 below.
For all Units Rated less than 5 TR All 2 TR Cassette and Split ACs that are functioning at a EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) of less
than 3 Star and/or are more than 5 years old are recommended for immediate replacement
by 5 Star-rated ACs
Electronic energy savers are available in the market, which work on the principle of acting as
an override over the built in thermostat to use up energy storage in the cooling coils to turn
down frequent cycling of compressor thereby saving energy consumption. The
manufacturers claim 25% to 30% energy savings. Here, to be on the conservative side,
energy saving of 10 % is considered.
The total benefits that will accrue to Khar Gymkhana from the proposed improvement are summarized in Table 16 below. The subsequent Table 17 provides details of the analysis conducted for each Air Conditioned space warranting an Energy Audit review to arrive at the potential for annual energy savings from HVAC system efficiency improvements.
Table 16 Overall HVAC Energy and Cost Conservation Summary
Parameter Value Units
Capital Cost 1,03,42,277 INR
Energy Conservation 4,15,807 kWh/year
Demand Reduction 33.5 kVA
GHG Mitigation 519.8 MT CO2e
Cost Savings 63,46,307 INR/year
Payback Period 1.9 year
Assumptions: Energy Cost = 13.25 Rs./kWh Excess Demand Penalty Charges = 300 Rs./kVa/month GHG Emission Factor for Electricity in India (including T&D Losses) = 1.25 kg CO2e/kWh Power Factor of all AC equipment = 0.75
Table 17 HVAC Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from HVAC Equipment Replacement, Retrofit & Maintenance
BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Savings
Scenario Rated Cap. (TR)
Nos. of Units
hrs./yr Eff. (EER)
Eff. (EER)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings - Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conserv. (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Yoga Room 2 2 1927 2.44 3.40 1,31,960 49,199 2.68 3,126 3.91
Melting Pot Rest. 20 1 2409 1.70 4.62 12,85,714 9,59,782 1.34 62,967 78.71
Billiards Room 20 1 2409 2.08 4.62 12,85,714 6,82,215 1.88 44,757 55.95
Card Room 2 1 1927 1.56 3.40 65,980 73,931 0.89 4,697 5.87
Card Room 2 1 1927 1.69 3.40 65,980 63,409 1.04 4,028 5.04
Squash Court 20 1 2409 1.70 4.62 12,85,714 9,59,782 1.34 62,967 78.71
Ballantine Bar 20 1 2409 2.65 4.62 12,85,714 4,15,122 3.10 27,234 34.04
Table Tennis Dept. 20 2 2409 2.45 4.62 25,71,429 9,89,371 2.60 64,909 81.14
Badminton Court 20 1.5 2409 1.70 4.62 19,28,571 14,39,672 1.34 94,451 118.06
Maint. Improv. (Large ACs)
20 10 2409 4.06 4.06 0 1,10,601 0.00 8,347 10.43
Energy Saver Retrofit (Small ACs)
2 67 1927 2.37 2.63 4,35,500 6,03,224 0.72 38,323 47.90
Total / Avg. 1,03,42,277 63,46,307 1.93 4,15,807 519.8
4.2.3 Lighting System
4.2.3.1 Lighting System Performance Assessment
The 2nd most critical load imposed on the energy system at the facility is the Lighting Load. The lighting load across the facility is 210.4 kW. Lighting is an essential service required by occupants of indoor and outdoor spaces and is designed to perform and functional and aesthetic role as per specific requirements that are addressed during the lighting system design phase. The intensity levels [lux] required by occupants vary with application and area of usage. There are recommendations provided by the BEE to evaluate the efficacy of the lighting installed in spaces as a function of use cases. Based on these recommendations Installed Load Efficacy Ratios [ILER] have been calculated and listed in Table 18 below for major indoor areas of the facility. The table also indicates a priority list of areas that need immediate attention to achieve immediate energy and cost reduction.
Table 18 ILER Based Assessment of Area wise Lighting
Area Actual ILER Assessment
Gym 0.14
Gents Health Club Locker 0.12
Yoga Room 0.56
Pavilion Restaurant 0.07
Squash Court 0.22
TT Department 0.45
Black Dog 0.11
Badminton Court 0.28
Badminton Court Gents Changing Room 0.11
Badminton Court Ladies Changing Room 0.1
Basement Passage 0.03
1st Floor Card Room 0.34
Billiard Room downside 1.27
1st Floor Bar 0.028
ILER Assessment Color
0.75 or more Satisfactory / Good
0.51 - 0.74 Review Suggested
0.5 or less Urgent Action Required
Commonly encountered Reasons for Low ILER are the following:
Use of low efficacy lamps
Less efficient luminaries
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 32
Improper layout of fittings
Usage of high lux levels as compared to the recommended guidelines
Usage of low efficacy lamps and improper selection of lux levels / improper layout seems to be the most common reason for low ILER in the Gymkhana. Lighting technology advancement since the advent of CFL, LED bulbs provide opportunities for significant energy savings through equipment replacement. A listing of high energy efficiency lighting devices and their respective efficiency attributes (lumens/watt) is provided in Table 19 below.
Table 19 Lamp Efficiency Metrics
Type Lumen / Watts
PL 60
FTL 25
Bulb 15
CFL 60
Halogen spot light 25
LED 75
T5 25
Metal Halide 75
Halogen FL 80
Extensive field measurements with Lux Meters were carried out through out the indoor and outdoor spaces of the facility and these measurements and primary analysis is tabulated in Annexure 2. A summary of the lighting fixture types that comprise the lighting load, the respective load, and their consequent energy consumption is presented in the Table 20 below:
Table 20 Fixture-Wise Lighting Load and Energy Consumption Summary
Fixture Type Qty. Load (kW) Energy Cons. (kWh/yr.)
Energy Cost (Rs./yr)
PL Lamp 1,263 22 61,854 8,19,570
CFL 133 3 4,738 62,784
LED 236 4 12,255 1,62,372
Metal Halide Lamps 380 122 1,69,506 22,45,955
Halogen 198 19 37,714 4,99,706
FTL 795 32 1,24,555 16,50,351
T5 Tube 187 4 11,305 1,49,788
GLS Lamp 57 3 13,410 1,77,684
Total 3,249 210.43 4,35,337 57,68,210
The assessment indicates that Khar Gymkhana has 3,249 lighting fixtures leading to an annual energy consumption of approximately 4.35 lakh units of electricity and leading to an energy cost of INR 57.7 lakh per year. The majority of the load comprises of energy
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 33
Figure 14 Metal Halide Lamps Used at the Tennis Court
intensive Metal Halide Lamps used at the Tennis Courts and Cricket Ground, followed by the Fluorescent Tube Lights and PL Lamps used across the facility.
It is noteworthy that approximately 10% of the lighting load of the facility is comprised of highly inefficient GLS Lamps and Halogen Spotlights which also have a very short lifespan and require frequent replacement. This distribution of lighting load by fixture type is provided in Figure 15 below.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 34
Figure 15 Lighting Load Fixture Type-wise Distribution
The assessment also allowed for lighting load to be determined per physical area of the facility. This distribution by area is presented in the Table 21 and Figure 16 below. The analysis indicates that a majority of the lighting load (80% of total load) is generated by the following areas of which the Tennis Court and Cricket Ground comprise a majority of the load (57% of the total facility’s load):
Tennis Court
Cricket Ground
4th Floor Gym
4th Floor Terrace
Squash Court
Badminton Court
Lobbies and Staircases
Melting Pot Restaurant
CFL1.3%
FTL15.2%
GLS Lamp1.6%
Halogen9.3%
LED2.0%
Metal Halide Lamps57.9%
PL Lamp10.7%
T5 Tube0.8%
T8 Tube1.2%
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - Fixture Type-Wise Lighting Load Distribution
CFL
FTL
GLS Lamp
Halogen
LED
Metal Halide Lamps
PL Lamp
T5 Tube
T8 Tube
Total Lighting Load = 210.43 kW
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 35
Table 21 Area-Wise Lighting Load and Energy Consumption Summary
Area Name Qty. Load (kW) Load % Energy Cons. (kWh/yr.)
Energy Cost (Rs./yr)
Tennis Court 272 87.04 41.4% 1,32,373 17,53,947
Cricket Ground 104 33.28 15.8% 35,429 4,69,439
4th Floor Gym 306 9.96 4.7% 18,170 2,40,749
4th Floor Terrace 49 8.81 4.2% 3,215 42,598
Squash Court 278 8.17 3.9% 38,776 5,13,784
Badminton Court 180 7.35 3.5% 42,936 5,68,898
Lobbies and Staircases 256 5.95 2.8% 11,845 1,56,946
Melting Pot Restaurant 108 5.88 2.8% 22,539 2,98,641
T/T Dept. 158 5.54 2.6% 18,186 2,40,961
Ladies Spa & Saloon 120 4.19 2.0% 14,857 1,96,855
Pavilion Restaurant 90 4.01 1.9% 12,432 1,64,723
Basement 117 3.95 1.9% 24,758 3,28,043
Swimming Pool 225 3.71 1.8% 6,608 87,555
Presidential Hall 153 3.18 1.5% 6,960 92,218
Card Room 200 2.47 1.2% 6,306 83,551
Black Dog Bar & Restaurant 85 2.28 1.1% 4,159 55,109
Gents Health Club 86 2.02 1.0% 7,827 1,03,709
Billiards Room 55 1.97 0.9% 4,681 62,022
Old Table Tennis Dept. 41 1.65 0.8% 4,509 59,740
Terrace Outdoor Gym 4 1.60 0.8% 1,703 22,569
Conference Room 28 1.20 0.6% 1,971 26,116
Reception Lobby 62 1.03 0.5% 2,619 34,705
Library Dept. 44 0.98 0.5% 1,255 16,622
Main Gate 28 0.68 0.3% 1,245 16,492
Yoga Room 36 0.65 0.3% 710 9,402
Accounts Dept. 16 0.58 0.3% 2,733 36,214
1st Floor Bar 27 0.50 0.2% 1,099 14,567
Tennis Club 18 0.44 0.2% 639 8,473
Main Office Dept. 32 0.35 0.2% 1,413 18,726
1st Floor Passage 8 0.31 0.1% 1,452 19,239
Fitness Zone & Passage 16 0.29 0.1% 420 5,571
Trustee Office 24 0.26 0.1% 1,060 14,044
Cyber Cafe 10 0.08 0.0% 321 4,256
Ballantines Bar 13 0.07 0.0% 130 1,729
Total 3,249 210.43 100% 4,35,337 57,68,210
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 36
Tennis Court41.4%
Cricket Ground15.8%
4th Floor Gym4.7%
4th Floor Terrace4.2%
Squash Court3.9%
Badminton Court3.5%
Lobbies and Staircases
2.8%
Melting Pot Restaurant
2.8%
Others20.9%
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - Area-Wise Lighting Load Distribution
Tennis Court
Cricket Ground
4th Floor Gym
4th Floor Terrace
Squash Court
Badminton Court
Lobbies and Staircases
Melting Pot Restaurant
Others
Total Lighting Load = 210.43 kW
Figure 16 Lighting Load Area-wise Distribution
4.2.3.2 Lighting Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities
Table 22 to Table 28 below provide area wise annual energy cost saving possibilities by usage of High Efficacy Lamps and reduction in Lux (swimming pool pathway & staircase landings in new building), for indoor and outdoor spaces, respectively. There are also immediate energy savings possible through direct removal of excess lighting in various spaces of the facility; these are also analyzed and presented in the tables below. Savings in outdoor locations is based on usage of High Efficacy LED Lamps to replace the existing Metal Halide Lamps. Recommendation of new lighting scheme for Tennis Courts and Cricket ground and Details of the recommended high efficiency lighting system for the Tennis Courts and Cricket Ground are presented in Annexure 2. The specific lighting load recommendations for immediate implementation are as follows:
Table 22 Light Fittings to be removed
Area Reference Qty, Type & Wattage Removal Qty. (Nos.)
New Bldg. - 8th Floor Terrace lobby 11 Nos., 11 W , PL Lamps 6
New Bldg. - 7th Floor Ballantine Bar Lounge Entrance Mumbai
21 Nos., 12V, 50 W, Halogen Spotlights
17
New Bldg. – 5th Floor Squash Court & Hall Lobby 12 Nos., 1 x 36 W FTL 12
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 37
Cove Fittings
Old Bldg. – Reception Lobby Area 24 Nos., 2 x 18 W, PL Lamps 6
Table 23 List of Light Fittings to be replaced with High Efficiency Lights
Area Reference
Existing Fittings Recom. Fittings
Qty, Type & Wattage Qty, Type & Wattage
Outdoor Cricket Stadium 52 Nos., 2 x 320 W, Metal Halide Lamps
40 Nos., 180 W LED, Floodlights
Outdoor Tennis Court - A 64 Nos., 2 x 320 W, Metal Halide Lamps
64 Nos., 180W LED Floodlights
Outdoor Tennis Court - B 72 Nos., 2 x 320 W, Metal Halide Lamps
64 Nos., 180 W LED Floodlights
New Bldg. – 4th Floor Terrace (Opposite Squash Hall)
8 Nos., 1000 W, Halogen
5 Nos., 180 W LED Flood lights
New Bldg. – 8th Floor Terrace Outdoor Gym
4 Nos., 400 W, Metal Halide Lamps
4 Nos.,120 W LED Flood lights
New Bldg. – Ground Floor Pavillion Restaurant side lobby and lift lobby
8 Nos.,12V, 50 W, Halogen Spotlights 8 Nos., 21 W
Table 24 List of Light Fittings to be reduced in Wattage
Area Reference
Existing Fittings Recom. Fittings
Qty, Type & Wattage Qty, Type & Wattage
Swimming Pool Pathway Lights
10 Nos., 20 W, CFL Bay Lights
10 Nos., 10 W CFL Bay Lights
New Bldg. – 4th Floor Terrace (Opposite to Squash Hall)
35 Nos., 20 W, CFL Bay Lights
35 Nos., 10 W CFL Bay Lights
Table 25 Lighting Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement (Indoor)
Location ANNUAL
Wastage based on ILER [Rs.]
Gym 3, 31, 121.00
Squash Court 2, 31, 326.00
TT 58, 758.00
Misc. 1, 89, 081.00
TOTAL 8,10, 286.00
Table 26 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement (Outdoor) BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Savings
Scenario Details Rated Capacity (lumens)
hrs./yr Eff. (lum/kW)
Eff. (lum/kW)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Pavillion Rest. Lobby and Lift Lobby
Halogen to LED 1,050 1,825 21,000 78,000 21,951 8,238 2.66 533 0.7
Cricket Ground Metal Halide to LED
14,769 1,065 46,154 85,567 23,92,728 4,33,094 5.52 25,465 31.8
Tennis Court A Metal Halide to LED
14,769 1,521 46,154 85,567 38,28,365 6,27,529 6.10 39,516 49.4
Tennis Court B Metal Halide to LED
14,769 1,521 46,154 85,567 38,28,365 7,51,180 5.10 47,303 59.1
4th Floor Terrace Halogen to LED 21,000 365 21,000 85,567 5,01,906 53,341 9.41 2,203 2.8
8th Floor Terrace Outdoor Gym
Metal Halide to LED
18,462 1,065 46,154 85,567 2,86,596 13,344 21.48 785 1.0
Overall Replacement T12 to T5 Tubelights
1,944 3,203 54,000 72,000 12,13,740 2,56,226 4.74 17,672 22.1
Overall Replacement T12 to T5 Tubelights
2,916 5,442 54,000 81,000 9,72,643 2,43,852 3.99 17,437 21.8
Overall Replacement GLS Lamp to CFL Bulbs
840 3,935 14,000 60,000 71,867 1,42,021 0.51 9,955 12.4
Pavillion Rest. Lobby and Lift Lobby
Halogen to LED 1,050 1,825 21,000 78,000 21,951 8,238 2.66 533 0.7
Total / Avg. 1,31,18,159.9 25,28,824.3 5.8 1,60,869.8 201.1
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 39
Table 27 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Wattage Reduction BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv.
Scenario Details Rated Capacity (lumens)
hrs./yr Eff. (lum/kW)
Eff. (lum/kW)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
4th Floor Terrace 20 W to 10 W CFL 1,200 365 60,000 60,000 0 3,093 0.00 128 0.2
Swimming Pool Path. Lights 20 W to 10 W CFL 1,200 2,008 60,000 60,000 0 3,060 0.00 201 0.3
Total / Avg. 0.0 6,152.6 0.0 328.5 0.4
Table 28 Lighting Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Removal
BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Capacity (lumens)
hrs./yr Eff. (lum/kW)
Eff. (lum/kW)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
5th Floor Squash Court & Hall Lobby
Removal of 12 T12 Lights
1,944 2,008 54,000 54,000 0 13,219 0.00 867 1.1
7th Floor Ballantine Bar Lounge Entrance
Removal of 17 Halogen Lights
1,050 2,008 21,000 21,000 0 26,009 0.00 1,706 2.1
8th Floor Terrace lobby Removal of 6 PL Lamps
660 1,825 60,000 60,000 0 1,860 0.00 120 0.2
Reception Lobby Area Removal of 6 PL Lamps
1,080 2,677 60,000 60,000 0 4,262 0.00 289 0.4
Total / Avg. 0.0 45,350.7 0.0 2,983.1 3.7
The overall conservation summary from lighting equipment replacements, reduced wattage, and equipment removal is presented in the table below.
Table 29 Overall Lighting Energy and Cost Conservation Summary
Parameter Value Units
Capital Cost 1,31,18,159.92 INR
Energy Conservation 1,64,181.44 kWh/year
Demand Reduction 112.48 kVA
GHG Mitigation 205.23 MT CO2e/year
Cost Savings 25,80,327.64 INR/year
Payback Period 5.08 year
4.2.4 Ventilation System
The facility employs an Air Blower based ventilation system in the Melting Pot and Ground Floor Pavilion Restaurant Kitchen areas. Details of this system are presented in Table 30 below. This system contributes a load of approximately 22.4 kW to the facility’s total electric load. The Energy Audit process identified modest possibilities for reducing energy consumption from this system through changes in operational processes.
Table 30 Blower System Details & Measurement
Area Fan Motor Details Recorded System Parameters
Restaurant Kitchen [7th Floor: Melting Pot Rest.]
Air Blowers (Exhaust) ---> 2 Nos. [Both run simultaneously] Make: Crompton Greaves KW / HP : 7.5 / 10 RPM : 970 Insulation Class : F Full Load Amps : 15 Efficiency [FL] : 87.5% Duty :S1
Motor Power: KW: 5.84 + 6.98 = 12.82 Amp. R / Y / B: 23.8 / 24.7 / 26.0 Volts R / Y / B: 396 / 398 / 397
Air Blowers (Supply) ---> 1 Make: Crompton Greaves KW / HP : 3.7 / 5 RPM : 1440 Efficiency [FL] : 85% Frame : ND112M Duty : S1 Insulation Class : F
Motor Power: KW: 2.06 Amp. R / Y / B: 4.0 /4.0 / 3.9 Volts R / Y / B: 396 / 398 / 397 Fresh Air Intake Fan Avg. Wind Speed: 8.3 m / s Area: 0.0729 m2 Running Hours: 10 hrs / Day
Restaurant Kitchen Gr. Floor Pavilion Restaurant
Air Blowers (Exhaust) ---> 1 No. Make: Crompton Greaves KW / HP : 7.5 / 10 RPM : 970 Efficiency [FL] : 87.5% Amperes : 15 Frame : ND160M Duty : S1 Insulation Class : F
Motor Power: KW: 5.45 Amps. R / Y / B: 10.7 / 10.4 / 10.9 Volts R / Y / B: 394 /390 / 393
NOTE: Supply fan details assumed to be same as supply fan motor of “Melting Pot” Kitchen. Also the power recorded is assumed to be same as that of Melting Pot Restaurant Kitchen since supply could not be traced
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 41
Figure 17 Air-Blower Based Ventilation System
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 42
Opportunities for energy savings from altering system operation were identified as part of the Energy Audit. The supply and exhaust fans are used in tandem to provide for ventilation in the Kitchen areas mentioned above. It was observed that the fan run most of the time including during period of low level of activity in the kitchens. It is recommended that the facility management identify means through which these Air Blowers can be switched off when the kitchen areas are either completely devoid of occupancy or have minimal occupancy during off-service hours. Even if the fans remain out of operation for two hours per day, notable energy conservation could be achieved as outlined in Table 31 below.
Table 31 Air Blower (Ventilation System) Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Operational Run-time Reduction
Scenario Rated Capacity (kW)
Operation Hours/Day
% Savings. Energy Savings. (kWh/yr.)
Total Cost Savings (Rs./yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Melting Pot Restaurant – Exhaust Motor
12.82 10 -> 8 20% 9,359 1,24,001 11.70
Melting Pot Restaurant – Supply Motor
2.06 10 -> 8 20% 1,504 19,925 1.88
Pavillion Restaurant – Exhaust Motor
5.45 10 -> 8 20% 3,979 52,715 4.97
Pavillion Restaurant - Supply Motor
2.06 10 -> 8 20% 1,504 19,925 1.88
Total 16,345 2,16,567.3 20.4
The assessment indicates that reducing the operational run-time of the exhaust and fresh air supply side motors by 2 hours/day could yield annual energy savings of 16,435 kWh, reduce demand by 6 kVA, and lead to a reduced annual energy bill by 2.17 lakh.
4.2.5 Pumping System
The pumping system at the facility is an essential component of the operations at Khar Gymkhana due to its vital role in enabling the provision of swimming pool, cricket ground (gardening), sauna, sanitation, drinking water and restaurant services at the premises. This section of the Energy Audit report examines the existing performance of the water supply and pumping system and presents the analysis and conclusions of the process of identifying energy and cost savings opportunities through technical enhancement and operational process modifications.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 43
4.2.5.1 Pumping System Performance Assessment
There are 4 separate water connections with individual water supply meters. The water bill details are presented in Table 32 below:
Table 32 Water Bill Details
Month Rate [Rs.] /
Consumption [KL]
Total Charges
[Rs.] Sewerage Charges
[Rs.]
Additional Charges
[Rs.]
Meter No.: HWL 6810000
July-Aug 2013 43.20 / 1302 56, 246.00 33, 748.00 18, 732.00
Aug-Sept 2013 43.20 / 1392 60, 134.00 36,080.00 5, 680.00
May-June 2013 40.00 / 1347 53, 880.00 32, 328.00 Nil
March-April 2012 40.00 / 808 32, 320.00 15, 456.00 Nil
Feb-March 2013 40.00 / 1265 50, 600.00 30, 360.00 Nil
Meter No.: HWI 41200004
July-Aug 2013 43.20 / 757 32, 702.00 19, 621.00 12, 191.00
Sept-Oct 2013 43.20 / 1017 43, 934.00 26, 360.00 Nil
Aug-Sept 2013 40.00 / 1005 43, 416.00 26, 050.00 2, 400.00
May-June 2013 40.00 / 750 30, 000.00 18, 000.00 Nil
March-April 2012 40.00 / 644 25, 760.00 15, 456.00 Nil
Feb-March 2013 40.00 / 858 34, 320.00 11, 976.00 Nil
April-May 2013 40.00 / 499 19, 960.00 11, 976.00 Nil
Meter No.: HWI 4130009
July-Aug 2013 4.32 / 104 428.00 257.00 Nil
Oct-Nov 2013 4.32 / 757 480.00 288.00 27.00
April-May 2013 4.323 / 103 412.00 247.00 Nil
Meter No.: HWL 1830008
Feb-March 2013 40.00 / 165 6, 600.00 3, 960.00 Nil
May-June 2013 40.00 / 163 6, 520.00 3, 912.00 Nil
June-July 2013 43.20 / 164 6, 717.00 4, 030.00 Nil
July-Aug 2013 43.20 / 126 5, 443.00 3, 226.00 2, 041.00
The water consumption summary is presented in Table 33 below. The analysis indicates an average monthly water consumption of 2308.5 KL (i.e 23 lakh litres of water per month).
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 44
Table 33 Water Consumption Summary
Meter No.: HWL 6810000
Meter No.: HWI 41200004
Meter No.: HWI 4130009
Meter No.: HWL 1830008
Month Consumption [KL] Consumption [KL] Consumption [KL] Consumption [KL] Total (KL)
Mar-Apr 2012 808 644 Incomplete data
Feb-Mar 2013 1265 858 165 2288
Apr-May 2013 499 103 Incomplete data
May-Jun 2013 1347 750 163 2260
June-July 2013 164 Incomplete data
July-Aug 2013 1302 757 104 126 2289
Aug-Sept 2013 1392 1005 2397
Sept-Oct 2013 1017 Incomplete data
Oct-Nov 2013 757 Incomplete data
Average = 2308.5 KL
The Energy Audit process led to the following observations related to the pumping systems and operational processes associated with pumps:
Pumping Systems for Building Main Tank There are two underground (UG) tanks, each with approx. 20 KL capacity and eight overhead (OH) tanks with capacities varying from 8 KL to 10 KL. The overhead tanks do not overflow. Approximate water pumped up to the O/H water tanks is 50 KL + 20 KL + 2.85 (2 tankers per week) = 72.85 KL per day i.e. 2185.50 KL, which is comparable with the metered water consumption. The municipal water supply is from 17:30 to 21:00 PM. Water pumping takes place from U/G tanks to O/H tanks during the following periods:
17:30 to 21:00 PM at the TOD B tariff rate: Rs 1.00 extra per kWh
9:00 to 11:00 at the TOD A tariff rate: Rs 0.50 extra per kWh
A basic assessment of the increased energy cost of operating the water pumping system during peak hours is presented below: Power measured at one of the 5.5 KW pump is governed by the following equation:
Power Consumption = √3𝑥 𝑉 𝑥 cos 𝛷 𝑥 𝐼 for Phase Voltage = 400 Volts, power factor cos 𝛷 = 0.75, and current (I) reading of 6.7 Amps, the resulting power consumption is 3.48 KW Pumping hours (evening 3.5 hrs): Units 3.48 x 3.5x 30 days = 365.40 per month Pumping hours (morning 2 hrs): Units 3.48 x 2.0 x 30 days = 210.0 per month
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 45
Extra paid on account of TOD B = 365.40 x 1.00 = Rs. 365.40 Extra paid on account of TOD A = 210.00 x 0.50 = Rs. 105.00 Rs 470.00 paid extra on pumping per month. Yearly extra charges are estimated at Rs. 5,640.00 If water pumping could be avoided during peak hours electricity charges could be saved as shown in the illustration above. There could be many such loads which exhibit the possibility of avoiding operating them during high TOD charges to avoid extra electricity charges. The facility management team is urged to identify all such key opportunities to achieve immediate energy and cost conservation. Swimming Pool The swimming pool pumping system was exhaustively studied and the resulting details are provided in Table 34 to Table 36 below.
Table 34 Swimming Pool Pump Technical Specifications
Swimming Pool Filtration Plant
Pump Motor 1
Make : Kirloskar Brothers
Ltd.
Head [m] : 19.5
Head Range [m] : 14 0 – 22
Capacity Range [LPS] : 25 0 – 16
KW / HP : 5.5 / 7.5
RPM : 2900
Efficiency3 : 61.0 %
Discharge [LPS] : 20
Amperes : 11.4
I/P KW : 6.5
Pump Motor 2
Make : Kirloskar Brothers
Ltd.
Head [m] : 25
Head Range [m] : 18 0 – 33.6
Capacity Range [LPS] : 32 0 – 18.0
KW / HP : 9.0 / 12.0
RPM : 2900
Efficiency : 63.0 %
Discharge [LPS] : 36
Amperes : 18.0
I/P KW : 11
Chlorine Mixture
Motors Qty : 2 Nos.
HP / KW : 2 / 1.5
RPM : 1430
Ampere : 3.4
Ozone Mixture
Motor Qty. : 1 No.
Nameplate Data : Not Available
3 It was not clear from the nameplate whether these efficiencies (~ 63%) are the overall efficiency of the monoblock pump system (i.e. inclusive of motor efficiency) or the hydraulic efficiency of the pump itself. Since usual overall efficiencies for monoblock pumps are expected to be in the range of 50%, it was deemed that these higher efficiency values are the hydraulic efficiency of the pump (i.e. shaft power to hydraulic power efficiency).
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 46
Table 35 Swimming Pool Pump Working Schedule
Working Hours
Morning : 06.00 A.M. to 09.00 A.M. : 7.5 HP Pump Morning : 09.00 A.M. to 03.00 P.M. : 12.0 HP Pump Afternoon 03.00 P.M. to 04.00 P.M. : 7.5 HP Pump Afternoon 04.00 P.M. to 10.00 P.M. :12.0 HP Pump
Table 36 Swimming Pool Pumps Flow Measurements & Pipe Details
Flow Measurements
7.5 HP Pump
Flow : 54.41 m3 / Hr
Velocity : 0.86 m / s
Signal Strength : 545, 586
Signal Quality : 35
Discharge Pressure : 0.80 Kg/cm²
12 HP Pump
Flow : 94.32 m3 / Hr
Velocity : 1.49 m /s
Signal Strength : : 574, 608
Signal Quality : 39
Discharge Pressure : 0.95 Kg/cm²
Pipe Details
Pipe Material : PVC Circumference of Pipe : 532 mm
Pipe Outer Diameter :160 mm Pipe Inner Diameter : 140 mm
Pipe Thickness : 20 mm
The two major pump for the swimming pools demonstrate potential for energy saving. Observations revealed that there are excessive bends on the discharge pipeline adding headloss to the system which eventually increases energy consumption by the pump to overcome this additional energy loss. It was noted that approximately 3 bends could be eliminated. Furthermore, there are about 8 to 9 (90 degree bends) on the discharge pipe line. The pressure drops at the bends for both pumps were calculated and presented below.
Table 37 Pressure Drop Calculation - 12.0 HP Pump
Flow Medium : Water 20 °C / liquid
Volume Flow : 94.32 m3 / h
Weight Density : 998.206 kg / m³
Dynamic Viscosity : 1001.61 10 – 6 kg / ms
Element of Pipe : Bend of segments
Dimensions of Element : Diameter of Pipe D: 140 mm
Angle (Degree) : 90
Velocity of Flow : 1.7 m / s
Reynolds Number : 237468
Flow : Turbulent
Resistance coefficient : 0.25
Pressure Drop : 3.61 mbar
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 47
Table 38 Pressure Drop Calculation – 7.5 HP Pump
Flow Medium : Water 20 °C / liquid
Volume Flow : 54.41 m³/h
Weight Density : 998.206 kg/m³
Dynamic Viscosity : 1001.61 10-6 kg/ms
Element of Pipe : Bend of segments
Dimensions of Element : Diameter of Pipe D: 140 mm
Angle w in Degree: 90
Velocity of Flow : 0.98 m/s
Reynolds Number : 136987
Flow : turbulent
Resistance Coefficient : 0.25
Pressure Drop : 1.2 mbar
The cumulative pressure drop due to bends on each of the pump discharge lines is calculated to be as follows: 12 HP Pump : 8 x 3.61 m Bar = 28.88 m Bar (0.029 Bar) 7.5 HP Pump : 8 x 1.2 m Bar = 09.60 m Bar (0.009 Bar) The key purpose of the baseline performance assessment of the pumping system was to determine its baseline energy consumption and the actual operational efficiency relative to the rated efficiency and input power of the system. This analysis was conducted through measurement of electrical parameters at the motor input and measurement of discharge pressure and flowrate using ultrasonic flowmeters. The outcome of this pumping system baseline performance assessment is presented in Table 39 below.
Table 39 Pumping System Efficiency Calculations
Sr.No Pump ID Flowrate (m3/h)
Rated Pump BHP (hp)
Measured Input Power (kW)
Nameplate Hydraulic Eff. (%)
Total Head (m)
Hydraulic Power (kW)
Hydraulic Eff. (%)
Motor Eff.(%)
Overall Eff. (%)
Measured System Parameters Calculated Parameters
1 12 HP 94.3 12.0 10.20 63.0% 13.110 3.364 42.55% 77.47% 32.97%
2 7.5 HP 54.4 7.5 6.82 61.0% 13.110 1.940 34.39% 82.67% 28.43%
Total 148.7 19.5 17.02 5.304
The above assessment indicates that the hydraulic efficiency of the system is significantly lower than the nameplate efficiency of the system which was noted as being 63 % and 61% for the 12 HP and 7.5 HP pump, respectively. As a result, the overall efficiency of the pumps has greatly diminished from the anticipated range of 48 % to 50% to the measured efficiency of 28.4 % to 33.0% for the two pumps.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 48
4.2.5.2 Pumping System Recommendations and Energy Conservation Opportunities
The avoidable energy consumption from the 12 and 7.5 HP Pump Operation by removal of additional bends (which leads to higher pressure drops requiring more pumping energy.) is presented below. The additional hydraulic power required is assessed below through the following governing equation:
PH = 𝑞 𝑥 𝛿 𝑥 ∆ℎ 𝑥 𝑔
3.6 𝑥 106
Where; PH = pump power (kW) q = flowrate (m3/h) 𝛿 = density of fluid (kg/m3) ∆ℎ = differential head (m) g = gravity (9.81 m/s2)
The flow parameters, respective hydraulic power and annual energy savings assessment is presented in Table 40 below:
Table 40 Piping System Energy and Cost Saving Opportunities from Removal of Pipe Bends
Pump ID
Flowrate (m3/h)
Differential Head (bar)
Hydraulic Power (kW)
Shaft Power (kW)
Demand Reduction (kVA)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Energy Cost Savings (Rs./yr.)
Penalty Cost Savings (Rs./yr.)
Total Cost Savings (Rs./yr.)
12 HP 94.3 0.029 0.076 0.231 0.308 1,012 1.3 13,415 1,110 14,525
7.5 HP 54.4 0.009 0.014 0.048 0.064 209 0.3 2,767 229 2,996
Total 148.7 0.090 0.279 0.372 1,221 1.53 16,182 1,338 17,520
The above analysis was based on the following assumptions: - Overall system efficiency (to convert hydraulic to input) is ~ 33% and 29% for the 12
HP and 7.5 HP pumps systems respectively.
- The power factor of the pump motors is 0.75
- Energy cost is 13.25 Rs./kWh
- Excess demand penalty charges are Rs. 300/kVA/month
- Operation hours are 12 hrs./day
- GHG Emission Factor for electricity is 1.25 kg CO2e/kWh
In addition to addressing the issue of excessive pipe bends, more significant opportunities for energy and cost conservation was analyzed by means of studying the existing overall pumping system efficiency and determining its deviation from design efficiency. A preliminary review of the system also alluded to the possibility of achieving energy savings by altering the existing system of operating the 7.5 HP and 12 HP pumps sequentially (as indicated in the pumping schedule table earlier) to a system of two (2) parallel pumps rated at 7.5 HP each which provide the flexibility of operating at 7.5 HP
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 49
or 12 HP as required. The existing pumping schematic depicting the current configuration is presented in Figure 18 below:
Figure 18 Swimming Pool Pumping System Schematic
To Pool Pump (12HP)
Pump (7.5 HP) As is evident from the compromised overall efficiency calculated during the baseline performance assessment presented earlier, there are significant opportunities for enhancing energy efficiency and derive significant energy and cost savings through either, a) refurbishing the pump through deep retrofits and repairs, or b) replacing the pumps with hydraulically efficient pumps of a smaller pump BHP rating which can achieve the same hydraulic power while consuming lower input power. The potential pumping related environmental impact and cost savings analysis for a) equipment repair / retrofit (to raise the hydraulic efficiency from the current 42.5 % and 32.4% to the nameplate values of 63% and 61%, or b) pump replacement with highly efficient pumps with hydraulic efficiency of approximately 80%, is presented in Table 41 and Table 42 below. The analysis indicates that the pump retrofit options can conserve 29,712 kWh energy per year leading to a cost savings of approximately INR 4.20 lakhs per year. The one-time repair and retrofit cost for this option is not possible to estimate at this point. Suggestion: Parallel Pumping Currently, the two pumps of different capacities operate in staggered manner according to water pumping needs of the swimming pool as mentioned in the table earlier. The energy conservation analysis presented in the tables below indicates replacement of the existing 12 HP and 7.5 HP pump with high efficiency 7.5 HP and 5 HP pumps as direct
Balancing Tank
Filter
The pump replacement option demonstrates high savings potential. It can
Conserve 40,768 kWh energy per year
Yield a cost savings of INR 5.77 lakhs per year
A payback period of 4 month.
Due to its notable higher annual energy and cost savings compared to merely repairing pumps to restore oroginal efficiency, it is recommended that the management consider replacing the 12 HP and 7.5 HP pumps with high hydraulic efficiency 7.5 and 5 HP pumps pumps with a rated overall system efficiency of 60% or higher.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 50
corresponding replacements. It also possible that that further energy savings are possible through replacing the existing pumps with two (2) 5 HP pumps which can be operated singly when low flowrates are required for 4 hours in the day (i.e. equivalent to the existing 7.5 HP pump operation) and operated in parallel when higher flowrates are required for 12 hours in a day (i.e. equivalent to the existing 12 HP pump operation). This option can be explored further by involving pumping solution providers to provide design feasibility and cost estimates of this 2x5 HP parallel pump syste
Table 41 Pumping System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Repair and Retrofit
BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv.
Scenario
Rated Cap. (hyd. power, kW)
hrs./yr Eff. (% overall eff.)
Eff. (% overall eff.)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Swim. Pool 12 HP 3.69 4380 33.0% 50.4% NA 2,40,061 NA 16,949.6 21.2 NA Swim. Pool 7.5 HP 1.99 4380 28.4% 48.8% NA 1,80,860 NA 12,769.7 16.0 NA
Total / Avg. NA 4,20,920.7 NA 29,719.2 37.1 NA
Table 42 Pumping System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement
BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv.
Scenario
Rated Cap. (hyd. power, kW)
hrs./yr Eff. (% overall eff.)
Eff. (% overall eff.)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Swim. Pool 12 HP 3.69 4380 33.0% 64.0% 1,22,098.7 3,36,500 0.4 23,758.7 29.7 -8,779.0
Swim. Pool 7.5 HP 1.99 4380 28.4% 64.0% 69,770.7 2,40,905 0.3 17,009.2 21.3 -8,862.0
Total / Avg. 1,91,869.3 5,77,405.4 0.3 40,767.9 51.0 -8,809.2
The overall conservation summary from pump equipment replacements is presented in Table 43 below. Table 43 Overall Lighting Energy and Cost Conservation Summary
Parameter Value Units
Capital Cost 1,91,869 INR
Energy Conservation 40,768 kWh/year
Demand Reduction 10.3 kVA
GHG Mitigation 51.0 MT CO2e/year
Cost Savings 5,77,405 INR/year
Payback Period 0.34 year
4.2.6 Water Heating System
The majority of the electrically heated water (i.e. for non-cooking purposes) is used are the Gents Health Club for hot water Showers, Jacuzzi, and Sauna steam. Baseline performance assessment and energy conservation opportunities for each of these hot water use activities is presented below.
4.2.6.1 Energy Saving Opportunities from Water Heating System
The facility used 4 Electric Boilers. The recorded power consumption details are provided in Table 44 .
Table 44 Hot Water Shower System Electrical Details
Boiler Details Power Details
Boilers 1 & 2 Capacity: 50 Liters Use Hours: Morning: 4 Hrs. & Evening: 5 Hrs.
Current [A] : 17.5 Voltage [V] : 231 Power [KW] : 4.0 [Single Phase] for both boilers
Boilers 3 & 4 Capacity: 50 Liters Use Hours: Morning: 4 Hrs. & Evening: 5 Hrs.
Current [A] : 17.6 Voltage [V] : 231 Power [KW] : 4.0 [Single Phase] for both boilers
Individual MCB control for Individual Boiler For two boilers, the supply is from one MCB. Even if one boiler is required both the boilers have to be switched ON through the given MCB. Individual boilers may be controlled from individual MCBs so that power is not wasted when both the boilers are not required during lean hours. The lean hours are not known as this information was not available with facility management. However, an expected energy and cost savings was determined based on the following assumptions:
Daily usage: 9 hours per day
Lean hours: 2 hours per day
Approximate heater ON time: 5 minutes for every 20 minutes operation time (20 %
on time)
The energy and cost savings from this alteration is presented in Table 45 below.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 53
Table 45 Hot Water Shower Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from MCB Retrofit
Baseline Intervention
Scenario Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Utility hrs./yr
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback (yrs.)
Energy Conser. (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Hot Water Showers 4.00 821.3 638.8 1,200.0 48,145 0.06 1,460.0 1.8
Use of LPG for Hot Water Shower Heating [in place of Electricity] Approximately, 300 persons take hot water showers each for 4 to 5 minutes. The hot water shower flowrate is assumed to be 4 liters/minute i.e. the total water usage during a single shower is 18 liters4. It is estimated that water is heated from a temperature of 28°C to 50 °C. Replacing the electric heater system with a package LPG boilers offers the possibility of reducing energy cost and GHG emissions for meeting the same thermal heating load. It must be noted here that switching the fuel from electricity to LPG or fuels does not necessarily ‘conserve’ direct energy since the calorific value required from the fuel does not change. However, since electricity generation from thermal fuels (as is the case in India) and transmission and distribution losses involves a high degree of energy loss and low overall fuel efficiency to achieve a given fluid heating purpose, using thermal energy directly to heat fluids does lead to overall life-cycle energy conservation. Furthermore, the thermal fuel-based system used as a replacement can greatly reduce GHG emissions stemming from the increased overall life-cycle energy efficiency. In effect direct heating of fluids on-site with fuels avoids the energy loss and consequent GHG emissions during the process of converting thermal energy to electrical energy in turbines etc. in thermal power plants in India which are usually only 30% energy efficient. The energy and cost savings from this intervention is presented in Table 47 below. Use of LPG for Jacuzzi Room Water Heating [in place of Electricity] The Jacuzzi Room uses hot water pump motors and a boiler defined by the parameters presented below: Pump Motors Qty. : 2 Nos. Rating [HP / KW] : 3 / 2.2 Power measured at the Heating Coil is governed by the following equation:
Power Consumption = √3𝑥 𝑉 𝑥 cos 𝛷 𝑥 𝐼
4 Conventional residential showers have been known to use approximately 8 liters per minute. Applying this flowrate for a 4 to 5 minute shower and 300 total showers split across 4 boilers yielded a daily energy requirement that would require a 4 kW heater to run for more than 24 hours/day. Since this is unreasonable, the liters per minute value was revised to lead to a total heated volume that yields a daily run time of approximately 9 hours as was indicated by facility management staff.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 54
for Phase Voltage = 400 Volts, power factor cos Φ = 0.98, and current (I) reading of 24.96 Amps, the resulting power consumption was calculated to be 16.95 kW. A diagramatic depiction of the Jacuzzi Room Pond and the associated physical dimensions is provided in Figure 19 and Table 46 below.
Figure 19 Khar Gymkhana Jacuzzi Pond Dimensions
Table 46 Jacuzzi Pond Dimensions
Item Area Depth Volume
Inside small tank 1.524 m x 1.189 m 0.4267 m 0.7732 m3
Outside Big tank 1.859 m x 2.103 m 0.4572 m 1.7874 m3
Total
2.5606 m3
Replacing the electric heater system with a package LPG boilers offers the possibility of reducing energy cost and GHG emissions for meeting the same thermal heating load. The following analysis was based on the scenario that water is heated from a temperature of 28°C to 45 °C (i.e. a ΔT = 17°C) and the above quantity of water is heated twice every day and the entire quantity of water is replaced every day. The energy and cost savings from this intervention is presented in Table 48 below.
In addition to equipment replacement for the Jacuzzi Room, it is recommended that the Heater Coil control circuit be repaired or replaced. This equipment is currently dysfunctional and there is no cut-off after set hot water temperature is achieved. This presents an immediate energy savings opportunity as currently excessive energy could be consumed if the attendant does not manually shut off the heating system.
Table 47 Hot Water Shower Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Electricity GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Electricity Cost (Rs./kWh)
LPG GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
LPG Cost (Rs./kWh)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Hot Water Showers
3.64 3467.5 1.25 13.25 0.228 6.576 TBD 4,32,152 TBD 0.0 57.3 TBD
Total / Avg. TBD 4,32,152.3 TBD 0 57.3 TBD
Table 48 Jacuzzi Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement
BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Electricity GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Electricity Cost (Rs./kWh)
LPG GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
LPG Cost (Rs./kWh)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Jacuzzi Water Heat.
15.25 2423.6 1.25 13.25 0.228 6.576 TBD 3,35,078 TBD 0.0 42.0 TBD
Total / Avg. TBD 3,35,078.2 TBD 0 42.0 TBD
Use of LPG for Sauna and Steam Room Heating [in place of Electricity] As in the case of the Jacuzzi Water Heating System, a similar analysis was conducted to determine the potential cost savings from replacing the existing electrical heating system in the Sauna and Steam Room with LPG Boilers. The Steam Power measured at the Heating Coil is governed by the following equation: Power Consumption = 3 𝑥 𝑉 𝑥 cos 𝛷 𝑥 𝐼 (Note: in this equation, V is the Line Voltage and note Phase Voltage as was the case in earlier equations). The Table 49 below provides electrical parameters measured for the 3-Phase electrical system during the Energy Audit and the resulting measured power consumption of the electric boilers.
Table 49 Steam and Sauna Room Power Measurements
Item Current (Amps) Line Voltage (Volts) Power (kW)
R Y B R Y B
Steam Room 23.7 24.8 23.9 231.0 231.0 231.0 9.46
Sauna Room 16.8 24.4 16.5 231.0 231.0 231.0 7.54
Total
17.0
Other operating parameters of Steam and Sauna Room are as follows in Table 50 :
Table 50 Steam and Sauna Room Operating Parameters
Item Parameter
Usage 4 hrs./day
Capacity 5 to 6 persons
Room Volume 11 m3
Rated Heater Capacity 10 kW each
Compared to previous cases of electric heating system replacement, the proposed intervention for the Steam and Sauna room is different. It is proposed that a combination of the existing steam generating heaters be used in conjunction with LPG package boilers. The LPG boilers would be used to heat the water up to 90°C from the ambient and the heated water introduced to the heaters for steam generation. This is due to the fact that the heat required to convert water at 100oC to steam requires a disproportionately higher quantity of energy to provide the Latent Heat of Vaporization of Water and this is best provided by the existing steam generating system. Thus, the LPG system would be primarily used to yield energy cost savings by addressing a partial component of the total heat demand. In order to conduct the energy conservation analysis, the quantity of steam generated daily had to be determined. This was accomplished through the following method:
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 57
The Steam Room Heater consumes power continuously unlike Storage Water Heaters.
The electricity consumption of the steam room is therefore 9.46 KW x 4 hours = 37.84
KWH per day => 13,816.0 kWh per year.
37.84 KWH of electricity input = 37.84 x 860 = 32,542 Kcal of heat equivalent.
Heat required for evaporation of 1 Kg of water at atmospheric pressure from 28°C to
steam at 100 °C is (72 + 540) Kcal = 612 Kcal.
Steam generated using 37.84 kWh of electricity = 0.95 x 32,542/ 612 = 50.5 kg steam per
day.
The energy and cost savings from achieving heating of 50.5 liters of water per day from ambient to 90°C using LPG instead of electricity is presented in Table 51 below.
Table 51 Steam Room Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate from Equipment Replacement
BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Electricity GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Electricity Cost (Rs./kWh)
LPG GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
LPG Cost (Rs./kWh)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Steam Room 8.99 149.65 1.25 13.25 0.228 6.576 0.0 20,251 0.0 0.0 1.4 TBD
Total / Avg. TBD 20,251 TBD 0 1.4 TBD
Note: in the above table the annual operating hours are lower than that for 4 hours/day operation. This was because the operating time was normalized to account for only that part of the operation of the steam generator when water is heated from ambient to 90°C. It was determined that this would require operation for only 0.41 hours/day by the 9.46 kW heater.
The overall savings possible from all LPG boiler replacements and other water heating related interventions discussed earlier are presented in Table 52 below.
Table 52 LPG Replacement for Water Heating System - Energy and Cost Conservation Summary
Parameter Value Units
Capital Cost TBD INR
Energy Conservation 1,460.00 kWh/year
Demand Reduction 44.10 kVA
GHG Mitigation 102.51 MT CO2e/year
Cost Savings 8,35,626.91 INR/year
Payback Period TBD years
4.2.7 Renewable Energy - Solar Thermal Water Heating System
The facility has access to abundant solar energy through its rooftop surfaces and hence the Energy Audit process explored the possibility of employing Solar Thermal Water Heating to reduce electricity or LPG consumption. Instead of replacing the existing electric water heating system with LPG-based packaged boilers, a significantly more sustainable and cost saving (on a life-cycle project cost basis) alternative would be to replace the system with a Solar Thermal Water Heating System. Thermal Solar systems can supply water at 55°C to 60°C depending on time of year and season. The solar thermal system can replace all water heating application except for the steam generating equipment used for supplying the steam room. The analysis for determining the potential for applying Solar Thermal Heating at the facility required a comprehensive survey of the roof surfaces available to estimate the total unobstructed area that is not influenced by shadows from surrounding structures within or outside the facility (i.e. neighboring buildings etc.). The areas under shadow are not usable for harvesting solar energy. The results of the roof area survey are presented in Table 53 below.
Table 53 Roof Surface Area Survey
Location Area
New Building – 5th Floor 225 + 406 = 631 sq.m.
New Building – 8th Floor 360 + 112 + 41 + 72 = 585 sq.m.
Old Building – 2nd Floor 283 sq.m.
Total 1,499 sq. m = 16,000 sq. ft.
The technical assessment conducted to ascertain the appropriate system size in terms of m2 of collector area (i.e. solar thermal panel area) is presented in below. The analysis of the hot water systems presented earlier indicated a daily hot water load of 10,571 liters per day (lpd) to be heated from approximately 28oC to 50 oC. In order to provide for a higher hot water generating capacity (as might be required during future expansion of the facility), the solar thermal analysis was conducted for a higher system capacity of 12,000 lpd to heat water from 25oC to a weighted average of 60oC (i.e. a temperature rise of 35oC); significantly greater than the current temperature increase of approximately 13oC being achieved by the electric system. The savings analysis presenting however only ascribes the savings calculated from the current energy consumption and not based on the avoided energy consumption of the higher capacity solar thermal system being proposed. This yields a conservative savings and payback period estimate.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 60
Table 54 Solar Thermal Heating System Design
Parameter Value Units
Location Mumbai, India
Mean Monthly Global Solar Radiant Exposure Over India 18.25 MJ/ m2/day
Mean Monthly Global Solar Radiant Exposure Over India 5.069 kWh/m2/day
Avg. Daily Sunshine Hours 4.8 hours/day
Flat Plate Collector Efficiency 55%
T2 (output temperature) 60 0C
T2 (input temperature) 25 0C
Annual Sunshine Days 300 days
Calculations
Equation: Q M x Cp x (T2-T1)
M (mass of water/day) 12000 kg/day
Q (Heat Load) 420000 kCal/day
Solar Collector Area Required 174.5 m2
Avg. Solar Thermal Collector Rated Output 587 W/ m2
Annual SolarThermal Specific Energy Generation 839.5 kWh/ m2/year
Demand Reduction 42.7 kVA
The design process led to the conclusion that a 12,000 lpd system would require a 175 m2 collector area (i.e. occupying 1,884 sq. ft.) with a 55% flat-plate collector efficiency and a rated output of approximately 587 W/ m2 that would generated 840 kWh of heat energy/m2/year. This rooftop surface area is much less than the 16,000 sq. ft. area deemed feasible for harvesting solar energy and hence the option is extremely plausible. The type of system suggested is a thermo-siphon type Flat Plate Collector Solar Thermal System. There being many thermal solar manufacturers, lasting performance and sound quality system are essential criterion. Brief specifications for a high quality Thermal Solar System are provided in Figure 20 and Table 55 below and should be adhered to in as far as possible by the Facility Management while procuring the system.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 61
Figure 20 General Specifications for Solar Thermal Storage Tank
Anticorrosive enamel coated insulated
water storage system
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 62
Table 55 Solar Thermal Panel Specifications
The energy, positive environmental impact, and cost savings from achieving heating of 12,000 lpd of solar thermal heating to heat water from ambient to 60°C using renewable energy instead of electricity is presented in Table 56 below.
Table 56 Solar Thermal Water Heating System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Electricity GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Electricity Cost (Rs./kWh)
Solar GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Solar Thermal Cost (Rs./m2)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Solar Thermal 38.40 3819 1.25 13.25 0 6895 12,06,627.0 15,10,400 0.8 1,02,400.0 128.0 -8,628.2
Total / Avg. 12,06,627.0 15,10,400 0.8 1,02,400.0 128.0 -8,628.2
The cost analysis indicates that a 12,000 lpd system with 175 m2 collector area will require capital expenditure of INR 12.06 lakh and lead to annual cost savings from reduced electricity and avoided peak demand of INR 15.10 lakh per year. Thus, the expected payback period is highly attractive at 0.8 years. This intervention also possess the potential for significant positive environmental impact, it will conserve 1.02 lakh kWh of electricity every year and reduce GHG emissions by 128.0 metric tonnes CO2e every year. The relative environmental and cost impacts of the Solar Thermal Heating System are notably better than those of the LPG replacement option discussed earlier. It is therefore strongly recommended that the facility consider the Solar Thermal Water Heating System
4.2.8 Renewable Energy - Solar Photovoltaic System
As indicated in the assessment for Solar Thermal Water Heating system, the total rooftop surface feasible for harvesting solar energy is far greater than that required for the flat place collector panels and storage tanks. It is estimated that the facility will have a rooftop space of 16,000 – 1,884 sq. ft i.e. 14,000 sq. ft. for additional renewable energy generation through use of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Panels to generate electricity. This renewable energy alternative presents immense life-cycle cost, environmental, and energy security benefits to the facility. The assessment in Table 57 below presents the design considerations that informed the technical design process that helped ascertain the potential power generation and cost savings that could be achieved through the use of 13,000 sq. ft5 for the solar PV system.
Table 57 Solar PV System Design
Parameter Value Units
Location Mumbai, India
Mean Monthly Global Solar Radiant Exposure Over India 18.25 MJ/ m2/day
Mean Monthly Global Solar Radiant Exposure Over India 5.069 kWh/m2/day
Avg. Daily Sunshine Hours 4.8 hours/day
Solar PV Efficiency 9% %
Annual Sunshine Days 300 days
Available Area 13000 sq. ft.
Estimated Annual Electricity Generation 1,65,309 kWh/year
Avg. Solar PV Rated Output 96 W/ m2
Annual Solar PV Specific Energy Generation 136.9 kWh/ m2/year
Rated System Output 115.5 kW
Demand Reduction 115.5 kVA
The energy, positive environmental impact, and cost savings from utilization of 13,000 sq. ft. of rooftop space at the facility for reducing dependency on grid electricity is presented in Table 58 below.
5 Only 13,000 sq. ft. was considered for assessment to yield a conservative assessment as opposed to using the entire 14,000 sq. ft. as is theoretically available after subtracting solar thermal panel space requirements.
Table 58 Solar PV System Environmental and Cost Savings Estimate
BAU BAU BAU BAU Interv. Interv. Interv.
Scenario Rated Cap. (kW)
hrs./yr Electricity GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Electricity Cost (Rs./kWh)
Solar GHG EF (kg CO2e/kWh)
Solar Thermal Cost (Rs./m2)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Cost Savings – Energy & Penalty (Rs./yr.)
Payback Period (yrs.)
Energy Conservation (kWh/yr.)
GHG Mitig. (MT CO2e/yr.)
MAC (INR/MT CO2e)
Solar PV 115.52 1431 1.25 13.25 0 8942 1,08,00,000.0 26,19,994 4.1 1,66,348.8 207.9 -5,025.8
Total / Avg. 1,08,00,000 26,19,994 4.1 1,66,348.8 207.9 -5,025.8
The cost analysis indicates that a 115.5 kW system with 13,000 solar PV panel area will require capital expenditure of INR 1.08 Crore and lead to annual cost savings from reduced electricity and avoided peak demand of INR 26.20 lakh per year. Thus, the expected payback period is 4.1 years. This intervention also possess the potential for significant positive environmental impact, it will conserve 1.66 lakh kWh of electricity every year and reduce GHG emissions by 207.9 metric tonnes CO2e every year.
4.2.9 Deep Freezers, Refrigerator and Chiller Systems
The food and beverage services at the restaurants and bars within the facility require the use of Deep Freezers and Refrigerators as well as Beverage Chillers. These energy consuming appliances were analyzed through a field measurement process which employed plug-in power meters that measured total energy consumption and other electrical parameters while being plugged in for 19 to 28 hours. The results of this assessment are presented in Table 59 below. The Energy Audit of these refrigeration appliances indicates that the total instantaneous load of the equipment (I.e. when the compressors are ON), is 3.87 kW and leads to an annual energy consumption of 10,096 kWh and costs the facility INR 1.34 lakh per year in terms of energy charges. The assessment indicates that the Deep Freezers in the Pavillion Restaurant and Black Dog Bar & Restaurant have their compressors running for a high proportion of the time; 62 % and 91%, respectively. Comparatively, the ON time for the Melting Pot Restaurant Freezers is approximately 2% to 7% only. This alludes to the possibility of modifying the storage configuration in the deep freezers in the Pavillion Restaurant and Black Dog Bar & Restaurants with the aim of reducing the number of door opening events for these freezers. Furthermore, it was noted that some of the seals / gaskets of the equipment doors have deteriorated in condition (photographs demonstrating this condition are presented in Annexure 3). This precipitates air leakage conditions from the equipment and consequent energy loss. Finally, it was noted that the operational power factor the deep freezers was not optimal and there is a possibility of improving this aspect of the equipment to reduce the apparent power consumption (which affects demand imposed on the system). Improvement in power factor of deep freezers from the current values to 0.95 through use of capacitors etc. can reduce demand by 0.7 kVA and potentially save the facility INR 2,439 per year.
It is recommended that the facility management devise a plan to storing frequently used
items together in some of the freezers and segregate them from food items that are
seldom or less frequently accessed. This will yield energy conservation and cost benefits
without any capital expenditure.
It is emphatically recommended that the facility look to immediately replace and repair all
seals and gaskets of deep freezers and other refrigeration equipment.
Table 59 Energy Assessment from Deep Freezers, Refrigerators, and Beverage Chillers
Location ID Equipment ID Amps Volts W PF Meas. Period (hrs.)
Energy (kWh)
Energy Consum. (kWh/year)
Energy Cost (Rs./year)
GHG Emiss. (MT CO2e/yr.)
Estimated ON Time %
PAVILION REST. Deep Freezer 3 (from RHS)
4.18 231 792 0.82 19.12 9.64 4,416 58,513 5.52 63.6%
PAVILION REST. Deep Freezer 1 (from RHS)
3.81 227 598 0.69 18.88 6.89 3,197 42,363 4.00 61.0%
MELTING POT REST. Deep Freezer-5 (from RHS) F6 - Kitchen
5.62 236 1181 0.90 28.17 2.27 707 9,363 0.88 6.8%
MELTING POT REST. Plate Heater Machine - Kitchen
5.11 235 1102 0.92 28.10 0.64 200 2,644 0.25 2.1%
BLACK DOG BAR & REST.
Deep Freezer 1.76 234 197 0.48 4.27 0.77 1,577 20,893 1.97 91.3%
Total
20.47
3870.65
20.2 10,096 1,33,774 12.6
5 Water Audit Analysis The Water Audit process comprised of assessing the Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) potential from the facility’s buildings and campus and ascertaining the potential for substantive reduction in water use and sewage generation through dual-flow cisterns and waterless urinals in toilets.
5.1 Rain Water Harvesting
As indicated in the prior sections related to the water supply system, the following Table 60 provides a summary of the water consumption at the facility.
Table 60 Khar Gymkhana Water Bill Summary
Parameter Value Units
Monthly Consumption 2,309 KL
Annual Consumption 27,702 KL
Monthly Cost 95,295 INR/year
Annual Cost 11,43,539 INR/year
The annual water consumption of the facility is 27.7 million liters of water at a cost of INR 11.44 lakh per year. The rainwater harvesting area for the facility includes all the rooftop surfaces including surfaces where future solar thermal and PV installations will possibly be installed. It must be noted that solar installation do not in any way hamper the rain water harvesting potential of most facilities. Additionally, it includes other paved surfaces such as surface parking lots, compound areas, tennis courts etc. It is estimated that the total harvestable area of the campus is in the range of 2306 m2 and the approximate average annual rainfall is 2.0 m in Mumbai.The water, environmental and cost conservation analysis is presented in below. The results indicate that Khar Gymkhana can conserve approximately 4.61 million liters of water every year through a RWH system (i.e. 17% water conservation) and allow the facility to be independent of municipal water supply for 60 days (2 months). The annual cost savings from this alternative are INR 1.99 lakh per year and will lead to mitigation of 9.22 metric tonnes of CO2e/year.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 69
Table 61 Rainwater Harvesting Analysis
Paramter Value Units
Location: Khar Gymkhana
Harvestable Area 2,306 m2
Annual Rainfall 2.00 m
Annual RWH Potential 4,612 KL/yr.
Daily Water Consumption 77.0 KL/day
Water-Days Supplied by RWH 59.9 days
Water Cost 43.2 Rs./KL
Annual Cost Savings 1,99,251.7 Rs./yr.
Municipal Water GHG EF 0.002 kg CO2e/liter
GHG Mitigation 9.22 MT CO2e/yr.
5.2 Water Conservation Technologies
Two key technologies were assessed as part of the process of identifying methods to reduce water consumption by the facility. Dual-Flow Cisterns Water saving toilets with a dual-flush mechanism can reduce water consumption by 65% (assuming a 1.6 gal/0.8 gal configuration) relative to a convention (5 gal/flush) system. The primary benefits from this intervention are reduced potable water consumption and associated pumping energy conservation as well GHG mitigation. Waterless Urinals Waterless urinals use no water at all and use a trap insert filled with a sealant liquid instead of water. The lighter-than-water sealant floats on top of the urine collected in the U-bend, preventing odors from being released into the air. Although the cartridge and sealant must be periodically replaced, the system saves anywhere between 15,000 and 45,000 gallons (approx. 55,000 and 170,000 liters) depending on the urinal traffic. Some variants are based on an outlet system that traps the odor, preventing the smell often present in toilet blocks. Waterless urinals should replace all possible conventional urinals to ensure high degree of potable or recycled water conservation as well as the associated pumping energy use. The results of the energy, environmental and cost savings analysis are presented in Table 62 below.
Table 62 Water Conservation Fixtures Analysis
Fixture Type BAU Intervention Water Conserv. (lt./yr.)
Cost Savings (Rs./yr.)
Capital Cost (Rs.)
Payback (yrs.)
Nos. of Fix.
Usage (uses/day)
Water Use Rate (lt./event)
Water use (lt./yr.)
Nos. of Fix.
Usage (uses/day)
Water Use Rate (lt./event)
Water use (lt./yr.)
Maint. Cost (Rs./yr.)
Dual-Flow Cistern
32 480 15.14 26,52,528 20 480 4.00 7,00,800 0.00 19,51,728 1,34,903 3,20,000 2.4
Waterless Urinal 37 1,110 1.50 6,07,725 15 1,110 0.00 0.00 45,900 6,07,725 42,006 2,77,500 -71.3
Total 32,60,253 7,00,800 45,900 25,59,453 1,76,909 5,97,500
The overall water, cost and environmental conservation benefits from Rainwater Harvesting and Water Efficient Toilets is summarized in Table 63 below.
Table 63 Water Conservation related Environmental, Water, and Cost Conservation Summary
Parameter Value Units
Capital Cost 5,97,500.00 INR
GHG Mitigation 14.34 MT CO2e/year
Cost Savings 3,30,261.40 INR/year
Payback Period 4.56 years
Water Conservation 71,71,760.69 liters/year
The analysis indicates that a RWH System along with low-flow toilets and waterless urinals can help conserve 71.7 lakh liters of water every year, yield a cost savings of INR 3.30 lakh per year These interventions will require reduction of the number of WC and urinal fixtures to ensure that the efforts are cost effective. The expected capital expenditure required will be INR 5.97 lakh (exclusive of the cost of constructing the rain water harvesting system), who’s costs are not available at this point. The cumulative payback period is 4.56 years (again excluding the cost of the RWH system). This intervention also reduce GHG emissions by 14.3 metric tonnes CO2e every year.
6 Conclusion The total current annual energy consumption of Khar Gymkhana is approximately 18.8 Lakh kWh/year (1.57 Lakh kWh/month). The average energy cost being paid by the facility is INR 20.85 Lakh per month and INR 2.503 Crore per year. The current annual water consumption by the facility is 27.7 million liters per year (23 lakh litres per month) and the cost paid for this precious natural resource is INR 11.4 Lakh per year. The area wise and system-wise energy consumption results are presented in Figure 21 and Figure 22 below. The results encompass energy consumption from HVAC, Lighting, Ventillation, Pumping, Water Heating, and Refrigeration systems.
Figure 21 Area-Wise Overall Annual Energy Consumption Comparison
0
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1,200
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40,000
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ar)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - Overall Area-Wise Energy Consumption Comparison
Energy Consumption (kWh/yr.) EPI
Total Annual Billed Energy Consumption (2013-2014) = 18.8 Lakh kWh/yearTotal Assessed Energy Consumption (2013-2014) = 13.3 Lakh kWh/year
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 72
Figure 22 System-Wise Overall Annual Energy Consumption Comparison
The charts indicate that HVAC energy consumption contributes the majority of the impact (46.5%) followed closely by Lighting energy consumption (32.7%). Water Heating (an area that offers immediate energy conservation potential as proposed later) represents 8.3% of the electrical load. The results indicate that the areas / activities resulting in the highest energy consumption are (in descending order):
1. Tennis Court & Club
2. Melting Pot Restaurant
3. Pavillion Restaurant
4. Badminton Court
5. Presidential Hall
6. 4th Floor Gym
7. 5th Floor Squash Court
8. Swimming Pool
9. Ladies Spa & Saloon
10. TT Department
11. Gents Health Club
12. Card Room
13. Black Dog Bar & Restaurant
14. Billiards Room
HVAC46.5%
Lighting32.7%
Pumping5.6%
Water Heating8.3%
Refrigeration0.8%
Ventillation6.1%
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit - Overall System-Wise Energy Consumption Comparison
HVAC
Lighting
Pumping
Water Heating
Refrigeration
Ventillation
Total Annual Billed Energy Consumption (2013-2014) = 18.8 Lakh kWh/yearTotal Assessed Energy Consumption (2013-2014) = 13.3 Lakh kWh/year
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 73
However, in terms of the energy consumption per meter square of space (or the EPI – measured in kWh per m2 per year) the order (descending) is as presented below:
1. Gents Health Club
2. Melting Pot Restaurant
3. Pavillion Restaurant
4. Presidential Hall
5. 4th Floor Gym
6. Black Dog Bar & Restaurant
7. 5th Floor Squash Court
8. Card Room
9. Badminton Court
10. Billiards Room
11. TT Department
12. Tennis Court & Club
It is noteworthy that while in terms of absolute energy consumption the Tennis Court facilities might consume the highest energy, they are the most efficient in terms of energy consumption per square meter. The highest energy consumption per square meter is the Mens Health Club owing to the high energy consumption for hot water heating, followed by the Melting Pot and Pavillion Restaurants. The overall benefits of proceeding with implementation of the various interventions proposed in the earlier section are substantial; Khar Gymkhana has the invaluable opportunity to reduce its energy consumption by 48% and its water consumption by 26%. The consolidated environmental, cost and energy conservation impacts of all proposed alternatives is presented in Table 64 below.
Table 64 Overall Conservation Summary from Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
Parameter Energy Projects Water Projects Units
Capital Cost 3,56,58,933 5,97,500.00 INR
Demand Reduction 314 NA kVA
GHG Mitigation 1,132 14.34 MT CO2e/year
Cost Savings 1,38,51,001 3,30,261.40 INR/year
Payback Period 2.57 4.56 years
Energy Conservation 9,05,850 (48%) NA kWh/year
Water Conservation NA 71,71,760.69 (26%) liters/year
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 74
It must be noted that the actual savings may vary in the range ± 20% depending upon site conditions and other unforeseen variables. The recommended priority list for implementation of all energy related interventions proposed follows the order of the relative Marginal Abatement Cost Curve specifically developed for the facility as the culminating outcome of the Energy Audit. The MACC Curves for the facility are presented below in Figure 23.
The overarching conclusion from the Energy Audit process was that Khar Gymkhana can achieve the following positive impacts on the environment and its operational costs:
Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 1,132 metric tonnes of CO2 per year
(equivalent to planting approximately 4,529 trees every year)
Conserve 9.05 lakh units of electricity every year (enough to power 755 average Indian
homes per year)
Conserve 71.7 lakh liters of water every year
Reduce its operational cost by INR 1.42 Crore every year
The capital cost for implementing all the proposed projects is approximately INR 3.63
Crore
The payback period for these investments is a very feasible 2.6 years for energy
projects and 4.6 years for water projects.
Figure 23 Marginal Abatement Cost Curve
-20,000
-16,000
-12,000
-8,000
-4,000
0
4,000
8,000
12,000
16,000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
MA
C: I
NR
/tC
O2
tonnes of carbon saved/year
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit 2014 - MACC Curve
A B D E F G H I L L M N O P Q R S T
U V W X Y Z AA AB AC AF AG AH AI AJ AK AL AM AN
The MACC Curve presented above depict the relative priority of projects listed from A to AN (25 distinct projects) for conserving energy. The MACC curve is ordered in a manner such that the most feasible projects with low capital cost requirements and relatively higher life-cycle savings per initial cost are presented to the left. The width of the ‘project bar’ indicates the total GHG emissions (or energy savings) possible through the alternative. This project A is to be considered the highest priority project and project AN to be considered the lowest priority project. The projects are described below in Table 65 and this serves as the ‘key’ to the MACC curves presented.
Table 65 Listing of Energy Conservation MACC Projects
Project ID
Project Type Location Project Description Capital Cost (INR)
Annual Savings (INR)
Payback Per. (yrs.)
A Water Heating Hot Water Showers MCB Control 1,200 48,145 0.02
B Lighting 4th Fl. Terrace 20 W to 10 W CFL 0 3,093 0.00
D Lighting 8th Fl. Terrace lobby Removal of 6 PL Lamps 0 1,860 0.00
E Lighting Ballantine Bar Lounge Entrance Removal of 17 Halogen Lights 0 26,009 0.00
F Lighting 5th Fl. Squash Court & Hall Lobby Removal of 12 T12 Lights 0 13,219 0.00
G Lighting Swimming Pool Pathway Lights 20 W to 10 W CFL 0 3,060 0.00
H Lighting Reception Lobby Area Removal of 6 PL Lamps 0 4,262 0.00
I Space Cooling Overall Energy Saver Retrofit for Small ACs Energy Saver Retrofit 4,35,500 6,03,224 0.72
L Space Cooling Card Room 0 Star to 5 Star Split AC 65,980 73,931 0.89
M Space Cooling Card Room 0 Star to 5 Star Split AC 65,980 63,409 1.04
N Pumping Swimming Pool 33% Overall Eff. to 64% Overall Eff. 69,771 2,40,905 0.29
O Pumping Swimming Pool 33% Overall Eff. to 64% Overall Eff. 1,22,099 3,36,500 0.36
P Lighting Overall Replacement GLS Lamp to CFL Bulbs 71,867 1,42,021 0.51
Q Water Heating Solar Thermal Replacement Electric to Solar Thermal 12,06,627 15,10,400 0.80
R Space Cooling Overall Maint. Improv. for Large ACs Insulation, ODU Replacement 0 1,10,601 0.00
S Ventillation Melting Pot Rest. Exhaust Motor 20% run-time reduction 0 1,24,001 0.00
T Ventillation Pavillion Rest. Exhaust Motor 20% run-time reduction 0 52,715 0.00
U Ventillation Melting Pot Rest. Supply Motor 20% run-time reduction 0 19,925 0.00
V Ventillation Pavillion Rest. Supply Motor 20% run-time reduction 0 19,925 0.00
W Space Cooling Melting Pot Rest. Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 12,85,714 9,59,782 1.34
X Space Cooling Squash Court Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 12,85,714 9,59,782 1.34
Y Space Cooling Badminton Court Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 19,28,571 14,39,672 1.34
Z Space Cooling Billiards Room Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 12,85,714 6,82,215 1.88
AA Space Cooling Yoga Room 0 Star to 5 Star Split AC 1,31,960 49,199 2.68
AB Lighting Pavillion Rest. Lobby & Lift Lobby Halogen to LED 21,951 8,238 2.66
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 78
Project ID
Project Type Location Project Description Capital Cost (INR)
Annual Savings (INR)
Payback Per. (yrs.)
AC Space Cooling Table Tennis Dept. Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 25,71,429 9,89,371 2.60
AF Space Cooling Ballantine Bar Conventional Ductable AC to Hydrid AC 12,85,714 4,15,122 3.10
AG Electric Supply Solar PV Grid to Solar PV 1,08,00,000 26,19,994 4.12
AH Lighting Overall Replacement T12 to T5 Tubelights 9,72,643 2,43,852 3.99
AI Lighting Overall Replacement T12 to T5 Tubelights 12,13,740 2,56,226 4.74
AJ Lighting Tennis Court B Metal Halide to LED 38,28,365 7,51,180 5.10
AK Lighting Cricket Ground Metal Halide to LED 23,92,728 4,33,094 5.52
AL Lighting Tennis Court A Metal Halide to LED 38,28,365 6,27,529 6.10
AM Lighting 4th Fl. Terrace Halogen to LED 5,01,906 53,341 9.41
AN Lighting 8th Fl. Terrace Outdoor Gym Metal Halide to LED 2,86,596 13,344 21.48
For effective implementation of project it is opined that a PMC (Project Management Consultant) may be appointed by the management. The PMC can prepare blueprints, draft specifications and BOQs, execute floating of enquiries, and conduct techno-commercial negotiations with approved vendors. The PMC will also oversee project implementation and may be entrusted with energy saving certification. Presently the Gymkhana sections have section wise sub meter for energy recording. The job is laborious as it is done manually. The chances of human errors cannot be ruled out. It is therefore recommended that an EMS (Energy Management System) is installed. EMS systems employ electronic meters with data logging and transmitting abilities through a data network. All relevant energy data (daily, weekly and monthly) in desires format with basic Management Information Systems can be retrieved digitally for further analysis using spreadsheet softwares etc. This is a vital first step toward Energy Benchmarking to enable monitoring of energy consumption and savings as the implementation of energy conservation projects and processes progresses. A brief write up (PDF) on the BMS is attached in Annexure 5. Currently, the facility routinely consumes a higher peak demand relative to its contracted demand and as a consequence pays a significant sum (approximately INR 15.0 lakh per year) as excess demand penalty charges every year. A significant demand reduction is expected through implementation of the recommended energy saving projects. However, if these projects are not implemented in their entirety and if increased loads are expected in the near future, the management may apply for and get revised demand (up to 600 KVA) sanctioned with the help of a PMC to avoid penalty charges due to excess demand.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 80
ANNEXURE – I
DATA SHEETS OF AIR CONDITIONERS
MANUFACTURER INFORMATION for HYBRID AC TECHNOLOGY
Measurements Table 1: New Building 4th Floor Gym Area
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 35 28.5 9.09 1.2272 16.5 1.10 16.35 18% 1.01 3.48
Tower 1 ON 3.7 30.5 27.5 35 29 4.55 0.3734 4.2 1.69 3.84 -4% 1.10 3.19
Tower 1 OFF 3.7 30.5 27.5
Tower 1 ON 3.7 30.5 27.5 35 29 5.76 0.3734 4.2 1.69 4.86 -31% 0.87 4.07
Tower 1 ON 3.7 30.5 27.5 37 29 5.65 0.3734 4.3 1.67 4.70 -27% 0.92 3.82
Cassette 1 Not Functional 5 30.5 27.5
Performance Summary 1: New Building 4th Floor Gym Area
Total TR (installed) 39.8
Total TR (functional) 31.1
Total TR (delivered) 29.75
Total Floor Area (m2) 230.8
TR/m2 (installed) 0.172
TR/m2 (functional) 0.135
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.129
Total Power Consumption (kW) 29.3
Avg. Cooling Derating % 4%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.98
Avg. EER (delivered) 3.6
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 82
Measurements Table 2: New Building 4th Floor Yoga Room
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Split 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 39 29.5 5.23 0.1868 4.0 2.25 2.94 -47% 1.38 2.55
Split 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 39 29.5 5.23 0.1868 4.4 2.25 2.94 -47% 1.50 2.35
Performance Summary 1: New Building 4th Floor Gym Area
Total TR (installed) 4
Total TR (functional) 4
Total TR (delivered) 5.87
Total Floor Area (m2) 64.2
TR/m2 (installed) 0.062
TR/m2 (functional) 0.062
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.091
Total Power Consumption (kW) 8.4
Avg. Cooling Derating % -47%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 1.44
Avg. EER (delivered) 2.4
Avg. BEE Star Rating No Star
Note: Restaurant Ovens had blocked the outdoor unit of Split AC-2. Hence readings were not possible and have been repeated from Split AC-1 for the purpose of analysis
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 83
Measurements Table 3: Ground Floor Presidential Hall
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 44 31 7.6 0.4203 10.1 4.09 17.45 -74% 0.58 6.08
Ductable 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 42 29 7.8 0.4203 1.61 7.03 30%
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 40 29.5 5.4 0.1868 2.4 2.24 3.01 -51% 0.81 4.33
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 40.5 30 4.2 0.1868 2.1 2.85 2.99 -49% 0.71 4.94
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 41 30 4.1 0.1868 2.4 2.85 2.91 -46% 0.84 4.21
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 34.5 29 2 0.1868 2.6 1.70 0.85 58% 3.06 1.15
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 34.5 29 1.5 0.1868 3.3 1.70 0.64 68% 5.16 0.68
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 38 29 4.1 0.1868 2.1 1.65 1.69 15% 1.26 2.80
Cassette 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 40 29.5 4.6 0.1868 2.6 2.24 2.57 -28% 1.01 3.49
Performance Summary 3: Ground Floor Presidential Hall
Total TR (installed) 36
Total TR (functional) 36
Total TR (delivered) 39.13
Total Floor Area (m2) 170.6
TR/m2 (installed) 0.211
TR/m2 (functional) 0.211
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.229
Total Power Consumption (kW) 27.7
Avg. Cooling Derating % -9%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.71
Avg. EER (delivered) 5.0
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 84
Measurements Table 4: New Building Ground Floor Pavillion Room
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 43.5 31 7.8 0.6136 11.8 4.10 26.18 -162% 0.45 7.80
Ductable 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 42.5 30.5 4 0.6136 13.1 3.46 11.34 -13% 1.16 3.04
Ductable 1 OFF 2 30.5 27.5
Ductable 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 36.5 29 6.4 0.2363 1.3 1.67 3.38 -69% 0.39 9.02
Performance Summary 4: New Building Ground Floor Pavillion Room
Total TR (installed) 24
Total TR (functional) 22
Total TR (delivered) 40.91
Total Floor Area (m2) 198.5
TR/m2 (installed) 0.121
TR/m2 (functional) 0.111
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.206
Total Power Consumption (kW) 26.3
Avg. Cooling Derating % -86%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.64
Avg. EER (delivered) 5.5
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star Note: 2TR Ductable AC 1 was not working. Hence readings were not possible.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 85
Measurements Table 5: New Building 5th Floor Squash Court
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38 28 8.1 0.6136 18.1 0.48 3.19 84%
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38 28 7.9 0.6136 16.5 0.48 3.11 84%
Performance Summary 5: New Building 5th Floor Squash Court
Total TR (installed) 40
Total TR (functional) 40
Total TR (delivered) 6.29
Total Floor Area (m2) 260.2
TR/m2 (installed) 0.154
TR/m2 (functional) 0.154
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.024
Total Power Consumption (kW) 34.6
Avg. Cooling Derating % 84%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 5.50
Avg. EER (delivered) 0.64
Avg. BEE Star Rating No Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 86
Measurements Table 6: New Building 7th Floor Melting Pot Restaurant
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38 28 10.3 1.524 20.8 0.48 10.06 50% 2.07 1.70
Performance Summary 6: New Building 7th Floor Melting Pot Restaurant
Total TR (installed) 20
Total TR (functional) 20
Total TR (delivered) 10.06
Total Floor Area (m2) 188.5
TR/m2 (installed) 0.106
TR/m2 (functional) 0.106
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.053
Total Power Consumption (kW) 20.8
Avg. Cooling Derating % 50%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 2.07
Avg. EER (delivered) 1.7
Avg. BEE Star Rating No Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 87
Measurements Table 7: New Building 7th Floor Ballantines Bar
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38 28 0.48 0.00 100%
Performance Summary 7: New Building 7th Floor Ballantines Bar
Total TR (installed) 20
Total TR (functional) 20
Total TR (delivered) 0.00
Total Floor Area (m2) 63.4
TR/m2 (installed) 0.316
TR/m2 (functional) 0.316
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.000
Total Power Consumption (kW) 0.0
Avg. Cooling Derating % 100%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) -
Avg. EER (delivered) -
Avg. BEE Star Rating -
Note: Ductable AC was under maintenance during data collection. Hence readings were not possible.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 88
Measurements Table 8: New Building 6th Floor TT Department
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38.5 28 9.8 1.524 0.47 9.46 53%
Ductable 1 ON 20 30.5 27.5 38.5 28 9.5 1.524 0.47 9.17 54%
Performance Summary 8: New Building 6th Floor TT Department
Total TR (installed) 40
Total TR (functional) 40
Total TR (delivered) 18.62
Total Floor Area (m2) 308.0
TR/m2 (installed) 0.130
TR/m2 (functional) 0.130
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.060
Total Power Consumption (kW) 0.0
Avg. Cooling Derating % 53%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.00
Avg. EER (delivered) -
Avg. BEE Star Rating -
Note: Power measurements were not possible as separate MCB for AC’s could not be traced.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 89
Measurements Table 9: New Building 2nd Floor Black Dog Bar & Restaurant
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Ductable 1 ON 5 30.5 27.5 39.5 30.5 4.4 0.3736 8.2 3.50 7.68 -54% 1.07 3.30
Ductable 1 ON 5 30.5 27.5 38 30 6.3 0.3736 8.2 2.88 9.06 -81% 0.90 3.89
Ductable 1 OFF 5 30.5 27.5
Tower 1 ON 3.7 30.5 27.5 42 31 2.7 0.4218 6.1 4.12 6.26 -69% 0.97 3.63
Tower 1 Not Func. 3.7 30.5 27.5
Performance Summary 9: New Building 2nd Floor Black Dog Bar & Restaurant
Total TR (installed) 22.4
Total TR (functional) 13.7
Total TR (delivered) 23.01
Total Floor Area (m2) 166.2
TR/m2 (installed) 0.135
TR/m2 (functional) 0.082
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.138
Total Power Consumption (kW) 22.5
Avg. Cooling Derating % -68%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.98
Avg. EER (delivered) 3.6
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star
Note: One of the Ductable AC was OFF and pipeline of one of the Tower AC was broken hence was kept OFF during data collection. Power measurement has been done on the Main Breaker of A.C. as separate MCB’s for each AC could not be traced.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 90
Measurements Table 10: New Building 2nd Floor Conference Room
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Split 1 OFF 2 30.5 27.5 0.0
Split 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 5.1 0.1868 0.6
Window 1 ON 1.5 30.5 27.5 46 31.5 2.4 0.2294 3.1 4.73 3.48 -132% 0.90 3.92
Performance Summary 10: New Building 2nd Floor Conference Room
Total TR (installed) 5.5
Total TR (functional) 3.5
Total TR (delivered) 3.48
Total Floor Area (m2) 49.4
TR/m2 (installed) 0.111
TR/m2 (functional) 0.071
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.070
Total Power Consumption (kW) 3.8
Avg. Cooling Derating % 1%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 1.08
Avg. EER (delivered) 3.2
Avg. BEE Star Rating 4 Star
Note: 2TR Split AC-1 Outdoor fan was OFF. Indoor side cooling is also not good. 2TR Split AC is not consuming any power; Compressor might not be working properly
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 91
Measurements Table 11: New Building 2nd Floor Badminton Court
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Pack. AHU 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 41 29.5 6.7 0.5838 4.4 2.22 11.62 -16% 0.38 9.31
Pack. AHU 1 OFF 10
Pack. AHU 1 OFF 10
Performance Summary 11: New Building 2nd Floor Badminton Court
Total TR (installed) 30
Total TR (functional) 10
Total TR (delivered) 11.62
Total Floor Area (m2) 460.3
TR/m2 (installed) 0.065
TR/m2 (functional) 0.022
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.025
Total Power Consumption (kW) 4.4
Avg. Cooling Derating % -16%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.38
Avg. EER (delivered) 9.3
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 92
Measurements Table 12: Old Building 1st Floor Card Room
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Split 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 39 29.5 2.4 0.1233 2.0 2.25 0.89 56% 2.25 1.56
Split 1 ON 2 30.5 27.5 39 29.5 2.6 0.1233 2.0 2.25 0.96 52% 2.08 1.69
Pack. AHU 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 41 31 8.5 0.5838 10.0 4.13 27.37 -174% 0.37 9.62
Pack. AHU 1 ON 10 30.5 27.5 38 29 8.3 0.5838 10.0 1.65 10.71 -7% 0.93 3.77
Performance Summary 12: Old Building 1st Floor Card Room
Total TR (installed) 24
Total TR (functional) 24
Total TR (delivered) 39.93
Total Floor Area (m2) 235.9
TR/m2 (installed) 0.102
TR/m2 (functional) 0.102
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.169
Total Power Consumption (kW) 24.0
Avg. Cooling Derating % -66%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 0.60
Avg. EER (delivered) 5.9
Avg. BEE Star Rating 5 Star
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 93
Measurements Table 13: Old Building 1st Floor Billiards Room
AC Type # Status Rated TR
Ambient Air
Hot Air Side
Fan Vel. (m/sec) [ODU]
Fan Area (m2)
Power Cons. (kW)
Δ H kcal/kg
Cooling Del. (TR)
Perf. Derating (%) kW/TR EER
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
DBT [°C]
WBT [°C]
Pack. AHU 1 ON 5.46 30.5 27.5 37 28.5 8.5 0.2919 5.1 1.07 3.56 35% 1.44 2.44
Pack. AHU 1 ON 5.46 30.5 27.5 37.5 29 8.3 0.2919 5.0 1.66 5.37 1% 0.93 3.77
Pack. AHU 1 ON 10.95 30.5 27.5 38 29.5 5.6 0.1764 10.0 2.26 2.98 73% 3.37 1.05
Performance Summary 13: Old Building 1st Floor Billiards Room
Total TR (installed) 21.86
Total TR (functional) 21.86
Total TR (delivered) 11.91
Total Floor Area (m2) 237.0
TR/m2 (installed) 0.092
TR/m2 (functional) 0.092
TR/m2 (delivered) 0.050
Total Power Consumption (kW) 20.2
Avg. Cooling Derating % 45%
Avg. kW/TR (delivered) 1.69
Avg. EER (delivered) 2.1
Avg. BEE Star Rating No Star
Old Building. - 1st Floor Bar Room
Split
Bluestar
2
1
Daikin 1
Total Line 1
Window OGeneral 2 2
Air Blower - 3 1
Old Building - Accounts Department Window OGeneral 2 2
LG 1.5 1
Old Building – Library Department Split LG 2 3
Old Building – Tennis Changing Room Split LG 2 1
Old Building – Fitness Zone Split Mitsubishi 1.5 1
Old Building - Main Office Dept. Split LG 2 1
Hitachi 1.5 1
Old Building – Old Table Tennis Dept. Split LG 2 2
Samsung 2 1
New Building – Basement Passage Split LG 2 1
New Building – Ladies Spa & Saloon
Split - 2 4
Window - 2 1
- 1 3
New Building – Swimming Pool Side Ladies Changing Room
Split Daikin 2 3
New Building – Cyber Cafe Split - 2 1
New Building – Swimming Pool Side Gents Changing Room
Split Panasonic 1.5 1
Panasonic 2 3
New Building – Trustee Office Split LG 2 2
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 95
AIR CONDITIONING INDOOR & OUTDOOR SIDE NAMEPLATE DETAILS Area: New Building – Ground Floor Pavillion Room 10TR Ductable AC’s: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Trane Minimum Circuit Amps. – 29.83A 2TR Ductable AC’s: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Trane Minimum Circuit Amps. – 14.55A Area: New Building – Ground Floor Presidential Hall 2TR Cassette AC’s: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Trane Cooling Capacity – 24000 BTU/Hr. Area: New Building – 8th Floor Melting Pot Restaurant 20TR Ductable AC: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Trane Model No. – TTA240RDOOMA Minimum Circuit Amps. – 52.13A Area: New Building – 2nd Floor Badminton Court 10TR Outdoor Unit (3 Nos.): Make – Blue Star Model No. – DSA1321R1-0 Rated Current – 23 Amperes Packaged Aircon Indoor Unit Details: Make – Blue Star Model No. – SX-207 Rated CFM – 11750 Area: New Building – 2nd Floor Black Dog Bar and Restaurant 3.7 TR Tower AC’s: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Daikin Model No. – R125LUY1 Rated Current – 12.5 A Cooling = 6.4 to 6.5 KW 5TR Ductable AC-1: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Carrier Model No. – 38LH-0100K Rated Current – 17.5 A Cooling Capacity = 22500 Kcal/Hr. 5TR Ductable AC-2: Outdoor Unit Details Make – Carrier
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 96
Model No. – 38LH-100S Rated Current – 16.0 A Cooling Capacity = 25500 Kcal/Hr. I/P Power = 8470 Watts Area: Old Building – 1st Floor Card Room Packaged Aircon Unit Indoor Details: Make: Hitachi Model No. – MPAB198EMD3 Watts- 3000 Amperes- 8 Cooling Capacity – 49500 Kcal/Hr. Packaged Aircon Unit Outdoor Details: Make: Hitachi Model No. – MPA0198EMD3 Power – 19000 Watts Amperes- 35 Cooling Capacity – 49500 Kcal/Hr Refrigerant: R-22 2TR Split AC Outdoor Unit Details: Make – Voltas Area: Old Building – 1st Floor Billiards Room Packaged Aircon Indoor Unit (1 &2) Details: Make – Blue Star Model No. – DSA661R1-1A Normal Capacity – 16500 Kcal/Hr Rated Current – 3 Amperes Refrigerant: R-22 Packaged Aircon Outdoor Unit (1 &2) Details: Make – Blue Star Model No. – DSA661R1-0H Nom. Capacity – 16500 Kcal/Hr Rated Current – 11 Amperes Refrigerant: R-22 Packaged Aircon Outdoor Unit-3 Details: Make – Blue Star Model No. – DSA1321R1-0H Nom. Capacity – 33100 Kcal/Hr Refrigerant: R-22
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 97
ANNEXURE – II
LIGHTING SYSTEM MEASUREMENTS
RECCOMMENDATION FOR METAL HALIDE LAMPS REPLACEMENTS for
TENNIS COURT and CRICKET GROUND
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 98
Indoor [New & Old Building] Light Fittings
Type of
Fitting Watts
Qty
(Nos.)
Total
Wattage
Area
(m2)
Height upto
Work Plane
(m)
Average
Lux Level
Actual Lighting
Power (Watts)
New Building – 4th Floor Gym Area Main
PL lamp 2 x 26W 53 2756 200.67 2.743 89
2756
FTL 4 x 36W 50 7200 30.10 2.743 7200
Working Hours : Evening 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
NOTE : This area is in L Shape.
New Building – 4th Floor Gents Health Club Waiting Room
PL lamp 2 x 26W 4 208 19.509 2.743 - 208
Working Hours: Evening 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M. (Lux level could not be measured due to daylighting)
New Building – 4th Floor Gents Health Club Locker Room
PL lamp 2 x 26W 12 624 29.915 2.743 97 624
Working Hours: Evening 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
New Building – 4th Floor Gents Health Club Sauna &Steam Bathroom
PL lamp 2 x 26W 25 1300 - -
45
1040
Bulb 40W 2 80 - - 80
CFL 36W 2 72 - - 72
Working Hours: Morning 9.00 A.M. to 11.30 P.M. Night
New Building – 4th Floor Yoga Room
T5 Tube 28W 16 448 64.178 3.658 141
336
PL lamp 2 x 26W 10 520 312
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to 9.00 P.M.
New Building – Ground Floor Presidential Hall
Halogen
Spot Lights 12V,50W 30 1500
170.569 3.048 53
1300
LED 3W 28 84 78
T5 Tube 20W 90 1800 1760
Wall
Hanging
CFL
8W 5 40 40
Working Hours: 6 Hours / Day
New Building – Ground Floor Pavilion Restaurant
Halogen
Spot Lights 12V, 50W 74 3700 198.463 3.353 64 3500
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 99
LED Tape
Working Hours: Afternoon 12 P.M. to 4.00 P.M. and Evening 7 P.M. to Midnight 12.00 A.M.
New Building – 5th Floor Squash Court
FTL 2 x 36W 30 2160 62.4308 6.096 749
2160
FTL 2 x 54W 33 3564 3564
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 11.30 A.M. and Afternoon 3 P.M. to 10.30 P.M.
New Building – 5th Floor Squash Court Hall
PL lamp 2 x 18W 8 288 141.2126 6.096 92 288
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 11.30 A.M. and Afternoon 3 P.M. to 10.30 P.M.
New Building – 5th Floor Squash Court Ladies Changing Room
PL lamp 2 x 18W 14 504 18.8365 2.7432 - 432
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 11.30 A.M. and Afternoon 3 P.M. to 10.30 P.M.
New Building – 5th Floor Squash Court Men’s Changing Room including passage
PL lamp 2 x 18W 20 720 18.8365 2.7432 - 648
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 11.30 A.M. and Afternoon 3 P.M. to 10.30 P.M.
New Building – 5 ½ Floor Squash Court Men’s & Ladies Changing Room
PL lamp 2 x 18W 34 1224 18.8365 2.7432 - 1080
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 11.30 A.M. and Afternoon 3 P.M. to 10.30 P.M.
New Building 7th Floor Melting Pot Restaurant Kitchen
FTL 2 x 36W 19 1368 - -
168
1368
Halogen
Bulb 150W 25 3750 - - 3750
PL 2 x 36W 10 720 - - 648
Working Hours: Afternoon 12 P.M. to 4 P.M. and Evening 6 P.M. to Midnight 12.30 A.M.
7th Floor Melting Pot Restaurant
LED 5W 20 100 188.547 3.3528 -
100
LED 3W 5 15 15
Working Hours: Afternoon 12 P.M. to 4 P.M. and Evening 6 P.M. to Midnight 12.30 A.M.
New Building 7th Floor Ballantines Bar
LED 5W 13 65 63.39 3.3528 - 65
Working Hours: Evening 7 P.M. to Midnight 12.30 A.M.
New Building 6th Flr. T/T Dept.
LED
(2 x 2)panel 50W 56 2800
308.049 4.877 382
2800
T5 28W 72 2016 2016
FTL 36W 9 324 324
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 100
Working Hours: 8 to 10 Hours per day
6th Floor T/T Department Ladies Washroom
PL 2 x 18W 5 180 - - -
180
FTL 36W 1 36 36
Working Hours: 8 to 10 Hours per day
6th Floor T/T Department Gents Washroom
PL 2 x 18W 5 180 - - - 180
Working Hours: 8 to 10 Hours per day
Swimming Pool Side – Aditi Restaurant
PL 2 x 18W 83 2988 - - 51
2988
FTL 36W 9 324 324
Working Hours : Evening 7.30 P.M. to Midnight 12.00 A.M.
NOTE : Lux level could not be measured due to day lighting
Swimming Pool – Gents Changing Room passage
LED 8W 4 32 - - 31 32
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 10 A.M. and Evening 7 P.M. to 11 P.M.
Swimming Pool – Gents Changing Room
LED 8W 22 176 - - 78 176
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 10 A.M. and Evening 7 P.M. to 11 P.M.
Swimming Pool – Gents Shower Room
LED 8W 24 192 - - - 192
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to 10 A.M. and Evening 7 P.M. to 11 P.M.
New Building Trustee Office
PL 2 x 11W 12 264 - - - 264
Working Hours: Morning 9 A.M. to Evening 8 P.M.
New Building 2nd Floor Black Dog Bar & Restaurant
Halogen
Spot Lights 12V, 35W 9 315
166.1848 2.4384 78
315
T5 28W 9 252 252
FTL 36W 39 1404 1404
Innoba LED
Lights 11W 28 308 308
LED Tape
50 mtr. - - - -
Working Hours: Evening 7.00 P.M. to Midnight 12.00 A.M.
New Building 2nd Floor Conference Room
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 101
FTL 2 x 36W 10 720
49.4024 2.652 256
720
Wall Hanging
Bulb 60W 8 480 480
Working Hours: 4 to 5 Hours per day
New Building 2nd Floor Badminton Court
FTL 2 x 56W 46 5152 381.6457 10.058 168
5152
FTL 1 x 56W 20 1120 1120
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to Night 10 P.M.
2nd Floor Badminton Court Gents Changing Room
PL 2 x 18W 17 612 39.3314 2.4384 64 540
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to Night 10 P.M.
2nd Floor Badminton Court Ladies Changing Room
PL 2 x 18W 17 612 39.3314 2.4384 64 504
Working Hours: Morning 6 A.M. to Night 10 P.M.
Swimming Pool side Ladies Spa & Saloon
Bulb 60W 37 2220 - - - 2220
Working Hours: Morning 8 A.M. to Night 9 P.M.(Lights are ON depending upon persons occupancy)
Swimming Pool side Ladies Changing Room
Halogen Spot
Lights
12V,
50W 15 750 - - - 750
PL Lamp 2 x 18W 34 1224 - - - 1224
Working Hours: 10.00 A.M. to 1.00 P.M. and Evening 4.00 P.M. to 7.00 P.M.
Area Reference: Cyber Cafe
CFL 8W 10 80 - - - 80
Working Hours: Morning 9.00 A.M. to Evening 8.00 P.M.
Basement Passage
PL Lamp 11W 6 66
14.0468 2.3165 21
66
PL Lamp 18W 5 90 90
4 feet FTL 36W 1 36 36
2 feet FTL 18W 1 18 18
Working Hours: 10-12 Hours per day
Area Reference: Basement Parking
FTL 2 x 36W 52 3744 - - 22 3744
Working Hours: Morning 6.00 A.M. to Night 11.30 P.M.
Area Reference: Old Building – 1st Floor Card Room
PL Lamp 1 x 11W 8 88 235.8614 2.7432 120 88
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 102
PL Lamp 2 x 11W 81 1782 1782
Halogen Spot 12V, 50W 8 400 400
Working Hours: Afternoon 4 P.M. to Night 11.00 P.M.
Area Reference: Old Building – 1st Floor Card Room Washroom(Gents & Ladies)
PL Lamp 2 x 9W 11 198 - - - 198
Working Hours: Afternoon 4 P.M. to Night 11.00 P.M.
Area Reference: Old Building – 1st Floor Billiards Room (Downside Area)
FTL 1 x 36W 10 360 155.798 3.6576 558
360
FTL 4 x 36W 8 1152 1152
Working Hours: Afternoon 3 P.M. to Night 9.30 P.M.
NOTE: Lights are switched ON depending upon the persons occupancy
Area Reference: Old Building – 1st Floor Billiards Room (Upside Area)
CFL 35W 7 245 81.1973 2.7432 19 245
Working Hours: Afternoon 3 P.M. to Night 9.30 P.M.
NOTE: Lights are switched ON depending upon the persons occupancy
Area Reference: Old Building – 1st Floor Billiards Room (Gents & Ladies Washroom)
FTL 36W 6 216 - - - 216
Working Hours: Afternoon 3 P.M. to Night 9.30 P.M.
NOTE: Lights are switched ON depending upon the persons occupancy
Old Building – 1st Floor Bar Area
PL Lamp 11W 12 132
65.0321 2.7432 8
132
PL Lamp 10W 4 40 40
CFL 5W 6 30 30
Superlux Bulb 60W 5 300 300
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to Midnight 12.00 A.M.
Old Building – Accounts Dept.
FTL 2 x 36W 8 576 - - - 576
Working Hours: Morning 9.00 A.M. to Night 10.00 P.M.
Old Building – Library Dept.
LED 11W 26 286
- - -
286
PL Lamp 2 x 36W 8 576 576
Bulb 60W 2 120 120
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to 9.30 P.M.
Old Building – Tennis Players Changing Room
LED 18W 7 126 - - - 126
LED 8W 3 24 - - - 24
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 103
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to 10.00 P.M.
Old Building – Tennis Club Area Passage
FTL 1 x 36W 2 72 - - - 72
FTL 2 x 36W 3 216 - - - 216
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to 10.00 P.M.
Old Building – Fitness Zone & Passage
PL 2 x 18W 8 288 - - - 288
Working Hours: Evening 6.00 P.M. to 10.00 P.M.
Area Reference: Old Building – Main Office Dept.
PL 2 x 11W 16 352 - - - 352
Working Hours: Morning 9.00 A.M. to Night 8.00 P.M.
Old Building – Old Table Tennis Dept.
CFL 65W 6 390
155.1289 4.572 149
390
CFL 35W 3 105 105
FTL 1 x 36W 4 144 144
FTL 2 x 36W 14 1008 1008
Working Hours: Morning 11.30 A.M. to Afternoon 1.00 P.M. and Afternoon 3.00 P.M. to Night 9.00 P.M.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 104
Outdoor [New & Old Building] Light Fittings
Type of
Fitting Watts
Qty
[Nos.]
Total
Wattage
Area
[m2]
Height up to
Work Plane
[m]
Average
Lux Level
Actual Lighting
Power (Watts)
New Building – Pavilion Restaurant Outdoor Side
CFL 14W 8 112 - - - 112
Halogen Spot 12V, 50W 8 400 - - - 400
Working Hours: Evening 7.00 P.M. to 12.00 A.M. Midnight
New Building – Terrace Outdoor Gym (8th Floor)
Metal Halide
Lamps 400W 4 1600 - - - 1600
Working Hours : 3 to 4 Hours / Day
NOTE : Lights are kept OFF during monsoon season
New Building – 4th Floor Terrace (Opposite to Squash Hall)
CFL Bay
Lights 20W 35 700 - - - 700
Halogen Bulb 1000W 8 8000 - - - 8000
CFL
(Bathroom) 18W 6 108 - - - 108
Working Hours: These lights are ON only when party is there in terrace. Approximately there are 7 to 8
parties in a month.
Tennis Court - A (Outdoor)
Metal Halide
Lamps 2 x 320W 64 40,960 600.1536 9.144 419 40,960
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M. (Lights are kept OFF during monsoon season)
Tennis Court - B (Outdoor)
Metal Halide
Lamps 2 x 320W 72 46,080 600.1536 9.144 454 46,080
Working Hours : 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
NOTE : Lights are kept OFF during monsoon season
Old Building – 1st Floor Passage Area
FTL 18W 3 54
- - -
54
FTL 36W 2 72 72
Bulb 60W 3 180 180
Working Hours: Morning 9.00 A.M. to Night 10.00 P.M.
Old Building – Reception Lobby Area
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 105
PL Lamps 2 x 18W 24 864
156.077 4.572 76
864
PL Lamps 11W 12 132 132
CFL 18W 2 36 36
Working Hours: 6 numbers of PL Lamps are kept ON from morning 6 A.M. to Evening 6. P.M. All the
lights are switched ON in evening from 6.00 P.M. to 11.00 P.M.
Old Building – Main Gate Outdoor Area
CFL 18W 3 54
- - -
54
CFL (Yellow &
White Lights) 20W 17 340 340
FTL 36W 8 288 288
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
Old Building 1st Floor Staircase Landing and lobby
FTL 36W 6 216 - - - 216
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
8th Floor Terrace lobby
PL 1 x 11W 11 121 - - 47 121
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.00 P.M. Removal of 6 Light Fittings (Excess)
8th Floor Staircase Landing
PL 1 x 11W 2 22 - - 19 22
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
7th Floor Ballantines Lounge Entrance Lobby
Halogen Spot
Lights 12V, 50W 21 1050 - - 43 1050
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M. Removal of 17 Light Fittings (Replacement to be done).
7th Floor Staircase Landing
PL 1 x 11W 2 22 - - 18 22
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
6 ½ Floor Staircase Landing
PL 1 x 11W 2 22 - - 25
22
PL 2 x 18W 2 72 - - 72
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
6th Floor T/T Dept. Lobby
PL 1 x 11W 8 88 - - 45 88
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 106
Cricket Stadium (Outdoor)
Metal Halide
Lamps 2 x 320W 52 33,280 - - - 33,280
Working Hours: 3 to 4 Hrs./Day (Lights are kept OFF during monsoon season)
5 ½ Floor Squash Hall - Staircase Landing
PL 1 x 18W 2 36 - - 22
36
PL 1 x 11W 2 22 - - 22
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
5th Floor Squash Hall - Lobby
PL 2 x 18W 12 432 - - 51
432
FTL Cove 36W 12 432 - - 432
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M. (All cove lights to be removed, not needed)
4th Floor Gym Area – Lobby & Staircase Landing
PL 2 x 11W 2 44 - - 19 44
PL 2 x 18W 6 216 - - 48
216
PL 2 x 26W 12 624 - - 624
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.30 P.M.
Swimming Pool Side Staircase Landing and Passage
PL 2 x 11W 2 44 - - 18 44
PL 2 x 18W 9 324 - - 45
324
PL 2 x 26W 30 1560 - - 1560
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 12.00 A.M. Midnight
Lobby Area near to trustee office and exit side
Innoba Lights
(CFL) 11W 13 143 - - 42 143
Working Hours: 6.00 P.M. to 11.00 P.M.
New Building Gr. Floor Lift Side Lobby Area
PL 18W 13 234 - - 42 234
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 12.00 A.M. Midnight
New Building Gr. Floor Lift Side Staircase Landing
PL 11W 2 22 - - 18 22
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 12.00 A.M. Midnight
Swimming Pool Pathway Lights
CFL Bay Light 20W 10 200 - - - 200
Working Hours: 6.30 P.M. to 12.00 A.M. Midnight. (Wattage Reduction)
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 107
TENNIS COURT LIGHTING DESIGN
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 108
ANNEXURE – III
F&B FREEZERS, REFRIGERATORS, and CHILLERS MEASUREMENTS
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 109
DEEP FREEZER CONSUMPTION DETAILS
NEW BUILDING: GROUND FLOOR PAVILION RESTAURANT
Deep Freezer 3 (from RHS)
Date: 20/06/14
Start Time: 5.46 P.M.
Wattage – 808.2
Voltage – 231.0
Ampere – 4.25
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.032
Date: 21/06/14
Stop Time: 12.55 P.M.
Wattage – 776.1
Voltage – 231.0
Ampere – 4.113
Hz – 50
KWH – 9.669
Deep Freezer 1 (from RHS)
Date: 20/06/14
Start Time: 5.55 P.M.
Wattage – 640.8
Voltage – 230.0
Ampere – 3.99
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.011
Date: 21/06/14
Stop Time: 12.50 P.M.
Wattage – 555.9
Voltage – 223.0
Ampere – 3.62
Hz – 50
KWH – 6.903
NEW BUILDING: 7th FLOOR MELTING POT RESTAURANT
Deep Freezer-5 (from RHS) F6 - Kitchen
Date: 21/06/14
Start Time: 1.30 P.M.
Wattage – 1203
Voltage – 231.0
Ampere – 6.085
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.018
Date: 22/06/14
Stop Time: 5.42 P.M.
Wattage – 1159
Voltage – 240.0
Ampere – 5.16
Hz – 50
KWH – 2.290
Plate Heater Machine - Kitchen
Date: 21/06/14
Start Time: 1.32 P.M.
Wattage – 1175
Voltage – 230.0
Ampere – 5.12
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.024
Date: 22/06/14
Stop Time: 5.40 P.M.
Wattage – 1029
Voltage – 239.0
Ampere – 5.09
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.664
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 110
NEW BUILDING: 2nd FLOOR BLACK DOG BAR & RESTAURANT
Deep Freezer
Date: 23/06/14
Start Time: 12.10 P.M.
Wattage – 203.9
Voltage – 231.0
Ampere – 1.751
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.002
Date: 23/06/14
Stop Time: 4.26 P.M.
Wattage – 190.4
Voltage – 236.0
Ampere – 1.759
Hz – 50
KWH – 0.792
Comments: Air leakage. Gasket problem to be solved
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 111
ANNEXURE – IV
POWER ANALYZER DATA OUTPUT
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 112
ANNEXURE – V
BUILDING ENERGY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM DETAILS
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 113
ANNEXURE – VI
INDEPENDENT ASSURANCE STATEMENT FROM cBALANCE
cBalance Solutions Hub was retained by Khar Gymkhana to conduct a complete thermal and electrical Energy Audit, as well as a partial Water Audit, as the primary step of an objective to transform the institution into a ‘green club’ through conservation of natural resources and reducing environmental impact of their operations. The Company’s management is responsible for the content of the report. The consultant’s responsibility is to provide assurance on the report content, as described in the scope of assurance. Our responsibility in performing the thermal and electrical Energy Audit, and partial Water Audit is to the management of the organization only, and in accordance with the terms of reference agreed with the client. We do not therefore accept or assume any responsibility for any other purpose or to any other person or organisation. Scope of Assurance and Methodology The scope of our work for this audit is limited to review of information pertaining to energy and water consumption performance and an overall Energy, Water, Cost, and Carbon Footprint Reduction recommendations for Khar Gymkhana club, Mumbai, which are material to the organization’s financial performance. cBalance’s team of professionals visited the Khar Gymkhana’s units in order to collect, process and analyze the data and information presented in the report. The nature and scope of our work was based on our professional judgment and we have performed procedures deemed necessary to provide a basis for our conclusions. The approach to the audit exercise included interaction with key personnel to identify the processes in place to capture energy and water consumption data and for its analysis.
Khar Gymkhana Energy Audit Report – August 2014 Page 114
The team conducted collection, process and analysis of data, measurement methodology and general review of the logic of inclusion/omission of necessary information/data to: - Review of major anomaly within the report as well as between the report and source
data/information
- Verification of the transcription of data internally verified by the organization
- Execution of audit trail of selected data streams and information to determine the level of
accuracy in collection, transcription and aggregation processes followed;
- Review of the organization’s plans, policies and practices, pertaining to their energy and
water consumption pattern.
Limitations of our engagement
The assurance scope excludes: - Aspects of the report other than those mentioned above
- Data and information outside the defined reporting period
- Data and information on economic and financial performance of the Company, which are
from the Company’s audited financial records.
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