RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview1 Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE/EPC OvervieweNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview2 Nokia Siemens Networks
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
Intellectual Property Rights
All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview4 Nokia Siemens Networks
Content
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview5 Nokia Siemens Networks
data rates
< 1 Gbps
mobility
GSM/IS95
AMPS
WCDMA/cdma2000HSPA LTE
802.11a/b/g802.11a/b/g
< 100 Mbps< 50 Mbps< 10 Mbps< 1 Mbps< 200 kbps
time
2010200520001990
HIGH
LOW
History and Future of Wireless
1G
2G
3G 3G Enhacements 3G Evolution
802.11 802.11nWLAN Family
WiMAX Family
802.16e
Mobile WiMAX
802.16e
Mobile WiMAX802.16a/d
Fixed WiMAX
802.16a/d
Fixed WiMAX
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview6 Nokia Siemens Networks
NSN Network Architecture Evolution
Node B RNC SGSN GGSN
Internet
3GPP Rel 6 / HSPA
Direct tunnel
3GPP Rel 7 / HSPA
Internet
Node B RNC
SGSN
GGSN
Direct tunnel
3GPP Rel 7 / Internet HSPA
Internet
Node B
SGSN
GGSN
Node B
(RNC Funct.)
Direct tunnel
3GPP Rel 8 / LTE
Internet
Evolved Node B
MME
SAE GW
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview7 Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE/EPS Network Architecture Subsystems
LTE/EPS architecture is driven by the goal to optimize the system for packet data transfer.
No circuit switched components
New approach in the inter-connection between radio access network and core network (S1 interface)
The EPS architecture is made up of an
EPC (Packet Core Network, also referred
as SAE) and an eUTRAN Radio Access
Network (also referred as LTE)
The EPC provides access to external
packet IP networks and performs a number
of CN related functions (e.g. QoS, security,
mobility and terminal context management)
for idle (camped) and active terminals
The eUTRAN performs all radio interface
related functions
IMS/PDN
EPC
eUTRAN
LTE-UE
EPS
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview8 Nokia Siemens Networks
Basic Network Architecture
MME
SGW
IMS
Internet
Companyintranet
SAE-GW
LTE-UE eNB
eNB
HSS
PCRF
PGW
X2 S1-MME
S1-U S5/S8
S11Gx
Rx+
SGi
S6a
Uu
eUTRAN EPC
Control plane path
User data path
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview9 Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE/EPS Mobility Areas
Two areas are defined for handling of mobility in LTE/EPS:
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview10 Nokia Siemens Networks
Tracking Areas
S-eNBTAI3
TAI3TAI3
TAI3
TAI3TAI3
TAI3
MME
HSS
eNB
TAI2
TAI2TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI1
TAI1TAI1
TAI1
TAI1eNB 1 2
MME
3
Cell Identity
Tracking Area
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview11 Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE Mobility & Connection States
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview12 Nokia Siemens Networks
LTE/EPS Bearer: Identity & Architecture
cell
S1-ULTE-Uu S5/S8
PDN
SGieNB Serving
GatewayPDN
Gateway
E-UTRAN EPC PDN
An EPS bearer identity uniquely identifies an EPS bearer for one UE. The EPS Bearer Identity
is allocated by the MME.
LTE/EPS Bearer spans the complete network, from UE over EUTRAN and EPC up to the
connector of the external PDN.
The SAE bearer is associated with a quality of service (QoS) usually expressed by a label or
QoS Class Identifier (QCI)
LTE-UE
End-to-End Service
EPS Bearer External Bearer
Radio Bearer S1 Bearer S5/S8 Bearer
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview13 Nokia Siemens Networks
The Default Bearer Concept
Each UE that is attached to the LTE network has at least one bearer available, that is called the default bearer.
Its goal is to provide continuous IP connectivity towards the EPC (always-on concept)
From the QoS point of view, the default bearer is normally a quite basic bearer
If an specific service requires more stringent QoS attributes, then a dedicated bearer should be established.
cell
S1-U
UE
S5PDN
Sgi
eNB
Serving
Gateway
PDN
Gateway
Default EPS Bearer
MME
S1-MME
S11
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview14 Nokia Siemens Networks
EPS Bearer QoS Attributes
EPS Bearer QoS Parameters
(To be defined per Bearer)
Default Bearer/Dedicated Bearer
GBR/N-GBR
MBR
UL/DL-TFT
QCI
ARP
EPS Bearer QoS Parameters
(To be defined per User) AMBR
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview15 Nokia Siemens Networks
QoS Class Identifier (QCI) Table in 3GPP
GBR1
Guarantee Delay budget Loss rate ApplicationQCI
GBR
100 ms 1e-2 VoIP
2
GBR
150 ms 1e-3 Video call
3
GBR
300 ms 1e-6 Streaming
4
Non-GBR 100 ms 1e-6 IMS signalling5
Non-GBR 100 ms 1e-3 Interactive gaming6
Non-GBR 300 ms 1e-6TCP protocols : browsing, email, file download
7
Non-GBR 300 ms 1e-68
Non-GBR 300 ms 1e-69
Priority
2
4
5
1
7
6
8
9
50 ms 1e-3 Real time gaming3
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview16 Nokia Siemens Networks
EMM & ECM States Transitions
EMM_Deregistered
ECM_Idle
Power On
Registration (Attach)
EMM_Registered
ECM_Connected
Allocate C-RNTI, S_TMSI
Allocate IP addresses
Authentication
Establish security context
Release RRC connection
Release C-RNTI
Configure DRX for paging
EMM_Registered
ECM_Idle
Release due to
Inactivity
Establish RRC Connection
Allocate C-RNTI
New TrafficDeregistration (Detach)
Change PLMN
Release C-RNTI, S-TMSI
Release IP addresses
Timeout of Periodic TA
Update
Release S-TMSI
Release IP addresses
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview17 Nokia Siemens Networks
E-UTRAN Functionalities 3GPP TS 36.401
Evolved
Node B
(eNB)cell
LTE-Uu
LTE-UE
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview18 Nokia Siemens Networks
NSN LTE / EPC Portfolio
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview19 Nokia Siemens Networks
Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE
Remote RF Head Solution for RL15TD:
System module
RRH for RF function, one per sector/cell
Feederless & distributedRemote RF Module
System Module
OBSAI RP3-01 optical
Antenna
GPS Receiver
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview20 Nokia Siemens Networks
FlexiBTS Product Differences between FDD&TDD
Remote Radio Head2 Path or8 path (beamforming)
System Module
OBSAI RP3-01 optical
Antenna
GPS Receiver
FCMDTransport Block
FSPC BB cardFSPC BB cardFSPC BB card
RF feeder
Antenna
GPS Receiver
System Module
RF Module
FDD/RL25TD: RF Module Solution
Near the System Module
TDD: Remote Radio Head Solution
Near the Antenna (RL05/15)
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview21 Nokia Siemens Networks
Flexi Network Server
RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview22 Nokia Siemens Networks
Flexi Network Gateway
1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
TD-LTE Flexi BTS HardwareeNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)
2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
Intellectual Property Rights
All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
4 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Contents
Introduction to the FlexiBTS architecture
FlexiBTS installation options
Description of TD-LTE FlexiBTS modules and sub-modules
5 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
PCRFHSS
User planeControl plane
TD-LTE Radio Access Network
MME
Serving
GW
PDN
GW
IMS
Services in Packet Data Network
Internet
Operatorservices
Companyintranets
eNodeB
3GPP Rel 8 network architecture
SAE-GW
6 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
NSN TD-LTE Flexi BTS structure overview
Flexi BTS introduces a new platform
The modular design doesnt use any backplanes
Modules are interconnected through front panel cabling
Modules can be installed separate from each other (Feederless / Distributed Sites)
A TD-LTE Flexi BTS consists of one System Module and
1 optional Extension System Module
up to three Remote Radio Heads or a Radio Module
Radio Module is available with 3 Power Amplifiers (PAs)
each PA contains one up to 20 MHz carrier
Remote Radio Heads are optimized for 1 sector with
2 PAs with up to 20 MHz bandwidth
BTS configurations
up to 1+1+1 with 20 MHz
Module weight: 19-25 kg per Module
The Base Station can be installed by one person
7 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Generic FlexiBTS Product Description
Remote RF Module
System Module
OBSAI RP3-01 optical
Antenna
GPS Receiver
FCMDTransport Block
FSPC BB cardFSPC BB cardFSPC BB card
RF Feeder
Antenna
GPS Receiver
System Module
RF Module
#2. RF Module Solution
Near the FSM
#1. Remote RF Head Solution
#3. RF Module Solution
Near the antenna is not showed!!
8 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
BTS SystemModule
Remote RF Head
Flexi BTS Build Up by Modules
OptionalExtension System
Module
AC-> DC BBU
AC (Optional)
SYSTEM MODULE:- C-plane processing + centralised timing- U-plane processing + multiplexing & summing- Ethernet switching- Transport processing- External interfaces- Power Distribution
Remote RF Head:- Modulator- Channelizer- Analog RF processig- Power Amplifier (integr.)- Antenna filter (integr.)
Optical interfaces betweenthe modules
BBU=Battery Backup Unit
Near the antenna, outdoor
Installed in stack or in cabinet, indoor
Remote RF Head
Remote RF Head
9 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Optional
TMA/MHA Optional TMA/MHAs
Optional AC/DC + Battery
Multimode System Module
Two 3-sector RF Modules
Example TD-LTE Flexi BTS Site(RF Module Solution) System Module
Two 3-sector RF Modules for 3 sectors
1+1+1 @ 3 x 120 W 2TX MIMO
Optional 4 way UL diversity
Ultimate capacity with 3x120 W MIMO 2TX
Sector 1
Sector 3
Sector 2
Tx1/RX1
Tx2/RX2
RX3
RX4
10 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Installation options: Pole installation of Remote Radio Heads (RRH)
up to 3 RRHs fit around one pair of FPKA pole mounting brackets.
11 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Installation options: Stack installation
BTS modules are placed in a stack (e.g. floor or shelves)
Outdoor & indoor installations
Modules in casings with back and front covers
Plinth needed (same plinth for all cabinet less installations stack, pole and wall)
Max 22 Height Units (HU) per plinth for zone 2 earthquake zones, max 15 HU for zone 4 earthquake zones
12 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Installation options: Wall installation
BTS modules installed on a wall
Outdoor & indoor installations
Modules in casings with back and front covers
Plinth needed
Up to 2 modules per plinth
Modules installed covers sideways
100 mm space recommended between plinths to enable cabling (see picture)
Standard Flexi BTS clearances apply
13 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Installation options: Pole installation of Modules
BTS modules installed on a pole
Outdoor & indoor installations
Modules in casings with back and front covers
Plinth and pole mounting bracket needed
Up to 2 modules per plinth and 4 per pair of brackets
Modules installed covers sideways
Standard Flexi clearances apply
14 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Installation options: Flexi Cabinet installation
Cabinet can simultaneously house LTE, GSM/EDGE, LTE/HSPA and BBU modules
There are no limitations on how to mix LTE, GSM and WCDMA in one cabinet
Optional Flexi Cabinets for indoor and outdoor installations
Open 19 mechanics with 1 HU fixing steps for flexible module installations
No motherboards or electronics (fans etc)
Not part of EMC shielding
Only front cabling
Module casings and covers are not used
Cooling fans remain in modules
Modules are grounded via rack
Same footprint and cabinet fixing points as with UltraSite and Talk Family
Outdoor: 1550 x 770 x 770 (H x W x D), space for 38HU
Indoor: 1800 x 600 x 600 (H x W x D), space for 36HU
Flexi BTS Outdoor CabinetFCOA
Flexi BTS Indoor CabinetFCIA
15 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
133 mm
3 HU
422 mm
without covers
560 mm
with covers447 mm
for 19 inch rack installation
Weight: 19-25 kg
NSN Flexi LTE BTS Modules
16 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
NSN Flexi BTS System Module
The Flexi System Module hosts the
telecom control
system operation and maintenance
baseband application
transmission
power distribution functionality.
The following versions of the System Module are available:
Multi-Mode System Module versions supporting LTE (TDD/FDD) and WCDMA
operation:
Multimode System Module FSMD
Multimode System Module FSME
17 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi Multimode System Module FSME
High Capacity with FSME
FSME
HW Capacities with 2 TX MIMO and 2 RX
Bandwidth MHz 5 (or less) 10 20 (or 15)
Capacity with FSME 12 cells 6 cells 3 cells
Peak L1 DL Throughput per cell 37 Mbit/s 75 Mbit/s 150 Mbit/s
Peak L1 UL Throughput per cell 12 Mbit/s 25 Mbit/s 50 Mbit/s
FSME
HW Capacities with 2 TX MIMO and 2 RX
Bandwidth MHz 5 (or less) 10 20 (or 15)
Capacity with 2 x FSME 24 cells 12 cells 6 cells
Peak L1 DL Throughput per cell 37 Mbit/s 75 Mbit/s 150 Mbit/s
Peak L1 UL Throughput per cell 12 Mbit/s 25 Mbit/s 50 Mbit/sFSME
Capacity Enhancement with extension FSME
FSME
* FTLB transport sub-module required if transport dimensioned according to peak data rates
18 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Interfaces and alarms
Description (For LTE)
Bandwidth: Up to 20 MHz/sector
RF units supported: 3
Can be connected to LTE and 3G
For outdoor pole/wall mounting (IP 65)
Weight = 48.5 lbs (22 kg)
Volume = 25 liters(h x w x d) [mm] (133x447x422)
Temp. Range -31 +131 F
Power consumption 150 W (typical)
Power supply DC -48 V
Overview Optical OBSAI RP3-01 interfaces to RRH
(RF Modules)
Integrated BB and BTS Control
Integrated Transport: FTLB Module
2 Electrical, 1 Optical GE Ports
For trial electrical interface is planned
BTS site external alarms and controls
Ext Synchronization out and input
Redundant integrated fans
Flexi Multimode System Module (FSME)
Multi-standard System Module for LTE and 3G
FTLB Transport Module
19 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Exploded view of System Module delivery items
20 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FSMC/D/E SYSTEM MODULE INTERFACES 1/2
21 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Variable transmission interfaces8 x RJ-48/16 x SMB/2 x TNC/1 x duplex LC connector
2 x RJ-45 connector
1x GE via SFP transceiver
Transmission interfaces
GroundingScrew M5Grounding
Power feedTX25 screw terminals for 8 25 mm2cableDC input
System and baseband extension interfacesDuplex LC connectorOPT-EXT 2
System and baseband extension interfacesDuplex LC connectorOPT-EXT 1
Interface for RF Module 3Duplex LC connectorOPT-RF 3
Interface for RF Module 2Duplex LC connectorOPT-RF 2
Interface for RF Module 1Duplex LC connectorOPT-RF 1
BTS synchronization input interface (for external sources)MDR26 connectorSync in
BTS synchronization output interfaceMDR14 connectorSync out
External alarms and controlsMDR36 connectorEAC
External transport equipment interface (for I-HSPA Adapter)RJ-45 connector1000 Eth ETP
Control and location data transferRJ-45 connector10/100/ (1000 for Rel. 2) Eth OVP1)
Site support control over IP/site support hard-wired alarmsRJ-45 connector10/100/ (1000 for Rel. 2) Eth FPMA
For local management toolRJ-45 connector10/100/ (1000 for Rel. 2) Eth LMP
Power delivery to System Extension Module operating in BB-ext
mode and to the main fuse for System Modules. Fuse rating
25A. Can be used for I-HSPA and GPS mediator (FSEG).
Multi-beam XL power supply connectorPower supply System Extension Module
operating in BB-ext mode
Power delivery to RF3. Fuse rating 20A.
Recommended for I-HSPA use. Can be used for GPS mediator
(FSEG).
Multi-beam XL power supply connectorPower supply RF module 3
Power delivery to RF2. Fuse rating 20A.Multi-beam XL power supply connectorPower supply RF module 2
Power delivery to RF1. Fuse rating 20A.Multi-beam XL power supply connectorPower supply RF module 1
PurposeTypeConnector
SYSTEM MODULE INTERFACES 2/2
22 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FSMD/E Functional Block
FSPC 1 FSPC 2 FSPC 3
FCMD
FSME only
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FCMD Functionalities
FCMD -- Flexi Control and Multiplexing Sub-Assembly, version D
Takes care of controlling of System Module O&M features for FTM and FSPCs
intelligence temperature control,
clock distribution to the BTS
baseband- and RF-synchronization
power distribution
Platform for user plane resource manager, optical interfaces to/from another modules and summing&multiplexing for baseband pooling
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FSPC Functionalities
FSPC Flexi Signal Processor, version C
User plane signal processing including L1 and part of L2
Frame protocol termination
Radio link signalling
Local O&M
Boot SW download fail recovery
25 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FSPC 3
FSPC 2
FSPC Functional Block
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 1
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 2
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 3
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 4
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 5
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 6
CPU
1
CPU
2
CPU
3
Faraday
DSP 7
FSPC 1
FSPC Flexi Signal Processor version C
DSP Digital Signal Processor
Faraday Manufacturer name
26 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Power Distribution and Fuses module (FPFB)
Type label
FPFB
DC Input Connector
27 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FPFB Interfaces
28 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FPFB functionality
Remote controlled, output disabledYellow, blinking
Fault, output disabledRed
Normal operation, output enabledGreen
Stand-by, output disabled manuallyYellow
IndicationLED colour
FPFB LED indication:
The FPFB does not have any circuit breakers but instead electrical fuses and a dedicated power switch for the System Module.
There are five membrane switches on the FPFB front panel for the outputs. The switches control power control circuits and have two states: On and Stand-by.
This allows to individually connect or disconnect the power supply from each of the max 5 modules:
System Module
RF Module / RRH 1
RF Module / RRH 2
RF Module / RRH 3
Extension System Module
The fuse rates for the FPFB are RF1-3 31.0A (+/-2A), EXT 25.0A (+/- 4.5A)
29 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi System Module + Transport sub-module
FTM is the integrated transmission
module of the FlexiBTS
It is mechanically and electrically
connected to the System Module of
the FlexiBTS
30 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FTLB - PDH / Ethernet
LTE - is ready for LTE by software upgrade
Interfaces
2 x electrical Gigabit Ethernet, RJ45 (10/100/1000Base-T)
1 x optical Gigabit Ethernet, via optional SFP (e.g. for 1000Base-SX/LX)
4 x E1/T1/JT1 symmetrical, RJ48 (coaxial E1 supported via baluns)
Data throughput
2 Gbit/s UL+DL
Connector types
E1: 1 x RJ 48 per IF
Ethernet: RJ 45
opt. Ethernet: SFP with LC connector
SFP slot
31 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
FTIB - PDH / Ethernet
LTE - is ready for LTE by software upgrade
Interfaces
2 x electrical Gigabit Ethernet, RJ45 (10/100/1000Base-T)
1 x optical Gigabit Ethernet, via optional SFP (e.g. for 1000Base-SX/LX)
4 x E1/T1/JT1 symmetrical, RJ48 (coaxial E1 supported via baluns)
Data throughput
160 Mbit/s UL +DL
Connector types
E1: 1 x RJ 48 per IF
Ethernet: RJ 45
opt. Ethernet: SFP with LC connector
SFP slot
32 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Remote Radio Head
with cover
and
mounting kit
AXIS
FZNB/FZHB
naked
33 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Remote Radio Head Functional Blocks (FZNB/FZHB)
FZNB: 2300 2TX 20+20W
FZHB: 2600 2TX 20+20W
34 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Interfaces
Description (For LTE)
Bandwidth: 20 MHz
Output power 20W+20W
2 Rx and 2 Tx paths
For outdoor use/ pole and wall mounting (IP 65)
Weight = 36.3 lbs
Volume < 20 liters
Power supply DC -48 V
Power consumption 190 W (typical)
Temp. Range -35 +55 C
Mechanical target design (Typical)
Interface: OBSAI
RET support (AISG & 3GPP)
External equipment alarm & control
MIMO Remote Radio Head (20 W+20 W)
Best MIMO RF performance with one RF Head per sector
MIMO Remote Radio Head
20 W TX2& Div RX
20 W TX1& RX
ANT
35 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Remote Radio Head Interfaces (FZNB/FZHB)
36 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Several kinds of RRH/RF module used in TD-LTE
Limited customer trials (China)
RL15TD8x582570-262010/20FZHD
Limited customer trials (China)
RL25TD8x1082600FZHA
RL25TD4x1062300-2400Up to 40
FZNC
Limited customer trials (Japan)
RL25TD42545-2575FZOB
RL15TD
RL15TD
RL15TD
RL15TD
RL05TD
Release
ALL MARKETS20+2022545-263010/20FZHB
Limited customer trials (Japan)
8x582545-257510/20FZOA
Limited customer trials
8x582496-269010/20FZHC
20+20
10+10
Tx Power (W)
10/20
10/20
BW (MHz)
ALL MARKETS22300-2400FZNB
-22300-2400FYRN
MarketsNo. of TX
Band (MHz)Type
37 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Interfaces
Description (For LTE)
Bandwidth Up to 20 MHz
Output power 40 W @ antenna conn. for trial version, 60 W for commercial version
2 Rx and 1 Tx paths per Carrier
For outdoor use/ pole and wall mounting (IP 65)
Weight = 51.3 lbs (23,3 kg)
Volume = 25 liters(h x w x d) [mm] (133x447x422)
Power supply DC -48 V
Power consumption 390 W (typical)
Temp. Range -31 +131 F
Mechanical design (Typical)
Interface: OBSAI
RET support (AISG & 3GPP)
External equipment alarm & control
Flexi 3-Sector RF Module
The most cost and size optimized 3-sector configuration
Sector 3
Div Rx Tx/RxSector 2
Div Rx Tx/RxSector 1
Div Rx Tx/Rx
38 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi Power Module FPMA
Example configuration with:
1 x Flexi Power Module FPMA
3 Flexi Power AC/DC sub-modules FPAA (230VAC -> 48VDC)
1 Flexi Power Battery FPBA
+
-
48VDC
output to
BTS
AC input
cabling to
FPMA
AC feed to
FPAA
(3pcs)
39 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi Power Module FPRA
High power alternative to FPMA
Up to 3 rectifiers
Output power 2 kW per rectifier, 6 kW total DC output power
External batteries supported
40 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Converts nominal 24 V DC input voltage 53-55 V DC output voltage
A maximum of two FPDA modules can be connected in parallel
Integrated self-controlled fan
Maximum DC output power is 2 kw
Flexi Power DC/DC Module (FPDA)
41 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
GPS for Flexi eNB (FYGA)
Trimble Acutime Gold: GPS antenna with inbuilt receiver
Available with Flexi LTE BTS, Flexi WCDMA BTS, Flexi I-HSPA BTS
Flexi BTS System Module
Flexi BTS RF Modules /
power supply Module
connected to Synch In
42 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi mounting kit for floor, wall and pole (FMFA)
Plinth FMFA 101...103
Fixing adapters
Plinth FMFA 104
43 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS Hardware
Flexi External Alarm Box (FSEB)
Extending the Flexi BTS alarm connector to
support up to 24 alarm interfaces.
12 alarms are supported for Flexi LTE BTS.
Support for the fire detector
IP55 protection
11 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Flexi Multiradio LTE BTSCommissioning and IntegrationeNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)
2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
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All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Module Contents
BTS SiteManager Installation
Manual BTS SW update
Manual BTS Commissioning
Integration
4 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Flexi Multiradio LTE BTS Commissioning
Start
Power On
Autoconnection
Enabled
Autoconfiguration
Enabled
SW Update
Commissioning file
download from
iOMS
Site reset
Commisisoning
tests (optional)
Integration
Local Connect
Remote
Connect
SW Update
Commissioning
File?
Planned Template Manual
Enter site-specific
parameters
Enter all
parameters
Site reset
Commissioning
Report
Done
Yes
Yes
No
No
Autoconfiguration
Report
Complete Template None
Commisisoning
tests (optional)
4
35 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LTE BTS Site Manager Requirements
Item Specification
Processor Minimum: 1 GHz
Recommended: 1.7 GHz
Memory Minimum: 512 MB
Recommended: 1 GB
Hard disk space 260 MB
Ethernet connection 10/100/1000 Mbit/s Ethernet card
Communication cable (10baseT Ethernet
cable with RJ-45 connector)
Display 1024x768
Pointing device Mouse, touch pad, track ball or equivalent
with 2 click buttons
CD-ROM drive (for installation) optional
Printer optional
Operating syste Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7
Windows Server 2003
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 ES GNOME
desktop.
5
6 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LTE BTS Site Manager Installation
6
Normally we recommend to
keep the older versions
when installing a new BTS
Site Manager. The more
BTS Site Manager versions
are installed the less likely is
an incompatibility issue with
BTSs running on various
SW levels.
47 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Launching BTS Site Manager
PC Setting for Local Connection
7
8 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Launching BTS Site Manager
If connecting remotely,
enter Management Plane
IP address of the BTS.
Remote connection to an
un-commissioned BTS will
not be available, because
no MP IP address has
been configured yet.
8
59 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
If there is no any signed certificate installed on the BTS it is required
during the Authentication phase to accept self-signed BTS certificate.
Accept self-signed Certificate
9
10 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Verify BTS Software Level
active SW
running in the
FSMx
active SW
running in the
RRH
active SW
running in the
FTM
611 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Software Update via BTS Site Manager
11
File selected was
LNT1.0_ENB_1010_066_07_release
_BTSSM_downloadable.zip, BTSSM
decompresses and selects the
TargetBD file which points to
necessary binaries for this release.
SW update takes
approximately 20 minutes,
depending on number of
files updated and bandwidth
of DCN connection
12 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Manual Commissioning
713 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Commissioning Options
13
14 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Site Commissioning File (SCF)
14
815 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Site Commissioning File Creation
15
16 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
HW Selection
Select
correspondent
FSMx, FTM and
RRH HW
917 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
E-UTRAN Cell Identifier
EUTRAN-CGI
20 bits correspond to eNB ID (parameter LNBTS-id) 8 bits lcrId
28 bits
17
18 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Site Properties
iOMS IP
address
18
The BTS can act as a DHCP server, providing an IP
address to external SSE (Site Support Equipment).
1. Provide a single (example above) or range of IP
addresses to the connected devices without further
specification on which device will get which IP
address.
2. HW ID provides a certain IP address to the specified
MAC address (ID).
3. Client ID provides a certain IP address to the specified
client ID.Up to 3 NTP
servers can be
configured
10
19 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Security
The Authentication Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol server
is required for the optional
Remote User Account
Management.
The Certificate Management
Protocol / Certificate Authority
server optionally handles the
automatic installation and
renewal of certificates in the
BTS. Certificates are needed to
support the features Transport
Layer Security and IP Security.
The optional Transport Layer Security for OAM
interface can be Forced on, forced OFF or
Probing (on if supported by certificates,
otherwise off).
For security reasons the operator may want to
block the BTS from replying to Ping and
Traceroute messages by removing the tick.The FTP server function may
be required to transfer files
to/from the eNodeB without the
use of the BTSSite Manager.
20 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Physical Layer Configuration - Transport
20
In LTE, an E1/T1 IF can only be used
for one purpose: Synchronization.
Up to 3 Ethernet interfaces can be used
(with FTIB only 2, EIF1&3 or 2&3). The
Ethernet switching function is configured
on the next page.
11
21 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ethernet Switching in DSCP Mode with FTLB
The QoS aware Ethernet switching
function supports 6 queues in
FTLB. The queue weight is
configurable in the range 1...8.
If the Ethernet network allows the
operator to temporarily
oversubscript the leased
bandwidth, then an increasing of
the egress data rate to max. 106%
may help to avoid congestion and
buffer overflow.
Note: This option is not available
with FTIB.
The criteria for queue mapping can
be Differentiated Services Code
Point or the DSCP or VLAN priority
code point VLAN-PCP.
22 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ethernet Switching in DSCP Mode with FTIB
The QoS aware Ethernet switching
function supports 4 queues in FTIB.
The queue weight is configurable in
the range 1...8.
The criteria for queue mapping can
be Differentiated Services Code
Point or the DSCP or VLAN priority
code point VLAN-PCP.
The Shaper allows to limit the
switched bandwidth per interface in
Egress and Ingress direction
individually.
12
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ethernet Switching capabilities FTIB vs. FTLB
EIF 1
EIF 2
EIF 3
EIF 1
EIF 2
EIF 3
FTIB FTLB
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Recommended Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP)
1001010011
1200110021
0000000Best Efford
46011101Expedited Forwarding
1401110031
1801001012
2000101022
2201101032
2601011013
2800111023
3001111033
3401000114
3600100124
3801100134
DSCPDrop Precedence
Per Hop BehaviourAssured forwardingclass
decimalDrop Precedence
PHB binarybinary
13
25 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ethernet Switching in VLAN-PCP mode
In VLAN-PCP Mode, the mapping to
a queue is based on the VLAN
priority.
The switch mode can be based on
the MAC address only or on both
VLAN ID and MAC address. If kept,
then VLAN Id of untagged frames is
set to 1. The user defined VLAN ID
list can contain up to 16 entries
(single or range).
28 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
IP Interfaces
Is the individual TRS Eth / Vlan
shaper (Path) or the overall shaper
(WFQ) used
Weight for the overall WFQ
scheduler.
Enables QoS of the WFQ scheduler (pg.
9/31). Only 1 Eth IF or VLAN can have
QoS enabled.
BFD is an option to monitor IP
connectivity to a far end Router. Two
different routers (session 1 and 2) can be
monitored. If IP connectivity gets lost, an
BFD alarm is generated.
14
29 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Transport Ethernet / VLAN QoS
all SIR/SBSVLAN w
SIR/SBS
Overall
WFQegress
WFQ
SP
all
all
all
Overall
Shaper
TRS Eth IF / VLAN v weight
TRS Eth IF / VLAN w Weight
SIR/SBS
SIR/SBS
SIR/SBS
Standard IP routingon IP destination
User
Ctrl
Mgmt
Sync
a
b
c
d
f
g
h
i
j
VLAN v
VLAN x
VLAN y
VLAN z
Applications
ApplicationIP
Addresses
Interface IP Addresses
Expedited Forwarding
Assured Forwarding 4
Assured Forwarding 3
Assured Forwarding 2
Assured Forwarding 1
Best Effort
User-definedweights
WeightedFair
QueuingScheduler
QoS Enabled
QoS Disabled
QoS Disabled
QoS Disabled
QoS Disabled
individual Shaping
Traffic ShapingType: Path
overall VLAN Shaping
Traffic ShapingType: WFQ
Shaper Information Rate
Shaper Burst Size
Total Shaper
Information
Rate
Total Shaper
Burst Size
TRS Eth IF / VLAN x Weight
TRS Eth IF / VLAN y Weight
TRS Eth IF / VLAN z Weight
30 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Quality of Service
The Quality Of Service definitions on this page are applied
to only that Transport Ethernet interface or VLAN for which
QoS is enabled.
The Weight definitions specify how the WFQ
scheduler proiritizes between the 5 queues.
This table defines the
mapping of a Traffic
type to a DSCP.
This table defines the mapping of a DSCP to
the PHB (defaults according to
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2597
recommendations) and VLAN priority.
NOTE: Radio Network Parameters (LNBTS MO) contain
mapping of LTE QCI indices to transport DSCP and radio
bearer parameters (loss, delay, RLC mode).
Control Plane
Management Plane
Internet Control Message Protocol
Synchronization Plane
Internet Key Exchange
Bi-directional Forwarding Detection
Site Support Equipment
15
31 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Timing over Packet
Activating the Timing over Packet in use
field makes it available as a synchronization
source when defining the Timing Sources on
the Synchronization page of the wizard.
The Master Clock IP address must be
reachable through the Def. GW / Static
Route(s)
The Message rate should be set as high as
necessary for a stable synchronization. The
higher the message rate, the better is the
stability and the higher is the required
bandwidth.
8 times/second: ~7 kbps
16 times/second: ~ 13 kbps
32 times/second: ~ 25 kbps
32 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Application Addresses
16
33 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Activate IPsec and choose a profile
Check the IPSec in use fileld to configure IP Security
processing.
IPSec can be individually configured per traffic type. The pull-
down menu under New Policy lets you select from a list of
Policy templates with pre-filled traffic type specific port numbers
and protcol IDs. Site specific settings still need to be filled in.
34 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
IPSec tunnel
IPSec tunnel
IPSec
Gateway
Local IP address
For own IP networks, this can either be the (physical) Transport Ethernet IP address or
VLAN IP address or, in leased or public (VPN) connections this adress can be virtual*.
Local IPSec tunnel IP adress
This can either be the Transport Ethernet or VLAN IP address.
Note: In RL15TD there can be a maximum of only 1 virtual address and only the Ethernet Transport IP or 1 VLAN IP address are allowed to exist then.
* a virtual address is different from Ethernet interface or VLAN IP address.
Local IP
addressLocal IPSec
tunnel IP address
Remote IPSec
tunnel IP
address
Remote IP
address
eNodeB
17
35 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ipsec settings 1/4 The smaller the Policy order number is the more highly valued is the policy. The applicable Policy/ies with the lowest order
number(s) will be applied.
Bypass-setting does not process any
packets, Discarded-setting does not forward
any packets. Protected-setting follows the
IPsec process.
In case a physical address is used, it can be selected from the
pull-down menu. A virtual address has to be entered manually.
The field is to be left blank, if the same policy is to be applied to all
(VLAN) IP addresses.
The port number has to be specified according to the traffic type
this policy is applied for.
If a policy is to be used for all types of traffic, then the Local port
field is to be left blank.
36 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ipsec settings 2/4
The Local Ipsec tunnel endpoint IP address can be selected
from the pull-down menu. It is either the previously configured
Transport Ethernet IP adress or a VLAN IP address.
The Protocol is to be selected according to the traffic type this
policy applies for. For all protocol types, the field is to be left blank.
The Remote IP address, Remote port and Remote Ipsec
tunnel endpoint IP address are set according the configuration
on the Security gateway side of the Ipsec tunnel.
18
37 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ipsec settings 3/4The IKE Internet Key Exchange is a protocol to
exchange the keys used for IPSec encryption in
a secure way and to detect if the far end peer is
still alive (DPD-Dead Peer Detection). There are
2 versions V1 and V2. The version has to be
selected according to the far end configuration at
the Security Gateway
This is the encryption
method used for the Key
exchange.
This is the Encapsulated
Security Payload
encryption method used
for IPSec.
39 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Ipsec settings 4/4
The Dead peer detection delay is the time
between sending R-U-there messages in IKEv1
or Information Request Messgages in IKEv2.
The Dead peer detection
timeout is the time after which a
R-U-there Acknowledge message
must be received. Otherwise a
DPD alarm is raised.
In IKEv2 the Dead peer detection
timeout is not adjustable, but
fixed to 165 seconds
(T1...T6 = 4+7+13+24+42+75
sec.).
The Security associated lifetime is the time
after which the key used for ESP encryption is
automatically renewed.
Anti replay is a method to protect the transport interface from replay attacks where formerly recorded data
packages are send to the receiver in order to authenticate the (non-authorized) sender, even the encryption
key is not known by him.
Anti replay is based on a consecutive numbering of data packages with a sequence number. A replayed
package would have the same sequence number like the original package and the receiver (here FTLB)
would then discard the (faked) package. Also packages with a delay of more than one Anti replay window
size would be rejected.
19
40 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Synchronization
Maximum 2 Timing Sources can be configured. First Prority 1
must exist before selecting Priority 2.
Avalable Types
1. E1 interface, if previously set in use.
2. Synchronous Ethernet
3. Timing over Packet, if previously configured.
Priority 3 is always Internal clock.
41 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Routing
20
42 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
IP Filtering
There a are 3 ways to configure IP Filtering.
1. Exception Rules allow the access to the Site
Support equipment for certain IP
addresses. Several rules can be
configured for single or ranges of far end
IP addresses.
2. Restricted mode ON -> Remote Access to
Site Support IP addresses totally blocked.
3. Restricted mode OFF -> Remote Access to
Site Support IP addresses allowed for any
far end IP address.
1.
2.
3.
43 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
BTS Settings
43
21
44 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Cell Resource
lcrId
MIMO mode:
SingleTx
TxDiv
Static Open Loop MIMO
Dynamic Open Loop MIMO
Closed Loop MIMO
Single Stream Beamforming
45 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
3GPP Frequency Bands for TDD
20 361991920 360001900 361991920 360001900 33
15 363492025 362002010 363492025 362002010 34
60 369491910 363501850 369491910 363501850 35
60 375491990 369501930 375491990 369501930 36
20 377491930 375501910 377491930 375501910 37
50 382492620 377502570 382492620 377502570 38
40 386491920 382501880 386491920 382501880 39
100 396492400 386502300 396492400 386502300 40
eUARFCN
DLhigh
eUARFCN
DLlow
eUARFCN
ULhigh
eUARFCN
ULlow
BW /
MHz
F Downlink
high
F Downlink
low
F Uplink
high
F Uplink
low
Band
NDL andNUL are earfcn which is attribute of LNCEL.
Earfcn = 38000
FDL = FUL = FDL_low + 0.1 (eUARFCNDL eUARFCNDLlow) = 2570 + 0.1 (38000 37750) =2570 + 25 = 2595 MHz
FDL[MHz] = FDL_low + 0.1 (eUARFCNDL eUARFCNDLlow)
FUL[MHz] = FUL_low + 0.1 (eUARFCNUL eUARFCNULlow)
Example from band 38 (2600 MHz)
Calculation of UL & DL Frequencies:
As for TDD, DL=UL
22
46 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LTE Carriers
46
47 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Antenna Line Management
47
TDD uses RRH (Remote Radio
Head), which installed as close as
the antenna, therefore MHA is not
necessary for compensating the
feeder loss
23
48 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
AISG Line Settings
48
49 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Siemens Proprietary AISG1.1 TMARET and RET Settings
49
24
50 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
RET Settings
50
51 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
System Module External Fault and Control Settings
51
25
52 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Radio Network Configuration handling introduction
RNW parameters are
formatted in a hierarchy, click
arrows to see subordinate
objects.
Parameters can be listed
in two orders:
Alpahbetically lets you
easily find a parameter
known by name.
Related Functions uses
the same order as in the
SCF xml-file.
Hover mouse over parameter
name to see description and
short name (as appears in SCF
file).
A validation check is performed by the BTS
Manager. A missing or invalid parameter leads to
an Error indication and description (table
below).
53 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LNBTS MO Key Parameters
Must be unique in
PLMN. Same value
as MRBTS ID and
eNB ID
Values currently can
only be changed by
manually editing SCF
file.
53
26
54 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
ADIPNO MO Key Parameters
54
55 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
GTPU MO Key Parameters
User plane
supervision
27
56 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
SCTP MO Key Parameters
Control plane supervision
Note The S1 and X2 SCTP ports are not configurable anymore from
RL15TD onwards. It is now hard-coded to the 3GPP specified values 36412
for S1 and 36422 for X2.
57 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LNCEL MO Key Parameters
57
28
58 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LNCEL MO Key Parameters
tddFrameConf: TDD UL-DL configuration (06)
DUUSDUUUSD5 ms6
DDDDDDDUSD10 ms5
DDDDDDUUSD10 ms4
DDDDDUUUSD10 ms3
DDUSDDDUSD5 ms2
DUUSDDUUSD5 ms1
UUUSDUUUSD5 ms0
9876543210
Subframe numberDownlink-to-Uplink
Switch-point
periodicity
Uplink-downlink
configuration
59 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
LNCEL MO Key Parameters
tddSpecSubfConf: TDD special subframe configuration (08)
---1118No
---2107Yes
19396No
28
2
935Yes 2
731124No
1102113No
293102No
38491No1
83
1
1030No
UpPTSGPDwPTSUpPTSGPDwPTS
Extended CP (DL and UL)Normal CP (DL and UL)Format
RL15TD
29
60 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Send Parameters Online Mode
60
Send Parameters will update the
BTS with the new configuration and
restart the BTS (if required) to
enable the changes.
61 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
BTS Commissioning: Send Parameters
Initial BTS State
All relevant commissioning
parameters are set -> Send
Parameters to the BTS.
Expected final BTS State
Transfer status
61
30
62 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Verify Commissioning
62
63 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Integration
31
64 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
BTS Startup Overview
BTS Initialising
BTS Uncommissioned
BTS Commissioned
BTS Configured
BTS Integrated to RAN
BTS Test Dedicated State
BTS On Air
CDM (SCF file does not exist/
SCF file invalid/ BTS re-hosted)
SCF and RNW
configuration file download
and reset
STUP (SCF exists in BTS,
SCF parsed)
STUP (Ready check done,
FD enabled)
STUP (S1 link connected)
STUP (at least one cell has
operational state Enabled)STUP (none of the
cells is enabled)
STUP (TD state
requested)
BTS can return to normal
operation only after reset
Power ON / reset
64
65 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Test IP Connectivity
65
Choose All configured hosts and make
sure OAM, NTP Server, and Default
gateway are connected.
Choose User-defined address and enter
the IP address for MME, S-GW, adjacent
eNB. (assuming no firewall restrictions
block ICMP).
Select source address appropriate for
interface you are testing.
32
66 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
SCTP Association Establishment
eNB (Power On / Reset) MMESCTP: INIT
SCTP: INIT_ACK
SCTP: COOKIE_ECHO
SCTP: COOKIE_ACK
SCTP: HEARTBEAT
SCTP: HEARTBEAT_ACK
SCTP: HEARTBEAT
SCTP: HEARTBEAT_ACK
...
SCTP
establishment
SCTP link
supervision
66
67 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
S1 Setup Procedure
eNB MME
S1AP: S1 SETUP REQUEST
SCTP: SACK
S1AP: S1 SETUP RESPONSE
SCTP: SACK
eNB global ID, eNB name, supported TAs and Paging DRX configuration
ServedGUMMEI, Relative MME capacity
GUMMEI: Globally Unique MME Identity
TA: Tracking Area
DRX: Discontinue Reception
67
33
68 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Commissioning and Integration
Verify Integration
68
1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT Transport
LTE Transport OvervieweNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)
2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
Intellectual Property Rights
All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
4 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Contents
5 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
EUTRAN Interfaces
6 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Transport Security New Threats
NB Server
Internet OperatorServices
UE
3G
RNC
3GPP U-plane security
Core
eNBServer
Internet OperatorServices
UE
LTE
U-plane security
Core
Core nodes and
adjacent eNBs
can be attacked!
User traffic
can be
compromised!
Location of base station changes
Traditionally in secure, locked sites
In future increasingly in public places or homes
Attack methods evolve
Better attack tools are widely available
Higher processing power to break algorithms
More sophisticated attacks, done by professionals
7 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
IPSec with PKI is the Standardized Solution
Relevant 3GPP standards
TS 33.210 Network Domain Security
TS 33.310 Authentication Framework
TS 33.401 Security Architecture
eNBServer
Internet OperatorServices
UE
Core
Security
Gateway
(SEG)
Security
Gateway
(SEG)
integrated in
Flexi BTS
IPSec tunnelCert Cert
Authentication
Confidentiality
Integrity protection
PKI: Public Key Infrastructure
8 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Asymmetric Cryptography:Public & Private Keys
Document
Clear Text
BPUBLIC
KEYPRIVATE
KEY
B
Document
Clear Text
PRIVATE
KEY
BDocument
Clear Text
Document
Clear Text
BPUBLIC
KEY
Document
Clear Text
BPUBLIC
KEY FAILS !
Document
Clear Text
Interceptor
BPUBLIC
KEY
A B
Source: Raimund Kausl
9 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Digital Certificate Concept
It includes no secrets
It is issued by a trusted authority which states I guarantee that this particular public key is associated with this particular user, trust me!
It binds the entitys identity to the public key
It contains at least the
Name of the user respectively subject certificate owner
A copy of the users public key
Name of the trusted Authority respectively issuer Certificate Authority (CA)
Digital signature of the Certificate Authority
A subject could be any end entity that has an unique identity like
People
Executable programs / SW
Network elements like Web servers,a LTE Flexi Multiradio BTS ,
Certificate for User A
I officially notarize the
association between this
particular user and particular
public key
APUBLIC
KEY
Subjects Name: A
YourCertification Authority
Source: Raimund Kausl
10 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
User Plane Protocol Stack
11 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Transport Overhead
GTP-U (without header extension) 8 bytes
UDP 8 bytes
IPv4 (transport) 20 bytes
IPSec ESP Header (SPI/Sequence Number) 8 bytes
AES Initialisation Vector 16 bytes
ESP Trailer (2-17 bytes, incl. 0-15 padding bytes, average 8
bytes) 10 bytes
IPSec Authentication (HMAC-SHA-1-96) 12 bytes
IPSec Tunnel mode IP header 20 bytes
Ethernet higher layer (incl. 4 bytes for VLAN) 22 bytes
Eth. Inter Frame Gap, Preamble/SFD 20 bytes
Total transport overhead 144 bytes
12 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Dimensioning Based on Air Interface CapacityC
ell
pe
ak
Cell average
eN
B
tra
nsp
ort
All-AverageAll-Average/
Single-Peak
Peak
Rate!
All-Peak
Overb
ookin
g
13 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Dimensioning Example: All-Average/Single-Peak Throughput 1+1+1/10MHz
Notes:
Dimensioning: Max (3 x average rate, peak rate)
M-plane (~1Mbit/s), C-plane (~0.3Mbit/s), X2 U-plane (~30ms bursts) not included
Air
Interface
eNB
92
29
Ethernet layer, with IPSec
Transport
Interface
3 cells, 10MHz, 2x2 MIMO
DL 18 Mbit/s net PHY average rate per cell
UL 7 Mbit/s net PHY average rate per cell
DL 77 Mbit/s net PHY peak rate per cell
UL 24 Mbit/s net PHY peak rate per cell
77
24
+20%
Transport to support the aggregated average capacity of all cells, while at least supporting the peak capacity of one cell
14 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Dimensioning Example:All-Peak S1 Throughput 2+2+2/20MHz
Notes:
Dimensioning: 6 x peak rate
M-plane (~1Mbit/s), C-plane (~0.3Mbit/s), X2 U-plane (~30ms bursts) not included
Air
Interface
eNB
1100
340
918
282
Ethernet layer, with IPSec6 cells, 20MHz, 2x2 MIMO
DL 153 Mbit/s net PHY peak rate per cell
UL 47 Mbit/s net PHY peak rate per cell
Transport
Interface
Transport to support the aggregated peak capacity of all cells (non-blocking)
+20%
15 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Quality of Service Requirements
QCI Resource Type Priority
Packet Delay
Budget
Packet Loss
Rate Example Services
1 GBR 2 100 ms 10-2 Conversational Voice
2 GBR 4 150 ms 10-3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming)
3 GBR 5 300 ms 10-6
Non-Conversational Video (Buffered
Streaming)
4 GBR 3 50 ms 10-3 Real Time Gaming
5 Non-GBR 1 100 ms 10-6 IMS Signaling
6 Non-GBR 7 100 ms 10-3
Voice, Video (Live Streaming) Interactive
Gaming
7 Non-GBR 6 Video (Buffered Streaming)
8 Non-GBR 8 300 ms 10-6
TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p
file sharing, progressive video, etc.)
9 Non-GBR 9
LTE User Plane QoS Requirements
16 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Synchronization via Transport Network
17 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
LTE Radio to Transport QoS Mapping
18 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Packet Scheduling
19 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Traffic Prioritization
20 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Flexi Multiradio BTS IP Address Model (1/2)
S1/X2 U-plane application
S1/X2 C-plane application
S-plane application
M-plane application
eNB
internal
routing
U
C
M
S
Binding to virtual address
Binding to interface address
eNB applications may be bound to
interface address(es) or virtual address(es)
Interface IP address
Virtual IP address
eNB
The eNB can be configured with separate IP addresses for User, Control,Management and Synchronization Plane applications.
21 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
IP Addressing Examples
eNB applications may be bound to
interface address(es) or virtual address(es)
M
S
U
C
U
C
M
S
M
S
U
C
Application(s) bound to interface address(es) Application(s) bound to virtual address(es)
Address sharing, i.e. configuration with the same IP address, is possible. In the simplest configuration, the eNB features a single IP address.
eNB
internal
routing
Virtual addressInterface address
Multiple interface addresses
Address sharing(Single address)
22 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Flexi Multiradio BTS IP Address Model (2/2)
Interface address(es) may be assigned to
physical interface(s) or logical interface(s)
Possible data link layer interface types are Ethernet (physical interface) or VLAN (logical interface)
RL15TD supports one physical interface and max 4 logical interfaces
Different interfaces belong to different IP subnets.
VLAN
(optional)
eNB
internal
routing
Interface address assigned to physical
interfaces
eNB
Physical interface
(Ethernet)
VLAN2
VLAN3
VLAN4
VLAN1
eNB
internal
routing
Interface addresses assigned to logical
interfaces
eNBPhysical interface
(Ethernet)
Logical interface (VLAN)
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
IP Addressing with IPSec Tunnel Mode
If IPSec Tunnel Mode is enabled, IPSec tunnel termination
is bound to an interface address
Application(s) bound to interface address
Collapsed "inner" and "outer" address
Application(s) bound to virtual address(es) ("inner) address)
Tunnel terminated at the interface address ("outer address)
Tunnel3
Tunnel4
Tunnel2
Tunnel1
M
S
U
C
Multiple tunnels per eNB
IPSec
tunnel
U
C
M
S
Single tunnel per eNB
VLAN optional
Tunnel
Single tunnel per eNB
U
C
M
S
eNB
internal
routing
VLAN optional
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Recommendation
IP Addressing Example with VLAN and IPSec
U/C/M-plane bound to virtual addresses
forwarded via IPSec tunnel
assigned to VLAN
S-plane bound to interface address
bypassing the IPSec tunnel
assigned to the same VLAN
IPSec Tunnel
U
C
M
eNB
internal
routing
SVLAN
Separate interface IP address for IPSec tunnel termination,IP addresses per functional plane for traffic separation
Interface
IP address
Application
IP address
U C MUser plane Control plane Management
planeS Synchronization
plane
25 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
MME
SAE-GW
O&M
X2 Star Architecture
X2 traffic routed through (central) Security Gateway (SEG)
No direct IPSec tunnels between eNBs
Can be implemented with E-Line or E-Tree (both recommended)
eNB
eNB
X2-u/c
SEG
IPSec
tunnel
U
C
M
S
Single tunnel per eNB
VLAN optional
Simplest configuration with single IP address
26 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
MME
SAE-GW
O&M
X2 Star Use Case: IP VPN
IP
eNB
Separate IP addresses for IPSec tunnel terminationand applications
X2-u/c
SEG
IP VPN
Eth
ern
et
IPSEc tunnel: outer IP layer
IPSEc tunnel: inner IP layer
Tunnel
Single tunnel per eNB
U
C
M
S
eNB
internal
routing
VLAN optional
27 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
MME
SAE-GW
O&M
X2 Mesh Architecture(Not recommended)
X2 traffic switched or routed in mobile backhaul network
Direct IPSec tunnels between eNBs
Requires E-LAN (not recommended)
eNB
X2-u/c
SEG
Single tunnel per eNB
U
C
M
S
eNB
internal
routing
VLAN optional
X2 TunnelsS1 Tunnel
28 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT transport
Architecture Comparison
X2 Mesh with E-LAN
Higher complexity
Perceived advantages are questionable
Marginal backhaul traffic savings X2 traffic
11 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
TD-LTE Flexi BTS software and toolseNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)
2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
Intellectual Property Rights
All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Contents
eNB related interfaces and protocol stack
Introduction to the TDD eNB software architecture
Description of each TDD eNB SC (System Component)
Tools
5 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
LTE-UE
LTE/EPS Network Interfaces
Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN)
MME S10
S6a
Serving
Gateway
S1-U
S11
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
S1-MME
PDN
Gateway
PDN
PCRF
GxRx
SGiS5/S8
Evolved
Node B
(eNB)
cell
X2
LTE-Uu
HSS
MME: Mobility Management Entity
SAE
Gateway
User plane
Control Plane
Control Plane + User plane
Gxc
36 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
TS 36.421
LTE Radio Interface and the X2 Interface
LTE-Uu
Air interface of EUTRAN
Based on OFDMA in downlink and SC-FDMA in uplink
FDD and TDD duplex methods
Scalable bandwidth: from 1.4 up to 20 MHz
Data rates up to 100 Mbps(DL), 50Mbps (UL)
MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is a
major component although optional.
X2
Inter eNB interface
Handover coordination without involving the EPC
X2AP: special signalling protocol
During HO, Source eNB can use the X2 interface to forward downlink packets still buffered or arriving from the serving gateway to the target eNB.
This will avoid loss of a huge amount of packets during inter-eNB handover.
(E)-RRC(E)-RRCUser PDUsUser PDUs
PDCPPDCP
RLCRLC
MACMAC
LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)
TS 36.300
eNBLTE-Uu
eNB
X2
User PDUsUser PDUs
GTP-UGTP-U
UDPUDP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
TS 36.424
X2-UP
(User Plane)
X2-CP
(Control Plane)
X2-APX2-AP
SCTPSCTP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2TS 36.421
TS 36.422
TS 36.423
TS 36.420[X2 general aspects & principles)
NAS ProtocolsNAS Protocols
Control Plane User Plane
TS 36.323
TS 36.322
TS 36.321
TS 36.331
TS 29.281
TS 24.301
7 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
S1-MME & S1-U Interfaces
S1-MME
Control interface between eNB and MME
MME and UE will exchange non-access stratum signaling via eNB through this interface.
E.g.: if a UE performs a tracking area update the TRACKING AREA UPDATE REQUEST message will be sent from UE to eNB and the eNB will forward the message via S1-MME to the MME.
S1AP:S1 Application Protocol
S1flex 1 eNB to connect to several MME
S1-U
User plane interface between eNB and serving gateway.
It is a pure user data interface (U=User plane).
S1flex-U also supported: a single eNB can connect to several Serving GWs.
Which Serving GW a users SAE bearer will have to use is signaled from the MME of this user.
MME
Serving
Gateway
S1-MME
(Control Plane)
S1-U
(User Plane)
NAS ProtocolsNAS Protocols
S1-APS1-AP
SCTPSCTP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
User PDUsUser PDUs
GTP-UGTP-U
UDPUDP
IPIP
L1/L2L1/L2
TS 36.411
TS 36.411
TS 36.412
TS 36.413
TS 36.414
TS 36.410[S1 general aspects & principles]
eNB
TS 29.281
TS 36.410[S1 general aspects & principles]
TS 24.301
49 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Flexi TD-LTE BTS SW Architecture
BTS Common
Platform SW
BTS Common
Application SW
WCDMA
SW
ALD
RAT specific
Application
CP and UP SW
BTS
Site
Mgr
GPS
Receiver
3rd party
RF HWSW
SW
SW
Flexi BTS System Module HW
UM
RFSW
BTSOMDFT
3rd party
HW
Common Application SW
Common Platform Services SW
HWAPI DSP HWAPI
LTE
SW
GSM
SW
OS
FR/AAS
Module
HW
PC/
Workstation
CC&S
I-HSPA ADA SW
BTS Common SW
TRSW
Shown in next slide
10 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
LTE specific Application SW
511 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
SC (System Component) Responsibilities
L2 air interface protocols (Packet Scheduling, AMC, UL/DL configuration)LTE MAC
GTPu protocol, PDCP protocol, Integrity protection, (Air interface) Ciphering, forwarding of data during handover
LTE TUPu
Provides common utility functions to LTE specific System Components: ASN.1 codecs, State machine framework
LTE COMMON
Local O&M. CPU local interfaces for Performance measurements, Fault/Alarm handling, interface for debugging and trace tools
LTE LOM
Cell related RRM functionality, Admission control, Paging control, System information broadcast
LTE CELLC
Baseband L1 (PHY) processing, UL&DL Transport channel processingLTE PHY
Termination of SCTP based external control interfaces (S1 + X2) and internal message distribution
LTE TUPc
User Equipment control, UE state management, UE bearer management, Handover control, termination of UE related RRC, S1 & X2 signalling
LTE UEC
Central control functions, central Id allocation, S1/X2 common procedures, eNBwide RRM functions
LTE ENBC
Allocation of BB resources for cells. Distribution of configuration parameters. Control of cells and common channels
LTE RROM
Function DescriptionSC
12 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
SC (System Component) Responsibilities (cont)
Hides physical devices and buses behind a message and function interface from
the application SW (MCU environment)BTS Site Manager
Mast head Amplifier, Remote Electrical Steering, SW tuneable FiltersMHA, RES, Filter
Transport sub module SW, forwarding external IP packet to correct internal SC, IPSec handling
TRSW
Radio Module SW, SW in the RF MCU controlling the RX, TX and PA and their interfaces. LTE RFSW is also responsible to manage Radio Module level functionality (e.g. temperature control etc.)
RFSW
Design For Testability, to offer testability features via the WEB interfaceDFT
Faraday start-up and DSP application start. Hiding DSP HW environment for the
SW applicationsDSP HWAPI
Startup handling on MCU. Hiding MCU HW environment for the SW applicationsHWAPI
Common Computer & Support, basic local computing services and system servicesfor applications, provides interfaces for supporting application testability
CC&S
Unit management, runtime SW entity that represents a HW resource (module or
unit), startup, recovery UM
BTS level Operation & MaintenanceBTSOM
Function DescriptionSC
613 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Deployment Model
14 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Tools
Pinger
Wireshark
BTSLog
715 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Pinger
Pinger is a .bat or .exe file used to ping all modules in eNB: FCMD, FSPs, Faradays on FSPs, FTM and FR. Once started ping to the modules is sent periodically.
In order to get Pinger working following steps need to be performed:
Double click PING_Fararays_all_FSPs.BAT or PingerGui.exe in your folder
New version of Pinger
16 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Local IP addresses in Flexi Multiradio BTS
Direct connection with PC:192.168.12.1
IP addressModule
192.168.255.126/255.255.254.0PC
192.168.254.129
192.168.254.137
192.168.254.145AXIS RRH
192.168.255.129FTM
192.168.255.33 (FSP1)
192.168.255.34 (FSP2)
192.168.255.35 (FSP3)
FSPC
192.168.255.1FCMD
817 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
LTE tracing methods- Wireshark
Traces all IP traffic in monitored IP address
Decodes protocols interface protocols, but has no access to radio protocols
No possibility to decode ciphered protocols
Useless with IPSec
Suitable for single BTS monitoring, mobility and multiple users may be difficult to separate from trace
NSN version available -> No additional license fees
Runs in any Windows PC, with firewall limitations
18 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
LTE tracing methods- Wireshark
919 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTSLog
BTSLog tool is used to collect different log files from eNB like:
BTS Tracing Log : BTSLOG_TRACE_.bin
System log files : SYSLOG_.txt
RealTime log files
20 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Tools->Setup
BTS Log: Tracing Setup
Check if this value is set
correctly.
Value to be used is:
51003
10
21 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTS Log: BTSLog File Settings
Tools->Setup
Log file size and number of files can
be set here.
Binary and UDP
trace are stored on
the location specified
here.
22 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Set Task to 0x060c
BTS Log: R&D Parameter Setup
1
2
BTSLog->Nodes
3
ALL three FSPx_MCU
need to do this
modification!!!
11
23 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTSLog and Firewall Settings
In case only Ping failed messages are visible in RealTime log and all
necessary settings are correct check the Firewall settings on PC/laptop.
E.g. Control Panel --> Admin Tools --> Services and disable OfficeScanNT Firewall
If OfficeScan NT Firewall is started: Just Ping failed logged
If OfficeScan NT Firewall is stopped: All real time information is logged
24 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Nodes which can be set in BTSLog (which nodes can be configured
depends on nodes.ini file used).
If some Nodes are configured but not accessible because they are e.g.
not installed, they cause ping-not-ok in the BTSLog main window.
BTS Log: Configure Nodes
12
25 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Current Syslog has index 21. The file SYSLOG_021.LOG is stored on predefined location.
Start UDP Log creates Syslog file on pre-defined location
BTS Log: Start UDP Tracing
If View button is pressed the current SYSLOG file will be opened with the predefined editor.
26 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
Click on this button to start Real Time Log on configured Nodes
BTS Log: Start Tracing and Real Time Views
Up to 4 Real Time Logs can run in parallel (e.g. with different filters).
13
27 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTS Log: Configure Binary Tracing
In order to collect binary traces appropriate file with extension bts need to be loaded to
the BTSLog application (Nodes -> BTS Filters)
28 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTSLog Filter
Note: String entered as a filter is case sensitive. Press Apply button to apply
the new/modified filter.
Filtered RealTime Log
Filter can be applied on RealTime logs. Only those messages will then be displayed which
contain one or more strings set in the filter. Another example for usage of the filter: Set
OnAir string as filter in order to check if the eNB is going into OnAir state after startup.
14
29 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT TD-LTE FlexiBTS software and tools
BTS Log: Disable Authorization
Click Nodes in main window, then R&D Parameters Tab and than Get Current.
Double-click on parameter 244 and change the value.
Note: The change made via BTSLog will be lost by the next reset. In order to disable
authorization permanently, swconfig.txt with appropriate settings need to be copied to FCMD in
/rom directory (username:pa
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