Intro to Automotives
Basics of ElectricityDefinition:
The movement of electrons in a conductor.
TermsVoltage:
Is the electrical pressure that causes current to flow.
Current:The quantity of electrons moving through a conductor.
Resistance:Is measured in ohms, usually the load, such as a light.
OHMS LAW:Voltage = Current X Resistance
BatteryStores Chemical Energy
Supply electrical energy to the starter
Supplement the alternatorLightsRadioEtc.
Key SwitchConnects or disconnects
electrical current from flowing.
Completes the circuit to the solenoid starter
SolenoidElectrical Switch
Changes low current to high current
StarterConverts electrical
energy into mechanical energy
Connected to the flywheel gears, which is connected to the crankshaft, which moves the pistons
Neutral Safety Switch
Keeps vehicle from starting while in gear
Allows current to flow in starting system when in “PARK”
Common Starting System Problems
Bad/Worn out starter or
solenoid
Dead Battery
Short circuited or broken wire
Charging System•The reverse of the starting system
•Recharges the battery
•Energy Conversion
•Consists of four (4) main components
Drive BeltConnects crankshaft to Alternator
Sometimes connected to…Power steering pumpWater pumpAir conditioning
2 types of belts…Serpentine“V”- belts
Serpentine Belt
Multi-ribbed
Grooves run parallel
Replace every 50,000
miles
V-beltsUsually narrow
Cross-section looks like a “V”
Replace every 25,000 miles
Alternator
Converts mechanical energy to electric energy
Does both AC & DC
BatteryStores Chemical Energy
12-volt DC
Converts electrical energy to chemical energy
Supplements the alternatorLightsRadioEtc.
Voltage Regulator
Located in or near the alternator
Regulates the Voltage
Should be about 14.5 volts while the engine is running
FusesLocated in the junction block
Rated in Amps 5,10, 15, etc…
2 types of fuzzesGlass CylinderBlade
HeadlightsHeadlights
Sealed BeamComposite
HalogenFilled with gas
Questions/Discussion…
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