1. Introduction
2. GDP and Growth
3. Total Exports
4. Total Imports
Employment5. Employment
6. Foreign Direct Investment
7. Concluding Remarks
� Comparing the European Union economic activities
◦ Relative to the World
◦ Relative to the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)
� Developed countries (USA, Canada)
Similar
Nominal
GDP for EU
and NAFTA
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Nominal GDP in Billion USD
Real GDP in
EU lower
than of that
NAFTA0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Real GDP in Billion USD
World NAFTA EU
� Reaching nominal GDP per capita in the EU to per capita in NAFTA in 2008.◦ Three times the
world per capita 0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Nominal GDP per capita
(USD)
� Real GDP per capita in the EU◦ 2/3 of the NAFTA
◦ 4 times of the world per capita
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Real GDP per capita (USD)
World NAFTA EU
� Increase of 7288 billions of USD in the EU nominal GDP since 1998◦ Bigger increase than NAFTA
� Bigger decrease in the recession of 2007-09 than NAFTA◦ Increase of World Nominal GDP in the recession
-10000 0 10000 20000 30000
98-09
98-07
07-09
Change of Nominal GDP
� Increase of 1579 billions of USD in the EU real GDP since 1998◦ Smaller increase than NAFTA
� Bigger decrease in the recession of 2007-09 than NAFTA◦ Small increase of World real GDP in the recession -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
98-09
98-07
07-09
Change of Real GDP
EU NAFTA World
� Increase of 13981 USD in the EU nominal GDP per capita since 1998◦ Bigger increase than NAFTA and World
� Smaller decrease in the recession of 2007-09 than NAFTA◦ Increase of World Nominal GDP per capita in the recession
-5000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000
98-09
98-07
07-09
Change of nominal GDP per
capita
� Increase of 2611 of USD in the EU real GDP per capita since 1998◦ Smaller increase than NAFTA
◦ Bigger increase than World
� Smaller decrease in the recession of 2007-09 than NAFTA◦ Small Decrease of World Real GDP per capita in the recession
-2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
98-09
98-07
07-09
Change of real GDP per capita
EU NAFTA World
� Lower growth rates of
EU than the world since
2001
� Higher growth rates of
EU than NAFTA in the
periods of 2000-01 and
2006-08
-6,00
-4,00
-2,00
0,00
2,00
4,00
6,00
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Annual growth rates
� Lower per capita growth
rates of EU than the
world since 2002
� Higher per capita growth
rates of EU than NAFTA
in the periods of 1999-
2002 and 2005-08-6,00
-4,00
-2,00
0,00
2,00
4,00
6,00
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Annual growth rates per capita
World NAFTA EU
-6,00
� Total exports of the
EU more than twice of
the NAFTA exports
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
US dolars in billions
World
NAFTA
EU
� Increase of world total
exports since 1998◦ Bigger increase of EU exports
than NAFTA since 1998
� Decrease of world total
export in the recession
of 2007-09◦ Higher decrease of EU exports
than NAFTA in the recession -4000,00-2000,00 0,00 2000,004000,006000,008000,0010000,0012000,00
98-09
98-07
07-09Change of total exports
EU
NAFTA
World
� Total Imports of the EU
about twice of the NAFTA
imports
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Billions of US Dollars
World
NAFTA
EU
� Increase of world total
imports since 1998◦ Bigger increase of EU imports
than NAFTA since 1998
� Decrease of world total
imports in the recession of
2007-09◦ Higher decrease of EU
imports than NAFTA in the
recession-5000 0 5000 10000 15000
98-09
98-07
07-09
Change of total imports
EU
NAFTA
World
� Higher total employment of
the EU than NAFTA
◦ Dramatically fall of
employment relative to world
6,50%
7,00%
7,50%
8,00%
8,50%
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Employment perecentage of
the Wold
NAFTA
EU
� Higher employment in agricultural
sector of the EU than NAFTA
◦ Fall of agricultural employment
relative to world until 2006
◦ Dramatically increase of agricultural
employment relative to world in
2006-2007
◦ Same agricultural employment of
EU and NAFTA in 2010
0,00%
0,50%
1,00%
1,50%
2,00%
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Agricultural Employment
perecentage of the Wold
NAFTA
EU
� Higher FDI inflows in the EU
than in NAFTA
� Decrease of FDI inflows in EU
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
FDI inflow in bilions of USD -
current price
World
NAFTA
EU
� Decrease of FDI inflows in EU
relative to total FDI inflows of
world since 1998◦ Smaller decrease than NAFTA
� Increase of FDI inflows in EU
relative to total FDI inflows of
world until recession of 2007◦ Decrease of FDI inflows share in
NAFTA until recession 2007
� Higher decrease of FDI inflows in
the EU in the recession period of
2007-09 than in NAFTA-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5
98-09
98-07
07-09change of FDI inflow -
Percentage of world
EU
NAFTA
� Higher FDI outflows in the EU
than in NAFTA
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
FDI outflows in billions of
USD -current prices
World
NAFTA
EU
� Decrease of FDI outflows relative
to world in the EU since 1998◦ Increase of this share in NAFTA
� Decrease of FDI outflows relative
to world in the EU in the
recession period 2007-09◦ Increase of this share in NAFTA
-30 -20 -10 0 10
98-09
98-07
07-09Change of FDI outflows -
Percentage of total world
EU
NAFTA
� Similar trend of GDP in the EU and NAFTA
◦ Same Nominal GDP per capita in the EU and NAFTA in 2008
◦ Higher real GDP per capita in NAFTA than in EU
� Higher increase of total trade in the EU than in NAFTA
◦ Higher decrease of total trade in the EU than in NAFTA in the recession of 2007-2009
� Decrease of total employment relative to world in both EU and NAFTA
◦ Higher total employment in EU than NAFTA◦ Higher total employment in EU than NAFTA
◦ Increase of agricultural employment relative to world in 2006 and 2007
� Increase of FDI inflows share relative to world until 2007 in the EU
◦ Decrease of FDI inflows share relative to world in all times since 1998 in NAFTA
◦ Higher decrease of FDI inflows share relative to world in EU in recession period
� Decrease of FDI outflows share relative to world in all times since 1998 in
the EU
◦ Increase of FDI outflows share relative to world in NAFTA in recession period
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