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0.69
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0.55
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0.32
0.45
0.46
0.80
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0.86
0.86
0.90
0.81
0.88
0.93
0.77
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0.87
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0.84
0.69
0.77
0.93
0.85
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0.74
0.75
0.88
0.87
0.86
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0.73
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0.63
0.72
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0.69
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0.67
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0.76
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0.58
0.48
0.65
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0.55
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0.31
0.29
0.63
0.47
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0.15
0.58
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0.55
0.64
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0.37
0.26
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0.48
0.23
0.36
0.40
0.32
0.45
0.46
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF NATIONS (2007) TAKE ACTION
What Governments Can Do Adopt the Ecological Footprint as a resource management tool to monitor and manage ecological assets. Establish Footprint targets. Develop and implement action plans. Join international efforts to improve Footprint methodology. Set policy that is informed by ecological reality and makes safeguarding resources a top priority.
What Others Are Doing To find out how the Footprint is being used to advance sustainability around the world, visit: www.footprintnetwork.org
What You Can Do Encourage governments and organizations to track their demand on nature. Estimate your own Ecological Footprint at www.footprintnetwork.org/calculator
Agencies of various national governments have commissioned reviews of the Footprint method, including Switzerland, the European Union, France, Germany, Luxembourg and the United Arab Emirates. These are available at www.footprintnetwork.org/reviews
For more on: Africa: www.footprintnetwork.org/africa Mediterranean: www.footprintnetwork.org/med Human Development: www.footprintnetwork.org/hdi Biodiversity: www.footprintnetwork.org/biodiversity
The Ecological Footprint measures humanity’s demand on nature. For more Ecological Footprint data and to learn how it is calculated, visit www.footprintnetwork.org
Built-up landFood, fiber, and timber land Carbon Footprint
In 2007, humanity’s average Footprint was 2.7 global hectares* per person.
In 2007, available biocapacity was 1.8 global hectares* per person (This must also include the needs of wild species.)
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HDI
The Human Development Index (HDI), developed by UNDP, compares countries based on quality of life indicators such as life expectancy, education level, and income. The United Nations considers a country with an HDI that is within the top quartile to have “very high human development”, and an HDI in the 51 – 75 percentiles to have “high human development,” a threshold that today stands at 0.67.
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and
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Leso
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Côt
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Con
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Con
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Bang
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Country HDI Years of Life Expectancy Mean Years of Schooling Per capita GNI**
Russia 0.70 66.2 8.8 $13,000
Peru 0.71 72.9 9.3 $7,000
Germany 0.88 79.7 12.2 $34,000
Data from 2010 Edition, National Footprint Accounts. For more information, visit: www.footprintnetwork.org/atlas
* Global hectares are hectares with world-average productivity. One hectare is equal to 2.5 acres. ** Gross National Income. Adjusted for purchasing power.
1961
0
0.5
1
1.5
1965
1969
1973
1993
1997
2001
2005
1977
1981
1985
1989
Built-up Land
Food, Fiber and Timber Land
Carbon Uptake Land
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
1210
8
6
2
4
354 921575 3596535342
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POPULATION (Millions)
0
T H E E C O LO G I C A L F O OT P R I N T
L IV ING WELL WITHIN THE MEANS
OF NATURE
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND POPULATION BY REGION (2007)
Ecological Overshoot: The average human’s Ecological Footprint is 2.7 global hectares (6.7 acres), while there are only 1.8 global hectares (4.5 acres) of biologically productive area per person available on the planet. This “deficit spending” is called overshoot. It is possible to exceed ecological limits for a while, but overshoot ultimately leads to the destruction of ecological assets, resulting in depleted groundwater, collapsing fisheries, CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere, and deforestation. Thus, not only the basis of economic development but also the livelihood of humankind is being threatened.
HUMANITY’S ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT Humanity’s Ecological Footprint is shown here in number of planets, where one planet equals the total biocapacity of the Earth in any given year. In 2007, humanity’s Ecological Footprint was 2.5 times that of 1961 and exceeded by one half the Earth’s biocapacity.
Increasing Human Demand on Nature (1961-2007)
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: WHERE ARE WE TODAY?Human Development Index and Ecological Footprint of Nations (2007)
Sustainable development can be assessed using the Human Development Index (HDI) as an indicator of human development, and the Ecological Footprint as a measure of human demand on the biosphere. The United Nations considers an HDI for the countries within the top quartile to be “very high human development.” An Ecological Footprint less than 1.8 global hectares per person makes those resource demands globally replicable. Despite growing adoption of sustainable development as an explicit policy goal, almost no country meets both minimum requirements.
LIVING ON ONE EARTH
Sustainable development means securing a high quality of life within the limits of what the planet can renewably provide.
What is the Ecological Footprint? It is a resource management and com-munications tool that measures how much nature we have, how much we use, and who uses what. It represents the area of biologically productive land and sea (biocapacity) that an individual, population or activity requires to provide the resources it consumes and to absorb its CO2, using prevailing technology.
Are their standards available for the Footprint method? Yes: www.footprintstandards.org
For more information see www.footprintnetwork.org
BIOCAPACITY CREDITORS AND DEBTORS (2007)
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With global overshoot growing, the map has shifted over the last 50 years from one in which most countries had more biocapacity than they used, to one in which the vast majority have a biocapacity deficit – they use more than they have, meaning they must import resources, deplete their own stocks or utilize the global commons of atmosphere and ocean. Today, more than 80 percent of the world’s people live in countries that are biocapacity debtors.
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Carbon Footprint
Food, Fiber and Timber Footprint
OUR MISSION
Global Footprint Network supports the shift towards a sustainable economy by advancing the Ecological Footprint, a measurement, communications and management tool that makes resource limits central to decision-making everywhere. www.footprintnetwork.org
Established on 1 January 2011, GIZ brings together under one roof the long-standing expertise of the DED, the GTZ and InWEnt. As a federally owned enterprise, it supports the German government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. It is also engaged in international education work around the globe. www.giz.de/en
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BIOCAPACITY DEFICITFOOTPRINT GREATER THAN BIOCAPACITY
BIOCAPACITY RESERVEBIOCAPACITY GREATER THAN FOOTPRINT
World biocapacity Built-up land
North America
Europe
Latin America & Caribbean
Middle East & Central Asia
Asia-Pacific
Africa
North America
Europe
Latin America & Caribbean
Asia
Oceania
Africa
Global average available biocapacity per person. (This must also include the needs of wild species.)
Threshold for high human development
Global average available biocapacity per person. (This must also include the needs of wild species.)
Threshold for very high human development
Sustainable Develop-ment Quadrant
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1.5
1
0.5
0
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
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342 575 535 354 3,596 921
10
8
6
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2
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POPULATION (Millions)
Warning: Contains infectious ideas. Unfolding may be irreversible.
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