By: Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua,
NY
PeriodizationPeriodization
Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250
Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500
Europe in the 6cEurope in the 6c
The Medieval Catholic ChurchThe Medieval Catholic Church filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world. monasticism:
St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience. provided schools for the children of the upper class. inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war. libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts. monks missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]
The Power of the Medieval The Power of the Medieval ChurchChurch
bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system. the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe. tried to curb feudal warfare only 40 days a year for combat. curb heresies crusades; Inquisition tithe 1/10 tax on your assets given to the church. Peter’s Pence 1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].
A Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s Day
A Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptorium
Illuminated ManuscriptsIlluminated Manuscripts
Romanesque Architectural Romanesque Architectural StyleStyle Rounded Arches.
Barrel vaults. Thick walls. Darker, simplistic interiors. Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.
Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814
Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire
Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.
25, 80025, 800
The Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian Renaissance
Carolingian MinisculeCarolingian Miniscule
The Rise of European The Rise of European Monarchies:Monarchies:
England England
Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Collapses:
Treaty of Verdun, 843Treaty of Verdun, 843
FeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.
Carcassonne: A Medieval Carcassonne: A Medieval CastleCastle
Parts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval Castle
The Road to KnighthoodThe Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
SQUIRE
PAGE
ChivalryChivalry:: A Code of Honor and A Code of Honor and BehaviorBehavior
The Medieval ManorThe Medieval Manor
Life on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval Manor
SerfsSerfs at work at work
William the Conqueror:William the Conqueror:Battle of Hastings, 1066Battle of Hastings, 1066
(Bayeaux Tapestry)(Bayeaux Tapestry)
Evolution of England’s Evolution of England’s Political SystemPolitical System
Henry I: William’s son. set up a court system. Exchequer dept. of royal finances.
Henry II: established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom. grand jury. trial by jury.
Evolution of England’s Evolution of England’s Political SystemPolitical System
Henry I: William’s son. set up a court system. Exchequer dept. of royal finances.
Henry II: established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom. grand jury. trial by jury.
Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215
King John IKing John I Runnymeade “Great Charter” monarchs were not above the law. kings had to consult a council of advisors. kings could not tax arbitrarily.
The Beginnings of the British The Beginnings of the British ParliamentParliament
Great Council: middle class merchants, townspeople [burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.] were added at the end of the 13c. eventually called Parliament. by 1400, two chambers evolved:
o House of Lords nobles & clergy.o House of Commons knights and burgesses.
The Rise of European The Rise of European Monarchies:Monarchies:
France France
Gothic Architectural StyleGothic Architectural Style
Pointed arches. High, narrow vaults. Thinner walls. Flying buttresses. Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. Stained-glass windows.
“Flying” Buttresses
Pope Urban II: Preaching a Pope Urban II: Preaching a CrusadeCrusade
Setting Out on CrusadeSetting Out on Crusade
Christian Crusades: East and Christian Crusades: East and WestWest
Medieval UniversitiesMedieval Universities
Oxford UniversityOxford University
Late Medieval Town DwellingsLate Medieval Town Dwellings
Medieval TradeMedieval Trade
Medieval GuildsMedieval Guilds
Guild Guild HallHall
Commercial Monopoly: Controlled membership apprentice journeyman master craftsman Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. Controlled prices
Medieval Guilds: A Medieval Guilds: A Goldsmith’s ShopGoldsmith’s Shop
Crest of a Cooper’s GuildCrest of a Cooper’s Guild
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