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Distributed Multimedia
Application
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Distributed MM applications hasdivided into two categories:
People-to-people applications
Involved at least 2 people
To improve communications betweenhumans
People-to-system applications
Individual / group o peoplecommunicate with a remote system toaccess! receive or interact with MMinormation"
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People-to-peopleapplications
#ro$en down into % ways:
Private applications vs" proessionalapplications
Interpersonal &between two people'!verses group-oriented applications
(eal-time versus asynchronousapplications
)as 2 categories: *ynchronous applications
Asynchronous applications
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People-to-*ystemapplications
Interactive Applications
Distribution Applications
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+omputer *upported+ooperative ,or$ &+*+,'
eneral De.nition:
+*+, is a generic term! which combinesthe understanding o the way peoplewor$ in groups with the enablingtechnologies o computer networ$ing!
and associated hardware! sotware!services and techniues"
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+omputer *upported+ooperative ,or$ &+*+,'
+*+, is a design-oriented academic.eld bringing together socialpsychologists! sociologists! and
computer scientists! among others" +*+, is an identi.able research .eld
ocused on understandingcharacteristics o interdependent group
wor$ with the ob0ective o designingadeuate computer-based technologyto support such cooperative wor$"
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Same time/same place
1ace to ace interaction
(oomware *hared tables! wall displays
Digital whiteboards
lectronic meeting systems *ingle display groupware
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Same time/diferent place
(emote interaction
lectronic meeting systems 3ideoconerencing
(eal-time groupware
Messaging &instant messaging! email!chat'
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Diferent time/same place
+ontinuous tas$
Team rooms! 4arge displays
Post-it
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Diferent time/diferent place
+ommunication 5 +oordination
lectronic meeting systems ,i$i
#logs
,or$6ow 3ersion control
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(euirements onDistributed MM
The distributed MM system should beable to provide support or continuous
media types &such as audio! video andanimation'"
Distributed MM applications is the need
or sophisticated uality o service&7o*' management"
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Distributed MM applications is theneed or a rich set o real-timesynchroni8ation mechanisms about
continuous media transmission"
Distributed MM system able tosupport multiparty communications"
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Issues or DistributedMultimedia
4arge uantities o audio! video andother time-based data elements
*torage
Timely processing
Transmission systems
Availability o standards or multimedianetwor$ing
+ost o transmitting MM inormation
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Application or education!
entertainment and industry 9ample: etwor$ed 3irtual ArtMuseum
+omponents that need to beconsidered:
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Distributed Multimedia
*ystemsDefnition:
Distributed multimedia systems consist omultimedia databases! pro9y and
inormation servers! and clients! and are
intended to or the distribution o
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Introduction
Most multimedia is inherently time-based ; the arrival timeand arrivalordero data pac$ets is important
The Internet guarantees is neededwhen transmitting data
1or interactive multimedia over
networ$s! the perormance should bereliableand high-quality
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)istory
=s: Distributed computing researchwith earliest networ$s
?=s: +ompact disc! personal computer
e9plosion
?=s-@=s: Distributed multimedia systemresearch &video conerencing! etc'
@=s-current: +urrent prevalent paradigm&uality o service management'
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oal
)igh uality! reliable! interactivemultimedia
The general Internet structure is not
sucient to accomplish this A distributed multimedia system will
add protocols and architectures on top
o the Internet &or 4A' to guaranteeuality levels! thereby satisying ourneed
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+omponents
#andwidth: data rate through acomponent
4atency: time needed or a pac$et totravel end to end
4oss rate: acceptable drop-rame ratio
7uality o service management:negotiation and allocation ocomputing resources
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(euirement
The reuirements o multimediaapplications signi.cantly diBer rom real-
time applications: Multimedia applications are highly distributed
and thereore compute with other distributedapplications or networ$ bandwidth and
computing resources"The resource reuirements o multimedia
applications are dynamic"
2C
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A distributed multimediasystem
22
Wide area gateway Videoserver
DigitalTV/radioserver
Video cameraand mike
Local network Local network
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Distributed Multimedia
*ystem The above .gure illustrates a typicaldistributed multimedia system!capable o supporting a variety o
applications such as des$topconerencing! video-on-demandservices! accessing stored video
seuences using web-basedmultimedia and broadcast digital T3/radio"
2%
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,eb-based multimedia These applicationsprovide best eBort
access to streams o audio and videodata published via the ,eb"
Their perormance is constrained withlimited bandwidth and variablelatencies ound in current networ$s"
These applications are most successulwhen there is little need or thesynchroni8ation o data streams"
2
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etwor$ phone and audioconerencing
These applications have relativelylow bandwidth reuirements whenecient compression techniues are
used"
)owever! its interactive naturedemands low round-trip delays which
are not always achievable"
2E
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3ideo-on-demand services
These supply video inormation indigital orm! retrieving data romlarge online storage systems and
delivering them to userFs display"
These are successul only whendedicated networ$ bandwidth is
available and where the video serverand the receiving stations arededicated"
2
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