Disaster Recovery - Techniques and Disaster Recovery - Techniques and
TopologiesTopologies
Connie MurphyConnie Murphy
Abstract
Introduction
RAID Systems
Performance Indicators
Resiliency/ Backup Services
Vendor Support Services
Backup Software
February 26, 2004
Conclusion
Disk Striping
NAS/SAN Topologies
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IntroductionIntroduction
Disaster Recovery is the coordinated process of restoring systems, data, and infrastructure required to support key ongoing business operations.
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Introduction (continued)Introduction (continued)
• Systems includes both hardware and software
• Data includes true data, log files, and audit information, as well as business procedures and rules
• Infrastructure includes phones, office space, remote access, intranets, web space, firewalls, etc.
• Business operations are whatever things the business does on a daily basis to generate revenue
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Hardware-based RaidHardware-based Raid
Hardware arrays also do not occupy any host system memory, nor are they operating system dependent.
Hardware arrays are also highly fault tolerant.
Provide true hardware multi-tasking .
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Software-based RaidSoftware-based Raid
software arrays often fail to boot if the boot drive in the array fails
Some software-based implementations require a separate boot drive
RAID arrays may be created without swapping out hardware
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Raid Fault ToleranceRaid Fault Tolerance
All RAID systems should be supplemented with some other form of protection against failures,
RAID is the first step toward DRP
RAID arrays offer flexibility and protect against hardware failure.
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Disk StripingDisk Striping
Technique by which data spans multiple hard drives
All hard drives involved in the stripe set are simultaneously read or written to
Several levels of RAID use disk striping for fault protection
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Performance IndicatorsPerformance Indicators
Provide the means by which one can measure the success of a DRP
Are a blend of project status and test runs of infrastructure
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Performance IndicatorsPerformance Indicators
Measurements for success:
Intervallic reports from the planning group to senior management.
Representation of the network design team on the DRP team.
Intervallic tests authenticate performance of the disaster recovery plan, including noticed gaps and risks.
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Performance Indicators Performance Indicators (cont.)(cont.)
An evaluation process that includes deploying new solutions.
Final analysis of the disaster recovery testing, and effect on the business (after a disaster occurs) (Cisco White Paper, 1).
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Pre-planning Management Pre-planning Management
AwarenessAwareness Identify Possible Disaster Scenarios
– How much of the organization's resources could be lost?
– What are the total costs?– What efforts are required to
rebuild? – How long will it take to recover? – What is the impact on the overall
organization? – How will customers be affected?– What is the impact on them?– How much will it affect the share
price and market confidence?
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Pre-planning Management Pre-planning Management Awareness (cont.)Awareness (cont.)
Build Management Awareness
Obtain Management Sign-Off and Funding
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Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster Recovery Planning
ProcessProcess
1. Establish a planning group to manage the development
2. Perform risk assessments and audits
3. Establish priorities for network and applications
- Mission critical - Important
- Minor
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Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster Recovery Planning ProcessProcess
4. Develop recovery strategies
5. Prepare an up-to-date inventory and documentation of the plan
6. Develop verification criteria and procedures
7. Implement the plan
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Resiliency and Backup ServicesResiliency and Backup Services
Assess the resiliency of your network1. Network links
• Carrier diversity • Local loop diversity • Facilities resiliency • Building wiring resiliency
2. Hardware resiliency• Power, security and disaster • Redundant hardware • Mean time before replacement
(MTTR)• Network path availability
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Resiliency and Backup ServicesResiliency and Backup Services
3. Network design• Layer 2 WAN design • Layer 2 LAN design • Layer 3 IP design
4. Network services resiliency• DNS resiliency• DHCP resiliency • Other services resiliency
Review and Implement Backup Services
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High-speed local backupHigh-speed local backup
Filer-to-tape -Backup an NAS appliance (also called a filer) directly to a SCSI-attached or Fibre Channel-attached tape drive or robotic tape library
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High-speed backup (filer-to-High-speed backup (filer-to-tape)tape)
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Three-way backupThree-way backup
Filer-to-filer -Backup a secondary NAS appliance through the LAN to a tape device or library that is attached to a separate, primary NAS appliance
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Three-way backup (filer-to-filer)Three-way backup (filer-to-filer)
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Filer-to-server backupFiler-to-server backup
Filer-to-server -Backup an NAS appliance through the LAN to a tape device or library connected to a server
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Filer-to-server backupFiler-to-server backup
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Server-to-filer backupServer-to-filer backup
Server to filer-Backup data on a server through the LAN to a tape device or library that is SCSI-attached or Fibre Channel-attached to a NAS appliance
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Server-to-filer BackupServer-to-filer Backup
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Backup through multi-Backup through multi-hostinghosting
Servers and NAS appliances in any combination are directly connected by SCSI or Fibre Channel to one or more drives in a single or multi-drive tape library
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Backup through multi-hostingBackup through multi-hosting
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Backup through Fibre Channel Backup through Fibre Channel
SANSAN
Servers and NAS appliances in any combination are connected to one or more tape libraries through a Fibre Channel switch.
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Backup through Fibre Channel Backup through Fibre Channel SANSAN
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Backup through iSCSIBackup through iSCSI
SCSI over IP –SCSI over IP –
Using iSCSI Using iSCSI technology, remote technology, remote IP-attached storage IP-attached storage devices are seen by a devices are seen by a host computer as if host computer as if they are local devicesthey are local devices
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Vendor Support ServicesVendor Support Services
Key questions regarding vendor support include:– Are support contracts in place?
– Has the disaster recovery plan
been reviewed by the vendors, and are the vendors included in the escalation processes?
– Does the vendor have sufficient resources to support the disaster recovery?
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Completing the DRPCompleting the DRP
Decisions must be made about “gray area” files (Corporate standards, executive privileges, and other factors create these files)– Backup or replicate?– Save or ignore?– Vital or non-vital?
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ConclusionConclusion
Understand the purpose of the DRP
Define specific requirements Determine success criteria Develop a plan to ensure that
success
The DRP can be a challenging and expensive undertaking, but one that will be well worth the effort as it could determine the future of the company in the event of a disaster.
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ReferencesReferences
Seven Effective Strategies for Data Protection: A Practical Guide to NAS and SAN Deployment. White Paper from Syncsort 2002. Retrieved February 15, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://www.syncsort.com
Disaster Recovery: Best Practices White Paper. Cisco Systems updated Jan 27, 2004. Retrieved February 18, 2004 from the World Wide Web. http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/disrec.html#topic16
“Raid defined.” ND. Retrieved February 16, 2004 from the World Wide Web. http://searchstorage.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0%2C%2Csid5_gci214332%2C00.html
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ReferencesReferences
“Enterprise Data Protection Bill of Rights.” Quantum Corporation, 2003. Retrieved March 1, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://quantum.treehousei.com/Surveys/publishing/survey_148/graphics3/prod_pgs/whitepaper.pdf
Nueffer. “What is Raid?” Retrieved March 1, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://www.uni-mainz.de/~neuffer/scsi/what_is_raid.html
http://www.netapp.com/tech_library/ftp/3066.pdf
Wold, Goeffrey, Robert Shriver. (2001) Disaster Proof Your Business. New York: McGraw-Hill Primis Custom Publishing.
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Software ResourcesSoftware Resources
Legato http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Legato.htm
NetWorker http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Legato_Networker.htm
Backup Express http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_SyncSort.htm
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Software ResourcesSoftware Resources
Backup Report http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Bocada.htm
Veritas http://www.veritas.com/Products/www
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Software ResourcesSoftware Resources
Dantz http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Dantz.htm
Retrospect http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Dantz.htm
Bocada http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Bocada.htm
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