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Section 141.3

an inspiration /ˌɪnspɪˈreɪʃ(ə)n/

visionary /ˈvɪʒən(ə)ri/ wizjonerski

a visionary /ˈvɪʒən(ə)ri/ wizjoner

Croatia /krɔu'eɪʃə/

radical /ˈrædɪk(ə)l/

the Adriatic Sea

/ˌeɪdrɪ ˈætɪk/

alternating current

/ˈɔːltə(r)ˌneɪtɪŋ/ /ˈkʌrənt/

Austro-Hungarian /ˈɔstrəu hʌŋˈgeəriən/

DREAMS CAN BE A SOURCE OF

INSPIRATION FOR ARTISTS. >

Dreams can be a source of inspiration for

artists.

PEOPLE WHO ARE ABLE TO INSPIRE

OTHERS WITH THEIR DREAMS ARE

OFTEN CALLED VISIONARIES.

> People who are able to inspire others with

their dreams are often called visionaries.

CROATIA IS LOCATED BY THE

ADRIATIC SEA AND CONSIDERED

ONE OF THE MOST ATTRACTIVE

PLACES FOR A SUMMER HOLIDAY

IN EUROPE.

>

Croatia is located by the Adriatic Sea and

considered one of the most attractive places

for a summer holiday in Europe.

THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE

WAS CREATED IN 1867 AS A RESULT

OF THE UNION BETWEEN AUSTRIA

AND HUNGARY.

>

The Austro-Hungarian empire was created in

1867 as a result of the union between Austria

and Hungary.

ELECTRIC POWER IS DELIVERED TO

HOUSES AND BUSINESSES IN THE

FORM OF ALTERNATING CURRENT.

> Electric power is delivered to houses and

businesses in the form of alternating current.

MOST PEOPLE IN THE USA AGREE

THAT THEIR SYSTEM OF

EDUCATION NEEDS RADICAL

CHANGES.

> Most people in the USA agree that their

system of education needs radical changes.


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Nikola Tesla is a symbol of inspiration for people from many nations who

value peace and science. He wasn’t just a scientist, he was a true visionary

in the field of scientific development.

Tesla was born in 1856 and during his university studies he found an

interest in physics and mathematics which gradually led him to an interest

in electricity. Most of his inventions were considered too radical for the

Austro-Hungarian empire and Tesla was forced to move to America where

he received a job offer from Thomas Edison. Tesla found a solution to one

of Edison’s major problems, the transportation of electricity, by

introducing alternating current. Today, Tesla is considered one of the main

people who provided America with the common use of electricity.

WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE IS NIKOLA

TESLA A SYMBOL OF INSPIRATION

FOR?

> Nikola Tesla is a symbol of inspiration for

people who value peace and science.

WAS TESLA JUST AN ORDINARY

SCIENTIST? >

No, Tesla wasn’t just an ordinary scientist,

but he was a true visionary in the field of

scientific development.

CAN YOU REMEMBER THE MAIN

REASON WHY TESLA DECIDED TO

MOVE TO AMERICA?

>

Yes, I can. Tesla decided to move to America

because his inventions were considered too

radical for the Austro-Hungarian empire.

DID TESLA RECEIVE A JOB OFFER

FROM THE TEACHER? >

No, Tesla didn’t receive a job offer from the

teacher but he received one from Thomas

Edison.

IT IS SAID THAT TESLA FOUND A

SOLUTION TO EDISON’S MAJOR

PROBLEM. TELL ME WHAT WAS THE

PROBLEM AND WHAT WAS TESLA’S

SOLUTION TO IT?

>

Edison’s major problem was the

transportation of electricity, and Tesla’s

solution was introducing alternating current.

DID TESLA FIND AN INTEREST IN

GAMBLING AND WHISKEY DURING

HIS UNIVERSITY STUDIES?

>

No, Tesla didn’t find an interest in gambling

and whiskey during his university studies, but

he found an interest in mathematics and

physics.



HAVE YOU EVER READ ABOUT

NIKOLA TESLA AT SCHOOL? >

No, I have never read about Nikola Tesla at

school. / Yes, I have read about Nikola Tesla

at school.

WHERE WOULD YOU LOOK FOR

INSPIRATION IF YOU WERE A

PAINTER?

>

If I were a painter I’d look for inspiration in

nature / technology / science / people / books

etc.

DO YOU THINK THAT BEING NAMED

A VISIONARY OF HIS TIME

INFLUENCED JOHN

ROCKEFELLER’S ATTITUDE TO OIL

BUSINESS?

>

Yes, I think that being named a visionary of

his time influenced John Rockefeller’s

attitude to oil business.

IS THERE ANY CHANCE FOR YOUR

COUNTRY TO BECOME AS POPULAR

AS CROATIA WHEN IT COMES TO

SUMMER HOLIDAYS?

>

Yes, I think there’s a great chance for my

country to become as popular as Croatia

when it comes to summer holidays.

WHY DO PEOPLE FIND IT EASIER TO

BELIEVE IN RADICAL VIEWS

PRESENTED ON TV RATHER THAN

HEARD FROM PEOPLE IN THE

STREET?

>

People find it easier to believe in radical

views presented on TV rather than heard

from people in the street because they believe

that everything presented on TV is entirely

true.

WOULD YOU BELIEVE ME IF I TOLD

YOU THAT EACH ONE OF US WAS

ABLE TO CREATE ENOUGH

ALTERNATING CURRENT TO POWER

HIS OR HER HOUSE?

>

No, I wouldn’t / Yes, I would believe you if

you told me that each one of us was able to

create enough alternating current to power his

or her house.

DID YOU KNOW THAT SOME PARTS

OF CROATIA HAD BELONGED TO

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE

BEFORE THE REPUBLIC OF

CROATIA WAS CREATED?

>

Yes, I knew / No, I didn’t know that some

parts of Croatia had belonged to Austro-

Hungarian empire before the Republic of

Croatia was created.



(the students make questions to the following answers)

I THINK THE BIGGEST

RESPONSIBILITY OF A VISIONARY IS

TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN HIS OR HER

LIFE.

> What do you think is the biggest

responsibility of a visionary?

NO, I DON’T THINK I’D BE ABLE TO

TEACH PEOPLE ABOUT THE

FUNCTIONS OF ALTERNATING

CURRENT.

> Do you think you’d be able to teach people

about the functions of alternating current?

THERE ARE ABOUT ONE THOUSAND

ISLANDS ON THE COAST OF

CROATIA.

> How many islands are there on the coast of

Croatia?

YES, I THINK PEOPLE LIKE

MUHAMMAD ALI CAN BE AN

INSPIRATION TO OTHERS EVEN IF

THEY DON’T LIKE BOXING.

>

Do you think people like Muhammad Ali can

be an inspiration to others even if they don’t

like boxing?

Section 142.1

velocity/vəˈlɒsɪti/

a scale /skeɪl/

a gale /ɡeɪl/

a wave /weɪv/

to wave /weɪv/

a breeze /briːz/

a knot /nɒt/

to knot /nɒt/


Copyright SPEAK.PL DIRECT ENGLISH ® 5 / 221

(the teacher explains the following in the students’ native language)

IDIOMS

(14) ‘to tie the knot’ – to get married, or to do the marriage ceremony as a priest

We tied the knot in a small church in Nevada.

It was hard to find somebody to tie the knot in the middle of the night.

ACCORDING TO SOME SOURCES

THE VELOCITY OF THE CHEETAH

EXCEEDS 100 KM/H.

> According to some sources the velocity of the

cheetah exceeds 100 km/h

THE BODY OF FISH IS ALL COVERED

BY SCALES. > The body of fish is all covered by scales.

YOUNG PEOPLE FIND IT VERY

ROMANTIC TO WALK ALONG THE

BEACH IN A LIGHT EVENING

BREEZE.

> Young people find it very romantic to walk

along the beach in a light evening breeze.

GALE FORCE WINDS THROW MOST

BOATS AROUND THE WATER LIKE

TOYS.

> Gale force winds throw most boats around

the water like toys.

THE SAYLOR’S HANDS WERE

SHAKING WITH COLD AS HE WAS

TRYING TO TIE THE KNOT.

> The saylor’s hands were shaking with cold as

he was trying to tie the knot.

MY PARENTS TIED THE KNOW 40

YEARS AGO. > My parents tied the knot 40 years ago.

THE SONG ‘WAVE YOUR FLAG’ WAS

WRITTEN SPECIALLY FOR THE

FOOTBALL WORLD CUP IN AFRICA.

>

The song ‘wave your flag’ was written

specially for the Football World Cup in

Africa.



Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort of the British Navy devised the scale of wind

velocity in 1805 and it has been used worldwide ever since. The Beaufort

scale employs a scale from 0 to 12 and describes a variety of breezes and

gales. Zero represents a wind velocity of less than 1 mile per hour. 12

represents a wind velocity of more than 74 miles per hour and is commonly

called a hurricane.

Weather and sailing professionals find it more appropriate to use knots

instead of miles in order to describe the velocity of wind according to

Beaufort scale.

It is also important to add that Beaufort wind scale represents not only

wind velocity but also the size of waves measured in feet.

WHAT KIND OF SCALE DID

ADMIRAL BEAUFORT DEVISE? >

Admiral Beaufort devised a scale of wind

velocity.

WHAT DOES THE BEAUFORT SCALE

DESCRIBE? >

The Beaufort scale describes a variety of

breezes and gales.

IS IT TRUE THAT 12 ON THE

BEAUFORT SCALE REPRESENTS A

WIND VELOCITY OF MORE THAN 74

MILES PER HOUR?

>

Yes, it’s true that 12 on the Beaufort scale

represents a wind velocity of more than 74

miles per hour.

DO SAILING PROFESSIONALS FIND

IT APPROPRIATE TO USE MILES IN

ORDER TO DESCRIBE WIND

VELOCITY?

>

No, sailing professionals don’t find it

appropriate to use miles in order to describe

wind velocity but they use knots.

CAN YOU REMEMBER WHAT THE

BEAUFORT SCALE DESCRIBES

APART FROM WIND VELOCITY?

> Yes, I can. The Beaufort scale also describes

the size of waves measured in feet.

HAVE YOU EVER SEEN GALE FORCE

WINDS PICK UP KANGAROOS? >

No, I have never seen gale force winds pick

up kangaroos.

WHAT DO YOU THINK ARE THE

MAIN REASONS FOR PEOPLE TO TIE

THE KNOT?

> I think the main reasons for people to tie the

knot are love and hopes for a better life.



HOW, DO YOU THINK, SMALL BOATS

BEHAVE ON THE SEA WHEN WIND

VELOCITY REACHES 50 MILES PER

HOUR?

>

I think small boats are in danger of sinking

on the sea / are thrown around the water like

toys when wind velocity reaches 50 miles per

hour.

DO YOU ENJOY THE COOL BREEZE

IN SUMMER? > Yes, I enjoy the cool breeze in summer.

HAVE YOU EVER BEEN AFRAID OF

THE SCALE OF WORLDWIDE

TERRORISM?

> No, I’ve never been afraid of the scale of

worldwide terrorism.

IS LYING ON THE BEACH IN A WARM

BREEZE ONE OF THE BEST WAYS

FOR YOU TO RELAX?

> Yes, lying on the beach in a warm breeze is

one of the best ways for me to relax.

DID YOU TIE THE KNOT WITH ANY

WOMEN IN LAS VEGAS? >

No, I didn’t tie to knot with any women in

Las Vegas.

WOULD YOU EXPECT A SMALL

HOUSE BY THE SEA TO KEEP

STANDING AFTER A STRONG GALE?

> No, I wouldn’t expect a small house by the

sea to keep standing after a strong gale.

HOW FAST DO YOU THINK A

MOTORBOAT CAN GO ON WATER? >

I think a motorboat can go at about 70 miles

per hour on water.

HAVE YOU EVER PLAYED IN THE

SEA DURING A STRONG GALE

WHICH CAUSED HIGH WAVES?

>

Yes, I’ve / No, I haven’t played in the sea

during a strong gale which caused high

waves.

(the students make questions to the following answers)

NO, I HAVEN’T TIED THE KNOT YET. > Have you tied the knot yet?

YES, I THINK THE BEAUFORT SCALE

IS USED WORLDWIDE NOWADAYS. >

Do you think the Beaufort scale is used

worldwide nowadays.

NO, I HAVE NO IDEA HOW

SCIENTISTS MEASURE THE

VELOCITY OF ANIMALS.

> Do you have any idea how scientists measure

the velocity of animals?

NO, I DON’T THINK A LIGHT BREEZE

WOULD BE ABLE TO BLOW OFF MY

HAT.

> Do you think a light breeze would be able to

blow off your hat?