Digital Storytelling
Digital stories in the classroomNew Media Pathways to Literacy, Learning, & Creativity(Corwin Press, August, 2007)
www.jasonOhler.com/storytelling
Digital Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
Digital Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
3. Emotional - maturity, realization
4. Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
Digital Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
3. Emotional - maturity, realization
4. Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
5. Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
Digital Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
3. Emotional - maturity, realization
4. Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
5. Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings
8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation
Digital Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
3. Emotional - maturity, realization
4. Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
5. Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings
8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation
Digital Storytelling
Bloom’s taxonomy as transformation…Level Kind Explanation
#6 Evaluation Character assesses situation, critiques and/or defends idea, person; evaluates a situation in order to respond to it…
#5 Synthesis Character pieces together parts to form new understanding of situation…
#4 Analysis Character deconstructs a situation, distinguishes among options, plans or organizes something, compares and contrasts different things…
#3 Application Character discovers, constructs or changes something; applies understanding to a new situation…
#2 Comprehension Character explains, interprets, predicts something…
#1 Knowledge Character knows, remembers, describes something…
Digital Storytelling
1. Tell, watch stories some…2. Story core, story map…3. You create a story map…4. Peer pitch it…5. Develop media lists…6. Assessment…7. DST talking points…
Today’s plan:
Digital Storytelling
- Learning -
Story Core for learning- the quest story becomes the question story
InquiryDiscover
y
Digital Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital Storytelling
Traditional story boarding
Angle:
Shot:
Movement:
Audio:
Angle:
Shot:
Movement:
Audio:
Technical direction
Technical direction
Digital Storytelling
Angle: wide
Shot: side of bus, going to school
Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn)
Angle: wide, zoom in
Shot: front of school, students entering
Movement: stationary
Audio: music, cont.
Technical directionNone - ambient happy school bus noise
Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter
Story board for “We Won’t Leave School”
Technical direction
Digital Storytelling
http://www.csupomona.edu/~wcweber/325/storybd.htm
Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter
Script, voice over narration:
“Once upon a time there were children so in love with school they refused to leave when summer vacation came. They demanded to keep learning. ‘More math problems!’ they cried.”
None - voice over with ambient happy school, bus noise
Story board for “We Won’t Leave School”
Angle: wide
Shot: side of bus, going to school
Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn)
Technical direction
Digital Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
NO!2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital Storytelling
New story planning process
1. Get a story idea
3. Develop storyboard or outline and script
2. Develop story mapNew!
Digital Storytelling
Key concept: Story mapping vs. boarding…
…the flow of emotion vs. the flow of motion…
VS.
:
New!
Digital Storytelling
(Dillingham, 2003; modified Ohler 2005)
VPS + transformation = quest
Transformation
Problem(tension) Solution
(resolution)
Beginning End
Digital Storytelling
Story Core within the story map
(Ohler, 2005)
Transformation
Story
Problem(tension) Solution
(resolution)
Beginning End
Digital Storytelling
Story Map
(Ohler, 2005)
Transformation
Story
Problem(tension) Solution
(resolution)
- challenge - opportunity
- obstacle- goal
-meet challenge
-realize opportunity
-overcome obstacle
-reach goal
Ordinary life…
“the call to adventure…” closure
“Life” resumes…
Beginning End
Digital Storytelling
Story Map
(Ohler, 2005)
Transformation
Problem(tension) Solution
(resolution)
- challenge - opportunity
- obstacle- goal
-meet challenge
-realize opportunity
-overcome obstacle
-reach goal
Ordinary life…
“the call to adventure…” closure
“Life” resumes…
Beginning End
Digital Storytelling
Fox tires of being meanand friendless; wantsto change...Fox Becomes a Better Person
BeginningEndFox is mean;alienates othersaround him...Fox takes things fromothers, like firewood,a scooter...Fox enlists Dove’s helpto help him becomea better person...Fox workshard every day to change...Eventually, Fox transforms;life is better for everyone inthe forest...Fox wants friends but realizes hewill need help changing in orderto have them. He asks Dove for help...
Fox learns importantSoutheast AlaskaCultural Valuethat Hannah (anAlaskan Native) hasbeen studying toprepare her story: Speakwith Care.Changes....
Visual Portrait of Story (VPS) - the quest
(Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)
Digital Storytelling
End
Aristotle - Story Map/Diagram
complication
peripeteia
Aristotle
(reversal of fortune)
tying of the knot untying
anagnorisis(transformation, realization)
- - Middle - -
(denouement)
Beginning
From THE POETICS by Aristotle
Digital Storytelling
Freytag’s story pyramid
("untying the knot”)
From DIE TECHNIK DES DRAMAS by Freytag, 1863
Inciting incident Resolution
Digital Storytelling
Joseph Campbellcall to adventure
tests
challenges
problems
rescue
resolution
resurrection
moral, lessons learned, changed habits
threshold of adventure
transformation
helpers
flight
From HERO HAS A THOUSAND FACES by Campbell
Digital Storytelling
Breneman
Minor climaxes
Quick ending after climax
From ONCE UPON A TIME - A STORYTELLING BOOK by Breneman and Breneman
Digital Storytelling
Treasure map
Less structure, more adaptable… begin here or evolve into this approach…?
reversal
smaller conflict
relatively more significant conflict
steep resolution
medium gradual rise to adventure
sharp change
smoother change
start here…
end here…
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
•make ingredients list
•gather, buy ingredients
•begin making cake components
•frost
•decorate
•add candles
•credits, citations for those who helped
•cut the cake
•distribute, share
•seconds anyone?
•take leftovers to work
•share recipe
•ideas
•brain-storm
•decide on cake
•get recipe, directions
•finish components (dough, frosting, etc.)
•taste test
•assemble cake into final product
•bake, let cool
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
Cake planning
- CAKE PRODUCTION PROCESS -
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
Digital Storytelling
Pre-production Production
Post-production
Performance, distribution
•make media list
•gather raw media components
•begin editing raw media components& creating new ones
•finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.)
•assemble media into final product
•formative review
•mix, add transitions, titles
•add credits & citations
•final review•final editing•export final
product into readable format
•showing in class, community
•Web posting•local TV?•local
festival?•DVD?•notifying
others
- MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS -Story planning
•ideas•story
storming•story map•peer
pitching•scripting,
writing•story-
boarding•telling/re-
telling
TODAY
3
2
1
Digital Storytelling
DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story,
critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
Transformation?
Problem (tension)
Solution (resolution)
Beginning
Ordinary life…
closure
“Life” resumes…
Start your story anywhere…
Middle(conflict, growth)
End
Build story around a key transformation you want to illustrate…
‘Problem/ resolution scenario you want to flesh out? Start here…
I rarely start here…
Do you have a “moral” you want students to understand? Start here and work backwards…
Opportunities or challenges for your students? Start here…
(Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)
- challenge - opportunity
- obstacle- goal
-meet challenge
-realize opportunity
-overcome obstacle
-reach goal
Digital Storytelling
DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story,
critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…
Digital storytelling blends a number of literacies…
Including MEDIA LITERACY…
(4thR)
Digital Storytelling
DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story,
critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
Report/ DocumentaryStory
Two kinds of thinking…
VS.
Where…? ?
Story thinking vs. Analytic thinking
Digital Storytelling
DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story,
critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
Beneath story: storyboards, story maps, scripts, photos, footage, music, logs, media lists, narratives, treatments…lots of writing “under the radar”…if it ain’t on the page…
Story on the digital stage is just tip of artifact/assessment iceberg…
Assessment
Digital Storytelling
AssessmentReason teachers don’t require more new media projects from students??
Not comfortable assessing new media…
So, let’s help them…
Role of media grammar in new media…
Digital Storytelling
Digital story rubric1. Story2. Voice3. Length, pacing, economy4. Media use5. Technique,
media grammar6. Assessable artifacts7. Citations ©
Digital Storytelling
DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story,
critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
First 80%Last 20%
20%
las
t 8
0 %
glitz, fixing every little thing…
the production wall
- project completion -
Hitting the production wall
Rule of 80/20
- co
sts,
reso
urc
es
-
Digital Storytelling
First 80%Last 20%
20%
las
t 8
0 %
- co
sts,
reso
urc
es
-
My advice?
Forget the last 20%!!!
- project completion -
Rule of 80/20
Digital Storytelling
Steady camera…
Clear audio… (ear squinting?)
Well-mixed audio…
Clear, effective lighting… (eye squinting?)
Subject-oriented shot…
Relevant background…
Unless on purpose!
Media grammar-video
Digital Storytelling
Bump…
Squint…? (eyes, ear, mind)
Confused or distracted…?
Story clear, supported, not overwhelmed
Use of music… (show three “music” movies)
Media grammar
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