Download - Digital Kids Asia -Pacific · 2019-05-10 · UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019 1. To provide member states with a regional framework and tools to

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  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Insights into Children’s Digital Citizenship

    Digital Kids Asia-Pacific:

    10 May 2019 UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education ([email protected])

    mailto:[email protected]

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Acknowledgement

    In partnership with:

    Supported by:

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    OUTLINE

    2. Overall Findings and Factors

    3. Domain Specific Findings

    4. Policy Recommendations & Ways Forward

    1. Introduction

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Introduction

    1.

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Why DKAP: Gaps in digital citizenship

    • Lack of research and baseline data in the Asia-Pacific region to understand children’s capabilities and behaviours in the digital environment;

    • Limited definitions of digital competencies, focusing on basic digital literacy;

    • Dominance of the risk and safety paradigms (and neglect of other key aspects, such as empowering them to effectively participate, create and advance digital opportunities) 4

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Five domains to measure

    Opp

    ortu

    nitie

    s Risks

    Digital Literacy

    Digital Safety & Resilience

    Digital Participation & Agency

    Digital Emotional Intelligence

    Digital Creativity & Innovation

    7

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    1. To provide member states with a regional framework and tools to measure digital citizenship competencies among children

    2. Data collection (May – Oct 2018)• 104-question self-assessment• Targets 15 years old students in 4

    countries • 5,129 responses (min. 1,000 from

    each country with gender/geographic balance)

    Study

    5

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Regional Context: ICT Development

    Source: Measuring Information Society Report 2017, ITU.

    6

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Overall Findings and Factors (affecting student performance)

    2.

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Overall Digital Citizenship Competencies

    2.4

    2.6

    2.8

    3

    3.2

    3.4

    3.6

    3.8

    4

    DL DSR DPA DEI CI

    M

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Vietnam 8

    Highest in Digital Resilience and Safety

    Lowest in Digital Creation and Innovation

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Country profiles

    9

    Highest

    Highest

    Highest

    Lowest Lowest

    LowestLowest

    Highest

    3.35

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    Digital Literacy Digital Safety & Resilience

    Digital Participation & Agency

    Digital Emotional

    Intelligence

    Digital Creativity & Innovation

    Bangladesh

    Fiji No difference No difference

    South Korea No difference

    Viet Nam No difference No difference No difference

    Does gender matter?

    Finding:With exception to some cases in Fiji and Viet Nam, girls perform better than boys across all five digital citizenship domains.

    * Level of statistical significance; ***p

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Digital Literacy Digital Safety & Resilience

    Digital Participation

    & Agency

    Digital Emotional

    Intelligence

    Digital Creativity & Innovation

    Bangladesh No difference No difference No difference No difference

    Fiji No difference

    South Korea

    Viet Nam No difference No difference

    Urban vs. Rural

    12

    Finding:With exception to one case in Fiji, kids in the urban area perform better than the kids in rural area across all five digital citizenship domains.

    *

    ***

    **

    **

    **

    **

    ***

    ***

    ***

    ***

    ***

    ***

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Digital divides persist and it matters

    How long have you been using digital devices? (laptops/desktops, smartphones, tablet PCs, etc.)

    Finding:• Significant digital divides• Access at home and

    schools is significantly associated with higher performance in all five domains.

    10 8 1 1

    3124

    2 6

    31

    22

    2

    17

    20

    22

    14

    32

    824

    81

    44

    BANGLADESH FIJI KOREA VIETNAM

    Never Less than 1 year 1-2 years

    3-4 years More than 5 years (%)

    13

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Screen time – is it all bad?

    How often do you use digital devices?

    Findings:• 8% of Korea and Vietnam

    respondents spend more than 7 hrs a day on digital devices. (23% 5hrs and more)

    • Yet, the longer duration of use is positively associated with higher performance in Digital Creativity and Innovation. 23 19

    3 2

    3125

    5 5

    35

    29

    29 31

    8

    14

    41 39

    27

    14 15

    1 6 8 8

    BANGLADESH FIJ I KOREA VIETNAM

    Hardly ever Less than an hour 1-2 hour

    3-4 hours 5-6 hours 7 hours or more

    (%)

    14

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Who taught you most about how to use computers?

    46.3

    12.2

    23.5

    13.9

    2.5 1.6

    26.3

    16.1

    22.9

    31.3

    0.8 2.77.6

    10.7

    19.6

    59.3

    0.4 2.3

    29.5

    10.5 12.3

    46.9

    0.2 0.60

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    My teachers My friends My family I learned myself My localcommunity

    Others

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Vietnam

    Finding:Self-learned students show higher levels of performances than those who learn from others.

    15

    (%)

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Who plays the biggest role in guiding children to use Internet safely?

    81% 80% 77%

    51%

    91%

    67%

    48%

    62%

    81%

    66%

    46%

    70%

    84%

    65%

    53%

    69%

    0%

    10%

    20%

    30%

    40%

    50%

    60%

    70%

    80%

    90%

    100%

    Bangladesh Fiji Republic of Korea Viet Nam

    Parents Teachers Siblings Peers

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Have you ever learned basic coding skills at school?

    Findings:Positively contributes to: • Digital Literacy• Digital Participation and

    Agency • Digital Creativity and

    Innovation

    24.8

    39.3 33.7 41.8

    75.2

    60.766.2

    58

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Vietnam

    No

    Yes

    Yes

    16

    No

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Domain Specific Findings • Digital Literacy• Digital Safety and Resilience• Digital Participation and Agency• Digital Emotional Intelligence• Digital Creativity and Innovation

    3.

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    3.013.14

    3.31

    3.1

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    4

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Viet Nam

    1. Digital Literacy

    Finding:The domain with the widest disparity between countries

    Top 3 factors:• Prior experience in using

    devices (duration)• Number of digital devices

    accessible to students at home

    • Previous experience in developing a website or app

    18

    Digital Literacy

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    3.333.45

    3.53

    3.35

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    4

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Viet Nam

    Digital Safety and Resilience

    2. Digital Safety and Resilience

    Findings:1. The domain with the

    highest performance of all students

    2. Negative effect with the amount of time spent online

    Top 3 factors:• Prior experience in using

    devices (duration)• Number of devices

    accessible at home• Education level of parents

    19

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    3. Digital Participation and Agency

    Finding:The domain with homogeneous low performance level of all students

    Top 3 factors:• Prior experience in

    developing a web or app • Prior experiences in using

    devices• Number of devices

    accessible at home

    3.02 3.04 2.98 3

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    4

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Viet Nam

    Digital Participation and Agency

    20

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    4. Digital Emotional Intelligence

    Finding:Second widest disparity between countries

    Top 3 factors:• Having access to devices at

    home • Prior experience in

    developing a web or app • Education level of parents

    3.063.18 3.22

    2.96

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    4

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Viet Nam

    Digital Emotional Intelligence

    21

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    2.62.72 2.76 2.74

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    4

    Bangladesh Fiji Korea Viet Nam

    Digital Creativity and Innovation

    5. Digital Creativity and Innovation

    Findings:1. Remarkably low

    performance across the countries

    2. Also, biggest standard deviations within countries

    Top 3 factors:• # of hours of using digital

    devices a day• Prior learning experiences

    in coding• Prior experiences in

    developing a website or app

    22

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Policy Recommendations and Ways Forward

    4.

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Policy recommendations

    1. Expand the scope of digital skills to prepare holistic digital citizenship (beyond basic literacy and safety)

    2. Encourage research that reflect children’s voice in educational policy and intervention

    3. Build support systems with parents, teachers, peers and siblings4. Embrace positive sides of screen time, but with caution5. Make a coordinated effort to close digital divides6. Empower girls – let’s help them match their competence with

    social/cultural confidence. 7. Develop inter-sectoral partnerships to address identified challenges

    24

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 201927

    https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47825826

    “the screen time is not the main driver of mental issues” but what they see can have an enormous impact.

    https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/24/well/mind/putting-down-your-phone-may-help-you-live-longer.html

    https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47825826https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/24/well/mind/putting-down-your-phone-may-help-you-live-longer.html

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 201928

    “Among those teenagers who were the lightest users, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to improved wellbeing - possibly because it was important for keeping up friendships.

    In contrast, among the heaviest users of technology, any increase in time was linked to lower levels of wellbeing.”

    https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-42907037

    https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-42907037

  • UNESCO UNESCO Digital Kids Asia-Pacific Report Launch May 10, 2019

    Ways forward

    1. More research in this area is needed. 2. Effective strategy to communicate the findings3. Expanding and scaling up: DKAP Champions

    (Session 3)

    25

  • SubjectUNESCO

    Insight into Children’s Digital Citizenship

    Digital Kids Asia-Pacific

    Thank You.ICT in Education ([email protected]) UNESCO Asia Pacific Regional Bureau for Education (http://bangkok.unesco.org/theme/ict-education)

    mailto:[email protected]://bangkok.unesco.org/theme/ict-education

    Digital Kids Asia-Pacific: �AcknowledgementSlide Number 3Slide Number 4Why DKAP: Gaps in digital citizenshipFive domains to measureStudyRegional Context: ICT Development Slide Number 9Overall Digital Citizenship Competencies Country profiles Does gender matter?Urban vs. RuralDigital divides persist and it matters Screen time – is it all bad?Who taught you most about how to use computers?Who plays the biggest role in guiding children to use Internet safely? Have you ever learned basic coding skills at school? Slide Number 191. Digital Literacy2. Digital Safety and Resilience 3. Digital Participation and Agency 4. Digital Emotional Intelligence 5. Digital Creativity and Innovation Slide Number 25Policy recommendations Slide Number 27Slide Number 28Ways forwardSlide Number 30