Steve WheelerInstitute of EducationPlymouth University
United Kingdom
Digital Age LearningThe Changing Face of Digital Learning
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Albert_Einstein_1947.jpg
“I never teach my students. I only provide the conditions in which they can learn.”
- Albert Einstein
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Surface Learning
Deep Learning
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Source: Marton and SaljoGraphic by Steve Wheeler
Strategic Learning
Knowledge
Wisdom
Transformation
http://slated.org
Knowing that
Knowing how
Knowing why
Cognition
Application
Analysis
Evaluation
Declarative
Procedural
Critical
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Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
Transformation
ENGAGEMENT
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Graphic by Steve Wheeler
Quiz question: When was the first attempt at distance learning ?
Stev
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Image sources: Wikimedia Commons
Stev
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1840
Image Source https://www.flickr.com/photos/bking/258331658/
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Photo by Brandon King
1968: Stanford
Instructional TV Network
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http://www.spacetoday.org
http://www.gamersmint.com
http://www.techdigest.tv
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Image source: http://www.masterlink.com/blog
“This is for everyone”
Stev
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Stev
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Funnels of Webs
“The current search for new educational funnels must be reversed into the search for their institutional
inverse: educational webs which heighten the opportunity for each one to transform each moment
of his living into one of learning, sharing, and caring.” Illich (1972)
Stev
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Funnels or Webs?
My PLE
My e-portfolio
My PLN
Other Tools
Stev
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Personal Learning Environments
Graphic by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning Environment
Source: http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/2010/07/anatomy-of-ple.html
Steve Wheeler & Manish Malik (2010)
XC
Embedded MOOCs?
The Future...?
• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’
hof.povray.org
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Stev
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Social, political, and economic systems change incrementally, but technology changes exponentially.
Larry Downes
Law of Disruption
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The Future...?
• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’• 2009: ‘The future is smart mobile’hof.povray.org
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‘Change is not linear – it’s exponential’ - Kurzweil
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The First Mobile Phone
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http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/communications/internet-minute-infographic.html
Social Media use in 2013
>1.15 Billion (>100 billion connections)
>500 Million >238 Million
>14 million articles
>6 Billion images (87 Million users)
Sources from service providers and also http://econsultancy.com (Correct in Feb/March 2013)
3.5 Billion views/day60 hours/minute
>500 Million
>139 Million(55 million posts per day)
Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler
Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler
I store my knowledge with my friends
Stev
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Connectivism Paragogy Distributed Cognition
Ubiquitous connection
cc S
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http://i.imwx.com
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Students taking notesPhoto: Lori Cullen
Stev
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http://web.media.mit.edu/~papert/
“I am convinced that the best learning takes place when the learner takes charge.”
– Seymour Papert Stev
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We learn by doing (Piaget, 1950)
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
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We learn by making (Papert, 1960)Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
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Learning 2.0
User generated
content
Learning by making
Stev
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http://sellyourstoryuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Old-and-Young-Computer.jpg
Stev
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Blogging and Tweeting
Stev
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We are familyhttp://pro.corbis.com
Stev
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Wii are family!
http://wiifitnessdepot.com
Stev
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Flow Channel
CHAL
LEN
GE
SKILLSLow High
Low
High
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi, 1991
Graphic by Steve Wheeler
CHAL
LEN
GE
SKILLSLow High
Low
High
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
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of P
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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
P1
P2
P3
P4
Graphic by Steve Wheeler
Beyond my reach
What I can learn with help(ZPD)
ZPD and scaffolding
What I can learn on my
own
Technology and toolsKnowledgeable others
Stev
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of P
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, 201
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Graphic by Steve Wheeler
Zone of Proxim
al Development (Z
PD)CH
ALLE
NGE
SKILLSLow High
Low
High
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
Graphic by Steve Wheeler
http://thirdmonth.blogspot.co.uk
Computers as ‘mind tools’ for the engaging of learners in critical thinking
- David Jonassen
Stev
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Learning 2.0
CurationCollaborating
Sharing and Amplifying
Voting
Networking
User generated
content
Architecture of participation
Tagging and Bookmarking
Stev
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Aggregation
‘New’ learners are...• more self-directed• better equipped to capture information• more reliant on feedback from peers• more inclined to collaborate• more oriented toward being their own “nodes of production”.
Education Trends | Featured NewsJohn K. Waters—13 December 2011
http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html
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http://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology
“Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him an iPhone.”
- Abraham Lincoln (on the ‘selfie’)
Stev
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“60% of all Internet pages
contain misleading
information.”
- Thomas Edison
Learners need ‘digital literacies’
Stev
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Learners will need new ‘literacies’
• Social networking• Privacy maintenance• Identity management• Creating content• Organising content• Reusing and repurposing• Filtering and selecting• Self presention• Transliteracy
http://www.mopocket.com/
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Leaning 2.0 – Digital Literacies
Mastery
Literacies
Competencies
Skills
Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)
Web 3.0Semantic Web
Web 1.0The Web
Web x.0Meta Web
Web 2.0Social Web
Degree of Social Connectivity
Degr
ee o
f Inf
orm
ation
Con
necti
vity
Adapted from : Nova Spivak
Stev
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, 201
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Web 3.0Semantic Web
Web 1.0The Web
Web x.0Meta Web
Web 2.0Social Web
Degree of Social Connectivity
Degr
ee o
f Inf
orm
ation
Con
necti
vity
Connects information Connects people
Connects knowledge Connects intelligence
The (Smart) eXtended Web
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- Socrates Stev
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato Stev
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904
Stev
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904
Stev
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904
Darwikianism Stev
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“All too often we are giving young people cut flowers when we should be teaching them to grow their own plants.”
- John W. Gardner
http://picsnwall.com/wp-content/uploads
Stev
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Photo by Joyce Seitzinger
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