Dezső Sima
Fall 2007
(Ver. 1.0) Sima Dezső, 2007
Multisocket system architectures
Contents
2. Intel’s DP servers•
4. Intel’s MP servers•
7. AMD’s MP servers•
1. Introduction•
3. Intel’s DP workstations•
8. AMD’s Quad FX and FSNQ8 high end desktop platforms•
5. AMD’s direct connect architecture•
6. AMD’s DP servers•
Nov. 30 2006, AMD: Quad FX platform (formerly codenamed 4x4) for high end desktops Termed also as Dual Socket Direct Connect (DSDC) Architecture with the Athlon 64 FX processor family)
Nov. 2 2006,: Intel: First quasi quad-core processor, the Core 2 Extreme QX6700 (Kentsfield) (two dual-core dies in a single package)
June 1 2006, AMD: 4x4 platform for enthusiasts (four-core, dual socket platform using AMD’s DCA) (gaming, digital video, processor intensive and heavily multithreaded apps.)
To be upgraded for eight cores in 2007 by using AMD’s four core processors
Mai 14, 2007: AMD: 8-core FASN8 platform (first AMD silicon next-gen 8-core) two quad-core Phenom (desktop) processors, Direct X10 Radeon HT 2900XT GPU, unknown chipset
Phenom brand name (for K10 based quad-core desktop processors) introduced
Sept 10 2007, AMD: K10-based quad-core (Barcelona) server processors (Opterons) introduced
The notion of Average CPU Power (ACP) also introduced (dissipation including cores, memory controller, bus controller while running a suite of commercial workloads
Sept. 5 2007, Intel: Core 2 based MP-line Four-socket Caneland platform, including the Core 2 based MP server line Tigerton (7300-line) and the 7300 chipset (Clarksboro)
1. Introduction
Nov. 11 2007 Intel: 45 nm Penrin based quasi quad core processors high end desktop (QX9650) and quad core/dual core DP server processors
June 2006, Intel: Introduction the dual core Core2 family
Figure: Typical configuration of an early DP-server motherboard based on the Intel’s E7500/E7501 (Plunas) chipset
P4
ICH3-S
FWH
E7500/E7501 SDRAM
SDRAM
SDRAMinterface
SDRAMinterface
DDR 200/266
registered, ECC opt.
Ultra ATA/100
PCI v.2.2
USB v. 1.1GPIO
FSB
LPC
HI 1.5
P4
(with RASUM)
HI 2.0
PCI-X v.2.2
Prestonia Prestonia
MCH
400/533 MHz
8/12/16 GB
HI 2.0
HI 2.0
PCI-Xbridge
SATA c.
GbE c.
PCI-X v.2.2
SATA
GbE
Video c.
MbE c.
PCI v.2.2
LAN
(5 ports)
SVGA
MbE
SIO
FD KB MS SP PP
SCSI c.SCSI
(1-2 slots)
(1-2 slots)
(3 slots)
3200-4264
1600-2128
1600-2128
266
133
1.5
2*100
~5
1066
1066
1066
(2 ports)
2. Intel’s DP servers (1)
Figure: Typical configuration of an advanced early DP-server motherboard based on Intel’s E7520 (Lindenhurst) chipset
P4
ICH5R
FWH
E7520 SDRAM
SDRAM
SDRAMinterface
SDRAMinterface
DDR 266/333, DDR2 400
registered, ECC opt.
Ultra ATA/100
PCI v.2.3
USB v. 2.0
SATA
AC' 97 v.2.3
GPIO
FSB
LPC
HI 1.5
P4
(with RASUM)
PCI E. x8PCI-X v.1.0b
Nocona Nocona
MCH
800 MHz
16/24/32 GB
PCI E. x8
PCI E. x8
PCI-Xbridge
SCSI c.
GbE c.
PCI-X v.1.0bPCI E. x8(or 2x x4)
SCSI
GbE
Video c.
MbE c.
PCI v.2.3
LAN
(4 ports)
SVGA
MbE
SIO
FD KB MS SP PP
60
3200
2128-3200
2128-3200
266
133
~1.4
2*100
2*150
~5
4000
4000
4000
(2 ports)
(2 ports)
2. Intel’s DP servers (2)
Figure: Evolution of Intel’s DP servers
800MT/s
6.4 GB/s
7520
(Lindenhurst)
Nocona
SC
Nocona
SC
24 LanesPCIe
7.5GB/s
Dual1066MT/s17.1 GB/s
DempseyWoodcrestClowertown
DC
5000
(Blackford)24 Lanes
PCIe7.5GB/s
DempseyWoodcrestClowertown
DC
Dual DDR2 400 MT/s6.4 GB/s
Quad FB-DIMM 533 MT/s17.1 GB/s
2. Intel’s DP servers (3)
Single
Figure : Intel’s platforms and chipsets designed for dual-socket Xeon-based DP-servers
DP Platforms
Xeon DP 2.8 DC
10/2005
Cores
Xeon 5100 Xeon 5300 Xeon 5400
Xeon 5000
11/200711/20066/2006
5/2006
DP Chipsets
(Dempsey) DC
(Woodcrest) DC (Clowertown) QC (Harpertown) QC
5000
06/2006
5000P 5000V/Z
5100
6/2006 6/2006
(Blackford) (Blackford V/Z)
10/2007
2xFSB1066MT/s
4 x FBDIMM(DDR2)64GB
2 x FBDIMM(DDR2)16GB
5100
10/2006
(?)
2xFSB1333/1066 MT/s
2 x FBDIMM( DDR2)
32GB
2. Intel’s DP servers (1)
(Bensley) (Cranberry Lake)
5000 (Dempsey, Netburst), DC
FB-DIMM
up to 64 GB
Figure: The dual socket 5000 (Bensley) DP platformincluding the 5000 (Blackford) chipset and Xeon 5000 DC/QC DP processors (5/2006) [3]
5100 (Woodcrest, Core2), DC
5300 (Clowertown, Core2), QC
Xeon
In workstations the snoop filtereliminates snoop traffic to the
graphics port
5000(Blackford)
2. Intel’s DP servers (5)
FB-DIMM DDR2
64 GB
5000P
SBE2
Xeon DC/QC
5000 DC5100 DC5300 QC
Figure: Dual socket 5000 (Bensley) motherboard, with the 5000 (Blackford) chipset (Supermicro X7DB8+) for the Xeon 5000 DC/QC DP processor families [7]
2. Intel’s DP servers (6)
Figure: Dual socket 5000 (Bensley) motherboard, with the 5000 (Blackford) chipset (Supermicro X7DB+). Motherboard layout [7]
2. Intel’s DP servers (7)
Table: Latency and bandwidth scaling of the Intel 5000 platform (2006) over the earlier generation (2004) [1]
2. Intel’s DP servers (8)
Table: Performance figures of the
5000 platform for 1/2/4 core processors [1]
2. Intel’s DP servers (9)
Figure: Relative Improvement of the 5000 (Bensley) platform over the
preceeding E7520 (Lindenhurst) based DP platform [12]
2. Intel’s DP servers (10)
5000X
5/2006
(Greencreek)
5400
11/2007
5400
5/2006
(Seaburg)
WS Platforms
Xeon DP 2.8 DC
10/2005
Cores
Xeon 5100 Xeon 5300 Xeon 5400
Xeon 5000
11/200711/20066/2006
5/2006
WS/HPC Chipsets
(Dempsey) DC
(Woodcrest) DC (Clowertown) QC (Harpertown) QC
Figure : Intel’s platforms and chipsets designed for dual-socket Xeon-based DP workstations
2xFSB1333/1066 MT/s
2 x FBDIMM( DDR2)
32GB
2xFSB1600/1333/1066 MT/s
4 x FBDIMM( DDR2)128GB
3. Intel’s DP workstations (1)
(Stoakley)
Figure: Dual socket 5400 motherboard, with the 5400 (Seaburg) chipset (Supermicro X7DWN+) for the Xeon 5400/5200 DC/QC DP processor families [7]
FB-DIMMDDR2
128 GB
1600 MT/sFSB
Xeon 5400
3. Intel’s DP workstations (2)
Figure: Dual socket 5400 motherboard, with the 5400 (Seaburg) chipset (Supermicro X7DWN+) Motherboard layout [7]
3. Intel’s DP workstations (3)
MP Platforms
Xeon 7000
11/2005
Cores Xeon 7200 Xeon 7300Xeon 7100
9/20079/20078/2006
MP Chipsets
3/2006 4/2006 9/2007
8500 8501 7300
(Paxville MP) (Tulsa) (Tigerton DC) (Tigerton)
7300
9/2007
(Clarksboro)(Twin Castle) (?)
Figure : Intel’s platforms and chipsets designed for quad-socket Xeon-based MP servers
2xFSB667 MT/s
4 x XMB(2 x DDR2)
32GB
2xFSB800 MT/s
4 x XMB(2 x DDR2)
32GB
4xFSB1066 MT/s
4 x FBDIMM(DDR2)512GB
4. Intel’s MP servers (1)
(Caneland)
8500
(Truland)
Figure: Evolution of Intel’s MP chipsets
Preceding NB
Potomac Potomac Potomac Potomac
Clarksboro
Tigerton Tigerton Tigerton Tigerton
(Twin Castle)
Paxville MPTulsa
XMB
XMB
XMB
XMB
Paxville MPTulsa
Paxville MPTulsa
Paxville MPTulsa
4. Intel’s MP servers (2)
8500
DC/QC DC/QC DC/QC DC/QC
SC SC SC SC DC DC DC DC
ExternalMemoryBridge
IndependentMemory Interface
5.33 GB inbound BW2.67 GB outbound BW simultaneously
Figure: Intel’s 8501 chipset for MP servers (4/ 2006) [4]
Xeon DC MP 7000(4/2005) or later
DC/QC MP 7000 processors
Intelligent MCDual mem. channelsDDR 266/333/4004 DIMM/channel
(North Bridge)
4. Intel’s MP servers (3)
Serial link
7000/7100
FB-DIMM DDR2
64 GB
Figure: Quad socket Intel E8501 chipset based motherboard (Supermicro X6QT8) for the Xeon 7000/7100 DC MP processor families [7]
Xeon DC
E8501 NB
ICH5R SB
4. Intel’s MP servers (4)
Figure: Quad socket Intel 8501 chipset based motherboard (Supermicro X6QT8) Motherboard layout [7]
PCI-X Contr. Hub
4. Intel’s MP servers (5)
Figure Bandwith bottlenecks in Intel’s 8501 MP server platform [2]
4. Intel’s MP servers (6)
Figure: Intel’s four socket 7300 (Caneland) platform, based on the 7300 (Clarksboro) chipset for the Xeon 7000 DC/QC MP families (9/2007) [6]
FB-DIMM
up to 512 GB
7200 (Tigerton DC, Core2), DC
Xeon
7300 (Tigerton QC, Core2), QC
4. Intel’s MP servers (7)
FB-DIMM DDR2
192 GB
ATI ES1000 Graphics with 32MB video memory
7200 DC 7300 QC(Tigerton)
Xeon
Figure: Quad socket 7300 (Caneland) motherboard, with the 7300 (Clarksboro) chipset (Supermicro X7QC3) for the Xeon 7200/7300 DC/QC MP processor families [7]
SBE2 SB
7300 NB
4. Intel’s MP servers (8)
Figure: Quad socket 7300 (Caneland) motherboard, with the 7300 (Clarksboro) chipset (Supermicro X7QC3) Motherboard layout [7]
4. Intel’s MP servers (9)
Figure: Performance comparison of the Caneland platform with a quad core Xeon (7300 family) vs the Bensley platform with a dual core Xeon 7140M [13]
4. Intel’s MP servers (10)
UP: Opteron 100/1000 DP: Opteron 200/2000, MP: 800/8000
CPU0
1MB L2 Cache
CPU1
System Request Interface
Crossbar Switch
MemoryController HT
1MB L2 Cache
CPU0
1MB L2 Cache
CPU1
System Request Interface
Crossbar Switch
MemoryController 0 1 2
1MB L2 Cache
HyperTransport™
2 x 72 bit 2 x 72 bit 800/8000: 3 coherent links200/2000: 1 coherent link
Figure: Basic structure of the Opteron families [8]
5. AMD’s direct connect architecture (1)
AMD’s 4P/8P Direct Connect server architecture [2]
5. AMD’s direct connect architecture (2)
Figure: Block diagram of the Opteron DP and MP processors [5]
SRI: System Request Interface
MCT: Memory Controller
DCT: DRAM Controller
HT: HyperTransport Bus
5. AMD’s direct connect architecture (3)
Figure: Datapath implementation of the Opteron DP and MP processors [5]
5. AMD’s direct connect architecture (4)
Figure: Block diagram of a DP QC motherboard (Asus KFSN4-DRE/SAS) for AMD Opteron 2300 QC family [10]
6. AMD’s DP servers (1)
Figure: Dual socket motherboard (Asus KFSN4-DRE/SAS) for the AMD Opteron 2300 QC family [10]
DDR2
64 GB
2300
Opteron QC DP
nForce 2200 chipset
6. AMD’s DP servers (2)
Figure: Dual socket motherboard (ASUS KFSN4-DRE/SAS) for the AMD Opteron 2300 QC family, motherboard layout [10]
6. AMD’s DP servers (3)
Figure: Block diagram of a QP QC motherboard (ASUS KFN5-Q/SAS) for AMD’s Opteron 8000 DC/QC familes [10]
7. AMD’s MP servers (1)
Figure: Quad socket motherboard (ASUS KFN5-Q/SAS) for the AMD Opteron 8000 DC/QC familes [10]
8300
Opteron QC MP
nForce 3600 chipset
DDR2
64 GB
7. AMD’s MP servers (2)
Figure: Quad socket motherboard (KFN5-Q/SAS) for AMD’s Opteron 8000 DC/QC familes, motherboard layout [10]
7. AMD’s MP servers (3)
Figure: Estimated SPECint_rate2006 figures of a 2.6 GHz Quad-Core Opteron processorover competing processors [14]
7. AMD’s MP servers (4)
Figure: Estimated SPECfp_rate2006 figures of a 2.6GHz Quad-Core Opteron processor over competing processors [14]
7. AMD’s MP servers (5)
Figure: Estimated Quad-Core benchmark results of a 2.3 GHz Opteron over a 3 GHz Dual-Core Opteron 2222 [14]
7. AMD’s MP servers (6)
Figure: AMD’s dual-socket direct connect (Quad-FX) platform for high performance desktops (11/2006) [15]
8. AMD’s Quad FX and FSNQ8 high end desktop platforms (1)
Figure: Dual socket Quad FX motherboard (ASUS L1N64-SLI) for the AMD Athlon 64 FX 70 DC family [9]
8. AMD’s Quad FX and FSNQ8 high end desktop platforms (2)
Figure: AMD’s FASN8 motherboard (Asus L1A64-WS) for two socket QC Phenom FX processors [9](FASN8: first AMD silicon next-gen 8-core)
8. AMD’s Quad FX and FSNQ8 high end desktop platforms (3)
References
[1]: Radhakrisnan S., Sundaram C. and Cheng K., „The Blackford Northbridge Chipset for the Intel 5000,”IEEE Micro, March/April 2007, pp. 22-33
[2]: Next-Generation AMD Opteron Processor with Direct Connect Architecture – 4P Server Comparisonhttp://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/4P_Server_Comparison_PID_41461.pdf
[3]: Intel® 5000P/5000V/5000Z Chipset Memory Controller Hub (MCH) – Datasheet,Sept. 2006. http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/datashts/313071.htm
[4]: Intel® E8501 Chipset North Bridge (NB) Datasheet, Mai 2006,http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/e8501/datashts/309620.htm
[5]: Conway P & Hughes B., „The AMD Opteron Northbridge Architecture”, IEEE MICRO, March/April 2007, pp. 10-21
[6]: Intel® 7300 Chipset Memory Controller Hub (MCH) – Datasheet, Sept. 2007,http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/datashts/313082.htm
[7]: Supermicro Motherboards, http://www.supermicro.com/products/motherboard/
[8] Sander B., „AMD Microőrocessor Technologies,” 2006, http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r4/chicago/foxvalley/IEEE_AMD_Meeting.ppt
[9]: AMD Quad FX Platform with Dual Socket Direct Connect (DSDC) Architecture ,http://www.asisupport.com/ts_amd_quad_fx.htm
[10]: Asustek motherboards - http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=9&l2=39http://support.asus.com/download/model_list.aspx?product=5&SLanguage=en-us
Literature (1)
[11] Kanter, D. „A Preview of Intel's Bensley Platform (Part I),” Real Word Technologies,Aug. 2005, http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT110805135916&p=2
[12] Kanter, D. „A Preview of Intel's Bensley Platform (Part II),” Real Word Technologies,Nov. 2005, http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT112905011743&p=7
[13] Quad-Core Intel® Xeon® Processor 7300 Series Product Brief, Intel, Nov. 2007
http://download.intel.com/products/processor/xeon/7300_prodbrief.pdf
[14] „AMD Shows Off More Quad-Core Server Processors Benchmark” X-bit labs, Nov. 2007
http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20070702235635.html
http://www.asisupport.com/ts_amd_quad_fx.htm[15] AMD, Nov. 2006
Literature (1)
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