Day1/ Session 3
Governance and Perspective of
Decentralization &
Deconcentration
ObjectivesAt the end of the session participants will be able to:1.Define in practical terms the meaning of governance, decentralization and deconcentration.
2.Explain the reasons of implementing the decentralization and deconcentration reforms.3.Describe the core foundations of decentralization and deconcentration reforms.
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Governance
Decen-tralizatio
n
Deconcentration
The Importance of D&D Reforms
vishmCÄkar
Policy and Legal
Frameworks that help
support the implementatio
n of D&D Reforms
Tips of the Session
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Questions for Small Group Discussion
• Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6: Question: “What is governance? and
briefly describe what you have observed about governance in Cambodia” • Group 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12: Question: “What is good governance?
What are the principles of good governance? and
briefly describe what you have observed about
good governance in Cambodia”
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Governance
The Governance means the ways in which nation-state, institutions manage its economic and social affairs, and security, in the interests, and on the behalf, of its citizens.
What is Governance?
What is Governance?
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Good Governance
Good governance is the means that state, institutions, or organizations use to govern economy, social affairs, and security to serve the common interests of the citizens by fulfilling 8 principles below: Good Governance for C/S councils by DOLA/MOI, Nov05, page6
What is Good Governance?What is Good Governance?
Good Governa
nce
1. Participation
2. Rule of Law
3. Transparency
4. Consensus oriented
5. Equity 6. Effectiveness
7. Accountability
8. Responsiveness
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Democratic Culture
Improve Public Service Delivery and
InfrastructureSocial and Economic Development
Poverty Alleviation
Good
G
ove
rnan
ce
Participation
Transparency
Consensus oriented
Equity
Effective &
efficiency
Rule of Law
Responsiveness
Accountability
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Questions for Pair Discussion
1. What is Decentralization?
2. What is Deconcentration?
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Decentralization
Decentralization: The Royal Government gives
sub-national councils, such as Municipal,
Provincial, Districts, Khans, Communes, and
Sangkat councils, the ownership of functions,
authorities and resources (financial, property,
and staff) in order to respond to the local
needs. The council must be accountable to local
residents.
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Deconcentration
Deconcentration: The Royal Government,
ministries or institutions delegate functions and
resources to their own lower unit or to a level
of councils to implement on behalf of the Royal
Government, the ministries or the institutions. The
units or the councils must be accountable to the
Royal Government, ministry or institutions in
accordance with the requirements of the
delegation.
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Basic Principles of D&Dthe reforms will strengthen
the roles of councils at
provincial/ municipal,
district/khan and
commune/sangkat
administrations to be
established in accordance
with the principles of
democracy by expanding
their powers, duties,
responsibilities and
resources.
The reform will introduce
systems and procedures as
ensure that people, especially
women, vulnerable groups
and indigenous minorities
can participate in decision-
making at provincial/
municipal, district/khan and
commune/sangkat levels. Reforms will strengthen accountability at all levels of administration and facilitate citizens' oversight of the administrative and financial affairs of those administrations.
The reforms will strengthen
local capacity in using
resources to support poverty
reduction activities, especially
vulnerable groups, indigenous
minorities and women and
children in order to achieve
the Millennium Development
Goals of Cambodia.
Focusing on
poverty reductio
n:
Effective- ness Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing
citizens to participate in planning and monitoring public
services in order to meet local needs and priorities. The
reform will also improve administration and coordination,
strengthen the management capacity of provinces/
municipalities, districts/khans and communes/sangkats in
order to promote the quality of services and expand the
delivery of public services.
Public sector
account-ability
Democra-tic Repre-sentation
Basic Prinicip
les of D&D
Reforms
Participa-tion of the people
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Basic Principles of D&D
Democratic Representation
The reforms will strengthen the roles of councils at provincial/municipal, district/khan and commune/sangkat administrations to be established in accordance with the principles of democracy by expanding their powers, duties, responsibilities and resources.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Basic Principles of D&D
Participation of the people
The reform will introduce systems and procedures as ensure that people, especially women, vulnerable groups and indigenous minorities can participate in decision-making at provincial/ municipal, district/khan and commune/sangkat levels.
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Basic Principles of D&DPublic sector accountability
Reforms will strengthen accountability at all levels of administration and facilitate citizens' oversight of the administrative and financial affairs of those administrations.
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Basic Principles of D&D
Effectiveness
Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing citizens to participate in planning and monitoring public services in order to meet local needs and priorities.
The reform will also improve administration and coordination, strengthen the management capacity of provinces/ municipalities, districts/khans and communes/sangkats in order to promote the quality of services and expand the delivery of public services.
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Basic Principles of D&DFocusing on poverty reduction
The reforms will strengthen local capacity in using resources to support poverty reduction activities, especially vulnerable groups, indigenous minorities and women and children in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals of Cambodia.
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Question for Pair Discussion
Why do we need to have
decentralization and
deconcentration reforms?
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Reasons for D&D Reforms
• Citizens can participate in local decisions
• Effective and closer public service delivery to citizens
• Increase possibility of resource mobilizing at local level with contribution from citizens, civil society and private sector
Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p7
Reasons
• Strengthen multi-party democracy at local level
• Promote social and economic development
• Promote local development and poverty reduction with local ownership and the opportunity for citizens to participate in the decision making process
Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p8
Objectives
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Question for Brainstorming
Is there any policy and legal
framework that help support the
implementation of D&D reforms?
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• Rectangular Strategy• Strategic Framework
on Decentralization and Deconcentration reforms
Policy Framework
• Law on Administrative Management of Commune/Sangkat
• Law on Administrative Management of the Capital, Provinces, Municipalities, Districts and Khans
Legal Framework
Key D&D Policy & Legal Frameworks
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