8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
1/26
Cutting Tool Selection
Quick Reference Training Program
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
2/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Carbide Tool Bit Overview
Carbide Tool Bit Benefits Very hard
Will withstand high temperatures
Replaceable inserts
Readily available
Pre-sharpened from factory
Carbide Tool Bit Drawbacks
Rubs material rather than cuts material
Brittle
Requires more rigidity
Requires more horsepower
Usually wrong tool geometry (for portable tools) from tool supply house
Generally cant re-sharpen
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
3/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
High Speed Steel (HSS)
Tool Bit Overview HSS Tool Bit Benefits
Cuts freely
Easy to re-sharpen
Tool geometry easily changed
Very tough
Requires little tool pressure
Readily available
Pre-sharpened from factory
HSS Tool Bit Drawbacks
Must use proper SFPM cant take the heat Viewed as slower
Operator needs to understand tool geometry
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
4/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Carbide Vs. High Speed Steel Bits
High Speed Steel tool bitgeometry
Carbide tool bitgeometry
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
5/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Holder Examples
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
6/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Geometry Angle Definitions
Top Rake: Evacuates chiproles chip out
Heel or Clearance Angle: This is the clearance between the cutter and
the surface that has just been cut. Insures that the cutting edge (and notthe back side or heel of the cutter) contacts the work piece first
Lead Angle: This is formed by the leading edge of the cutter and aplane perpendicular to the cutter feed motion
End relief angle: The clearance below the end of the tool
Side Relief Angle: The clearance below the cutting edge
Back Rake: This is a shear angle that also evacuates the chip or roles
the chip out Nose Radius: The nose radius stretches the cutting edge. It increases
the amount of cutting edge in contact with the work
See Diagram On Next Page
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
7/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Geometry
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
8/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
How Tool Geometry Affects The Cut
Negative Lead Angle
Zero Lead Angle
Positive Lead Angle
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
9/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
How Tool Geometry Affects The Cut
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
10/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
How Tool Geometry Affects The Cut
Top Rake
The Larger top rake dimension equals
A larger entrance angle
The larger radius is used for materials thatresist bending (have a high shear modulus).Set back must be increased in relation to the
radius to the control entrance angle
A smaller top rake dimension equals asmaller entrance angle
Top Rake
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
11/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Nose Radius Vs Tool Pressure
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
12/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
The Basics Of Chip Formation
Metal is cut by material harder thanitself being forced through it.
The sharper the tool, the easier it is toforce through. Sharpness can beimproved by adding different angles tothe tool (Tool Geometry).
The faster the tool is forced through,
the rougher the surface that is left.
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
13/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Bit Wear
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
14/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Bit Wear
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
15/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Roughing Vs Finishing Bit Overview
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
16/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Finishing Bit Detail
10
10 5
5
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
17/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Roughing Bit Detail
10
15
15
510
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
18/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Surface Feet Per Minute Vs. Bar RPM
SFPM vs. Bar RPM; Bore Diameters
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175
Bar Speed (rpm)
CuttingSpeed(sfpm)
2
3
4
6
8
10
12
18
2417.9 ci r
14.1 cir
11.3 c ir
8.9 cir
7.3 cir
5.9 cir 3.6 cir
2
3
4
6
810121824
Note: Motor Sizes show n BB5000 Only
Bore Diameter (inches)
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
19/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Recommendations For Various
Combinations of Cutting Speeds & RPMBar Speed
(rpm) 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 18 24 30 36 48 60
5 1 3 4 5 8 10 13 16 24 31 39 47 63 79
10 3 5 8 10 16 21 26 31 47 63 79 94 126 157
20 5 10 16 21 31 42 52 63 94 126 157 188 251 314
30 8 16 24 31 47 63 79 94 141 188 236 283 377 471
40 10 21 31 42 63 84 105 126 188 251 314 377 503 628
50 13 26 39 52 79 105 131 157 236 314 393 471 628 785
60 16 31 47 63 94 126 157 188 283 377 471 565 754 942
70 18 37 55 73 110 147 183 220 330 440 550 660 880 1100
80 21 42 63 84 126 168 209 251 377 503 628 754 1005 1257
90 24 47 71 94 141 188 236 283 424 565 707 848 1131 1414
100 26 52 79 105 157 209 262 314 471 628 785 942 1257 1571
125 33 65 98 131 196 262 327 393 589 785 982 1178 1571 1963
150 39 79 118 157 236 314 393 471 707 942 1178 1414 1885 2356
175 46 92 137 183 275 367 458 550 825 1100 1374 1649 2199 2749
HSS Recommended. Best range for field machining.
HSS/Carbide Recommended. Must have rigid set-up
Carbide Recommended. Must have rigid set-up, no interrupted cuts.
Carbide Recommended. Must have rigid set-up, light finish cuts only.
Not Recommended for field machining
Model 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 18 24 30 36 48 60
BB2000 1.4 4
BB3000 1.4 6
BB4000 1.8 10
BB5000 2.5 24
BB6000 6 36
BB7000 8 40
BB8000 16 80
Recommended range for optimum results
Recommended only with very rigid set-up
Not Recommended
Cutting Speed - Surface Feet Per Minute (SFPM)Bore Diameter (inches)
Bore Diameter (inches)
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
20/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Calculating SFPM & RPM
Formula for calculating SFPM or RPM
SFPM x 12 = Pi x Dia x RPM
Example 1:
50 SPFM (High Speed Steel) x 12 = 3.141 (Pi) x 4 (dia) x ? (RPM)
600 = 12.5 x ? (RPM)
600 12.5 = 47 RPM
Example 2:
100 SFPM (Carbide) x 12 = 3.142 (Pi) x 4 (dia) x ? (RPM)
1200 = 12.5 x ? (RPM)
1200 12.5 = 96 RPM
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
21/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Formula for determining Machining Time(for turning or boring)
Machining Time =
Example:
4 Dia = Not needed
10 Long = Length of cut.01 Feed = Inches / Rev
30 RPM = Revolutions/Min
Machining Time =
=
Machining Time = 33.33 minutes
Overall LengthRPM x Feed
Calculating Machining Time
1030 x .01
10.30
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
22/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Chip Characteristics
Metal chip color is a good
indicator of proper machine speed
(RPM & Feed Rate)
Objective is to produce straw
colored chips
Blue color chips indicate excessivemetal heat and boring rate
Silver chips indicate an
opportunity to increase overallboring rate
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
23/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Bit SharpeningWhen To Sharpen?
Speed & feed are correct, but still getting blue colored chip
Tool begins to chatter
Base metal looking torn Vs. smooth
Machine is vibrating & working hard
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
24/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Tool Bit SharpeningSharpening Techniques
Match existing angle to wheel relationship
Cool often (water bucket)
Check with protractor
Use stone to take off ragged edges
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
25/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com 2005 By Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Cutting LubricantsOverview
Use of cutting oil will prolong tool life
If oil is used, insure proper ventilation
Use extreme care when applying oilsquirt can is
recommended
Cutting oil is messyuse oil sparingly based on
application
Apply with squirt can while machine is running
Use brush to apply prior to machine start up
8/7/2019 Cutting%20Tool%20Selection%20Guide
26/26
Toll-Free Telephone: 800-333-8311 Internet: www.cpmt.com
Bringing the solution to you.
Presented by:
Cutting FluidsBenefits & Cautions
Benefits of Using Cutting Fluids
Lubrication of tools to improve the flow of chips at the cutting face
Cooling of the tool & work piece for improved dimensional stability
Reduction in built-up edge
Improvement in surface finish
Helps flush away chips.very important during horizontal boring Cautions
Unsteady flow of coolant could cause cracking of carbide tools
Damaging thermal variation in the cutting tool can be intensified whenutilizing cutting fluid during an interrupted cutting process
Carbide inserts cannot stand the thermal shock associated with coolantbeing turned on and off.
Top Related