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Cryogenics for Fusion …… Cryogenics for ITER

P. Dauguet - Air Liquide Advanced [email protected]

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Air Liquide

The world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment

42,300 employees… … in over 75 countries … Turn Over 2009 : 12 B€

Engineering and construction activities : 1 B€

1902 - 1990

1991 - 2000

2001 - 2008

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Last 10 years References in Fusion

Air Liquide parter of all recent fusion projects

� SST-1 - India : � Cryoplant of the Tokamak � Cryoplant of the NBI

� W7X - Germany :� Cryoplant engineering study� Stelerator Thermal Shields engineering study

� KSTAR – South Korea :� Tokamak Thermal Shields engineering study� Cryoplant

� JT60-SA - Japan:� Cryoplant engineering study

� ITER :� Prototype cryopump, and its test facility at FZK� Cryoplant engineering studies (3 contracts)

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Cryogenic systems for ITER

DistributionDistributionCryolinesCryolines

CryopumpsCryopumps

CurrentCurrentFeedersFeeders

DistributionDistributionValve boxesValve boxes

NitrogenNitrogenCryoplantCryoplant

HeliumHeliumCryoplantCryoplant

StorageStorageTanksTanks

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Helium Refrigerators and Liquefiers

� More than 150 references

� In fusion :�Tore Supra� IPR �KSTAR

� Other recent references :�LEP CERN�LHC CERN�Qatar Helium Liquefier

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Nitrogen Refrigerators / Liquefiers

� 5000 references of air separation and liquefactionunits

� Atlas at CERN

� Long Island Power Authorities

� The biggest Air SeparationUnit in the world

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Helium valve boxes

� In fusion :� IPR�KSTAR

� Other large size references :�LHC�CMS�ATLAS …

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3,8 K

Insulation at80 K

20 K

4,5 K

80 K

80 K

Insulation at20 K

Insulation at4 K

Vacuum enclosure at 300K

< 0,07 W/m

< 0,05 W/m

Cryogenic tranfer lines

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Cryopumps

� In fusion :�JET� ITER Model

� Pivoine SpaceSimulation Chamber

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Curent feeders

� EXAMPLES :�12 at CERN�6 for HTc supra Project LIPA

(Long Island Power authority)

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KSTAR 9 kW @ 4.5 K Cryoplant, including :

KSTAR

� Refrigeration System “cold box” and He cycle compressors station� Distribution System major “valve box” (SHe @ 4.4K: 650g/s & GHe @ 55K: 250g/s)

� Gas Management System (recovery compressors, gaz and liquid storages, purifiers)