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Cropping Pattern Changes in Andhra PradeshSidhu A, Anupama GV, Uttam Deb and Cynthia Bantilan
Introduction•Understandingcroppingpattern(shareofareaunderdifferentcrops),changesincroppingpatternandthefactorsresponsibleforchangeareimportant
•Changesincroppingpatternintwovillages(PamidipaduandJCAgraharam)ofPrakasamdistrictofAndhraPradesharestudied.
Objectives• Toanalyzethechangesincroppingpatternduringthelastfiveyears(2009/10to2013/14)inPrakasamvillagesofAndhraPradesh
• Toexaminetheroleofproductivity,profitabilityandlaborrequirementinchangesincroppingpattern.
Data and methodology •VDSApanelhouseholdsurveydata:2009/10-2013/14•Croppingseasons:KharifandRabi.
Science with a human faceAboutICRISAT:www.icrisat.orgICRISAT’sscientificinformation:http://EXPLOREit.icrisat.org
VILLAGE DYNAMICS IN SOUTH ASIA
Fundingsupport:Bill&MelindaGatesFoundation
InternationalCropsResearchInstitutefortheSemi-AridTropics,India
Profitability (` /ha)
Trends in labor Use (days/ha) in crop production
Crop productivity (t/ ha)
Results
Cropping pattern:
Pamidipadu: Kharif:Cottonareashareincreasedfrom2%to53%.ShareofJuteareatothetotalcroppedareahasincreasedfrom6%to30%overthelastfiveyears.Pigeonpeaareahasgonedownfrom33%to2.5%,Sorghumfodderareadecreasedfrom21%to8%andLadyfingersat45%in2009isabsentnow.Farmersstartedmaizecultivationin2013(34%area).
Rabi:Chickpeaareasharedroppedfrom57%to49%,Chilliesareasharehasincreasedfrom6%to19%from2009to2013.DecreasingtrendswereobservedinTobacco(18%to12%)overpastfiveyearsurveyperiod.Chilliesandblackgramaretheothercropsgrown.
JCAgraharam:
Kharif:Sesamumareahasexpandedto67%andcottonareasharerosefrom24%to31%overthelastfiveyears.Paddyareasharehasdeclinedfrom29%to15%andPigeonpeasharefrom58%to5%.
Rabi:Maizeareahasincreasedto24%andSesamumto37%.Sunflowerareahasdroppedfrom60%toniloverthelastfiveyears.Chickpea,variga,coriander,paddyaretheothercropsgrown.
Drivers of change:
Farmerspreferencetochillies,inspiteofhighriskofpricefluctuationisduetohighreturns(`269,255perhectarein2013)andincreasingproductivity
Tobaccoareadeclinedduetogovernmentbanonbarnlicense,highcostofinputs
Maizeareaincreaseisdrivenbygrowthinproductivityandprofitability.Seedcompaniesprovidetheseedatfarmersdoorandcollecttheproduceatremunerativeprice.
ConclusionChangesincroppingpatternweredrivenbythenetincomeperhectare.Increasedproductivitywasthemainfactorbehindincreasedprofitincropproduction.Aslongasfarmersreceivehigherprofit,theyarereadytouserequiredamountoflaborforcropproduction.
Cropping pattern
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