Thinking CRITICALLY
& CREATIVELY forLearnersJANNETH V. OBISPO
“The function of education is to teach
one to think intensively and to think critically.
Intelligence plus character—that is the
goal of true education.”
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Types of Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking
What is Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking vs Creative Thinking
Six Thinking Hats
What is Thinking?
Mechanism of the Brain
Thinking is a Voluntary action!
Intelligence
Thinking
Critical Thinking
Creative Thinking
≠ ≠
What is Thinking?
As you start asking questions and seek answers, you are in fact thinking.
Why she doesn’t like me?Why he doesn’t like me?
What is Thinking?
As you start asking questions and seek answers, you are in fact thinking.
Thinking is a purposeful organized cognitive process that we use to make sense of our world.
Types of Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking?
What is Critical Thinking?“Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.”
-Michael Scriven & Richard Paul
Critical Thinking Skills
Characteristics of a Critical Thinker
Are you OPEN-MINDED about other peoples’ view?Are you HONEST to yourself (or others) when you are wrong?Do you have the COURAGE and PASSION to take initiative and Confront problems and meet challenges?Are you AWARE of your own biases and preconceptions?Do you WELCOME CRITICISM from other people?Do you have INDEPENDENT opinions?
Critical Thinkers… Have a passionate drive for clarity, precision, accuracy,
relevance, consistency, logicalness, Completeness and fairness.
Are sensitive to ways in which critical thinking can be skewed by egocentrism, sociocentrism, wishful thinking.
Are intellectually honest with themselves, acknowledging what they don’t know and recognizing their limitations
Listen open-mindedly to opposing points of view and welcome criticisms of beliefs and assumptions
Base their beliefs on facts and evidence rather than on personal preference or self-interest.
Critical Thinkers… Are aware of the biases and preconceptions that shape the
way they perceive the world. Think independently and are not afraid to disagree with
group opinion. Are able to get to the heart of an issue or problem without
being distracted by details. Have the intellectual courage to face and assess fairly
ideas that challenge even their most basic beliefs Love truth and curious about a wide range of issues Have the intellectual perseverance to pursue insights or
truths, despite obstacles or difficulties.
What is Creativity?Creativity is a form of energy starting from
“Nothing”and generating great, original and unique
values
Edward de Bono
Creative thinking
CREATIVE THINKING ACTIVITY
Now say the colors of the word you can see…FAST!
BLUEYELLOWBLACKREDGREENREDBLUEGREENBLACKYELLOW
CREATIVE PROCESS AT WORK• Music• Art• Dance• Inventions – airplane, telephone• Innovations – Apple iPhone, Gateway (Dell
personal computers) • Creative problem solving – using a knife/letter
opener to tighten a screw when a screwdriver is not available
Key Principle of Creativity
Everyone is creative.Individual creativity comes from the expression of individual authenticity.
Team creativity comes from the appreciation and synergistic use of
differences.Playfulness increases the likelihood that
creativity will occurThe more we believe we are creative,
the more creative we will be.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CREATIVE THINKER They prefer complexity and some degree of
apparent imbalance in phenomena They are more complex psychodynamically and
have Greater personal scope They are more independent in there judgment They are more self assertive and dominant
Critical thinking vs. Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking
• Analytical• Judgmental• Selective• Probability• Left brain• Yes but…
Creative Thinking
• Generative• Non-
judgmental• Expansive• Possibility• Right brain• Yes and…
Critical thinking vs. Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking
• Certain• Closed to New Information• Demanding Respect• Isolating & analyzing ideas• Using tried & true methods• Seeing failure as failure
Creative Thinking
• Flexible• Open to learning• Respecting others• Connecting ideas• Discovering new ways• Seeing failure as
learning
Creative thinking is described as:• making and communicating connections to think of
many possibilities;• think and experience in various ways and use different
points of view;• think of new and unusual possibilities; and• guide in generating and selecting alternatives.
© Institute of Critical Thinking 34
(Isaksen and Treffinger (1985), Creative Problem Solving: The Basic Course)
Critical thinking vs. Creative Thinking
Critical thinking is described as:analyzing and developing possibilities to compare and contrast many ideas improve and refine ideas make effective decisions and judgments, and provide a sound foundation for effective action.
When you think creatively you are exploring many new
ideas
when you are thinking critically
you are making choices
Thinking process is like a kayak with 2 paddles,
one is creative thinking while the other
represents critical thinking
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
THE SIX THINKING HATS
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