Lalunio, Xyzer Corpuz Community Planning and Development 201011158 TTh 3:30-5:00pm CS403b Community Planning- Planning carried out with the active participation of the end users. Similarly community architecture, community design and so on. (Community Planning Handbook, 2000) What is community planning? It is a method that enables to prepare materials on the development of different areas of public life at the level of a municipality or a region and that strongly supports the principles of representative democracy. What is typical of the method is an emphasis on:

the involvement of all stakeholders in a given area dialogue and negotiations achieving a result that is adopted and supported by the majority of stakeholders.

Basic Principles of Community Planning

Involvement of local community. It is necessary to look for various methods and forms of addressing and involving local community in this process. Community planning works best if all parties are committed to it. An offer for involvement must be comprehensible (e.g. according to the place of residence, life style, interests, social status or ethnicity). No one must be excluded or discriminated. Whenever there are changes, such as new development or redevelopment in existing communities, the citizens in the community has the right to be informed of the changes that are going to be implemented. The response of the community, either positive or negative, are important in the planning process. On the other hand, local plans should consider and address the impacts of neighboring communities land uses, planned uses, goals and objectives. All sections in the community should be involved. People of different ages, gender, backgrounds and cultures almost invariably have different perspectives. Use all available media to let people know what you are doing and how they can get involved. There are different methods to disseminate the information to the community. Community newspapers or broadsheets in particular are invaluable. Community newspapers and, increasingly, websites are invaluable. Information provision is a vital element of all participatory activities.

Partnership of all stakeholders.

Accept different agendas

Identification of new human and financial resources

Working with information.

The process of developing a community plan is as important as a final document

Building upon existing and well-proven collaboration.

A compromise between whishes and possibilities.

Accept limitations

Accept varied commitment

Agree rules and boundaries

Build local capacity

Focus on existing interests

Flexibility

Human Scale

Involve all sections of the community

Mixture of Methods

Maintain Momentum

Plan for the Local Context

Quality not Quantity Definitions: Community Architect Architect who lives and work in the neighborhood he or she is designing for and works closely with local people. Also known as a barefoot architect. Consensus Design Approach is an approach by which an organizations stakeholders reach complete agreement on a solution through a collaborative, cooperative and inclusive decision-making process that encourages and supports equal participation by all group members. Aimed at creating a completely transparent environment where all concerns are brought forward and discussed, consensus-based planning brings group members together in brainstorming sessions, information gathering sessions, design charrettes, and sustainability charrettes to provide a basis for achieving a successful solution. Participatory Planning Participatory planning is a set of processes through which diverse groups and interests engage together in reaching for a consensus on a plan and its implementation. Participatory planning can be initiated by any of the parties and the forms it will take and the timetables are likely to be negotiated and agreed amongst participants. The process is rooted in the recognition that society is pluralist and there are legitimate conflicts of interest that have to be addressed by the application of consensus-building methods. Participatory planning is culturally aware and sensitive to differences in power, and seeks to ensure that these do not pre-determine outcomes. The different parties need to exchange information to explore areas of common ground and compromise and to find ways of reducing the extent and intensity of disagreements. No party should lose out entirely.

Patterns of Community Planning SUBURBIA- It is actually a layout that is fairly indicative of developments in the 1960s and '70s. Instead of following a grid, like earlier suburbs did, the streets are curved. But unlike later suburbs, where the cul-de-sac predominates, the streets are interconnected and have only the occasional cul-de-sac. MULTIFAMILY ISLAND- In the middle of this aerial shot of Bloomington, Indiana, is a multifamily housing development made up of about a dozen apartment buildings. Typical of much of the suburban landscape, the development is segregated from everything that surrounds it, such as the retail on the left. Residents must drive to it via one of two access roads. Note the recreation center with a pool that serves the apartment buildings, as well as the enormous amount of surface parking. GREENFIELD HOUSING- One of the most criticized aspects of sprawl is how land previously used for forests and agriculture is developed for housing and roads. This view of Columbus, Ohio, shows some houses that are pushed to the edge (for the time being), probably serving homeowners that can't afford houses closer to urban or other commercial cores. One way to tell this is the "end of the line" is the fact the power lines don't extend to the right. RADIATING SPRAWL- The community has a number of radial "pods" with retail centers, a strip mall in this case. This pod features two types of houses detached on the left and semidetached on the right as well as different landscapes to go along with them. I'm guessing the semidetached houses with grass predate the detached houses with xeriscaping, given today's preference for single-family houses and the water problems the desert Southwest has to deal with. CUL-DE-SAC SEGREGATION- This line illustrates how the houses on either side are sequestered from each other by the way the developments are cut up and the roads are laid. A person visiting somebody in the house directly behind them has to drive for five minutes to do so (or hop the fence) because other roads or pedestrian routes are not provided. TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT- Alternatives to status quo suburban developments are increasingly popular, though they are hardly realized at close to the same rate. One alternative is the transit-oriented development (TOD), which offers increased density and mixed uses at transit nodes. NEW URBANISM- Another alternative is projects that follow the charter of the Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU), "the leading organization promoting walkable, mixed-use neighborhood development, sustainable communities and healthier living conditions," according to the group's website. The most well-known CNU developments include Seaside and Celebration, both in Florida, the latter developed by the Walt Disney Company. Also in Florida is the CNU Baldwin Park project in Orlando, shown here, which sits on a former military base. In this view we can see the mixed-use core and the

residential in the lower right. Much criticism levied at new urbanism contends that it is suburbia in new (neotraditional) clothes; the street-front buildings hiding interior blocks of surface parking are cases in point. SUSTAINABLE URBANISM- There is a good deal of overlap between TOD, CNU and sustainable urbanism; each is pitted against suburban sprawl, and each has a good deal of traditional urbanism at its core