IN
COUNTRYPROFILE INDIA
CONTENTS<<COUNTRY>>
IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook, Talent & Digital 2020: summaries
WORLD COMPETITIVENESSRANKING 2020
All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.
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BASIC FACTSCapital
Land area (square km '000) 3,2872019
Exchange Rate (per $) 70.4202019
Population - market size (millions) 1,369.002019 2
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions) 2,894.72019 5
GDP (PPP) per capita (US$) 8,0672019 62
Real GDP growth (%) 4.22019 10
Consumer price inflation (%) 4.542019 57
Unemployment rate (%) 6.372018 42
Labor force (millions) 583.792019 2
Current account balance (% of GDP) -0.912019 44
Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 386.42018 19
Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP) 1.752019 40
PEER GROUPS RANKINGSASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries) POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (29 countries)
COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL
INDIAOVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries) Rank
New Delhi
CHALLENGES IN 2020Balancing fiscal deficit, economic growth & employment
generation.
National Productivity Council, New Delhi
COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE
4145 44 43 43
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
17
3531
4551 51
32
45 4756
39
12
30
49
25
49
30 27
6157
Dom
estic
Eco
nom
y
Inte
rnat
iona
l Tra
de
Inte
rnat
iona
l Inv
estm
ent
Empl
oym
ent
Pric
es
Publ
ic F
inan
ce
Tax
Polic
y
Inst
itutio
nal F
ram
ewor
k
Busi
ness
Leg
isla
tion
Soci
etal
Fra
mew
ork
Prod
uctiv
ity &
Effi
cien
cy
Labo
r M
arke
t
Fina
nce
Man
agem
ent
Prac
tices
Att
itude
s an
d V
alue
s
Basi
c In
fras
truc
ture
Tech
nolo
gica
l Inf
rast
ruct
ure
Scie
ntifi
c In
fras
truc
ture
Hea
lth a
nd E
nvir
onm
ent
Educ
atio
n
Economic Performance Government Efficiency Business Efficiency Infrastructure
11
1312 12 12
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
17
1918
17 17
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• Balancing fiscal deficit, economic growth & employment generation.
• Ensuring basic necessities for vulnerable & disadvantaged population.
• Minimizing Covid-19 impact on economy and society.• Addressing labour issues to reboot economy post lockdown.• Resource mobilization for infrastructural development.
Provided by:National Productivity Council, New Delhi
IMPROVEMENTSWCY 2019
WCY 2020 DECLINES
WCY 2019
3.2.14 Labor force long-term growth 0.72 1.39 2.3.08 Exchange rate stability 0.037
1.4.04 Employment - long-term growth 0.72 1.39 4.1.07 Population - growth 1.64
1.2.02 Current account balance -2.46 -0.91 1.1.14 Real GDP growth 7.0
4.2.16 High-tech exports (%) 7.01 9.01 1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita 5.26
2.4.12 New business density 0.1 0.1 3.2.01 Compensation levels 1.78
4.5.04 Total public exp. on education per student 310 367 1.5.01 Consumer price inflation 3.48
1.2.12 Exports of commercial services ($bn) 183.36 213.73 2.2.09 Consumption tax rate 15.00
2.3.07 Foreign currency reserves per capita 292 336 2.2.01 Collected total tax revenues 15.83
2.5.04 Risk of political instability 5.82 6.69 2.4.14 Start-up days 16.0
4.4.23 Environment-related technologies 1.22 1.36 2.2.12 Real personal taxes 6.40
4.3.18 Number of patents in force 3.1 3.5 1.1.19 Resilience of the economy 6.70
4.4.12 Energy intensity 250 225 1.5.04 Office rent 679
3.1.01 Overall productivity (PPP) 18,529 20,127 1.3.13 Relocation threats of business 5.98
3.3.17 Venture capital 5.36 5.81 2.4.07 Government subsidies 1.39
3.1.03 Labor productivity (PPP) 8.75 9.49 2.4.10 Competition legislation 5.89
COMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION & ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS
INDIACOMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION
0.077
2.32
4.54
18.00
18.51
18.0
5.73
1.48
The criteria below highlight the 15 biggest Improvements and the 15 biggest Declines in the overall performance of the economy. They are
determined by the largest percentage changes in the value of each criterion from one yearbook to the next.
WCY 2020
5.51
KEY ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORSFrom a list of 15 indicators, respondents of the Executive Opinion Survey were asked to select 5 that they perceived as the key
attractiveness factors of their economy. The chart shows the percentage of responses per indicator from the highest number of responses
to the lowest.
0.96
4.2
3.23
6.08
729
5.56
9.3%12.7%15.3%16.1%16.1%16.1%19.5%22.9%26.3%32.2%39.0%51.7%55.1%69.5%71.2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Reliable infrastructureEffective legal environment
Effective labor relationsCompetency of government
Competitive tax regimeStrong R&D cultureAccess to financing
Quality of corporate governanceBusiness-friendly environmentPolicy stability & predictability
Open and positive attitudesHigh educational level
Dynamism of the economyCost competitiveness
Skilled workforce
WORLD COMPETITIVENESSDIGITAL RANKING 2020
All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.
Visit our eShop
Alpha AlphaLabelBeta BetaLabel Gamma GammaLabel1 2 2 2 2 2 24 4 4 2 2
6.5 4 4 2 28.5 4 4 2 211 4 4 2 2
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
53 51 48 44 48
39 37 46 38 39
57 59 53 49 50
54 51 48 46 56
OVERALL
Future readiness
PEER GROUPS RANKINGS
ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries) POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (29 countries)
COMPETITIVENESS & DIGITAL RANKINGS
Technology
DIGITAL TRENDS - OVERALL
INDIA
OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)
OVERALL & FACTORS - 5 years
Knowledge
53 51 48 44 4841
45 44 43 43
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Digital
Competitiveness
12 1211 11 11
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
21 21
18 18 19
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
39 41 51 29
50 53 7 6248
56 55 52 55
Knowledge Talent Training & education Scientific concentration
Technology Regulatory framework Capital Technological framework
Future readiness Adaptive attitudes Business agility IT integrationThe direction of the triangle indicates the performance change from the last year: improved or stabledeclined
Overall Factors Sub-Factors
N.B. This graph provides only a comparison of the country’s performance in the two rankings.
u Overall top strengths
w Overall top weaknesses
Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 202038 43 43 38 41
56 57 59 47 51
21 6 26 28 29
Talent Rank Rank Rank
Educational assessment PISA - Math - 44 47 International experience 41 34 55 Foreign highly-skilled personnel 46 59 - Management of cities 54 55 u 2 Digital/Technological skills 22 u 6 - Net flow of international students 42 - 39 20
Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 202056 59 56 55 53
30 28 3 3 7
61 63 62 62 62
Regulatory framework Rank Rank Rank
Starting a business 57 u 13 36w Enforcing contracts 62 33 w 60 Immigration laws 25 30 w 63 Development & application of tech. 31 49 w 63 Scientific research legislation 33 22 57 Intellectual property rights 48 u 1 42
Subfactors 2016 2017 2018 2019 202057 59 54 54 55
35 29 33 29 52
54 56 56 56 55
Adaptive attitudes Rank Rank Rank
E-Participation 28 34 59 Internet retailing 56 u 12 31w Tablet possession 60 35 38 Smartphone possession 53 32 48 Attitudes toward globalization 22 47 54
Training & education Scientific concentration
Talent
Robots in Education and R&D
IT integration
Business agility IT integration
Scientific concentration
Capital Technological framework
TECHNOLOGY
Technological framework
FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
INDIA
FUTURE READINESS
Opportunities and threats E-GovernmentWorld robots distribution Public-private partnerships
IT & media stock market capitalization Communications technology
Regulatory framework
Capital
KNOWLEDGE
Entrepreneurial fear of failure
Agility of companies Cyber securityUse of big data and analytics Software piracyKnowledge transfer
Adaptive attitudes
Business agility
Venture capital Internet bandwidth speedInvestment in Telecommunications High-tech exports (%)
Funding for technological development Mobile Broadband subscribersBanking and financial services Wireless broadbandCountry credit rating Internet users
Training & education
Employee training Total expenditure on R&D (%)Total public expenditure on education Total R&D personnel per capitaHigher education achievement Female researchersPupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education) R&D productivity by publicationGraduates in Sciences Scientific and technical employmentWomen with degrees High-tech patent grants
WORLD TALENTRANKING 2020
All data are available from theWorld Competitiveness Online.
Visit our eShop
Alpha AlphaLabel Beta BetaLabel Gamma GammaLabel1 2 2 2 2 2 24 4 4 2 2
Value
4.4 % 35w 332 US$ 62w 36.66 ratio 62w 28.52 ratio 62 4.99 Survey [0..10] 35 5.46 Survey [0..10] 44 - % - 4.71 Survey [0..10] 45
Value
82.90 index 37 6.59 Survey [0..10] 37 5.73 Survey [0..10] 39 4.91 Survey [0..10] 34 4.74 Survey [0..10] 52 4.62 Survey [0..10] 46 6,508 US$ 57 104,387 US$ 45u 11.14 % 16 5.68 Survey [0..10] 34w 90.25 micrograms 61
Value
u 1.82 % 14u 6.25 Survey [0..10] 22u 6.78 Survey [0..10] 25 5.39 Survey [0..10] 41 5.88 Survey [0..10] 30 5.66 Survey [0..10] 41u 32.65 % 6 5.51 Survey [0..10] 45 6.42 Survey [0..10] 35 6.94 Survey [0..10] 27w 0.03 number 60 - Average -
Investment & Development 2020 Rank
Health infrastructure meets the needs of society
2020 Rank
Total public expenditure on education Percentage of GDP
ApprenticeshipsEmployee training is a high priority in companies
Readiness 2020 Rank
Educational assessment - PISA PISA survey of 15-year olds
Appeal
Exposure to particle pollution Mean population exposure to PM2.5, Micrograms per cubic metre
Labor force growth Percentage change
Index of a basket of goods & services in the main city, including housing (New York City = 100)
Skilled labor is readily available
Cost-of-living index
Female labor force Percentage of total labor force
Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education) Ratio of students to teaching staff
are sufficiently implemented
Total public exp. on education per student Spending per enrolled pupil/student, all levels
Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education) Ratio of students to teaching staff
Management education meets the needs of the business community
Language skills are meeting the needs of enterprises
Student mobility inbound Foreign tertiary-level students per 1000 inhabitants
Primary and secondary education meets the needs of a competitive economy
Graduates in Sciences % of graduates in ICT, Engineering, Math & Natural Sciences
University education meets the needs of a competitive economy
Finance skills are readily available
International experience of senior managers is generally significant
Competent senior managers are readily available
Justice is fairly administered
Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, US$
Remuneration of management Total base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$
Effective personal income tax rate Percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
Attracting and retaining talents is a priority in companies
Worker motivation in companies is high
Brain drain (well-educated and skilled people) does not hinder competitiveness in your economy
Quality of life is high
Foreign highly-skilled personnel are attracted to your country's business environment
Remuneration in services professions
OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)
IMD World Talent Ranking 2020
INDIA
54
5153
59
6260
62 63 63 63
4143 44
5755
28 29 30
25 25
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Overall
Investment &Development
Appeal
Readiness
63
5562
25
Investment & Development
Appeal
Readiness
The direction of the triangle indicates the performance change from the last year: improved or stabledeclined
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