#cleanenergy
Energy challenges in Catalonia from a policy perspective
David Villar & Marc Rotllan
Energy Planning Division
Catalan Institute of Energy (ICAEN) Barcelona, 22nd February 2017
Copernicus Symposium on Climate Services for the
Energy Sector
#cleanenergy
1. 2020, 2030 and 2050 EU energy objectives
2. Winter package: Clean Energy for All Europeans
3. Clean energy transition in Catalonia
4. The impact of climate change to the Catalan energy system
ENERGY CHALLENGES IN CATALONIA FROM
A POLICY PERSPECTIVE
#cleanenergy
2020, 2030 AND 2050 EU ENERGY OBJECTIVES
? RES
? EE
-80-95% GHG
20% RES
-20% EE
-20% GHG
2020
2017 2050
27% RES
-30% EE
-40% GHG
2030
What kind of transition?
20-20-20
targets
Winter
package
Low-carbon
economy
RES: Renewable energy sources
EE: Energy Efficiency
GHG: Greenhouse gas emissions
#cleanenergy
Clean Energy for All Europeans
European Commission package
of measures
“New” 2030 goals:
• 27% for the share of renewable energy
consumed in the EU
• 30% energy efficiency target
• to cut CO2 emissions by at least 40%
EU 2030 targets were known, unlike the
definition of a new model based on
renewable energy integrating in order to
create a flexible, competitive, efficient and
participative market.
WINTER PACKAGE: CLEAN ENERGY FOR ALL
EUROPEANS
More info: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/commission-proposes-
new-rules-consumer-centred-clean-energy-transition
#cleanenergy
GENERATION
TRANSPORT
DISTRIBUTION
EN
ER
GY
• Centralized and distributed
generation simultaneously
• Multidirectional electricity flow
• Active consumers
• New technologies:
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
(small and near
end-consumers)
(self-consumption or
injected to the grid)
STORAGE ELECTRICITY
FACILITIES
(electric vehicle or other batteries)
CONSUMERS +
distributed
generation
NEW DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICITY MODEL
WINTER PACKAGE: CLEAN ENERGY FOR ALL
EUROPEANS
#cleanenergy
WINTER PACKAGE: CLEAN ENERGY FOR ALL
EUROPEANS
Clean Energy for All Europeans
Proposal for a Directive on
common rules for the internal
market in electricity
New actors and concepts:
- Active customers
- Local energy communities
- Aggregator
- Demand response
- Energy storage facilities
- Smart metering
- Vulnerable customers
- Energy poverty
#cleanenergy
Regulation on the Governance of the Energy Union:
- 5 dimensions of the Energy Union
• energy security,
• energy market,
• energy efficiency,
• decarbonisation and
• research, innovation and competitiveness
- Integrated national energy and climate plans: 2021-2030
- Long-term low emission strategies: every 10 years with a 50 years
perspective
WINTER PACKAGE: CLEAN ENERGY FOR ALL
EUROPEANS
Clean Energy for All Europeans
Other proposed regulations and
Directives
#cleanenergy
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
Catalonia. General information
- Population: 7.5 million
- Area: 32.108 km² (6,3% of
the of Spain)
- GDP: 204,000 million €
(18,9% of Spain)
- Total primary energy
supply: 23.2 milion toe
- Fossil fuel dependence:
66,1%
#cleanenergy
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
Catalonia. Energy data
Renewable energy sources
(2014): 8,7 %
Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN)
#cleanenergy
We are in a comfort zone, but Catalonia as a EU Member State
is far from achieving the Europe Energy and Climate targets.
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
75,8 101,0
220,5 247,4
386,2 388,3
476,0 487,0 535,2 545,6
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Fra
nce
Cata
lonia
Be
lgiu
m
Sp
ain
Ita
ly
Eu
rop
e-2
8
Un
ite
d K
ingd
om
De
nm
ark
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
Ge
rma
ny
CO2 emissions related to electricity generation. Year 2013 (g CO2/kWh)
Catalonia. Electricity data
Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN) Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN) with data from IPCC
#cleanenergy
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
Pacte Nacional per a la Transició Energètica de Catalunya
National Agreement on energy transition in Catalonia
• January 31, 2017: the Government
adopted the Basis of the national
agreement on energy transition in
Catalonia
• First quarter of 2017: it will be
presented and discussed in the
Parliament.
#cleanenergy
Transition towards…
an energy model in which
energy demand is fully
covered by renewable
energy sources?
an energy model neutral in
greenhouse gas
emissions?
CCS
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
#cleanenergy
• 2020: 20-20-20 EU targets (Energy Plan and Climate Change in
Catalonia 2012-2020 –PECAC 2020-)
2030: Clean Energy for All Europeans
• 27% for the share of renewable energy consumed in the EU
and 50% for the share of renewable in the electricity sector
• 30% energy efficiency target
• to cut CO2 emissions by at least 40%
2050: 100% renewable energy sources (Catalonia Energy
Plan 2050 -PROENCAT 2050-)
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
Goals of the new Catalan energy system
#cleanenergy
100% RES
20% RES
2020
2017 2050
8,7% RES
27% RES
2030
What kind of transition?
101 gCO2/kWh electricity mix
(among the lowest along the
main EU States)
Goals of the new Catalan energy system
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
#cleanenergy
• Energy poverty
• Electrification
• Nuclear energy
• Distributed generation
• Energy legislation non-restrictive for RES
• Role of natural gas
• EV, self-consumption...
• Towards 100% NZEB
• Energy storage
• New energy infrastructure
• Consumer empowerment and society engagement
Main challenges of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
100% RES 2017 2050
8,7% RES
CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION IN CATALONIA
#cleanenergy
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
2017 2050 More than 30 years
What about the impact of climate change on the
supply-side?
• Solar energy
• Wind energy
• Hydropower
What about the impact of climate change on the
demand-side?
• Buildings
#cleanenergy
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
What about the impact of climate change on the supply-side?
global daily irradiation (annual average) -> 2050?
Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN)
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THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
What about the impact of climate change on the supply-side?
average wind speed at 80 m height -> 2050?
Source: Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de Energía (IDAE) - MINETAD
#cleanenergy
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
What about the impact of climate change on the supply-side?
average annual precipitation -> 2031-2050: -6,8% (-10,7% spring)
Source: Third report on climate change in
Catalonia [Generalitat de Catalunya, 2016]
Source: Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
Hydroelectricity: 13%
#cleanenergy
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
What about the impact of climate change on the demand-side?
annual average temperature -> 2031-2050: +1,4ºC (+1,8ºC summer) Source: Third report on climate change in
Catalonia [Generalitat de Catalunya, 2016]
Heating 3.510 41,4%
Water heating 1.446 17,1%
Appliances 1.895 22,2%
Cooking 864
10,2%
Lighting 650
7,7%
Cooling 121
1,4%
Household energy consumption by end-use in Catalonia (kWh/a)
Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN)
#cleanenergy
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE
CATALAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Climate modeling of the Catalonia Energy Plan 2050
What about the impact of climate change on the demand-side?
Existing building energy efficiency performance -> 2050?
Source: Institut Català d’Energia (ICAEN)
A
B
C
DE
FG
0,00
100,00
200,00
300,00
400,00
500,00
B3 C2 C3 D1 D2 D3 E1
Energy efficiency label Nu
mb
er
of
bu
ild
ing
s
Climate zone
Energy efficiency performance of existing buildings per climate zone kWh/m2.a
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
#cleanenergy
CONCLUSIONS
1. National Agreement on energy transition in Catalonia has been
approved. It stipulates a target of a 100% renewable energy system
by 2050.
2. Wind and solar energy will be essential in order to achieve this
target.
3. Climate simulations are essential to define the future energy
scenarios and their evolution.
4. Climate change effects contribute to uncertainty estimates.
#cleanenergy
David Villar – [email protected]
Marc Rotllan – [email protected]
Energy Planning Division
Catalan Institute of Energy (ICAEN)
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