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Coonabarabran High School ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION
Subject: Year 9/10 Music
Teacher: Mrs Rossler
Task: Yearly Aural Examination
Weighting: 15%
Due Date: Tuesday 12 November 2019, Lesson 5 (Term 4 Week 5)
Through activities in performance, composition, musicology and aural, a student: 5.8 demonstrates an understanding of musical concepts through aural identification, discrimination,
memorisation and notation in the music selected for study.
Length of exam: One hour
Exam Structure: This is an aural exam. You will be required to listen to musical excerpts
and answer questions about the elements of Music and the way in which
they are used/represented in the musical excerpt.
Content to study: The elements of Music: (See attached pages)
Tone Colour
Texture
Pitch
Duration
Structure
Dynamics and Expressive Techniques
You also need to know the following:
The basic note values
2
Time signature, bar, bar line, double bar line.
Bar
Time
Bar-line Double bar-line Signature
Note names:
Lines = Every Good Bird Does Fly
Spaces = F A C E
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TONE COLOUR (Performing Media/Sound sources): Instruments and their classification
Extra Class: Electronic Instruments
Voice Types:
Male Female
Tenor Soprano
Baritone Mezzo-Soprano
Bass Alto
Falsetto: singing in a higher pitch area
than normal
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HORNBOSTEL-SACHS
CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
Aerophones
Produces sound by vibration of air
Woodwinds
Brass
Didgeridoo
Panflute
Bagpipe
Shakuhachi
Chordophones
Produce sound by vibrating strings
Strings can be struck, bowed or struck
String instruments
Harp
Celtic harp
Harpsichord
Piano
Guitar
Membranophones
Produce sound when a stretched skin (membrane)
vibrates
All kinds of drums
Idiophones
Produce sound by the vibration of the instrument itself; can be
struck, rubbed, shaken or plucked
Percussion instruments other than drums
Electrophone Instruments
Produce an electric sound
Electric instruments
Electronic instruments
Amplified acoustic instruments
Synthesizers, drum machines, electric guitars, keyboards
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Texture How are instruments layered together?
Do they all play at the same time and all
the time?
Is there any call and response?
How are the instruments played?
The concept of texture relates to the layers of sound in a piece of
music. If there are many layers we describe the texture as thick. If
there are fewer sounds we describe the texture as thin.
Monophonic: one melody played on a solo instrument or sung by
a solo voice
Homophonic: a melody with accompaniment.
IMPORTANT: Which instrument/voice has the melody? Which instrument is accompanying?
Polyphonic: many melodies at the same time
String instruments:
bowed or plucked
(pizzicato)?
Brass instruments:
muted?
Call and response: a
short melodic idea sung
or played by a soloist and
answered by another
soloist or group
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Structure The concept of structure relates to how a piece of music is put together. We can also describe
structure as the different sections that make a piece of music. The most common type of
structure in music is used in popular music. Most pop songs have an introduction, verses and a
chorus that is repeated. Pop songs also have bridges and instrumentals to make the song
interesting.
Ternary: Music has three sections (ABA) Binary: Music has two sections
(AB)
Popular Music: Intro – verse – pre-chorus – chorus – bridge – instrumental – middle 8 –
outro
Ostinato: small repeated melody or rhythmic pattern
Repetition
Call and response
Riff
Hook
Strophic: the same
melody (verse) is
repeated with no other
sections in- between.
Call and response: a
short melodic idea sung
or played by a soloist and
answered by another
soloist or group
Riff: A repeated melodic
or chordal phrase in jazz
and rock
Hook: Key phrase of a
rock song, usually the
title. Often found in the
chorus. E.g. Hey Ya by
Outkast
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Duration
Allegro = quick
Moderato = moderate
speed
Lento = slow
Ritardando = going slower
Accelerando = going faster
Time signature
Tempo: how
fast/slow is the music?
DurationAccented
notes
Length of notes
Ostinato
repeated rhythmic pattern
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Pitch
Dynamics and Expressive Techniques pp p mp mf f ff pianissimo piano mezzo piano mezzo forte forte fortissimo
very quiet quiet moderately quiet moderately loud loud very loud
Crescendo = gradually getting louder
Decrescendo = gradually getting quieter
Allegro = lively and quick
Lento = slowly
Moderato = at a moderate speed
Ritardando
Ritenuto Gradually getting slower
Rallentando
Accelerando = gradually getting faster
NB: How are instruments and what effects are achieved
Arco = string instruments played with a bow
Pizzicato = strings are plucked
Melody
• Which instruments have the melody
• Ornamented?
• Repetition?
• Call and response
• Range (narrow, wide, medium)
• Register (high or low)
Accompaniment
• Rhythmic?
• Harmonic?
• Block chords or arpeggios
• Melodic?
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