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Computer-aided Hazard
IdentifcationPaul Chung
([email protected])Department o Computer !cience
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Hazard" and #perabilit$
(H%P) !tudie"' "tabli"hed and widel$ u"ed
techni ue in the proce"" indu"tr$or hazard identifcation
' *ime con"uming+ labour inten"i,eproce""
*ediou"/pen"i,e
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Computer-aided H%P
' Di0erent le,el" o "upportlectronic report ormlectronic data (on plant+ on 1uid"+
etc.)%utomated Hazard Identifcation
' Continuou" operation' 2atch operation
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%utomated Hazard
Identifcation' Continuou" operation
3rom ba"ic re"earch to commercial product
H%&ID2a"ic technolog$
' !igned directed graph (!D4) repre"entation' 3ault propagation
4o through a li"t o de,iation" "$"tematicall$and identi $ the ault" that cau"e thede,iation" and the con"e uence" that re"ult
rom the ault" and de,iation"
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H%&ID #,er,iew
' %utomated e/traction o plant de"ignrom a C%D "$"tem+ e.g. Intergraph
!martPlant P5ID' Con,enient orm" or adding an$
mi""ing proce"" "pecifc in ormation' *ick bo/e" or "electing anal$"i" option"
De,iation"+ e.g. more 1ow+ le"" 1ow+ etc.Item" to H%P+ etc.
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H%&ID #,er,iew' H%P "t$le output in di0erent output ormat"
678+ with H*78 web page ,iew./cel "pread"heet.
' 9uer$ acilit$ or ,iewing anal$"i" re"ult"e.g. ,iewing ault" and con"e uence" relating to aparticular plant iteme.g. ,iewing the propagation path between aparticular ault and con"e uence
' Compare acilit$ or ,iewing the di0erencebetween two H%&ID run":"e ul or a ter making a change to the de"ign
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Select SP P+IDFrom SmartPlant
Run Hazid data wizard,Extract plant data fromSP database:
Plant ItemsPipin!, "al"es, fittin!s#ontrolsFluids information:
$emperaturePressureFluid name
Hazid maps SP iconsto Hazop %Process&models
#on"erts P+I dia!ramto 'nal(sis model
Hazid anal(ses plant and!enerates Hazop Report
Hazid Operation
7
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Select SP P+IDFrom SmartPlant
Run Hazid data wizard,Extract plant data fromSP database:
Plant ItemsPipin!, "al"es, fittin!s#ontrolsFluids information:
$emperaturePressureFluid name
Hazid maps SP iconsto Hazop %Process&models
#on"erts P+I dia!ramto 'nal(sis model
Hazid anal(ses plant and!enerates Hazop Report
Hazid Operation
7
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Select SP P+IDFrom SmartPlant
Run Hazid data wizard,Extract plant data fromSP database:
Plant ItemsPipin!, "al"es, fittin!s#ontrolsFluids information:
$emperaturePressureFluid name
Hazid maps SP iconsto Hazop %Process&models
#on"erts P+I dia!ramto 'nal(sis model
Hazid anal(ses plant and!enerates Hazop Report
Hazid Operation
7
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Mapping SmartPlant to Hazid models
SmartPlant DatabaseReferences
Hazid Model TypesMapping created by user
for all company,then mapping is > !"
automatic
#utomatic mapping by Hazid$%%
&entrifugal Pump
'al(e
% )))))Mi*er Stripper
#bsorber Reactor
+ser ma es choice
-
..This +ser mapping is re/uired only once for the 0hole Pro1ect..
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Checking Automatic Nozzle Mapping
Hazid model is process function$ 2ut P34D is piping$
+ser confirms nozzle functions$56 is (apour li/uid in port,58 and 59 are li/uid out ports,5: is a (apour out port 5! is &leanout li/uid in port;
Liquid
Vapour Vapour/Liquidn Port
Liquid OutPort
Vapour OutPort
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
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Select SP P+IDFrom SmartPlant
Run Hazid data wizard,Extract plant data fromSP database:
Plant ItemsPipin!, "al"es, fittin!s#ontrolsFluids information:
$emperaturePressureFluid name
Hazid maps SP iconsto Hazop %Process&models
#on"erts P+I dia!ramto 'nal(sis model
Hazid anal(ses plant and!enerates Hazop Report
Hazid Operation
7
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Interaction between Faults, De"iations and #onse)uences
Consequence
DeviationFault
Fault * can cause ConsequenceFault * can cause Deviation to process "ariableDeviation can cause anot er DeviationDeviation can cause Consequence
!quipment "no#ledge $ase
"no#ledge a%out %eha&iour o' equipment
$ ese lin-s are called%arcs& in Hazid
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!quipment "no#ledge $ase"no#ledge a%out (aults and Consequences
)his is mainl* engineering kno#ledge and e+perience
4n
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Select SP P+IDFrom SmartPlant
Run Hazid data wizard,Extract plant data fromSP database:
Plant ItemsPipin!, "al"es, fittin!s#ontrolsFluids information:
$emperaturePressureFluid name
Hazid maps SP iconsto Hazop %Process&models
#on"erts P+I dia!ramto 'nal(sis model
Hazid anal(ses plant and!enerates Hazop Report
Hazid Operation
7
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H%P !t$le #utput rom
H%&ID
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H%&ID ;iewer 9uerie"
' !tandard ormat ue"tion"
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3iltered #utput "howing3ault Path" or a gi,en
Hazard
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%utomated 2atch Plant
Hazard Identifcation' 2atch operation
arl$ re"earch protot$pe (CH C>#P)
2a"ic technolog$' %ction repre"entation' !tate-ba"ed "imulation
4o through a "et o operation in"truction""$"tematicall$ and identi $ potentialambiguitie"+ operating problem" and hazard"%ppl$ing guideword" "uch a" be ore+ a ter+no action+ etc.
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CH C>#P !$"tem
#,er,iew
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!imple 2atch ?eactor
/ample
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CH C>#P Plant
De"criptionin"tance(tank A i"a tank+ Bcontent in o
Breactant% + outport" in o Bout i" Bpump A +in ).in"tance(pump A i"a pump+ B"tatu" i" o ine+
outport" in o Bout i" B,al,e A +in ).in"tance(,al,e A i"a ,al,e+ B"tatu" i" clo"ed+
outport" in o Bout i" Breactor A + inE ).in"tance(reactor A i"a "tirredFtankFreactor+ B
outport" in o Bout i" B,al,e AG+in + outE i"B,al,e A +in +
heat!ink in o Bhout i" B acket A +hin + reaction in o BreactionFabFp
).
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#perating in"truction
ormat' Object Action
,al,e A open
' Object Action until Conditionmi/er on until elap"ed-time EA minute
' Object1 Action Object2 Filler-word
Fluid until Conditionreactor A fll- rom tank A with reactant% until ,olume GA percent
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CH C>#P #perating
Procedure Inputcharge reactor A with reactant% K ( ) ,al,e A open (E) pump A "tart (G) reactor A fllF rom tank A with
reactant% until ,olume GA percent
(L) pump A "top (M) ,al,e A clo"eNetc
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De,iation 4eneration
' Combine each "ingle action in theprocedure with guide word"+ rom
Jo action !imple omi""ion.arl$O8ate action !e uence o procedure
changed (how man$ "tep" ea"ible=).arl$O8ate action termination untilQ condition
o action ,aried.
' *hen+ "imulate the e0ect o e/ecuting thenew procedure on the plant+ detecthazard".
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2atch H%P #utput#peration >e$word Con"e uence"(G)reactor Afll romtank Awithreactant%until,olume GApercent
Jo action ( ) agitator running while ,e""elempt$
( R) cannot empt$ Breactant%+productP rom reactor A to tank AGbecau"e content o reactor i"Breactant2 .
arl$
action (-E)
reactor A cannot be flled rom
tank A becau"e there i" no 1owpath.
8ateaction(SG)
reactor A cannot be flled romtank A becau"e there i" no 1owpath.
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2atch H%P #utput#peration >e$word Con"e uence"(G)reactor Afll romtank Awithreactant%until,olume GApercent
arl$termination (to onl$
Apercent)
no con"e uence.
8atetermination (to MApercent)
( R) cannot empt$ Breactant%+productP rom reactor A to tank AGbecau"e content o reactor i"Breactant%+ productP .( R) contamination in tank AG.
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3uture #P
' % ormal "tructured language or operatingin"truction"
' 7ore guide word"#therQ %ction change other ,ariable" o the
%ction model' ?ule" or rea"onable de,iation"
#Pbetter or operating error"+ etc.H%P o "tart-up+ "hutdown+ maintenance+ etc.
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Conclu"ion"
' %utomated hazard identifcationcontinuou" operation
' commercial tool that can reduce the time o H%P
batch operation' promi"ing area o re"earch and de,elopment or
identi $ing problem" a""ociated with human error"and operating procedure"
'2eneft"Doing H%P earlier+ and on modifcation".
Con"i"tent+ repeatable+ complete hazardidentifcation method.
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%cknowledgement"
' *he work de"cribed in thi"pre"entation i" being unded b$
H%&ID *echnologie" 8tdngineering and Ph$"ical !cience"?e"earch Council+ :>
' *hank" are al"o due to m$colleague"
Dr !te,e 7cCo$7r Ding eng &hou
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