Code SwitchingBy Jade McGinty & Rayan Awad
What is Code Switching?
The practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in conversation.
The juxtaposition within the same speech exchange of passages of speech belonging to two different grammatical systems or sub-systems. (Li Wei, 2002, 2004; Gumperz, 1982)
example ;)
Why do Bilinguals Code Switch?
DifferentTypes of Code Switching.
What is Code-Mixing?
• Mixing refers to the co-occurrence of elements from two or more languages in a single utterance. Mixing includes single-word utterances from two languages during the same stretch of conversation between a child and caregiver (Genesee, 1989).
Different Types of Code Switching
Intra-sentential Code-switching - within a language vs. inter-sentential code switching - outside specific language spoken
Code-mixing vs. code-switching
Borrowing vs. code-switching
syntactic vs semantic switching
Cultural differences
Code-Switching (CS) is often divided into single-word CS, Multi- word CS and Turn-switching
FUNCTIONS OF CODE SWITCHING
Language choice and code-switching are regarded as symbolic of the social relationships between individuals.
Situational code-switching – the change of language which corresponds to changes in the situation, particularly participants, setting and activity type.
Metaphorical code-switching – speakers switch from one language to another in order to achieve special communicative effects, while the participant and setting remain the same.
“identity is a discursive construct that emerges in
linguistic interaction”
Example Video of
Code Switching
1b. Structural patterns/Typology of code-switching
• Insertion – items from one language are inserted into an overall structure of the other language, normally lexically motivated.
• Congruent lexicalization – grammatical structure is built up by two languages and is filled lexically with elements from either language.
• Alternation – switch from one language to the other, involving both grammar and lexicon, but is normally syntactically (and functional) motivated.
First Report - included in report
Poor language proficiency leads to code switching.
Ask the class what they think
relate to statistics
Second Report - used in report
1.The grammatical approach
2.The sociolinguistic approach
3.The conversational/pragmatic approach
“Code-switching is a verbal skill requiring a large degree of linguistic competence in more than one language, rather than a defect arising from insufficient knowledge of one or the other ... [R]ather than representing deviant behavior, [it] is actually a suggestive indicator of degree of bilingual competence.”
(cf. Grosjean, 2010, p57)
References
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