ASEAN Youth Leaders' Association (AYLA)KL General Assembly 5
ASEAN CLIMATE CHANGEAnthony Tan Kee HuatCETDEM Executive Director – Panelist
Thursday, 12th November 2015Institut Latihan Kehakiman dan Perundangan (ILKAP)
Part 1: Environment, Stewardship & Volition,
Part 2: Sustainable Development
Part 3: ASEAN and Climate Change
Part 4: Vulnerability
Part 5: Way Forward
About CETDEM
PROGRAMME
PART 1Environment, Stewardship
& Volition
ENVIRONMENT
Natural Environment• Flora (plant);• Fauna (animal, insect);• Microbes (bacteria, virus);• Rock, Mineral, Hill, Mountain,
River, Ocean, etc.;• Cloud, Air.
Built Environment• Buildings (house, school, office,
factory);• Infrastructure (road, rail, dam,
drain, electricity pole, airport);• Vehicle and mobile creations of
humans.
ENVIRONMENT
The Environment is affected by Social and Economic activities of Humans.
USE or AB-USE of the Environment is a Governance issue.
Steward / Trustee / Khalifah• To be a good Steward means YOU must be
responsible over other people's property and ensure their well being without cheating, but being respectful in managing and taking orders from others.
• Steward is NOT Owner.• Steward is manager. • Steward must be trustworthy and not misuse
his authority
STEWARDSHIP
VOLITION• Personal Political Will• Values based decision making• Doing what is RIGHT, not what is
POPULAR• Standing up to be counted• Universal Needs above Personal
Needs
VOLITION
PART 2Sustainable Development
Brundtland Commission • Defination of Sustainable
Development from 1987 and most often used;
• Development that “fulfills the current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to fulfill their own needs”.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
RIO Earth Summit 1992 established:• Rio Declaration on Environment and Development• Agenda 21• Forest Principles
2 agreements open for signing:• Convention on Bio-Diversity (CBD) – enforced from
29th December 1993• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) – enforced from 21st March 1994
Objectives of Framework Convention on Climate Change
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
To achieve stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with climate system to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally, to ensure food production is not threatened and to enable sustainable development
anthropogenic interference = human activities
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CONSIDER THESE FACTS
Usage of 1kWh electricity means emission of about 1 kg CO2e at the electricity power station Peninsula Malaysia – 0.70kg/kWhSabah – 0.87kg/kWhSarawak – 0.55kg/kWh
Combustion of 1 liter of diesel / petrol means emission of 2.5 kg CO2e into the atmosphere
PART 3ASEAN and Climate Change
ASEAN ENVIRONMENT YEAR 2015
WHAT IS THE ASEAN STAND?ASEAN Joint Statement on Climate Change 2014• Adopted in Naw Pyi Taw, the Republic of the Union of
Myanmar on 12th Nov. 2014;• 33 point Declaration;• Usage of the phrase “including ASEAN member states” in
points 1 & 5 of the Declaration;• MALAYSIA as Host and Chair of ASEAN 2015 remains as
the ONLY ASEAN member state that has yet to submit to the UNFCCC the country's Intended Nationally Determined Contributions or INDC, which is stated in item 5 of the Declaration
`
DOES ASEAN STAND AS ONE?During UNFCCC meetings and negotiations:• ASEAN negotiators are very much country centric.• Negotiations become national instead of regional focused; • It is as if the ASEAN grouping ceases to exist, unlike the EU
which works on country and regional levels.
ASEAN member states are involved in other groupings:• G77 and China• LDC – Least Developed Countries • AOSIS – Association of Small Island States• LMDC – Like Minded Developing Group
DOES ASEAN STAND AS ONE?G77 and China – Group of 77 and China• Established on 15 June 1964 by 77 developing countries• Currently has 134 countries including China• All 10 ASEAN members states are members• BRUNEI DARUSSALAM … CAMBODIA … INDONESIA …
LAO PDR … MALAYSIA … MYANMAR … PHILIPPINES … SINGAPORE … THAILAND … VIET NAM
LDC – Least Developed Countries• 48 countries especially vulnerable to Climate Change• Afghanistan, Angola, … CAMBODIA, Central African
Republic, Chad … LAO PDR, Lesotho … MYANMAR … Yemen, Zambia
DOES ASEAN STAND AS ONE?AOSIS – Association of Small Island States• Island nations at high risk due to sea level rise• Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, … Haiti,
Jamaica, Kitibati, Maldives … SINGAPORE … Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
LMDC – Like Minded Developing Group• Represents more than 50% of world's population• Algeria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bhutan, China, Cuba, Egypt,
India, INDONESIA, Iran, MALAYSIA, MYANMAR, Nepal, Pakistan, PHILIPPINES, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, VIET NAM and Zimbabwe
WHAT HAS CIVIL SOCIETY DONE?Climate Action Network Southeast Asia (CANSEA)• Indonesia CAN (ICAN)• CAN Thailand (CANT)• Malaysian Climate Change Group (MCCG)• Philippine Network for Climate Change (PNCC) – undergoing
restructuring
PART 4Vulnerability
POTENTIAL IMPACTS
KesihatanHealth
PertanianAgriculture
Sumber air & kehidupan akuatikWater Resources & Aquatic Life
Kawasan pantaiCoastal Areas
PerhutananForests
Kepelbagaian biologiSpecies & Natural Areas
Perubahan IklimClimate Changes
Kenaikan Paras lautSea Level Rise
SuhuTemperature
KerpasanPrecipitation
Source: Anne Grambsch (1998)
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTClimate Change Vulnerability
Mapping for Southeast Asia• Arief Anshory Anthony and
Herminia Francisco • January 2009
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTEconomics of Climate Change
in Southeast Asia: A Regional Review
• Asian Development Bank• April 2009• Only Indonesia, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam participated
Economics of Climate Change in Southeast Asia: A Regional Review
PART 5Way Forward
ASEAN CLIMATE CHANGE PLANASEAN as a single entity• Move away from the notion of 'ASEAN member states' to
ONE ASEAN Community• People Centric ASEAN must become a reality• Work as ASEAN at UNFCCC negotiations• Formation of an ASEAN Climate Change Task Force to
coordinate preparations for Climate Change related extreme weather phenomena, sea level rise, health challenges
• Use skills of Governments, Private Sector and Civil Society to identify Climate Resilient 'Best Practices' that can be duplicated at the very basic level of society – fisher folk, farmers, rural folk, SMEs, multi-national organisations
• Face cross boundry challenges with openness – offer and accept help as necessary
A DECARBONISED ECONOMYEnergy Efficiency• Lowest hanging fruits• Identify and Utilise Energy Efficient Technologies• Reduce Energy Wastage, Reuse & Recycle Waste Energy
Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency• Solar – PV & Water Heaters• Bio – Mass & Gas• Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion• Wind, Wave• Geothermaland for God's sake, NUCLEAR is NOT a Renewable Resource
LEAP FROG TECHNOLOGYGo Wireless• It is much faster to put up a cellular transmission tower than
to pull cables
Invest in Technology that Creates Less Pollution• Hybrid Technology• Insulation, Inverter
Build settlements with 'Reverse Technology'• Self sustained townships, live near where you work• Un-design buildings to be Climate Change resilent – houses /
buildings on stilts• Use common sense – no mega development on swaps /
paddy fields / coastal areas
Environmental NGO based in SS2 Petaling Jaya.Founded in 1985.
Concerned with Sustainable Development – Climate Change. Issues related to Energy, Transport, Organic Farming, Water.“ALWAYS PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”
“PRACTICAL AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS”
Engr Gurmit Singh, Chairman and founding Executive Director
Anthony Tan, Executive [email protected]
THANK YOU
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