PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
PROJECT DESIG DOCUME T FORM (CDM
Version 03
A. General description of the small scale
B. Application of a
C. Duration of the
D. Environmental impacts
E. Stakeholders’
Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the proposed small scale
Annex 2: Information regarding public funding
Annex 3: Baseline information
Annex 4: Monitoring Information
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
1
CLEA DEVELOPME T MECHA ISM
PROJECT DESIG DOCUME T FORM (CDM-SSC
Version 03 - in effect as of: 22 December 2006
CO TE TS
General description of the small scale project activity
Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology
Duration of the project activity / crediting period
Environmental impacts
Stakeholders’ comments
Annexes
Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the proposed small scale
Annex 2: Information regarding public funding
information
Annex 4: Monitoring Information
Version 03
SSC-PDD)
Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the proposed small scale project activity
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Version Number
Date
01 21 January
2003
02 8 July 2005
03 22 December
2006
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
2
Revision history of this document
Description and reason of revision
Initial adoption
• The Board agreed to revise the CDM SSC PDD to reflect
guidance and clarifications provided by the Board since
version 01 of this document.
• As a consequence, the guidelines for completing CDM SSC
PDD have been revised accordingly to version 2. The latest
version can be found at
<http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Documents
• The Board agreed to revise the CDM project design
document for small-scale activities (CDM
into account CDM-PDD and CDM-NM.
Version 03
The Board agreed to revise the CDM SSC PDD to reflect
guidance and clarifications provided by the Board since
consequence, the guidelines for completing CDM SSC
PDD have been revised accordingly to version 2. The latest
http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Documents>.
The Board agreed to revise the CDM project design
scale activities (CDM-SSC-PDD), taking
NM.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
SECTIO A. General description of
A.1 Title of the small-scale
Title: Aberdares Improved Cook Stoves
Version: V.09
Completion date: 24/04/2012
A.2. Description of the
Background to and purpose of project
In Kenya 70% of the national energy supply is
demand coming from the domestic sector.
amongst other shortfalls is only able to produce 10% thermal efficiency.
growth rate of 2.7%3 it is not surprising to find that between 1990 and 2005 Kenya lost forest cov
a rate of 0.3-0.5%/year, with protected forest making up only 1.6% of land coverage
situation is not sustainable and Kenya’s ability to meet future
scenario is questionable, as highlighted by the Kenyan Ministry of Energy in a 2002 report
of significant quantities of non
contributing to anthropogenic climate change.
Added to environmental pressures is the poor quality of life experienced by the rural
traditional wood stoves which
efficiencies. A WHO report concluded
hazard for many of the world’s poorest,
range of health problems such as acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children, chronic obstructive lung
diseases (such as chronic bronchitis and asthma), lung cancer and pregnancy
estimated that 4-5% of global deaths occur as a result of exposure to smoke particulates.
The ‘Aberdares Improved Cook Stove project’ will address these issues by
wood-burning improved cook
revenues expected Recipients
use of the stove by local community groups engaging with the project developers.
1 “Kenya: Integrated assessment of the Energy Policy”, UNEP, 2006
http://www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL.pdf
2 UNFCCC Methodology AMS-II
http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/AUBHMWJVKFSY9D1380NOI5ET26ZQLG
3 “State of the world’s forests 2009”, FAO, 2009 :
4 “State of the world’s forests 2009”, FAO, 2009, “
2006
5 “Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and service
establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, 2002.
6 “The health effects of indoor air pollution exposure in developing countries”, WHO, 2002 :
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/WHO_SDE_OEH_02.05.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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General description of small-scale project activity
scale project activity:
Title: Aberdares Improved Cook Stoves
Description of the small-scale project activity:
Background to and purpose of project
In Kenya 70% of the national energy supply is met through use of biomass fuels, with
demand coming from the domestic sector.1 Traditional cooking involves the use of a 3
only able to produce 10% thermal efficiency.2 Combined with a population
it is not surprising to find that between 1990 and 2005 Kenya lost forest cov
with protected forest making up only 1.6% of land coverage
situation is not sustainable and Kenya’s ability to meet future energy needs under a business
as highlighted by the Kenyan Ministry of Energy in a 2002 report
of significant quantities of non-renewable biomass also gives rise to large quantities of greenhouse gasses,
contributing to anthropogenic climate change.
Added to environmental pressures is the poor quality of life experienced by the rural
which generate a large amount of smoke within the home due to poor combustion
A WHO report concluded ‘Indoor air pollution is a major environmental and public health
hazard for many of the world’s poorest, most vulnerable people.’ Biomass smoke has been linked to a
range of health problems such as acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children, chronic obstructive lung
diseases (such as chronic bronchitis and asthma), lung cancer and pregnancy
5% of global deaths occur as a result of exposure to smoke particulates.
Improved Cook Stove project’ will address these issues by
improved cook stoves in households within the project area.
Recipients will receive stoves in exchange for co2e rights
use of the stove by local community groups engaging with the project developers.
“Kenya: Integrated assessment of the Energy Policy”, UNEP, 2006 :
http://www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL.pdf
II-G
http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/AUBHMWJVKFSY9D1380NOI5ET26ZQLG
“State of the world’s forests 2009”, FAO, 2009 : http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0350e/i0350e00.HTM
“State of the world’s forests 2009”, FAO, 2009, “Kenya: Integrated assessment of the
mand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and service
establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, 2002.
“The health effects of indoor air pollution exposure in developing countries”, WHO, 2002 :
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/WHO_SDE_OEH_02.05.pdf
Version 03
biomass fuels, with 90% of this
Traditional cooking involves the use of a 3-stone fire, which
Combined with a population
it is not surprising to find that between 1990 and 2005 Kenya lost forest coverage at
with protected forest making up only 1.6% of land coverage by 2005.4 This
ergy needs under a business-as-usual
as highlighted by the Kenyan Ministry of Energy in a 2002 report.5 The burning
renewable biomass also gives rise to large quantities of greenhouse gasses,
Added to environmental pressures is the poor quality of life experienced by the rural poor, using
generate a large amount of smoke within the home due to poor combustion
Indoor air pollution is a major environmental and public health
Biomass smoke has been linked to a
range of health problems such as acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children, chronic obstructive lung
diseases (such as chronic bronchitis and asthma), lung cancer and pregnancy-related outcomes. It is
5% of global deaths occur as a result of exposure to smoke particulates.6
Improved Cook Stove project’ will address these issues by distribution of domestic
households within the project area. Thanks to the carbon
in exchange for co2e rights and be directed in correct
use of the stove by local community groups engaging with the project developers. Pilot studies have
http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/AUBHMWJVKFSY9D1380NOI5ET26ZQLG
http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0350e/i0350e00.HTM
Kenya: Integrated assessment of the Energy Policy”, UNEP,
mand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and service
“The health effects of indoor air pollution exposure in developing countries”, WHO, 2002 :
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
shown the stoves to reduce fuel consumption
environment for recipients and
annually as a result of the project.
non-renewable biomass will be correspondingly reduced.
As the stoves will be distributed without monetary charge
market saturation in an area, allowing as many households as possible to benefit from the improved stove.
The way in which a cook uses the stove is also a key influencing factor in the fuel savings made
expected therefore that by making such improved stoves commonplace within a community, and hence
building strong local understanding of the technology, higher levels of
Technology to be employed
Pilot studies have shown the large majority of households within the project area to be cooking for
domestic purposes only, on three
cluster. For these reasons the project
will be distributed for domestic use only
under development and may be included in the project if available at the appropriate time. If this should
occur the appropriate clustering would be organised.
The improved stoves (known as the
inner ceramic liner surrounded by
horizontal (combined) fuel and air intake, terminating in a firebox with a vertical outlet on which the
cooking pot rests. Relative to the three stone fire, this type of stove a
temperatures to be reached and improved fuel/air mixing, he
This reduces the amount of smoke produced.
temperature difference between the low inlet and the outlet,
top directly onto the cooking pot in order to achieve high levels of thermal transfer. Despite the
combustion gasses remaining in the house, the improved combustion efficiencies mean that smoke levels
are dramatically reduced.
7 Refer to file ‘PDD supplementary calculations v.02’ for details.
8 Page 10 “Solid fuel household cook stoves: characterisation of performance and e
bioenergy 33 (2009) 294-305. http://www.pciaonline.org/files/Stoves_Paper_Final_Color_2.26.09.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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shown the stoves to reduce fuel consumption significantly7. This will result in
and reduced pressure on local forests, with a reduction of wood being burnt
annually as a result of the project. By reducing fuel consumption, CO2 emissions from combustion of
renewable biomass will be correspondingly reduced.
distributed without monetary charge, the project can expect to achieve high levels of
market saturation in an area, allowing as many households as possible to benefit from the improved stove.
he way in which a cook uses the stove is also a key influencing factor in the fuel savings made
that by making such improved stoves commonplace within a community, and hence
building strong local understanding of the technology, higher levels of fuel savings
shown the large majority of households within the project area to be cooking for
domestic purposes only, on three-stone fires using wood fuel. There is one main representative household
he project will initially employ a single model of
stributed for domestic use only. More advanced and efficient models of stove are currently
under development and may be included in the project if available at the appropriate time. If this should
appropriate clustering would be organised.
(known as the Carbon Zero Kenya or CZK stove) are a
inner ceramic liner surrounded by clay bricks and mortar, using a ‘rocket’ style design
and air intake, terminating in a firebox with a vertical outlet on which the
Relative to the three stone fire, this type of stove a
and improved fuel/air mixing, hence higher levels of combustion
This reduces the amount of smoke produced. There is no chimney as such,
temperature difference between the low inlet and the outlet, and the hot combustion gasses
top directly onto the cooking pot in order to achieve high levels of thermal transfer. Despite the
combustion gasses remaining in the house, the improved combustion efficiencies mean that smoke levels
Refer to file ‘PDD supplementary calculations v.02’ for details.
Page 10 “Solid fuel household cook stoves: characterisation of performance and emissions”, Biomass and
http://www.pciaonline.org/files/Stoves_Paper_Final_Color_2.26.09.pdf
Version 03
This will result in an improved living
reduction of wood being burnt
emissions from combustion of
, the project can expect to achieve high levels of
market saturation in an area, allowing as many households as possible to benefit from the improved stove.
he way in which a cook uses the stove is also a key influencing factor in the fuel savings made.8 It is
that by making such improved stoves commonplace within a community, and hence
fuel savings will be achieved.
shown the large majority of households within the project area to be cooking for
stone fires using wood fuel. There is one main representative household
model of wood-burning stove, which
More advanced and efficient models of stove are currently
under development and may be included in the project if available at the appropriate time. If this should
are a fixed construction of an
and mortar, using a ‘rocket’ style design. This consists of a
and air intake, terminating in a firebox with a vertical outlet on which the
Relative to the three stone fire, this type of stove allows higher combustion
levels of combustion are achieved.
There is no chimney as such, draft is created by the
the hot combustion gasses pass out of the
top directly onto the cooking pot in order to achieve high levels of thermal transfer. Despite the
combustion gasses remaining in the house, the improved combustion efficiencies mean that smoke levels
missions”, Biomass and
http://www.pciaonline.org/files/Stoves_Paper_Final_Color_2.26.09.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The stove consists of an inner firebox
possible; a grey cast iron plate that is specificall
viewing whilst operating the fire;
flow during combustion and keeping the wood on
bricks. It is a high performance, ergonomically designed cook
builder and the user in mind.
Research into the environmental impact of
gas emissions generated as a result of this would be insignificant in relation to
the lifespan of the stoves. Further detai
Brick Housing
Secondary Air Breather
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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Image 1. Diagrammatic view of stove
The stove consists of an inner firebox being a standardised fired-ceramic liner
plate that is specifically shaped for optimum efficiency;
perating the fire; a secondary air intake to assist with the fire starting, maximising air
flow during combustion and keeping the wood on a brick loading platform;
It is a high performance, ergonomically designed cook stove that was designed with
builder and the user in mind.
Research into the environmental impact of producing construction materials suggests that the greenhouse
gas emissions generated as a result of this would be insignificant in relation to
the lifespan of the stoves. Further details are discussed under leakage.
Brick Housing
Ceramic Liner
Secondary Air Breather
Version 03
1. Diagrammatic view of stove
ceramic liner, made locally where
y shaped for optimum efficiency; an open front ease of
a secondary air intake to assist with the fire starting, maximising air
and the outer skin of fired
stove that was designed with both the
suggests that the greenhouse
gas emissions generated as a result of this would be insignificant in relation to the reductions made over
Metal Pot Plate
Wood Loading Area
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The pilot project and development work have been funded by co2balance UK
implementation of the project;
will implement this project with the assistance of local stove con
stove maintenance will be managed similarly.
1st) LSC was held: 27
th April
2nd
) LSC report is submitted to the Gold Standard Registry
commence under regular project cycle
3rd) Pilot construction undertaken
During the elapsed time between the local stakeholder consultation and the start of pilot stove
construction other scopes of the project were advanced as for example reinforcement of community
engagement, building the electronic database to track stoves individually, further internal training on
project implementation, etc. Country logistics allowed start construction of the pilot stoves a few months
later when the necessary resources were put in place to e
Construction of the rest of stoves (to meet the maximum allowable emissions reductions for a small scale
activity) is planned for early 2011
Date
July 2010
4th) Project construction/operation schedule
July 2010
Jan 2011
Feb 2011
Mar 2011
Apr 2011
May 2011
Jun 2011
Jul 2011
Aug 2011
Sept 2011
Oct 2011
Nov 2011
Dec 2011
As shown above, the first stage was the
pilot stoves commenced, hence the application for registration is under
active cycle. Stove construction
constructed. It is anticipated that the full amount of
time.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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The Carbon Zero Kenya Cook-Stove (CZK)
pilot project and development work have been funded by co2balance UK
implementation of the project; VER sales will constitute the only revenue stream.
implement this project with the assistance of local stove contractors.
stove maintenance will be managed similarly.
April 2010
) LSC report is submitted to the Gold Standard Registry 25th
June 2010
commence under regular project cycle application)
Pilot construction undertaken
During the elapsed time between the local stakeholder consultation and the start of pilot stove
construction other scopes of the project were advanced as for example reinforcement of community
building the electronic database to track stoves individually, further internal training on
project implementation, etc. Country logistics allowed start construction of the pilot stoves a few months
later when the necessary resources were put in place to ensure an adequate implementation.
tion of the rest of stoves (to meet the maximum allowable emissions reductions for a small scale
activity) is planned for early 2011.
Stoves constructed in period Total stoves operational
149
/operation schedule
Date Stoves constructed in period
July 2010 149
Jan 2011 0
Feb 2011 0
Mar 2011 2,000
Apr 2011 5,600
May 2011 2,400
Jun 2011 4,000
Jul 2011 4,000
Aug 2011 4,000
Sept 2011 4,000
Oct 2011 24,884
Nov 2011 0
Dec 2011 0
the first stage was the stakeholder consultation. Following this
hence the application for registration is under the regular cycle
Stove construction then will continue on a regular basis till all the project stoves are
anticipated that the full amount of stoves will be complete within the shortest possible
Version 03
pilot project and development work have been funded by co2balance UK Ltd, as will the
itute the only revenue stream. Carbon Zero Kenya Ltd
Long term monitoring and
June 2010 (construction can now
During the elapsed time between the local stakeholder consultation and the start of pilot stove
construction other scopes of the project were advanced as for example reinforcement of community
building the electronic database to track stoves individually, further internal training on
project implementation, etc. Country logistics allowed start construction of the pilot stoves a few months
nsure an adequate implementation.
tion of the rest of stoves (to meet the maximum allowable emissions reductions for a small scale
Total stoves operational
149
Stoves constructed in period
24,884
ollowing this the construction of the
the regular cycle and not the retro-
is till all the project stoves are
within the shortest possible
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Sustainability
As well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions this project will contribute to sustainability
development goals in a number of ways including:
• Reducing householders exposure to health damaging biomass smoke
• Reducing pressure on
• Improved livelihood of the poor
• Increased rate of technology transfer
A detailed discussion of the impact of the project on sustainable development can be found in the
accompanying Gold Standard Passport.
A.3. Project participants:
ame of Party involved (*)
((host) indicates a host Party)
Kenya (host)
United Kingdom
The project is voluntary and as such official endorsement from the Parties is not required, the Kenyan
DNA (NEMA) is however, aware of the project
local stakeholder’s meeting an
Confirmation of the non-EIA requirement is available at validation.
A.4. Technical description of the
A.4.1. Location of the
A.4.1.1.
Republic of Kenya
A.4.1.2.
The activities will take place within
A.4.1.3.
The project activities will take place within
Province: Central Province
District: Lari District
Divisions: Lari and Gatamaiyu (Total of 30,779 HHS)
Locations/Sub-location breakdown as below:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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As well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions this project will contribute to sustainability
in a number of ways including:
Reducing householders exposure to health damaging biomass smoke
Reducing pressure on local woodland and hence biodiversity
Improved livelihood of the poor
Increased rate of technology transfer
A detailed discussion of the impact of the project on sustainable development can be found in the
accompanying Gold Standard Passport.
:
ame of Party involved (*)
((host) indicates a host Party)
Private entity project
participants
Kindly indicate if the Party
involved wishes to be
considered as a project
participant (Yes/ o)
N/A
co2balance UK Ltd
The project is voluntary and as such official endorsement from the Parties is not required, the Kenyan
aware of the project as this is the host country. NEMA were invited to the
local stakeholder’s meeting and also engaged to confirm the EIA non-requirement status of the project.
EIA requirement is available at validation.
Technical description of the small-scale project activity:
A.4.1. Location of the small-scale project activity:
Host Party(ies):
Region/State/Province etc.:
activities will take place within the Central Province of Kenya.
City/Town/Community etc:
The project activities will take place within the Kenyan country as follows:
Gatamaiyu (Total of 30,779 HHS)
location breakdown as below:
Version 03
As well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions this project will contribute to sustainability and millennium
A detailed discussion of the impact of the project on sustainable development can be found in the
Kindly indicate if the Party
involved wishes to be
considered as a project
participant (Yes/ o)
No
No
The project is voluntary and as such official endorsement from the Parties is not required, the Kenyan
. NEMA were invited to the
requirement status of the project.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Lari Division
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Gatamaiyu Division
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
Location
Sub location
A.4.1.4.
unique identification of this
For the purposes of this project the boundaries
sub-locations as illustrated below.
36.669109°.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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Kamae
Kamae
Kamukombini
Kinale
Kinale
Mukeu
Kijabe
Bathi
Magina
Mbauini
Kijabe
Gitithia
Gitithia
Nyambari
Lari
Lari Scheme
Githirioni
Kirenga
Kirenga
Gituamba
Kambaa
Escarpment
Gatamaiyu
Kagwe
Kamuchege
Nyanduma
Nyanduma
Gachoire
Kamburu
Kamburu
Kagaa
Matimbei
Details of physical location, including information allowing the
unique identification of this small-scale project activity :
project the boundaries have been defined as the political boundary
below. The central point (shown with a pin on the map is at
Version 03
Details of physical location, including information allowing the
litical boundary to include all
The central point (shown with a pin on the map is at -0.938073°,
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The stoves will be individually tracked using GPS co
boundary. Furthermore, each stove is marked with a unique identification number
and kept on the electronic database
allow the individual tracking of each stove to avoid double
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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The stoves will be individually tracked using GPS co-ordinates to ensure they fall within the
Furthermore, each stove is marked with a unique identification number
and kept on the electronic database; this includes household occupants and GPS co
allow the individual tracking of each stove to avoid double counting and boundary issues.
Version 03
e they fall within the project
Furthermore, each stove is marked with a unique identification number that will be uploaded
; this includes household occupants and GPS co-ordinates. That will
counting and boundary issues.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
A.4.2. Type and category(ies) and technology/measure of the
The project falls under the Energy Efficiency
toolkit.
The project technology of the generic ‘rocket stove’ type is well proven to be environmentally safe and
sound in relation to the baseline ‘three
distributed to a number of households within the project area and households trained in efficient use of
the stoves to ensure successful transfer of this technology type to the area in question.
A.4.3 Estimated amount
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Total estimated reductions (tonnes
CO2e)
Total number of crediting years
Annual average of the estimated
reductions over the crediting
period
Year
A.4.4. Public funding of the
There is no public or ODA funding for this project activity, all revenue for the project will be derived
from the sales of VERs. Please see annex
A.4.5. Confirmation that the
large scale project activity:
In accordance with the guidelines recorded in EB54, Annex 13, paragraph 7, t
project activity is exempted from undergoing a de
Refer to Excel file ‘PDD Supplementary Data Aberdares v.07
SECTIO B. Application of a bas
9 MacCarty, N., Ogle, D., Still, D., Bond, T. & R
warming impact of five major types of
(2), pp. 5-14. Accessed from
studies
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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A.4.2. Type and category(ies) and technology/measure of the small
The project falls under the Energy Efficiency – Domestic type and category according to the GSV2.1
y of the generic ‘rocket stove’ type is well proven to be environmentally safe and
sound in relation to the baseline ‘three-stone’ technology. 9 The rocket stove technology will be
distributed to a number of households within the project area and households trained in efficient use of
the stoves to ensure successful transfer of this technology type to the area in question.
Estimated amount of emission reductions over the chosen crediting period
-3
23,578
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
Total estimated reductions (tonnes 466,576
Total number of crediting years 7
Annual average of the estimated
reductions over the crediting 66,653
ER - Estimation of annual emissions reductions in tonnes CO
A.4.4. Public funding of the small-scale project activity:
funding for this project activity, all revenue for the project will be derived
Please see annex 2 in the passport for a copy of ODA letter as proof of this.
A.4.5. Confirmation that the small-scale project activity is not a debundled
guidelines recorded in EB54, Annex 13, paragraph 7, t
exempted from undergoing a de-bundling check.
upplementary Data Aberdares v.07’ for calculations.
Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology
MacCarty, N., Ogle, D., Still, D., Bond, T. & Roden, C., (2008). ‘A laboratory comparison of the global
g impact of five major types of biomass cooking stoves’, Energy for Sustainable Development
14. Accessed from http://www.aprovecho.org/lab/pubs/researchlib/category/20/performance
Version 03
small-scale project activity:
according to the GSV2.1
y of the generic ‘rocket stove’ type is well proven to be environmentally safe and
The rocket stove technology will be
distributed to a number of households within the project area and households trained in efficient use of
the stoves to ensure successful transfer of this technology type to the area in question.
crediting period:
ER - Estimation of annual emissions reductions in tonnes CO2e
funding for this project activity, all revenue for the project will be derived
for a copy of ODA letter as proof of this.
debundled component of a
guidelines recorded in EB54, Annex 13, paragraph 7, the proposed small-scale
for calculations.
A laboratory comparison of the global
Energy for Sustainable Development 12
http://www.aprovecho.org/lab/pubs/researchlib/category/20/performance-
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
B.1. Title and reference of the
small-scale project activity:
The small-scale project activity falls within the ‘Energy Efficiency
the Gold Standard ‘Methodology for improved cook
up to date version of the methodology at the time of submission.
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and
additionality (Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible without VER revenues.
B.2 Justification of the choice of the project category:
The applicability criteria of the chosen methodology will be addressed in turn to
methodology is applicable to the proposed project activity. Sections in italics represent the criteria
specified by the methodology, Section I, pg. 2.
1. The ‘methodology is applicable to programs or activities introducing improved cook
water treatment technology (e.g. water filters) and practices to households and institutions
result in improved kitchen regimes within a distinct geographical area.
The project activity is introducing improved cook
defined in section A.4. The activity will be r
higher thermal and combustion efficiency,
kitchen regimes10
in the form of reduced fuel use
levels of indoor air pollution.
2. ‘The project activity is implemented by a project coordinator who acts as project participant.’
The project activity is being implemented by co2balance UK Ltd, who also act as project participant.
3. ‘The individual households and institutions will not act as project participants.’
The individual household stove recipients will not act as project part
rights transfer form confirming that the rights to GHG emission reductions are transferred to the PP as
payment for the improved cook stove.
4. ‘The methodology addresses the switch from cook
or domestic homes having significant green
or zero emissions.’
The pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3
stoves that have significant GHG emissions with improved stoves having over 50% less GHG emissions.
Refer to PDD section B.6.3 for details.
10 According to Section I, page 2 of the methodology: ‘
which determine green-house gas emissions arising from energy use in the kitchen.’
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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Title and reference of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology
:
scale project activity falls within the ‘Energy Efficiency – Domestic’ category and wi
Methodology for improved cook-stoves and kitchen regimes V.02
up to date version of the methodology at the time of submission.
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and
additionality (Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible without VER revenues.
Justification of the choice of the project category:
The applicability criteria of the chosen methodology will be addressed in turn to
methodology is applicable to the proposed project activity. Sections in italics represent the criteria
specified by the methodology, Section I, pg. 2.
‘methodology is applicable to programs or activities introducing improved cook
water treatment technology (e.g. water filters) and practices to households and institutions
result in improved kitchen regimes within a distinct geographical area.
introducing improved cook-stoves to households within
The activity will be replacing inefficient open wood fires with
higher thermal and combustion efficiency, and training householders in their use
the form of reduced fuel use, corresponding GHG emission reductions, and
‘The project activity is implemented by a project coordinator who acts as project participant.’
The project activity is being implemented by co2balance UK Ltd, who also act as project participant.
‘The individual households and institutions will not act as project participants.’
The individual household stove recipients will not act as project participants and will all sign a carbon
rights transfer form confirming that the rights to GHG emission reductions are transferred to the PP as
payment for the improved cook stove.
‘The methodology addresses the switch from cook-stoves and kitchen regimes
or domestic homes having significant green-house gas emission to those having considerably less
The pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3
have significant GHG emissions with improved stoves having over 50% less GHG emissions.
Refer to PDD section B.6.3 for details.
According to Section I, page 2 of the methodology: ‘The term “regime” is used to enco
house gas emissions arising from energy use in the kitchen.’
Version 03
approved baseline and monitoring methodology applied to the
Domestic’ category and will utilise
stoves and kitchen regimes V.02’. This is the most
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and assessment of
additionality (Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible without VER revenues.
The applicability criteria of the chosen methodology will be addressed in turn to show that this
methodology is applicable to the proposed project activity. Sections in italics represent the criteria
‘methodology is applicable to programs or activities introducing improved cook-stoves or
water treatment technology (e.g. water filters) and practices to households and institutions that
result in improved kitchen regimes within a distinct geographical area.’
within the geographical region
wood fires with wood-stoves of a
and training householders in their use, will result in improved
, corresponding GHG emission reductions, and lowered
‘The project activity is implemented by a project coordinator who acts as project participant.’
The project activity is being implemented by co2balance UK Ltd, who also act as project participant.
‘The individual households and institutions will not act as project participants.’
icipants and will all sign a carbon
rights transfer form confirming that the rights to GHG emission reductions are transferred to the PP as
stoves and kitchen regimes used in institutions
house gas emission to those having considerably less
The pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3-stone wood
have significant GHG emissions with improved stoves having over 50% less GHG emissions.
The term “regime” is used to encompass a range of practices
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
5. ‘Kitchen regimes with significant green
one fuel type and more than one s
shift in the apportionment of fuel types and/or adoption of new fuels and cook
water treatment technology.’
The Kitchen Surveys carried out indicate that wood is the main fuel u
are used in household kitchen regimes. The ‘switch to low emission regimes’ will involve adoption of
new cook stoves and may or may not involve a shift in apportionment of fuel types.
6. ‘The shift may occur in a phased
increase over the project years in adoption of an improved fuel mix, improved stoves and/or
water treatment technology.’
It is intended that the improved cook stoves will be
crediting year of the project activity.
of use of baseline technology by educating local people on the health and environmental benefits of
abandoning inefficient baseline technology entirely.
being maintained free of charge over a 7 year period, along with an education programme and clear
benefits to the households is thought to provide incentive for use over the
7. ‘Low-emission cook-stoves and regimes replace relatively high
Again, the pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3
wood stoves that have significan
emissions. Refer to PDD section B.6.3 for details.
8. ‘The project boundary can be clearly identified, and the stoves counted in the project are not
included in another voluntary market or CDM
The project boundary has been clearly demarcated using political divisions recognised in Kenya. The
stoves counted are individually marked with a project specific identification code that is referenced in al
records relating to the stove, stored in the project proponents’ database. This ensures that the stoves are
not accidentally counted in other project activities.
9. ‘The project is located in a single country
The project is located in Kenya and no other
10. The improved cook-stoves do not number more than ten per kitchen and have a continuous useful
energy outputs of less than 50kW (defined as total energy delivered usefully from start to end of
operation divided by time of operation)
A single stove only will be introduced into each kitchen counted by the proposed project activity. Using
the results of the baseline study, the continuous useful energy output has been estimated at
11. ‘Examples of project technologies are improved biomass stov
The project technology in this case will be an improved biomass stove.
11 Please refer to the file ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
12
‘Kitchen regimes with significant green-house gas emissions may involve the use of more than
one fuel type and more than one stove type, and the switch to low emission regimes may involve a
shift in the apportionment of fuel types and/or adoption of new fuels and cook
water treatment technology.’
The Kitchen Surveys carried out indicate that wood is the main fuel used in the area, although other fuels
are used in household kitchen regimes. The ‘switch to low emission regimes’ will involve adoption of
and may or may not involve a shift in apportionment of fuel types.
‘The shift may occur in a phased manner, a program or project comprising a progressive
increase over the project years in adoption of an improved fuel mix, improved stoves and/or
water treatment technology.’
It is intended that the improved cook stoves will be progressively introduced t
crediting year of the project activity. The project will introduce a mechanism to encourage the cessation
of use of baseline technology by educating local people on the health and environmental benefits of
nt baseline technology entirely. The improved stove being given free of charge and
being maintained free of charge over a 7 year period, along with an education programme and clear
benefits to the households is thought to provide incentive for use over the baseline technology.
stoves and regimes replace relatively high-emissions baseline scenarios
Again, the pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3
wood stoves that have significant GHG emissions with improved stoves having over 50% less GHG
emissions. Refer to PDD section B.6.3 for details.
The project boundary can be clearly identified, and the stoves counted in the project are not
included in another voluntary market or CDM project (i.e. no double-counting takes place)
The project boundary has been clearly demarcated using political divisions recognised in Kenya. The
stoves counted are individually marked with a project specific identification code that is referenced in al
records relating to the stove, stored in the project proponents’ database. This ensures that the stoves are
not accidentally counted in other project activities.
The project is located in a single country’
The project is located in Kenya and no other country.
stoves do not number more than ten per kitchen and have a continuous useful
energy outputs of less than 50kW (defined as total energy delivered usefully from start to end of
operation divided by time of operation)
ve only will be introduced into each kitchen counted by the proposed project activity. Using
the results of the baseline study, the continuous useful energy output has been estimated at
‘Examples of project technologies are improved biomass stoves...’
The project technology in this case will be an improved biomass stove.
Please refer to the file ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’.
Version 03
house gas emissions may involve the use of more than
tove type, and the switch to low emission regimes may involve a
shift in the apportionment of fuel types and/or adoption of new fuels and cook-stoves and/or
sed in the area, although other fuels
are used in household kitchen regimes. The ‘switch to low emission regimes’ will involve adoption of
and may or may not involve a shift in apportionment of fuel types.
manner, a program or project comprising a progressive
increase over the project years in adoption of an improved fuel mix, improved stoves and/or
introduced to the kitchens over the first
The project will introduce a mechanism to encourage the cessation
of use of baseline technology by educating local people on the health and environmental benefits of
The improved stove being given free of charge and
being maintained free of charge over a 7 year period, along with an education programme and clear
baseline technology.
emissions baseline scenarios.’
Again, the pilot project for the proposed project activity has shown that the activity will replace 3-stone
t GHG emissions with improved stoves having over 50% less GHG
The project boundary can be clearly identified, and the stoves counted in the project are not
counting takes place)’
The project boundary has been clearly demarcated using political divisions recognised in Kenya. The
stoves counted are individually marked with a project specific identification code that is referenced in all
records relating to the stove, stored in the project proponents’ database. This ensures that the stoves are
stoves do not number more than ten per kitchen and have a continuous useful
energy outputs of less than 50kW (defined as total energy delivered usefully from start to end of
ve only will be introduced into each kitchen counted by the proposed project activity. Using
the results of the baseline study, the continuous useful energy output has been estimated at 1.72kW.11
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
12. ‘Examples of Baseline technologies are biomass stoves…’
The baseline technology in this case will be an improved biomass stove.
The project will be classified as small
definition laid out by the CDM EB
average annual energy savings of
result in a limitation of wood
the project will determine the maximum
wood saved per stove) to achieve the maximum emission
refer to file ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’ for d
B.3. Description of the project boundary:
The project boundary is determined as
a. The project boundary is defined as the domestic kitchen
recorded.
b. The target area as defined in
c. The Fuel Collection Area
Surveys. The results analysis
local area walking /with
Greenhouse gasses that can be
Source
Base
lin
e
Cooking,
production
of fuel, and
transport of
fuel
Source
Pro
ject
Cooking,
production
of fuel, and
transport of
fuel
12 For full details see file ‘NRB study’ report uploaded to the GS registry and provided to the DoE.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
13
‘Examples of Baseline technologies are biomass stoves…’
The baseline technology in this case will be an improved biomass stove.
ect will be classified as small-scale in accordance with the Gold Standard rules, which follow the
definition laid out by the CDM EB. Small scale energy efficiency projects are defined as producing
energy savings of <60GWhe or <180GWhth per annum. Applying that
wood saved by the project. Likewise, such a maximum
determine the maximum amount of stoves to implement (dependent on the amount of
to achieve the maximum emission reductions claimed for the project scale.
refer to file ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’ for details of these calculations
project boundary:
determined as specified in the methodology.
The project boundary is defined as the domestic kitchens in which each stove is installed,
efined in section A.4.1.4.
The Fuel Collection Area has been defined based on the information gathered by the Kitchen
ults analysis12
showed that the majority of households collect their fuel from the
walking /with donkey cart and the rest buy it locally.
that can be included in the project and baseline are as tabulated below.
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
Cooking,
production
of fuel, and
transport of
CO2 Yes Important source of
emissions
CH4 Yes Important source of
emissions
N2O Yes Can be significant in some
fuels
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
Cooking,
production
of fuel, and
transport of
CO2 Yes Important source of
emissions
CH4 Yes Important source of
emissions
N2O Yes Can be significant in some
fuels
For full details see file ‘NRB study’ report uploaded to the GS registry and provided to the DoE.
Version 03
Standard rules, which follow the
Small scale energy efficiency projects are defined as producing
per annum. Applying that thermal limit will
Likewise, such a maximum amount of wood saved by
(dependent on the amount of
reductions claimed for the project scale. Please
etails of these calculations.
s in which each stove is installed,
has been defined based on the information gathered by the Kitchen
showed that the majority of households collect their fuel from the
included in the project and baseline are as tabulated below.
Justification/Explanation
Important source of
Important source of
Can be significant in some
Justification/Explanation
Important source of
Important source of
Can be significant in some
For full details see file ‘NRB study’ report uploaded to the GS registry and provided to the DoE.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
B.4. Description of baseline and its
The project baseline has been developed in line with the chosen methodology
– Domestic type and category according to the GSV2.1 toolkit.
1. Determine customer groups “or clusters”
Step 1.1: Establish a pilot
A small number (149) of pilot stoves were built in the project area
the purposes of carrying out surveys and tests required for baseline development. A
record (PDR) containing the names and addresses/locations of the stove beneficiaries was created and
stored in the project developer
Step 1.2: Provisionally assess fuel types, fuel mix, and kitchen regimes.
Provisional assessments made by local staff established
project areas is carried out using fir
sellers. 1% of households surveyed later were found to be using charcoal as their main fuel.
In accordance with the methodology
a) Renewable and Non
Wood fuel and charcoal
88% in the project scenario.
b) Renewable energy fuels, sourced or methods with zero green
such as some agricultural residues/coppiced wood, biogas, solar cookers, heat retention
cookers (excluding sustainably produced woody biomass which is cov
above)
one identified
c) Alternative fuels (AF) emitting green
as fossil fuels, dung, some crop residues) defined as fuels which do not fall into the above
two categories
LPG and Kerosene use were identified as used for 7% of cooking events in the baseline and
8% in the project scenario, it is anticipated that these levels will remain under 10% each
year of the crediting period.
The results of the Kitchen Surveys showed that 93% of
for warmth, this dropped slightly to 89% in the project scenario.
13 Refer to ‘KS1 Results looking at fuel split’ excel file.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
14
baseline and its development:
The project baseline has been developed in line with the chosen methodology,
Domestic type and category according to the GSV2.1 toolkit.
1. Determine customer groups “or clusters”
Step 1.1: Establish a pilot distribution record (PDR).
of pilot stoves were built in the project area between 09/07/2010
the purposes of carrying out surveys and tests required for baseline development. A
ng the names and addresses/locations of the stove beneficiaries was created and
stored in the project developer’s database.
Step 1.2: Provisionally assess fuel types, fuel mix, and kitchen regimes.
Provisional assessments made by local staff established that almost exclusively domestic cooking in the
project areas is carried out using firewood fuel gathered from local forests or purchased from firewood
1% of households surveyed later were found to be using charcoal as their main fuel.
accordance with the methodology these have been divided into the following categories:
Renewable and Non-renewable Woody Biomass, which includes all wood
Wood fuel and charcoal were used for 93% of cooking events in the baseline and
ject scenario.13
Renewable energy fuels, sourced or methods with zero green-house gas emissions (RE),
such as some agricultural residues/coppiced wood, biogas, solar cookers, heat retention
cookers (excluding sustainably produced woody biomass which is cov
Alternative fuels (AF) emitting green-house gases during production or combustion (such
as fossil fuels, dung, some crop residues) defined as fuels which do not fall into the above
ene use were identified as used for 7% of cooking events in the baseline and
8% in the project scenario, it is anticipated that these levels will remain under 10% each
year of the crediting period.
The results of the Kitchen Surveys showed that 93% of households in the baseline situation utilised fuel
for warmth, this dropped slightly to 89% in the project scenario.
Refer to ‘KS1 Results looking at fuel split’ excel file.
Version 03
and the Energy Efficiency
09/07/2010 & 12/07/2010 for
the purposes of carrying out surveys and tests required for baseline development. A pilot distribution
ng the names and addresses/locations of the stove beneficiaries was created and
Step 1.2: Provisionally assess fuel types, fuel mix, and kitchen regimes.
that almost exclusively domestic cooking in the
wood fuel gathered from local forests or purchased from firewood
1% of households surveyed later were found to be using charcoal as their main fuel.
these have been divided into the following categories:
renewable Woody Biomass, which includes all wood-fuels.
were used for 93% of cooking events in the baseline and
house gas emissions (RE),
such as some agricultural residues/coppiced wood, biogas, solar cookers, heat retention
cookers (excluding sustainably produced woody biomass which is covered in category (a)
house gases during production or combustion (such
as fossil fuels, dung, some crop residues) defined as fuels which do not fall into the above
ene use were identified as used for 7% of cooking events in the baseline and
8% in the project scenario, it is anticipated that these levels will remain under 10% each
households in the baseline situation utilised fuel
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Step 1.3: Analyze renewability fraction of wood
An assessment was made by C4 Eco
Aberdares region (refer to ‘NRB Study’ separate report
Step 1.4: Divide pilot distribution record (PDR)
No major cluster distinctions were identified at this stage and hence the PDR was not split.
Step 1.5: Carry out a qualitative survey (Kitchen Survey
Kitchen Surveys were carried out
described in the baseline report
standard ‘PHP’ programming language function;
validation purposes.
The results of the surveys were assessed by
the file ‘Baseline Report-Aberdares
“The non-intervention group is very similar to the pilot group, with the notable exception of charcoal
used, and location of cooking (among some other more minor differences). Future KS should expl
highlight these differences which may or may not require them to be categorised as a significantly
different cluster.”
Furthermore, the results of the KS showed:
- Only data from the dry season is presented post installation. Seasonal variations si
installation of the CZ stove will be documented in subsequent KS. The cooking patterns using the
traditional stove shows no significant change between seasons in terms of people cooked for and
number of meals cooked.
- Randomly selected HH for the KP
people as the household size
- In order for the KPT to be representative approximately 55% of the HH should have at least one
child <10.
- The difference in charcoal used between the pilot and non
this may define a discreet cluster in future kitchen surveys. Households using more charcoal and
the pilot group would likely result in lower wood
not be conservative.
- All households enrolled should primarily use firewo
represent the total population survey.
- In order to ensure representative and conservative
KPTs should still be using three stone fires at least once per day; and around 45% still using a
charcoal stove at least once per day.
- It is striking that 80% of households are still using three stone fires alongs
nearly 30% cooking on them three times each day. This raises serious questions about the degree
to which the CZ stoves are being used in households, given that the average number of meals
cooked per day is less than three.
- Generally the location of stove affects personal exposure levels more than total fuel consumption
or GHG emissions. Yet it should
necessitate increased additional use of the stove for space heating in
14 Refer to the file ‘Baseline Report
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
15
Step 1.3: Analyze renewability fraction of wood-fuels.
An assessment was made by C4 Eco Solutions (Pty) Ltd of the renewability fraction
‘NRB Study’ separate report).
Divide pilot distribution record (PDR) into major groups or clusters.
No major cluster distinctions were identified at this stage and hence the PDR was not split.
ep 1.5: Carry out a qualitative survey (Kitchen Survey – KS)
Kitchen Surveys were carried out mid September as directed by the independent consultant
report.14
Survey participants were randomly selected from the PDR
programming language function; this process was documented for each selection for
The results of the surveys were assessed by HED and identified only one cluster for this project
Aberdares-Final V01’ uploaded to the GS registry):
intervention group is very similar to the pilot group, with the notable exception of charcoal
used, and location of cooking (among some other more minor differences). Future KS should expl
highlight these differences which may or may not require them to be categorised as a significantly
he results of the KS showed:
Only data from the dry season is presented post installation. Seasonal variations si
installation of the CZ stove will be documented in subsequent KS. The cooking patterns using the
traditional stove shows no significant change between seasons in terms of people cooked for and
number of meals cooked.
Randomly selected HH for the KPT are likely to provide a representative sample but HH with >9
as the household size should be avoided to achieve a conservative estimate of fuel savings.
In order for the KPT to be representative approximately 55% of the HH should have at least one
The difference in charcoal used between the pilot and non-intervention group should be noted, as
this may define a discreet cluster in future kitchen surveys. Households using more charcoal and
the pilot group would likely result in lower wood fuel savings, so applying the same baseline may
All households enrolled should primarily use firewood to represent the pilot group in order
ent the total population survey.
In order to ensure representative and conservative data, around 80% of households enrolled in
KPTs should still be using three stone fires at least once per day; and around 45% still using a
charcoal stove at least once per day.
It is striking that 80% of households are still using three stone fires alongs
nearly 30% cooking on them three times each day. This raises serious questions about the degree
to which the CZ stoves are being used in households, given that the average number of meals
cooked per day is less than three.
Generally the location of stove affects personal exposure levels more than total fuel consumption
or GHG emissions. Yet it should be considered that cooking in a separate kitchen could
necessitate increased additional use of the stove for space heating in
Baseline Report-Aberdares-Final V01’ uploaded to the GS registry.
Version 03
Solutions (Pty) Ltd of the renewability fraction of wood fuel in the
into major groups or clusters.
No major cluster distinctions were identified at this stage and hence the PDR was not split.
independent consultant HED and as
were randomly selected from the PDR using a
this process was documented for each selection for
ly one cluster for this project (Refer to
intervention group is very similar to the pilot group, with the notable exception of charcoal
used, and location of cooking (among some other more minor differences). Future KS should explore and
highlight these differences which may or may not require them to be categorised as a significantly
Only data from the dry season is presented post installation. Seasonal variations since the
installation of the CZ stove will be documented in subsequent KS. The cooking patterns using the
traditional stove shows no significant change between seasons in terms of people cooked for and
T are likely to provide a representative sample but HH with >9
should be avoided to achieve a conservative estimate of fuel savings.
In order for the KPT to be representative approximately 55% of the HH should have at least one
intervention group should be noted, as
this may define a discreet cluster in future kitchen surveys. Households using more charcoal and
fuel savings, so applying the same baseline may
od to represent the pilot group in order to
data, around 80% of households enrolled in
KPTs should still be using three stone fires at least once per day; and around 45% still using a
It is striking that 80% of households are still using three stone fires alongside the CZ stove, with
nearly 30% cooking on them three times each day. This raises serious questions about the degree
to which the CZ stoves are being used in households, given that the average number of meals
Generally the location of stove affects personal exposure levels more than total fuel consumption
considered that cooking in a separate kitchen could
necessitate increased additional use of the stove for space heating in the main house. However
’ uploaded to the GS registry.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
this does not seem to be the case in the group with a CZ stove, as 90.9% of the people who do not
use their fuel for purposes other than cooking have a separate kitchen. The KPT should include
some households that cook inside the ho
- Lighting was not mentioned by participants and may have required a direct question. It is
assumed some fuel is used for lighting. This theme should be explored in more depth with
subsequent KS as it can potentially have a large impact on fuel consumpt
particularly in a cool wet climate such as Aberdares.
- None of the HH in either study group was using the stove for commercial purposes.
Subsequently, 45 households
conclusions above from the KS results.
made.
Step 1.6: Refine demarcation of clusters and populate Project Database
As the project database is simply the distribution record re
reductions and at this stage only one cluster has been identified, the two records
identical. The ‘project database’ is a separate section of the PPs database
addition of clusters, and recalculation of emission reductions based on the results of monitoring activities.
2. Calculate baseline emissions
Step 2.1: Estimate expected variation and improvement in emission reductions
An appropriate statistical analysis was carried out by
Step 2.2: Specify the units of emission reduction or fuel consumption
The units of emission reduction selected were
Step 2.3: Make quantitative measurements (Kitchen Performance Tests)
Kitchen Performance Tests were carried out
report, using the HHs selected from the previous survey (KS).
sampling criteria for the KPTs. In summary:
• HH with MORE than 9 people should be excluded; otherwise a random selection of HH
sizes are acceptable
• Approx 55% of households should have at least 1 child under 10 years
• HH should primarily use firewood
• 80% of HHs should be using a three stone fire at l
• Approx 45% of HHs should be using a charcoal stove at least once per day
• Around 7% of HHs should cook in the home; the remainder in separate kitchens.
• Be willing to participate in the KT.
Step 2.4: Calculate baseline
A 4-day paired KPT (3 full days or 72 hours monitored, requiring 4 days of visits) was considered to be a
good option. Households were asked to cook as normal during the KPT in order to account for any
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
16
this does not seem to be the case in the group with a CZ stove, as 90.9% of the people who do not
use their fuel for purposes other than cooking have a separate kitchen. The KPT should include
some households that cook inside the house.
Lighting was not mentioned by participants and may have required a direct question. It is
assumed some fuel is used for lighting. This theme should be explored in more depth with
subsequent KS as it can potentially have a large impact on fuel consumpt
particularly in a cool wet climate such as Aberdares.
None of the HH in either study group was using the stove for commercial purposes.
households were randomly selected from the KS group by
clusions above from the KS results. This would produce a conservative assessment of fuel savings
Step 1.6: Refine demarcation of clusters and populate Project Database
As the project database is simply the distribution record re-organised for the c
reductions and at this stage only one cluster has been identified, the two records
The ‘project database’ is a separate section of the PPs database however,
recalculation of emission reductions based on the results of monitoring activities.
2. Calculate baseline emissions
Step 2.1: Estimate expected variation and improvement in emission reductions
An appropriate statistical analysis was carried out by HED and is documented in the
Step 2.2: Specify the units of emission reduction or fuel consumption
The units of emission reduction selected were tCO2e/stove/year.
Step 2.3: Make quantitative measurements (Kitchen Performance Tests)
Performance Tests were carried out mid-October as specified and documented in the baseline
using the HHs selected from the previous survey (KS). The previous section has presented the
sampling criteria for the KPTs. In summary:
HH with MORE than 9 people should be excluded; otherwise a random selection of HH
Approx 55% of households should have at least 1 child under 10 years
HH should primarily use firewood
80% of HHs should be using a three stone fire at least once per day
Approx 45% of HHs should be using a charcoal stove at least once per day
Around 7% of HHs should cook in the home; the remainder in separate kitchens.
Be willing to participate in the KT.
Step 2.4: Calculate baseline
(3 full days or 72 hours monitored, requiring 4 days of visits) was considered to be a
Households were asked to cook as normal during the KPT in order to account for any
Version 03
this does not seem to be the case in the group with a CZ stove, as 90.9% of the people who do not
use their fuel for purposes other than cooking have a separate kitchen. The KPT should include
Lighting was not mentioned by participants and may have required a direct question. It is
assumed some fuel is used for lighting. This theme should be explored in more depth with
subsequent KS as it can potentially have a large impact on fuel consumption and GHG emissions
None of the HH in either study group was using the stove for commercial purposes.
were randomly selected from the KS group by HED according to the
would produce a conservative assessment of fuel savings
Step 1.6: Refine demarcation of clusters and populate Project Database
organised for the calculation of emission
reductions and at this stage only one cluster has been identified, the two records were at this stage
however, and allows for the
recalculation of emission reductions based on the results of monitoring activities.
Step 2.1: Estimate expected variation and improvement in emission reductions
is documented in the baseline report.
Step 2.3: Make quantitative measurements (Kitchen Performance Tests)
as specified and documented in the baseline
The previous section has presented the
HH with MORE than 9 people should be excluded; otherwise a random selection of HH
Approx 55% of households should have at least 1 child under 10 years
east once per day
Approx 45% of HHs should be using a charcoal stove at least once per day
Around 7% of HHs should cook in the home; the remainder in separate kitchens.
(3 full days or 72 hours monitored, requiring 4 days of visits) was considered to be a
Households were asked to cook as normal during the KPT in order to account for any
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
retained use of a baseline stove.
section B.6.3. and the fuel savings identified by the KPT shown below.
Leakage
As specified in the chosen methodology the following sources of leakage have been assessed for this
project.
a) Some users of the efficient stoves respond to
increasing consumption of fuels with GHG emission characteristics
stoves, to the extent that project emissions are higher
cooking energy is constant. This is
This is accounted for by the design of the KPT and KS, as
residual use of retained baseline technology
b) The project activity stimulates increased use of a high emission fuel either for cooking or
purposes outside the project boundary (as would be the case for example if
an increase in 7RB consumption
activity).
15
In accordance with the methodology
as it can be demonstrated that a mechanism is put in place by the PP to provide an incentive for the surrendering of
the old stoves by beneficiaries. Th
with no intrinsic form or value i.e. three stones, and b) where the project technology is exchanged for carbon rights
only (no monetary exchange). Based on the incentive for
reduces fuel costs or time spent collecting fuel, the PP will monitor use of stoves as part of the quarterly monitoring
Kitchen Survey (MKS), including reasons for no use or retained use of baseline
use of baseline technology is determined, the PP will re
accordingly.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
17
retained use of a baseline stove.15
The baseline and project emissions calculations are documented in PDD
and the fuel savings identified by the KPT shown below.
kg/HH/day
Firewood Comsumption 3-stone stove 7.38
Saving Adj for lower bound of 90% confidence 2.23
Therefore, t/HH/year
Firewood Consumption 3-stone stove 2.69
Saving Adj for lower bound of 90% confidence 0.81
As specified in the chosen methodology the following sources of leakage have been assessed for this
a) Some users of the efficient stoves respond to the fuel savings associated with higher efficiency
increasing consumption of fuels with GHG emission characteristics by retaining some use of inefficient
stoves, to the extent that project emissions are higher than those calculated from the assum
cooking energy is constant. This is sometimes referred to as the ‘rebound’ effect.
This is accounted for by the design of the KPT and KS, as they include relevant questions to assess
residual use of retained baseline technology, refer to the footnote on this page also
b) The project activity stimulates increased use of a high emission fuel either for cooking or
purposes outside the project boundary (as would be the case for example if efficient cooking stimulated
consumption - possibly because the 7RB fuel becomes cheaper due to the project
ance with the methodology, the use of baseline stoves along with the improved stoves is allowed as long
as it can be demonstrated that a mechanism is put in place by the PP to provide an incentive for the surrendering of
the old stoves by beneficiaries. There is an issue in applying this concept to a project a) replacing baseline stoves
with no intrinsic form or value i.e. three stones, and b) where the project technology is exchanged for carbon rights
only (no monetary exchange). Based on the incentive for the beneficiary being intrinsic to the technology, which
reduces fuel costs or time spent collecting fuel, the PP will monitor use of stoves as part of the quarterly monitoring
Kitchen Survey (MKS), including reasons for no use or retained use of baseline technology. If significant retained
use of baseline technology is determined, the PP will re-visit the incentive situation and make modifications
Version 03
lculations are documented in PDD
As specified in the chosen methodology the following sources of leakage have been assessed for this
the fuel savings associated with higher efficiency stoves by
by retaining some use of inefficient
than those calculated from the assumption that
sometimes referred to as the ‘rebound’ effect.
they include relevant questions to assess
footnote on this page also.
b) The project activity stimulates increased use of a high emission fuel either for cooking or for other
efficient cooking stimulated
7RB fuel becomes cheaper due to the project
the use of baseline stoves along with the improved stoves is allowed as long
as it can be demonstrated that a mechanism is put in place by the PP to provide an incentive for the surrendering of
ere is an issue in applying this concept to a project a) replacing baseline stoves
with no intrinsic form or value i.e. three stones, and b) where the project technology is exchanged for carbon rights
the beneficiary being intrinsic to the technology, which
reduces fuel costs or time spent collecting fuel, the PP will monitor use of stoves as part of the quarterly monitoring
technology. If significant retained
ituation and make modifications
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Householders targeted by the project
the fuel in question is not part of an economic market
on the NRB is unlikely to result in increased use of the fuel outside of the project area. In any case the
NRB fraction will be periodically
changes in the future.
c) By virtue of promotion and marketing of a new model and type of stove with high
stimulates substitution of a cooking fuel or stove type with
commonly using a cooking fuel or stove
is not eligible as an evolving baseline.
All stove recipients cook on 3 stone fires, in which case the only scenario producing this leakage would
be a recipient reducing use of renewable fuels such as crop residues. This will be captured through
monitoring KS and KPTs.
d) The project population compensates for loss of the space heating effect of inefficient
adopting some other form of heating or b
This is possible in some areas covered by the project, any compensation will however be covered in the
results of the KPT (which encompasses all wood
other fuels for space heating)
e) The traditional stoves displaced are re
than would have occurred in the absence of the project.
In all cases the traditional stoves replaced are three rocks
product as such. There is nothing limiting the use of three stone cooking across the country
is lowest, price is zero), which is why this
therefore be discounted.
f) Significant emissions from transportation or construction involved in the project activity,
emissions associated with production/transport of the efficient stoves
of project fuels (for example briquette manufacture
An assessment of project construction
data Aberdares v.02’. All bricks and liners used
manufactured into bricks and the liner in the same factory in Mombasa, 700 km a
area. Both bricks and liners, are transported by truck (10 tonne to 48 tonne truck types) into the pro
area where stocked up in a central storage till a pick up truck delivers them to the communities. Emissions
from production and transportation are
potential impact of construction materials used is detailed also.
of fuel (likely zero) will only decrease with the implementation of the project which will reduce fuel
consumption.
g) The non-renewable biomass
who previously used renewable energy sources.
There is no evidence to suggest significant (if any) use of renewable energy for cooking in the project
region as found in the Kitchen Surveys. As solar ovens are not available, renewable energy use for
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
18
Householders targeted by the project do buy wood as well as collect it for free from the surroundings.
the fuel in question is not part of an economic market outside the project boundary
on the NRB is unlikely to result in increased use of the fuel outside of the project area. In any case the
periodically monitored as requested by the methodology
c) By virtue of promotion and marketing of a new model and type of stove with high
stimulates substitution of a cooking fuel or stove type with relatively high emissions by households who
cooking fuel or stove type with relatively lower emissions, in cases where such a trend
evolving baseline.
All stove recipients cook on 3 stone fires, in which case the only scenario producing this leakage would
reducing use of renewable fuels such as crop residues. This will be captured through
d) The project population compensates for loss of the space heating effect of inefficient
adopting some other form of heating or by retaining some use of inefficient stoves.
This is possible in some areas covered by the project, any compensation will however be covered in the
(which encompasses all wood-fuel use) and the KS (which will pick up on any use of
and so this need not be separately assessed.
e) The traditional stoves displaced are re-used outside the boundary in a manner suggesting
than would have occurred in the absence of the project.
nal stoves replaced are three rocks; these have no market value and are not a
product as such. There is nothing limiting the use of three stone cooking across the country
, which is why this cooking method is so widespread. This
f) Significant emissions from transportation or construction involved in the project activity,
associated with production/transport of the efficient stoves themselves, or
of project fuels (for example briquette manufacture and supply may be energy-
construction emissions has been made and is detailed in
ricks and liners used are fired clay. The raw material (clay) is extracted and
manufactured into bricks and the liner in the same factory in Mombasa, 700 km a
bricks and liners, are transported by truck (10 tonne to 48 tonne truck types) into the pro
area where stocked up in a central storage till a pick up truck delivers them to the communities. Emissions
from production and transportation are assessed in ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’
potential impact of construction materials used is detailed also. Any emissions associated with delivery
of fuel (likely zero) will only decrease with the implementation of the project which will reduce fuel
renewable biomass saved under the project activity is used by non
who previously used renewable energy sources.
There is no evidence to suggest significant (if any) use of renewable energy for cooking in the project
region as found in the Kitchen Surveys. As solar ovens are not available, renewable energy use for
Version 03
do buy wood as well as collect it for free from the surroundings. As
tside the project boundary, reduction in pressure
on the NRB is unlikely to result in increased use of the fuel outside of the project area. In any case the
as requested by the methodology and used to inform of any
c) By virtue of promotion and marketing of a new model and type of stove with high efficiency, the project
relatively high emissions by households who
type with relatively lower emissions, in cases where such a trend
All stove recipients cook on 3 stone fires, in which case the only scenario producing this leakage would
reducing use of renewable fuels such as crop residues. This will be captured through
d) The project population compensates for loss of the space heating effect of inefficient cook-stoves by
inefficient stoves.
This is possible in some areas covered by the project, any compensation will however be covered in the
(which will pick up on any use of
used outside the boundary in a manner suggesting more usage
these have no market value and are not a
product as such. There is nothing limiting the use of three stone cooking across the country (technology
read. This leakage source can
f) Significant emissions from transportation or construction involved in the project activity, including
themselves, or production/transport
-intensive).
has been made and is detailed in ‘PDD supplementary
fired clay. The raw material (clay) is extracted and
manufactured into bricks and the liner in the same factory in Mombasa, 700 km away from the project
bricks and liners, are transported by truck (10 tonne to 48 tonne truck types) into the project
area where stocked up in a central storage till a pick up truck delivers them to the communities. Emissions
‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares v.02’; the
Any emissions associated with delivery
of fuel (likely zero) will only decrease with the implementation of the project which will reduce fuel
saved under the project activity is used by non-project households/users
There is no evidence to suggest significant (if any) use of renewable energy for cooking in the project
region as found in the Kitchen Surveys. As solar ovens are not available, renewable energy use for
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
cooking would likely be use of animal dung or crop r
availability/proximity to the home rather than due to a shortage of wood fuel
independent factor. This leakage source can therefore be discounted.
h) The non-renewable biomass saved under the p
project activities.
To the best knowledge of the project proponent there are at present no similar projects registered under
the GS or CDM within the project area, this source of leakage is therefor
developing similar projects within the host country however these are all being carefully developed
through an electronic database available along the project period
In summary, risks a), c) & d)
& g) are discounted, risk f) is subsumed in annex 3,
database.
Thus the total leakage factor applied is
further leakage in future years after the first one is not expected.
B.5. Description of how the anthropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below
those that would have occurred in the abs
There has not been a previous announcement that the project activity would go ahead without the
Standard. The project activity is financed upfront for future Gold Standard VERs as the only sou
funding and so the project activity could not go ahead without VER revenues.
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and assessment of
additionality (Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible
Step 1: Identification of alternative
regulations.
Sub-step 1a: define alternatives to the project activity:
Alternative 1: Stoves are designed, marketed,
as a Gold Standard VER project.
Under this alternative scenario the project would proceed as laid out in this document.
This would provide the same energy output,
livelihoods and other contributions to sustainable development identified.
some retained use of baseline stove for occasional heating purposes as identified in the
baseline study
Alternative 2: Continuation of the current situation
Without the intervention of the project and use of carbon finance it is
status quo will change
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
19
cooking would likely be use of animal dung or crop residues which will be used due to ease of
availability/proximity to the home rather than due to a shortage of wood fuel
This leakage source can therefore be discounted.
renewable biomass saved under the project activity is used to justify the baseline
To the best knowledge of the project proponent there are at present no similar projects registered under
the GS or CDM within the project area, this source of leakage is therefore avoided.
developing similar projects within the host country however these are all being carefully developed
through an electronic database available along the project period in order to avoid any conflicting issues.
& d) are subsumed by the KPT, risk b) is subsumed by the NRB
discounted, risk f) is subsumed in annex 3, and finally, risk h) is subsumed by the electronic
Thus the total leakage factor applied is 0.0179 tCO2/stove for the first year of the project
further leakage in future years after the first one is not expected.
Description of how the anthropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below
those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered small-scale
There has not been a previous announcement that the project activity would go ahead without the
tandard. The project activity is financed upfront for future Gold Standard VERs as the only sou
funding and so the project activity could not go ahead without VER revenues.
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and assessment of
(Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible
Step 1: Identification of alternatives to the project activity consistent with current laws and
step 1a: define alternatives to the project activity:
designed, marketed, built and distributed by a stove builder without registering
as a Gold Standard VER project.
Under this alternative scenario the project would proceed as laid out in this document.
provide the same energy output, result in the biomass savings, improved
livelihoods and other contributions to sustainable development identified.
some retained use of baseline stove for occasional heating purposes as identified in the
study.
Continuation of the current situation – use of traditional cooking with 3
Without the intervention of the project and use of carbon finance it is
will change.
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esidues which will be used due to ease of
availability/proximity to the home rather than due to a shortage of wood fuel, therefore being an
roject activity is used to justify the baseline of other
To the best knowledge of the project proponent there are at present no similar projects registered under
e avoided. The proponent is
developing similar projects within the host country however these are all being carefully developed
to avoid any conflicting issues.
, risk b) is subsumed by the NRB analysis, risk e)
and finally, risk h) is subsumed by the electronic
tCO2/stove for the first year of the project only. Thus,
Description of how the anthropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below
scale CDM project activity:
There has not been a previous announcement that the project activity would go ahead without the Gold
tandard. The project activity is financed upfront for future Gold Standard VERs as the only source of
Additionality is demonstrated using the UNFCCC Tool for the demonstration and assessment of
(Version 05.2) which shows that the project would not be possible without VER revenues.
to the project activity consistent with current laws and
distributed by a stove builder without registering
Under this alternative scenario the project would proceed as laid out in this document.
result in the biomass savings, improved
livelihoods and other contributions to sustainable development identified. There may be
some retained use of baseline stove for occasional heating purposes as identified in the
traditional cooking with 3-stone fireplaces.
Without the intervention of the project and use of carbon finance it is unlikely that the
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Outcome of sub-step 1a: Two realistic and credible alternatives to the project activity have been
identified.
Sub-step 1b: Consistency with mandatory laws and regulatory
In Kenya there is no law or regulation that applies to the efficiency of cooking stoves or that requires th
use of efficient stoves, and none is expected to be introduced during the project hence all cook stove
distribution is a voluntary action.
compliance with the mandatory laws and regulations i
Outcome of sub-step 1b: Two realistic and credible alternative scenarios to the project activity that are
in compliance with mandatory legislation and regulations taking into account the enforcement in the
region and EB decisions on national a
Step 2: Investment Analysis
Sub-step 2a: Determine appropriate analysis method
As the proposed project activity generates no financial or economic benefits
the simple cost analysis (option
Sub-step 2b: Option I. Apply simple cost analysis
The costs associated with the proposed activity and
which will demonstrate that at least one alternative is less costly than the proposed activity.
Proposed activity
Despite the development of various improved stoves within Kenya
very low penetration of the technology in rural wood
The rocket-stove cost price is
provided to the DoE.
Material
Fired Clay Bricks
Liner
Metal Plate
Normal Cement
Sodium silicate
Lime
Sand
Vermiculite
Contractors (design/ supervision)
Mason
Total (
16 http://www.hedon.info/WomenAnd
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
20
Two realistic and credible alternatives to the project activity have been
step 1b: Consistency with mandatory laws and regulatory
In Kenya there is no law or regulation that applies to the efficiency of cooking stoves or that requires th
use of efficient stoves, and none is expected to be introduced during the project hence all cook stove
distribution is a voluntary action. Hence the alternatives identified in Sub-step 1a above are in
compliance with the mandatory laws and regulations in Kenya.
Two realistic and credible alternative scenarios to the project activity that are
in compliance with mandatory legislation and regulations taking into account the enforcement in the
region and EB decisions on national and/or sectoral policies and regulations have been identified.
Step 2: Investment Analysis
step 2a: Determine appropriate analysis method
As the proposed project activity generates no financial or economic benefits other than the VER revenues,
the simple cost analysis (option I) will be applied, as suggested by the additionality tool
step 2b: Option I. Apply simple cost analysis
The costs associated with the proposed activity and alternatives identified in Step 1
which will demonstrate that at least one alternative is less costly than the proposed activity.
Despite the development of various improved stoves within Kenya over the last 3
of the technology in rural wood-burning households (referenced in barrier analysis)
stove cost price is €17 (breakdown cost is shown below; supporting evidence has been
Material Qty Unit Unit Cost (€)
Fired Clay Bricks 45 Bricks € 0.06
Liner 1 - € 1.07
Metal Plate 1 - € 2.68
Normal Cement 0.2 Bag -
Sodium silicate 0 Kg € 2.68
Lime 0 Bag € 4.02
Sand 0.3 Barrow -
Vermiculite 0 Bag € 6.26
Contractors (design/ supervision) - stove € 4.47
Mason 1 stove € 5.10
Total (€)
http://www.hedon.info/WomenAndEnergyProject-Kenya
Version 03
Two realistic and credible alternatives to the project activity have been
In Kenya there is no law or regulation that applies to the efficiency of cooking stoves or that requires the
use of efficient stoves, and none is expected to be introduced during the project hence all cook stove
step 1a above are in
Two realistic and credible alternative scenarios to the project activity that are
in compliance with mandatory legislation and regulations taking into account the enforcement in the
nd/or sectoral policies and regulations have been identified.
other than the VER revenues,
, as suggested by the additionality tool.
identified in Step 1 are documented here
which will demonstrate that at least one alternative is less costly than the proposed activity.
over the last 30 years16
, there has been
(referenced in barrier analysis).
is shown below; supporting evidence has been
Total (€)
€ 2.82
€ 1.07
€ 2.68
€ 0.89
€ 0.00
€ 0.00
€ 0.27
€ 0.00
€ 4.47
€ 5.10
€ 17
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
In line with the estimated distribution potential of
area this would require funding of
issued to the proponent over the first 7 years of the project (after GS deductions). Retailing the VERs at
€8 each (indicative estimated price)
burden of putting the project through the Gold Standard as well as making the project an investment
opportunity for financiers.
Alternative 1
Under this alternative scenario the project would be im
would incur the same build costs of
or other carbon financing mechanism this would have to be funded in another manner, either by sales or
charitable donations.
A brief assessment of the ability of householders to fund their own stove has been made
the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 53% of Kenya’s rural population live below
the poverty line.17
The average income in Kenya
the rural poor 83% of the household budget is spent on food
A Ministry of Energy study found the cost of firewood to stand between 77KSh/tonne and
1,200KSh/tonne. Also, at the national level,
remove firewood at a cost of KES39
analysed individually: if buying fuel at low price estimate, if buying fuel at
collection of fuel paying permit and if own collection of fuel not paying permit.
Calculations have been made
stove at the cost price of €17
on the data tabulated below for the three possible situations stated abo
which would be the best scenario economically.
Average income (K
Average income (K
Proportion of income spent on food (%)
Fuel price 1 = low estimation (K
Fuel price
Permit cost (K
Permit cost (K
Cost of rocket stoveTable showing initial data used to assess the study below.
17 http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/guest/country/home/tags/kenya
http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/ess/documents/food_security_statistics/country_profiles/eng/Kenya_E.pdf
18 http://www.soko-kenya.com/SOKO_Proposal.pdf
19 http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/kenya_statistics.html
20 “Kenya: Integrated assessment of the
http://www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL.pdf21
“study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industrie
establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, 2002
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
21
ed distribution potential of 51,033 improved cook stoves in the defined project
a this would require funding of €882,785. In this scenario a proposed total of
issued to the proponent over the first 7 years of the project (after GS deductions). Retailing the VERs at
(indicative estimated price) would provide a surplus of €3.8m, sufficient to cover the additional
burden of putting the project through the Gold Standard as well as making the project an investment
Under this alternative scenario the project would be implemented as per the proposed activity and thus
would incur the same build costs of €882,785. However, without registration through the Gold Standard
or other carbon financing mechanism this would have to be funded in another manner, either by sales or
A brief assessment of the ability of householders to fund their own stove has been made
the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 53% of Kenya’s rural population live below
The average income in Kenya is KES4,000 – KES4,250 per month
the rural poor 83% of the household budget is spent on food20
.
A Ministry of Energy study found the cost of firewood to stand between 77KSh/tonne and
1,200KSh/tonne. Also, at the national level, many householders are able to purchase a monthly permit to
firewood at a cost of KES39/month21
or for free from the local area.
if buying fuel at low price estimate, if buying fuel at
of fuel paying permit and if own collection of fuel not paying permit.
Calculations have been made to assess the ability of households in the target area to purchase a rocket
(breakdown cost available in the supplementary excel sheet info file) based
on the data tabulated below for the three possible situations stated above plus the free collection option,
which would be the best scenario economically.
Average income (KES/month) 4,250
Average income (KES/year) 51,000
Proportion of income spent on food (%) 83%
Fuel price 1 = low estimation (KES/tonne) 77
Fuel price 2 = high estimation (KES/tonne) 1,200
Permit cost (KES/month) 39
Permit cost (KES/year) 468
Cost of rocket stove (KES) 1,935Table showing initial data used to assess the study below.
http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/guest/country/home/tags/kenya
http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/ess/documents/food_security_statistics/country_profiles/eng/Kenya_E.pdf
kenya.com/SOKO_Proposal.pdf
http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/kenya_statistics.html
Kenya: Integrated assessment of the Energy Policy”, UNEP, 2006 :
http://www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL.pdf
“study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industrie
establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, 2002
Version 03
improved cook stoves in the defined project
In this scenario a proposed total of 443,748VERs will be
issued to the proponent over the first 7 years of the project (after GS deductions). Retailing the VERs at
m, sufficient to cover the additional
burden of putting the project through the Gold Standard as well as making the project an investment
plemented as per the proposed activity and thus
. However, without registration through the Gold Standard
or other carbon financing mechanism this would have to be funded in another manner, either by sales or
A brief assessment of the ability of householders to fund their own stove has been made: According to
the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 53% of Kenya’s rural population live below
250 per month18,19
(~€40), and for
A Ministry of Energy study found the cost of firewood to stand between 77KSh/tonne and
householders are able to purchase a monthly permit to
Thus the four options were
if buying fuel at low price estimate, if buying fuel at high price estimate, if own
of fuel paying permit and if own collection of fuel not paying permit.
to assess the ability of households in the target area to purchase a rocket
(breakdown cost available in the supplementary excel sheet info file) based
ve plus the free collection option,
4,250
51,000
1,200
1,935 Table showing initial data used to assess the study below.
http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/ess/documents/food_security_statistics/country_profiles/eng/Kenya_E.pdf
“study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and service
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Therefore, for the three possible scenarios stated above plus the
the best scenario economically, the different fuel costs to calculate the average household income
remaining after meeting the basic needs of fuel and food were projected. The cost of a rocket stove as a
proportion of this remaining income was then calculated and is shown in the table below. Each scenario
was assessed independently:
The results show that, based in the fuel use
conservative scenarios householders wishing to purchase a stove would have to save at least
remaining income for a year (calculations available in the supplementary excel info file). This does not
take into account any of the other costs of living such as clothing and schooling, it seems most likely then
that the majority of householders would not be able to independently purchase a rocket stove.
Alternatively the project could rely on charitable donations, however
small scale and sporadically when donor funding is available.
This alternative is likely to be more costly than the proposed activity.
Alternative 2
There are no costs associated with the continuation of cooking on a 3 stone
clearly less costly than the proposed activity.
It is concluded that the proposed activity is more costly than at least
so the assessment can proceed
apply Step 3: Barrier Analysis also.
Step 3: Barrier Analysis
Sub-step 3a: Identify barriers that would prevent the implementation of the proposed
activity:
(a) Investment barriers
Government funding
This is discussed in step 4 below.
Private funding
Significant up-front investment has been required to research, test and develop an appropriate
stove for the rural Kenyan situation. A study by the World Bank found that 53% of small
business in Kenya identified
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
22
Therefore, for the three possible scenarios stated above plus the free collection option, which would be
the best scenario economically, the different fuel costs to calculate the average household income
remaining after meeting the basic needs of fuel and food were projected. The cost of a rocket stove as a
this remaining income was then calculated and is shown in the table below. Each scenario
Fuel use (t/hh/year) 2.90
If buys fuel: low estim 23%
If buys fuel: high estim 37%
If collects: paying permit 24%
If collects: free collection 22% Table showing cost of rocket stove as % of annual
HH income after purchasing food and fuel.
The results show that, based in the fuel use determined in the baseline study
conservative scenarios householders wishing to purchase a stove would have to save at least
remaining income for a year (calculations available in the supplementary excel info file). This does not
he other costs of living such as clothing and schooling, it seems most likely then
that the majority of householders would not be able to independently purchase a rocket stove.
Alternatively the project could rely on charitable donations, however this would
when donor funding is available.
This alternative is likely to be more costly than the proposed activity.
There are no costs associated with the continuation of cooking on a 3 stone
clearly less costly than the proposed activity.
t is concluded that the proposed activity is more costly than at least one alternative
the assessment can proceed to Step 4 (Common practice analysis). The proponent has opted to
: Barrier Analysis also.
step 3a: Identify barriers that would prevent the implementation of the proposed
Investment barriers
discussed in step 4 below.
front investment has been required to research, test and develop an appropriate
stove for the rural Kenyan situation. A study by the World Bank found that 53% of small
business in Kenya identified access to finance as a major business constraint, ranking this as the
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free collection option, which would be
the best scenario economically, the different fuel costs to calculate the average household income
remaining after meeting the basic needs of fuel and food were projected. The cost of a rocket stove as a
this remaining income was then calculated and is shown in the table below. Each scenario
determined in the baseline study, even in the most
conservative scenarios householders wishing to purchase a stove would have to save at least 22% of their
remaining income for a year (calculations available in the supplementary excel info file). This does not
he other costs of living such as clothing and schooling, it seems most likely then
that the majority of householders would not be able to independently purchase a rocket stove.
ould only be possible for a
fire, thus this alternative is
one alternative (Alternative 2),
he proponent has opted to
step 3a: Identify barriers that would prevent the implementation of the proposed GS VER project
front investment has been required to research, test and develop an appropriate
stove for the rural Kenyan situation. A study by the World Bank found that 53% of small
access to finance as a major business constraint, ranking this as the
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
second largest obstacle, 83% of small businesses rely on internal funding/returns for investment.
Given this, it is unlikely that a source of funding could be found for a start
proposed.
The proposed project activity is being developed by co2balance UK Ltd.
established in 2003 in the carbon of
organisation, will manage the implementation of the
Co2balance UK Ltd has a number of offices and permanent employees, established with funding
obtained from retail sales of carbon, shareholders and private investors.
all investment made) is based around the existence of
without which projects would be cash negative as the stoves are
legal ownership of the co
be made in a single Kenyan S
As for obtaining private investment in such a business, s
political and economic environment
has a credit rating of ‘B
downgraded after the post
The poor credit rating embodies aspects of political instability and wide
2009, The World Bank Institute
aspects as political stability, corruption, rule of law, and government effectiveness from 1996 to
2008. The rating is displayed as a percentile and interpreted as the percentage of countries
rank below the one in question. Concerning “Political Stability and Absence of Violence” in
Kenya in 2008, the report stated, with 90 per cent confidence, that 80 per cent of countries are
more stable and less violent then Kenya. Additionally, 70 per
perform better than Kenya in “Control of Corruption” in 2008 with 90 per cent confidence.
Finally, a study by the World Bank found that 53% of small business in Kenya identified access
to finance as a major business constr
businesses rely on internal funding/returns for investment.
develop market efficient cook stoves are significant, and until a reduction in costs could be
proven, there would be no market. Given this financial case, for such a business it is unlikely that
a source of funding could be found.
In summary, there is no or insufficient private capital due to the actual or perceived risk of
conducting business in the
22 http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/CustomQuery/Country.aspx?econom
23 Kenya’s Credit Rating Outlook Raised to ’Stable’ by S&P 2008, March 10th).
www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601116&sid=aGLaHAcFh8sQ&refer=africa
24 Governance Matters 2009: Country Data Report for Kenya, 1998
http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/pdf/c116.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
23
second largest obstacle, 83% of small businesses rely on internal funding/returns for investment.
Given this, it is unlikely that a source of funding could be found for a start
The proposed project activity is being developed by co2balance UK Ltd.
established in 2003 in the carbon offset industry. Carbon Zero Kenya Ltd, a separate
organisation, will manage the implementation of the project activity.
has a number of offices and permanent employees, established with funding
obtained from retail sales of carbon, shareholders and private investors.
all investment made) is based around the existence of carbon revenues as a source of income,
without which projects would be cash negative as the stoves are exchanged for a householders
legal ownership of the co2e emissions reductions. This level of investment made would unlikely
be made in a single Kenyan SME with the same business model.
As for obtaining private investment in such a business, studies, reports, and surveys show that the
political and economic environment in Kenya is not ideal for foreign investment. Kenya currently
has a credit rating of ‘B’, which is five levels below investment grade.
downgraded after the post-election violence in 2007/2008.
The poor credit rating embodies aspects of political instability and wide
2009, The World Bank Institute published governance ratings for Kenya. The report covers such
aspects as political stability, corruption, rule of law, and government effectiveness from 1996 to
2008. The rating is displayed as a percentile and interpreted as the percentage of countries
rank below the one in question. Concerning “Political Stability and Absence of Violence” in
Kenya in 2008, the report stated, with 90 per cent confidence, that 80 per cent of countries are
more stable and less violent then Kenya. Additionally, 70 per cent of countries were shown to
perform better than Kenya in “Control of Corruption” in 2008 with 90 per cent confidence.
Finally, a study by the World Bank found that 53% of small business in Kenya identified access
to finance as a major business constraint, ranking this as the second largest obstacle, 83% of small
businesses rely on internal funding/returns for investment.25
The up
develop market efficient cook stoves are significant, and until a reduction in costs could be
n, there would be no market. Given this financial case, for such a business it is unlikely that
a source of funding could be found.
In summary, there is no or insufficient private capital due to the actual or perceived risk of
conducting business in the host country, Kenya.
http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/CustomQuery/Country.aspx?economyid=101&year=2007&characteristic=size
Kenya’s Credit Rating Outlook Raised to ’Stable’ by S&P 2008, March 10th). Bloomberg
/news?pid=20601116&sid=aGLaHAcFh8sQ&refer=africa
Governance Matters 2009: Country Data Report for Kenya, 1998-2008 (2009, June).
http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/pdf/c116.pdf
Version 03
second largest obstacle, 83% of small businesses rely on internal funding/returns for investment.22
Given this, it is unlikely that a source of funding could be found for a start-up business as
The proposed project activity is being developed by co2balance UK Ltd. a private business
fset industry. Carbon Zero Kenya Ltd, a separate
has a number of offices and permanent employees, established with funding
obtained from retail sales of carbon, shareholders and private investors. The business model (and
carbon revenues as a source of income,
exchanged for a householders
. This level of investment made would unlikely
tudies, reports, and surveys show that the
is not ideal for foreign investment. Kenya currently
which is five levels below investment grade.23
The credit rating was
The poor credit rating embodies aspects of political instability and wide-spread corruption. In
published governance ratings for Kenya. The report covers such
aspects as political stability, corruption, rule of law, and government effectiveness from 1996 to
2008. The rating is displayed as a percentile and interpreted as the percentage of countries that
rank below the one in question. Concerning “Political Stability and Absence of Violence” in
Kenya in 2008, the report stated, with 90 per cent confidence, that 80 per cent of countries are
cent of countries were shown to
perform better than Kenya in “Control of Corruption” in 2008 with 90 per cent confidence.24
Finally, a study by the World Bank found that 53% of small business in Kenya identified access
aint, ranking this as the second largest obstacle, 83% of small
The up-front costs required to
develop market efficient cook stoves are significant, and until a reduction in costs could be
n, there would be no market. Given this financial case, for such a business it is unlikely that
In summary, there is no or insufficient private capital due to the actual or perceived risk of
yid=101&year=2007&characteristic=size
Bloomberg, Retrieved from
2008 (2009, June). World Bank Institute.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
(b) Technological barriers
Although the generic
to overcome the numerous
Investment is required in
materials; transportation of materials; education programme, amongst other things.
there is existing ceramic manufacturing capacity within the countr
specific components
utilised would not have been developed without the anticipated carbon finance.
product quality is also an important fa
Ceramic Jiko (KCJ)
urban dwellers. It has been found that although widely disseminated, the product efficiency and
durability has dwindled due to a lack of enforced standards and cost
in the market.26
Despite the presence of improved cook stoves in Kenya for 30 years
stoves in rural Kenya
typically using inefficient
barriers.2930
Clearly marketing and education is required to encourage the uptake and continued
use of improved stoves, this is a challenge in the rural communities of the proposed activities.
Skilled labour: In addition there is a lack of an adequately trained local workforce capable of
constructing and maintaining stoves at present
technology to be utilised
capacity to be built due to the financial barriers stated above.
(c) Barriers due to prevailing practice
Habitual use of traditional stoves imposes a very strong influence on the baseline scenario,
resulting in continuation of use of tradi
introduce improved cook
dwelling charcoal users.
Although significant efforts have been made to produce an improved stove that is similar in use to
three stone cooking, there remain some differences in the way a user must approach cooking.
Without community-based staff
widespread adoption would occur.
26 Pg. 56“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, Sept 2002.
27 http://www.hedon.info/WomenAndEnergyProject
28 Pg. 55“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya
29 http://www.hedon.info/RocketMudStovesInKenya
30 www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
24
Technological barriers Inter alia
‘rocket stove’ technology is not new, significant funding has been
the numerous technological barriers to implementation
required in: researching, developing and testing the design
materials; transportation of materials; education programme, amongst other things.
there is existing ceramic manufacturing capacity within the country,
that have been developed for the project. The specific technology to be
utilised would not have been developed without the anticipated carbon finance.
product quality is also an important factor to consider, especially in light of the successful Kenya
which is independently produced and marketed for charcoal consuming
urban dwellers. It has been found that although widely disseminated, the product efficiency and
has dwindled due to a lack of enforced standards and cost-
Despite the presence of improved cook stoves in Kenya for 30 years27
stoves in rural Kenya is not widespread (estimated at 4% penetration
inefficient three stone fires due to a number of technological and financial
Clearly marketing and education is required to encourage the uptake and continued
toves, this is a challenge in the rural communities of the proposed activities.
Skilled labour: In addition there is a lack of an adequately trained local workforce capable of
constructing and maintaining stoves at present, specific training in constructi
technology to be utilised. There is no clear development of a market that would drive such
capacity to be built due to the financial barriers stated above.
Barriers due to prevailing practice inter alia
traditional stoves imposes a very strong influence on the baseline scenario,
resulting in continuation of use of traditional three stone fires. There have been some efforts t
introduce improved cook-stoves in Kenya however success has been limited
ling charcoal users.
Although significant efforts have been made to produce an improved stove that is similar in use to
three stone cooking, there remain some differences in the way a user must approach cooking.
based staff to provide education and guidance on stove use it is unlikely that
widespread adoption would occur.
Pg. 56“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, Sept 2002.
http://www.hedon.info/WomenAndEnergyProject-Kenya
Pg. 55“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, Sept 2002.
http://www.hedon.info/RocketMudStovesInKenya
www.unep.ch/etb/areas/pdf/Kenya%20ReportFINAL.pdf
Version 03
significant funding has been required
of the specific technology.
researching, developing and testing the design; financing construction
materials; transportation of materials; education programme, amongst other things. Although
y, financing is required for
have been developed for the project. The specific technology to be
utilised would not have been developed without the anticipated carbon finance. Maintenance of
ctor to consider, especially in light of the successful Kenya
which is independently produced and marketed for charcoal consuming
urban dwellers. It has been found that although widely disseminated, the product efficiency and
-cutting measures to remain
27, the use of improved wood
(estimated at 4% penetration28
), with householders
due to a number of technological and financial
Clearly marketing and education is required to encourage the uptake and continued
toves, this is a challenge in the rural communities of the proposed activities.
Skilled labour: In addition there is a lack of an adequately trained local workforce capable of
, specific training in construction is required for the
. There is no clear development of a market that would drive such
traditional stoves imposes a very strong influence on the baseline scenario,
. There have been some efforts to
however success has been limited mainly to urban-
Although significant efforts have been made to produce an improved stove that is similar in use to
three stone cooking, there remain some differences in the way a user must approach cooking.
to provide education and guidance on stove use it is unlikely that
Pg. 56“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
Pg. 55“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Outcome of sub-step 3a:
Barrier
Investment – private funding
Technological - development
Technological - QA
Technological - training
Prevailing practice
Clear barriers such as poor access to finance, low attractiveness of Kenya
high quality technology, and low education about the improved technology offered
that may prevent the implementation of alternative scenario
Sub-step 3b: Show that the identified barriers would not prevent
the alternatives (except the proposed project activity)
None of the identified barriers
stone fires, from occurring.
“If both Sub-steps 3a – 3b are satisfied, proceed to Step 4 (Common practice analysis)”.
Step4: Common practice analysis
Sub-step 4a: Analyze other activities similar to the proposed project activity:
Improved cook stoves started to appear in Kenya in 1981
Renewable Sources of Energy’
Upesi Stoves
The Upesi project started in 1995, it was supported by Intermediate Technology Development Group
(ITDG) the aim was to commercialise the Upesi stove in Western Kenya.
in collaboration with GTZ 9 years previously:
was distributed by Ministry of Agriculture employees,
by GTZ in order to make distribution viable in rural areas. After 8 years the support was withdrawn and
so the project did not continue on any significant scale
The stove is a simple fired clay liner (see image) wh
ground to improve efficiency and durability. Original testing
expected life of around 4 years.
31 http://www.hedon.info/TheUpesiRuralStovesProject
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
25
Barrier Prevents scenario 1? Prevents scenario 2?
private funding Yes – not available
development Yes – funding required
QA Yes – consistent
funding required
training Yes – funding required
Prevailing practice - education Yes – funding required
such as poor access to finance, low attractiveness of Kenya for external investment, lack of
high quality technology, and low education about the improved technology offered
that may prevent the implementation of alternative scenario 1.
step 3b: Show that the identified barriers would not prevent the implementation of at least
the alternatives (except the proposed project activity)
None of the identified barriers discussed above prevent alternative 2, continuation
3b are satisfied, proceed to Step 4 (Common practice analysis)”.
Step4: Common practice analysis
step 4a: Analyze other activities similar to the proposed project activity:
mproved cook stoves started to appear in Kenya in 1981 following the UN ‘Conference on New and
Renewable Sources of Energy’
The Upesi project started in 1995, it was supported by Intermediate Technology Development Group
commercialise the Upesi stove in Western Kenya. This stove had been developed
ion with GTZ 9 years previously: Potters were trained in the production of the liner and it
was distributed by Ministry of Agriculture employees, price (~120KES) and distribution were subsidised
by GTZ in order to make distribution viable in rural areas. After 8 years the support was withdrawn and
so the project did not continue on any significant scale31
The stove is a simple fired clay liner (see image) which can be either used on it
ground to improve efficiency and durability. Original testing* showed up to 43% wood savings and an
expected life of around 4 years.
http://www.hedon.info/TheUpesiRuralStovesProject
Version 03
Prevents scenario 2?
No
No
No
No
No
for external investment, lack of
high quality technology, and low education about the improved technology offered have been identified
the implementation of at least one of
continuation of cooking on three
3b are satisfied, proceed to Step 4 (Common practice analysis)”.
following the UN ‘Conference on New and
The Upesi project started in 1995, it was supported by Intermediate Technology Development Group
This stove had been developed
Potters were trained in the production of the liner and it
and distribution were subsidised
by GTZ in order to make distribution viable in rural areas. After 8 years the support was withdrawn and
can be either used on its own or built into the
showed up to 43% wood savings and an
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
After 5 years the Upesi project had trained a number of
liner, it was estimated that 16,000 had been distributed.
The Rural Stoves West Kenya (R
project working with the Ministry of Agriculture through the Home Economics Officers, the interest
being that through the reduced pressure on non
which was of interest to the Ministry of Agricul
Agriculture dropped off, the level of production decreased as the subsidies, in the form of free transport
for the stoves and controlled prices
prices.
32 Photo taken from http://www.hedon.info/TheUpesiRuralStovesProject
33 Rural Stoves West Kenya: http://practicalaction.org/?id=t4sl_casestudy_stoves
34 Taken from http://www.pisces.or.ke/pubs/pdfs/PISCES_Kenya_Report_2010.pdf
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
26
Upesi liner
32
After 5 years the Upesi project had trained a number of people in marketing as well as production of the
liner, it was estimated that 16,000 had been distributed.
The Rural Stoves West Kenya (RSWK) project (building the mandeleo/upesi/jiko Kisasa
project working with the Ministry of Agriculture through the Home Economics Officers, the interest
being that through the reduced pressure on non-renewable biomass - rate of deforestation was reduced
which was of interest to the Ministry of Agriculture. When funding (1990 -
Agriculture dropped off, the level of production decreased as the subsidies, in the form of free transport
he stoves and controlled prices were removed and the poorer purchasers were unable to aff
Built-in Upesi/Mandeleo stove34
http://www.hedon.info/TheUpesiRuralStovesProject
http://practicalaction.org/?id=t4sl_casestudy_stoves
http://www.pisces.or.ke/pubs/pdfs/PISCES_Kenya_Report_2010.pdf
Version 03
people in marketing as well as production of the
/jiko Kisasa stoves33
), was a
project working with the Ministry of Agriculture through the Home Economics Officers, the interest
rate of deforestation was reduced
1995) from the Ministry of
Agriculture dropped off, the level of production decreased as the subsidies, in the form of free transport
were removed and the poorer purchasers were unable to afford higher
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Similar observations have been made regarding the Kuni Mbili, promoted by KENGO, the wood fuel
version of the KCJ which is subsidised and often sold at cost or less than cost
considered acceptable as the stove is still in demonstration, but when subsidies are removed the success of
the Kuni Mbili commercialisation is in question. There are only 20,000 of these stoves in operation in
Kenya at present.36
The Kenyan Ceramic Jiko was first pioneered two decades ago and has broken into the urban market,
however over this time stove quality has deteriorated as price competition has led producers to cut costs
in response to competition38
charcoal than conventional ones, today this is 24%. Consumers
efficiency but a notice the decline in appearance and robustness.
The Private Sector Development in Agriculture (PDSA) stove project was
of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
this project was to distribute ~180,000 ICS
districts of Kenya, including Kisumu. The project focussed on commercialising a number of stove
technologies, dometic ICS were; the
built in & a new model, the rocket
35
Kuni Mbili
http://www.hedon.info/CookingStovesForCommercialSustainableProductionAn
36 http://www.hedon.info/CookingStovesForCommercialSustainableProductionAndDisseminationInAfrica
37 Taken from http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/Ezzati/Home%20Page%20of%20Majid%20Ezzati.htm
38 DFID http://povertystoves.energyprojects.net/
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
27
Similar observations have been made regarding the Kuni Mbili, promoted by KENGO, the wood fuel
version of the KCJ which is subsidised and often sold at cost or less than cost
ered acceptable as the stove is still in demonstration, but when subsidies are removed the success of
the Kuni Mbili commercialisation is in question. There are only 20,000 of these stoves in operation in
Kuni Mbili37
was first pioneered two decades ago and has broken into the urban market,
however over this time stove quality has deteriorated as price competition has led producers to cut costs 38
. Improved Kenyan stoves tested in the 1980s consumed
charcoal than conventional ones, today this is 24%. Consumers are not necessarily aware of drop in
efficiency but a notice the decline in appearance and robustness.
The Private Sector Development in Agriculture (PDSA) stove project was carried out by GTZ on behalf
of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
this project was to distribute ~180,000 ICS by 12/2008 within rural and urban
districts of Kenya, including Kisumu. The project focussed on commercialising a number of stove
, dometic ICS were; the existing Jiko Kisasa (formally mandeleo/upesi) liner, Jiko Kisasa
rocket mud stoves.
http://www.hedon.info/CookingStovesForCommercialSustainableProductionAndDisseminationInAfrica
http://www.hedon.info/CookingStovesForCommercialSustainableProductionAndDisseminationInAfrica
http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/Ezzati/Home%20Page%20of%20Majid%20Ezzati.htm
http://povertystoves.energyprojects.net/
Version 03
Similar observations have been made regarding the Kuni Mbili, promoted by KENGO, the wood fuel
version of the KCJ which is subsidised and often sold at cost or less than cost35
. This is currently
ered acceptable as the stove is still in demonstration, but when subsidies are removed the success of
the Kuni Mbili commercialisation is in question. There are only 20,000 of these stoves in operation in
was first pioneered two decades ago and has broken into the urban market,
however over this time stove quality has deteriorated as price competition has led producers to cut costs
1980s consumed 30-50% less
not necessarily aware of drop in
carried out by GTZ on behalf
of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). The objective of
rural and urban households in a number of
districts of Kenya, including Kisumu. The project focussed on commercialising a number of stove
Jiko Kisasa (formally mandeleo/upesi) liner, Jiko Kisasa
dDisseminationInAfrica
http://www.hedon.info/CookingStovesForCommercialSustainableProductionAndDisseminationInAfrica
http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/Ezzati/Home%20Page%20of%20Majid%20Ezzati.htm
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
It is reported37
that by Dec 2007, 24 individuals were involved in the production of fixed Jiko Kisasa
stoves and 220 trained in constructing rocket stoves.
Sub-step 4b: Discuss any similar Opt
A recent assessment of the PDSA project
rocket stove (similar quality to the proposed activitie
as those targeted by the propo
was also found that the lowest number of households utilising ICS was in the area where the proposed
activity will be developed.41
order of responses) were cost, no interest & don’t know where to buy them
activity addresses these issues.
Although a number of improved cook stove dissemina
have been subsidised by external funding and have not lead to widespread common use of improved cook
stoves in rural Kenya use of improved wood stoves in rural Kenya is estimated at 4% penetration
repeated efforts at commercialisation suggest that they have not been successful despite subsidising
stoves. The distinction between these and the proposed activi
for legal entitlement to the co2e rights,
even to buy a subsidised stove. On top of this the stove quality will be higher due to the
39 Taken from http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en
40 Pg 35 http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en
41 Pg 36 http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en
42 Pg 52 http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en
43 Pg. 55“Study on Kenya’s energy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, Sept 2002.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
28
Two pot rocket stove39
that by Dec 2007, 24 individuals were involved in the production of fixed Jiko Kisasa
and 220 trained in constructing rocket stoves.
step 4b: Discuss any similar Options that are occurring:
A recent assessment of the PDSA project40
showed that no poor households had the more expensive
to the proposed activities technology) and that low income households such
as those targeted by the proposed activity had only 16% of ICS despite making up half the population.
the lowest number of households utilising ICS was in the area where the proposed
Surveying showed that the main reasons for people not owning an ICS (in
order of responses) were cost, no interest & don’t know where to buy them
s these issues.
improved cook stove dissemination activities have been observed in Kenya,
have been subsidised by external funding and have not lead to widespread common use of improved cook
use of improved wood stoves in rural Kenya is estimated at 4% penetration
eated efforts at commercialisation suggest that they have not been successful despite subsidising
stoves. The distinction between these and the proposed activity is that stoves are given in exchange only
for legal entitlement to the co2e rights, and in the poorest rural communities, thus reaching those unlikely
even to buy a subsidised stove. On top of this the stove quality will be higher due to the
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-kenya-results-assessment-stoves-2009.pdf
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-kenya-results-assessment-stoves-2009.pdf
dokumente/en-kenya-results-assessment-stoves-2009.pdf
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-kenya-results-assessment-stoves-2009.pdf
rgy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
service establishments”, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Energy, Sept 2002.
Version 03
that by Dec 2007, 24 individuals were involved in the production of fixed Jiko Kisasa
showed that no poor households had the more expensive
and that low income households such
sed activity had only 16% of ICS despite making up half the population. It
the lowest number of households utilising ICS was in the area where the proposed
Surveying showed that the main reasons for people not owning an ICS (in
order of responses) were cost, no interest & don’t know where to buy them42
. Clearly the proposed
tion activities have been observed in Kenya, all
have been subsidised by external funding and have not lead to widespread common use of improved cook
use of improved wood stoves in rural Kenya is estimated at 4% penetration43
. The
eated efforts at commercialisation suggest that they have not been successful despite subsidising
ty is that stoves are given in exchange only
e poorest rural communities, thus reaching those unlikely
even to buy a subsidised stove. On top of this the stove quality will be higher due to the use of centralised
2009.pdf
2009.pdf
2009.pdf
2009.pdf
rgy demand, supply and policy strategy for households, small scale industries and
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
production of the key components (pot rests and ceramic liner) and
can be put in place with a project building many stoves in a short period and a small geographical area.
In this sense it is anticipated that product quality differentiates the proposed project from others.
It is therefore concluded that t
B.6. Emission reductions:
B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices:
The project proponent has elected to use a fixed baseline
capacity limitation the construction of the stoves will take
project, as indicated in section
crediting year. Each stove build date is i
reductions calculated on an individual basis. A 1 week lead time is accounted for between construction
and operation of the stove, this leads to a conservative assessment of the emission reduct
accurate calculation of emission reductions under a progressive distribution scenario.
distribution record will be accordingly built
baseline approach.
The exact equations given in the methodology were not used however the method and calculated results
are not altered. This is approved by the methodology (page 19, penultimate paragraph); “
to derive emission reduction values on a per Unit basis directly
calculation of project emission reductions (and of baseline and project emissions) accordingly, in cases
where this results in the most transparent and clear mode of calculation, and where this is consistent with
the calculations above”.
Changes made are demonstrated below.
Original calculations from methodology:
∑∑ −−= yiyiy PEBEER ,,
Where:
ERy = Emissions reductions in total project population in year y (tCO
BEi,y = Baseline emissions of cluster i in year y (tCO
PEi,y = Project emissions of cluster i in year y (tCO
LEi,y = Leakage of cluster i in year y (tCO
Within each cluster emissions are calculated thus:
yyiyi BE7BE ×= ,, …………Eqn ER.1b
yyiyi PE7PE ×= ,, …………Eqn ER.1c
Where:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
29
production of the key components (pot rests and ceramic liner) and more stringent QA pr
can be put in place with a project building many stoves in a short period and a small geographical area.
In this sense it is anticipated that product quality differentiates the proposed project from others.
It is therefore concluded that the project is additional.
Emission reductions:
Explanation of methodological choices:
project proponent has elected to use a fixed baseline, inline with the chosen methodology.
limitation the construction of the stoves will take place throughout the first
section C.1.1. All project stoves will have been constructed by the end of the first
Each stove build date is individually recorded in the proponent’s database and emission
reductions calculated on an individual basis. A 1 week lead time is accounted for between construction
, this leads to a conservative assessment of the emission reduct
accurate calculation of emission reductions under a progressive distribution scenario.
distribution record will be accordingly built into the database to justify the application of the fixed
ions given in the methodology were not used however the method and calculated results
are not altered. This is approved by the methodology (page 19, penultimate paragraph); “
to derive emission reduction values on a per Unit basis directly from the KT tests, and modify the mode of
calculation of project emission reductions (and of baseline and project emissions) accordingly, in cases
where this results in the most transparent and clear mode of calculation, and where this is consistent with
Changes made are demonstrated below.
Original calculations from methodology:
∑− yiLE , …………Eqn ER.1a
Emissions reductions in total project population in year y (tCO2e/yr)
Baseline emissions of cluster i in year y (tCO2e/yr)
Project emissions of cluster i in year y (tCO2e/yr)
Leakage of cluster i in year y (tCO2e/yr)
Within each cluster emissions are calculated thus:
…………Eqn ER.1b
…………Eqn ER.1c
Version 03
more stringent QA procedures that
can be put in place with a project building many stoves in a short period and a small geographical area.
In this sense it is anticipated that product quality differentiates the proposed project from others.
inline with the chosen methodology. Due to
the first crediting year of the
All project stoves will have been constructed by the end of the first
ndividually recorded in the proponent’s database and emission
reductions calculated on an individual basis. A 1 week lead time is accounted for between construction
, this leads to a conservative assessment of the emission reductions made and
accurate calculation of emission reductions under a progressive distribution scenario. Likewise, the
to justify the application of the fixed-
ions given in the methodology were not used however the method and calculated results
are not altered. This is approved by the methodology (page 19, penultimate paragraph); “It is legitimate
from the KT tests, and modify the mode of
calculation of project emission reductions (and of baseline and project emissions) accordingly, in cases
where this results in the most transparent and clear mode of calculation, and where this is consistent with
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Ni,y = the number of Units in cluster i
××= ,,, blyblyblnrby EFBXBE
+∑(Non-CO2 emissions during cooking)
+∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn B.1a
Where:
BEy = baseline emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
Xnrb,bl,y = the non-renewable fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
y in the baseline scenario
Bbl,y = the mass of woody biomass consumed during cooking in the baseline in year y (tonnes/year)
EFbl,bio,co2 = the CO2 emission factor for use of the biomass fuel in the baseline scenario in tonnes CO2
per tonne fuel
AFbl,i,y = The mass of alternative fuel i
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
appropriately designed to subsume alternative fuels (approach 3).
EFaf,co2,i = The CO2 emission
tonne fuel.
Non-CO2 emissions during cooking
∑ ×= ( , yblB
GHG emissions during production of the fuels
= , yblnrb BX ×
+∑( ,, yiblAF
+∑ ×( , ybl EFB
+∑( ,, yiblAF
Where:
EFbl,bio,non-co2,i = Emission factor for GHG gas i in the baseline scenario in units of tonnes gas per tonne
wood-fuel
EFaf,non-co2 gas i = Non-CO2 emission factor during cooking for alte
gas per tonnes fuel
EFbio,prod,co2 = CO2 emission factor for wood
EFaf,prod,co2,i = CO2 emission factor for fuel I during production in tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
30
= the number of Units in cluster i
∑ ×+ )( ,2,,,2,, iCOafyiblCObiobl EFAF
CO2 emissions during cooking)
∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn B.1a
= baseline emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
renewable fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
y biomass consumed during cooking in the baseline in year y (tonnes/year)
= the CO2 emission factor for use of the biomass fuel in the baseline scenario in tonnes CO2
= The mass of alternative fuel i in the baseline in year y in accordance with trends projected
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
appropriately designed to subsume alternative fuels (approach 3).
= The CO2 emission factor for use of the alternative fuel i in the baseline in tonnes of CO2 per
CO2 emissions during cooking
∑ −− ×+× () _2,,,,,2,, gascononiafyiblicononbiobl EFAFEF
GHG emissions during production of the fuels
2,, coprodbioEF×
× ),2,, icoprodafEF
− )__2,, igascononprodbioEF
−× )__2,,, igascononprodiafEF …………Eqn B.1c
= Emission factor for GHG gas i in the baseline scenario in units of tonnes gas per tonne
CO2 emission factor during cooking for alternative fuel i for GHG gas i in tonnes
= CO2 emission factor for wood-fuel during production in tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
= CO2 emission factor for fuel I during production in tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
Version 03
∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn B.1a
= baseline emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
renewable fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
y biomass consumed during cooking in the baseline in year y (tonnes/year)
= the CO2 emission factor for use of the biomass fuel in the baseline scenario in tonnes CO2
in the baseline in year y in accordance with trends projected
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
factor for use of the alternative fuel i in the baseline in tonnes of CO2 per
)_ igas …………Eqn B.1b
= Emission factor for GHG gas i in the baseline scenario in units of tonnes gas per tonne
rnative fuel i for GHG gas i in tonnes
fuel during production in tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
= CO2 emission factor for fuel I during production in tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
EFbio,prod,non-co2 gas i = Non-CO2 emission factor for wood
fuel
EFaf,prod,non-co2 gas i = Non-CO2 emission factor for alternative fuel i for GHG gas i during production in
tonnes gas per tonnes fuel
××= ,,, pjypjypjnrby EFBXPE
+∑(Non-CO2 emissions during cooking)
+∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn P.1a
Where:
BEy = project emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
Xnrb,pj,y = the non-renewable fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
y in the project scenario
Bpj,y = the mass of woody biomass consumed during cooking in the project each year (tonnes/year)
AFpj,i,y = The mass of alternative fuel i in the
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
appropriately designed to subsume alternative fuels (approach 3).
Non-CO2 emissions during cooking
∑ ×= ( ,,, biopjypj EFB
GHG emissions during production of the fuels
= ,, bioypjnrb EFBX ××
+∑ ×( ,,, afyipj EFAF
+∑ ×( ,, prodbioypj EFB
+∑ ×( ,,, iafyipj EFAF
Calculations used in this project
The KPT was appropriately designed
of the methodology). So, the KPT measures fuel consumption of the primary fuel only, while the
households involved are carrying on a degree of typical fu
RE forms during the KPT itself. Therefore, any secondary fuel is treated as zero in both the baseline and
the project scenarios. Therefore,
Furthermore, for the reasons set out in B.6.2 EF
This leaves the following equations:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
31
CO2 emission factor for wood-fuel during production in tonnes gas per tonne
CO2 emission factor for alternative fuel i for GHG gas i during production in
∑ ×+ )( ,2,,,2,, iCOafyipjCObiopj EFAF
CO2 emissions during cooking)
∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn P.1a
= project emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
le fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
= the mass of woody biomass consumed during cooking in the project each year (tonnes/year)
= The mass of alternative fuel i in the project in year y in accordance with trends projected
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
appropriately designed to subsume alternative fuels (approach 3).
CO2 emissions during cooking
∑ −− ×+ )() __2,,,,,2, igascononiafyipjiconon EFAF …………Eqn P.1b
GHG emissions during production of the fuels
2,, coprod
),2, icoprod
− )__2, igascononprod
− )__2,, igascononprodi …………Eqn B.1c
Calculations used in this project:
he KPT was appropriately designed following the third form to calculate the baseline (refer to page 12
of the methodology). So, the KPT measures fuel consumption of the primary fuel only, while the
households involved are carrying on a degree of typical fuel and stove-type mixing and/or typical use of
RE forms during the KPT itself. Therefore, any secondary fuel is treated as zero in both the baseline and
the project scenarios. Therefore, all alternative fuels, AFbl,i,y and AFpj,i,y were set to zero.
or the reasons set out in B.6.2 EFbio,prod,co2 and EFbio,prod,non-co2 gas i
This leaves the following equations:
Version 03
fuel during production in tonnes gas per tonne
CO2 emission factor for alternative fuel i for GHG gas i during production in
∑(GHG emissions during production of the fuels) …………Eqn P.1a
= project emissions in year y (in tonnes CO2e per year) specific to cluster and Unit chosen
le fraction of the woody biomass harvested in the project collection area in year
= the mass of woody biomass consumed during cooking in the project each year (tonnes/year)
project in year y in accordance with trends projected
throughout the project period, in tonnes. This mass can be set to zero in cases where the KT is
…………Eqn P.1b
following the third form to calculate the baseline (refer to page 12
of the methodology). So, the KPT measures fuel consumption of the primary fuel only, while the
type mixing and/or typical use of
RE forms during the KPT itself. Therefore, any secondary fuel is treated as zero in both the baseline and
were set to zero.
were also set to zero.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
,,, blyblyblnrby EFBXBE ××=
+ ( ,,, nonbioblybl EFB ×∑
,,, pjypjypjnrby EFBXPE ××=
+ ( ,,, nonbiopjypj EFB ×∑
Since:
∑∑ −−= yiyiy PEBEER ,,
As there is only one cluster this reduces to:
( )( )yyyy 7PEBEER ×−=
( )yy 7LE ×−
Hence:
=yER
(( ,,, yblyblnrb EFBX ××
-( ,,, ypjypjnrb EFBX ××
( )yy 7LE ×−
Since in all cases:
ypjnrbyblnrb XX ,,,, =
And
2,,2,, CObiopjCObiobl EFEF =
And
cononbiopjicononbiobl EFEF ,,,2,, −− =
The equation can be rearranged thus:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
32
2,, CObiobl
),2 iconon−
2,, CObiopj
),2 iconon−
∑− yiL ,
As there is only one cluster this reduces to:
2,, CObioblEF + )( ,2,,, icononbioblybl EFB −×∑
2,, CObiopjEF + )( ,2,,, icononbiopjypj EFB −×∑ ) y7× )
ico ,2
The equation can be rearranged thus:
Version 03
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
=yER ( ( ),,, ynrbypjybl XBB ×−
+ ( )∑ ×− ypjybl EFBB ,,
( )yy 7LE ×−
As this project is accounting for methane (CH
(CO2), the equation is then:
=yER ( ( ),,, ynrbypjybl XBB ×−
+ ( ),, bioypjybl EFBB ×−
+ ( )bioypjybl EFBB ,, ×−
( )yy 7LE ×−
As stoves are being constructed progressively, the equations used in the proponent’s database will
account for this as follows:
For each stove the following calculation is made:
=ystoveER , (( ( ),, ypjybl BB ×−
+ ( ),, bioypjybl EFBB ×−
+ ( )bioypjybl EFBB ,, ×−
365÷ )
×days operational
This is then summed for each vintage, and the leakage subtracted based on the number built
vintage.
B.6.2. Data and parameters that are available at validation:
The project proponent has elected to use a fixed baseline, in line with the chosen methodology, and hence
the following parameters will be
Data / Parameter: Ny
Data unit: Number
Description: Number of stoves in year
Source of data used: Calculated fr
Value applied: 51,033
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Deemed valid by methodology.
Any comment: Details of calculations available to validator.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
33
2,CObioy EF×
− icononbioEF ,2, y7× )
As this project is accounting for methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) as well as
2,CObioy EF×
4,CHbio
O7bio 2, ) y7× )
As stoves are being constructed progressively, the equations used in the proponent’s database will
For each stove the following calculation is made:
2,, CObioynrb EFX ×
4,CHbio
O7bio 2, ))
This is then summed for each vintage, and the leakage subtracted based on the number built
Data and parameters that are available at validation:
The project proponent has elected to use a fixed baseline, in line with the chosen methodology, and hence
the following parameters will be available at validation but not monitored:
Number
Number of stoves in year
Calculated from ex-ante
51,033
Deemed valid by methodology.
Details of calculations available to validator.
Version 03
O) as well as Carbon Dioxide
As stoves are being constructed progressively, the equations used in the proponent’s database will
This is then summed for each vintage, and the leakage subtracted based on the number built during that
The project proponent has elected to use a fixed baseline, in line with the chosen methodology, and hence
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Data / Parameter: EFbl.bio,co2
Data unit: tCO
Description: CO
Source of data used: Calculated from
Value applied: 1.7472
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Deemed valid by methodology.
Any comment: Details of calculations available to validator.
Data / Parameter: EFpj.bio,co2
Data unit: tCO
Description: CO
Source of data used: Calculated from IPCC defaults
Value applied: 1.7472
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Deeme
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFaf,co2
Data unit: tCO
Description: CO
Source of data used: N/A
Value applied: N/A
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
The Kitchen Survey identified that
beneficiaries
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFbl.bio,non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: Calculated from IPCC defaults
v.02’.
Value applied: 0.1176
Justification of the
choice of data or
Deemed valid by methodology.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
34
bl.bio,co2
tCO2/t_biomass
CO2 emission factor arising from use of wood-fuel in baseline scenario
Calculated from IPCC defaults
1.7472
Deemed valid by methodology.
Details of calculations available to validator.
pj.bio,co2
tCO2/t_biomass
CO2 emission factor arising from use of wood-fuel in project scenario
Calculated from IPCC defaults
1.7472
Deemed valid by methodology.
af,co2
tCO2/t_fuel
CO2 emission factor arising from use of alternative fuel
N/A
N/A
The Kitchen Survey identified that no alternative fuels were used by project
beneficiaries.
bl.bio,non-co2
tCO2/t_biomass
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from use of wood-fuel in baseline scenario
Calculated from IPCC defaults – refer to ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares
v.02’.
0.1176
Deemed valid by methodology.
Version 03
fuel in baseline scenario
fuel in project scenario
emission factor arising from use of alternative fuel
alternative fuels were used by project
fuel in baseline scenario
refer to ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFpj.bio,non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: Calculated from IPCC defaults
v.02’.
Value applied: 0.1176
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Deemed valid by methodology.
Any comment: Refer
Data / Parameter: EFaf, non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: N/A
Value applied: N/A
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
The Kitchen Surveys identified that n
beneficiaries.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFbio,prod,co2
Data unit: tCO
Description: CO
Source of data used: IPCC defaults or project
Value applied: 0
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
As revealed in the
transported manually
household and so does not generate any production related CO
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFaf,prod,co2
Data unit: tCO
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
35
pj.bio,non-co2
tCO2/t_biomass
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from use of wood-fuel in project scenario
Calculated from IPCC defaults – refer to ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares
v.02’.
1176
Deemed valid by methodology.
Refer ‘PDD supplementary data v0.2’ for further details.
af, non-co2
tCO2/t_fuel
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from use of alternative fuel
N/A
N/A
The Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by project
beneficiaries.
bio,prod,co2
tCO2/t_fuel
CO2 emission factor arising from production of wood
IPCC defaults or project-relevant measurement reports
As revealed in the baseline Kitchen Surveys (annex 3) fuel is harvested and
transported manually (walking and/or donkey cart) by each individual
household and so does not generate any production related CO
af,prod,co2
tCO2/t_fuel
Version 03
fuel in project scenario
refer to ‘PDD supplementary data Aberdares
for further details.
emission factor arising from use of alternative fuel
alternative fuels were used by project
emission factor arising from production of wood-fuel
measurement reports
Kitchen Surveys (annex 3) fuel is harvested and
by each individual
household and so does not generate any production related CO2 emissions.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Description: Non
Source of data used: N/A
Value applied: N/A
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
The
project beneficiaries.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFbio,prod,non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: IPCC defaults or
Value applied: 0
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
As revealed in the
transported manually
hou
emissions.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFaf,prod,non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: N/A
Value applied: N/A
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
The
project beneficiaries.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: Xnrb,bl,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Non
Source of data used: Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
C4 EcoSolutions (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa
Value applied: 0.95
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
Assessment carried out by third party according to
Improved Cook
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
36
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
N/A
N/A
The Baseline Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by
project beneficiaries.
bio,prod,non-co2
tCO2/t_biomass
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from production of wood
IPCC defaults or project-relevant measurement reports
As revealed in the baseline Kitchen Surveys (annex 3) fuel is harvested and
transported manually (walking and/or by donkey cart)
household and so does not result in any transport related
emissions.
af,prod,non-co2
tCO2/t_fuel
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
N/A
N/A
The baseline Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by
project beneficiaries.
nrb,bl,y
Fraction
Non-renewability status of woody biomass fuel in year in baseline scenario
Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
C4 EcoSolutions (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa
0.95
Assessment carried out by third party according to GS m
Improved Cook-Stoves and Kitchen Regimes v.02.
Version 03
emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
that no alternative fuels were used by
emission factor arising from production of wood-fuel
relevant measurement reports
Kitchen Surveys (annex 3) fuel is harvested and
(walking and/or by donkey cart) by each individual
related production CO2
emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by
renewability status of woody biomass fuel in year in baseline scenario
Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
C4 EcoSolutions (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa
GS methodology for
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
applied :
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: Xre,bl,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Woody biomass combustion avoided due to
baseline
Source of data used: Baseline
Value applied: 0
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: Xaf,bl,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Woody biomass combustion avoided d
Source of data used: Baseline Kitchen Surveys
Value applied: 0
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitch
in this situation.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: EFaf,prod,non
Data unit: tCO
Description: Non
Source of data used: N/A
Value applied: N/A
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
The
project beneficiaries.
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: AFbl,i,y
Data unit: t_fuel/unit
Description: The mass of alternative fuel i combusted in the baseline year
Source of data used: Baseline Kitchen Surveys
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
37
re,bl,y
Fraction
Woody biomass combustion avoided due to renewable energy
baseline year (i.e. solar cookers, agricultural residues, etc)
Baseline Kitchen Survey
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
af,bl,y
Fraction
Woody biomass combustion avoided due to alternative fuels
Baseline Kitchen Surveys
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
af,prod,non-co2
tCO2/t_fuel
Non-CO2 emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
N/A
N/A
The baseline Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by
project beneficiaries.
bl,i,y
t_fuel/unit-year
The mass of alternative fuel i combusted in the baseline year
Baseline Kitchen Surveys
Version 03
renewable energy fuels form in
(i.e. solar cookers, agricultural residues, etc)
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the baseline
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
ue to alternative fuels in baseline
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the baseline
en surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
emission factor arising from production of alternative fuel
Kitchen Surveys identified that no alternative fuels were used by
The mass of alternative fuel i combusted in the baseline year
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Value applied: 0
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify a
in this situation.
Any comment:
B.6.3 Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions:
All the calculations performed in this section are
excel info sheet sent with this document.
As described in section B.6.1. the following equation has been used to calculate emissions.
=yER ( ( ),,, ynrbypjybl XBB ×−
+ ( ),, bioypjybl EFBB ×−
+ ( )bioypjybl EFBB ,, ×−
( )yy 7LE ×−
As discussed in section B.4 and the attached report
average fuel saving per stove per
to calculate the ex-ante emissions reductions per stove
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
38
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify a
in this situation.
ante calculation of emission reductions:
All the calculations performed in this section are further developed and available
excel info sheet sent with this document.
As described in section B.6.1. the following equation has been used to calculate emissions.
2,CObioy EF×
4,CHbio
O7bio 2, ) y7× )
and the attached report, the results of the KPT were analysed to provide th
average fuel saving per stove per year to the lower bound of 90% confidence interval. This was then used
ante emissions reductions per stove-year.
kg/HH/day
Firewood Comsumption 3-stone stove 7.38
Saving Adj for lower bound of 90% confidence 2.23
Therefore, t/HH/year
Firewood Consumption 3-stone stove 2.69
Saving Adj for lower bound of 90% confidence 0.81
Version 03
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the baseline
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
available in the supplementary
As described in section B.6.1. the following equation has been used to calculate emissions.
he results of the KPT were analysed to provide the
year to the lower bound of 90% confidence interval. This was then used
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Leakage has been assessed as
following a stoves construction
Hence:
033,5101793.01 ×=LE
9151 =LE
001793.02 ×=LE
02 =LE
0...4,3 =nLE
The anticipated number of stoves to be constructed is:
033,511 =7
02 =7
=nER (0.81 x 0.95 x 1.7472
+0.81 x 0.0983
+0.81 x 0.01934) x N
– (LEy x Ny)
=nER 1.44 x Ny
– (LEy x Ny)
See supplementary excel file for details.
B.6.4 Summary of the ex
Year
Estimation of
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Total (tCO2e)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
39
s one-off source identified that will be written off in
following a stoves construction, following this zero leakage is anticipated.
033
The anticipated number of stoves to be constructed is:
) x Ny
See supplementary excel file for details.
Summary of the ex-ante estimation of emission reductions:
PE -
Estimation of
project
activity
emissions
(tCO2e)
BE -
Estimation of
baseline
emissions
(tCO2e)
LE -
Estimation of
leakage
(tCO2e)
- - 3
- - 912
- - 0
- - 0
- - 0
- - 0
- - 0
- - 0
- - 912
Version 03
off source identified that will be written off in the first crediting year
ante estimation of emission reductions:
ER -
Estimation of
overall
emission
reductions
(tCO2e)
N/A
23,578
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
73,833
466,576
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
ote 1: Baseline and project emissions
was only applied to the mean difference (savings). For this reason and to avoid confusion the PE & BE
columns have been left blank and only overall ER projected here.
ote 2:The leakage generated by the construction
subtracted from the overall emission reductions for the first crediting year (2011)
B.7 Application of a monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan:
B.7.1 Data and parameters
Data / Parameter: Xnrb,pj,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Non
Source of data used: Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
C4 EcoSolutions
Value of data: 0.95
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
As deemed valid in the methodology v2.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Study commissioned to an independent third party.
Any comment: Subject to bi
Data / Parameter: Xre,pj,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Woody biomass combustion avoided due to renewable energy form in year y in
project
Source of data to be
used:
Monitoring Kitchen Survey
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Any comment: Monitoring surveys will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
Data / Parameter: Xaf,pj,y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Woody biomass
Source of data to be
used:
Monitoring Kitchen Surveys
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
40
Baseline and project emissions were not adjusted to lower bound of 90% confidence interval, this
was only applied to the mean difference (savings). For this reason and to avoid confusion the PE & BE
columns have been left blank and only overall ER projected here.
The leakage generated by the construction of pilot stoves in 2010 has been registered and
subtracted from the overall emission reductions for the first crediting year (2011)
Application of a monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan:
Data and parameters monitored:
nrb,pj,y
Fraction
Non-renewability of woody biomass fuel in year y in project scenario
Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
C4 EcoSolutions (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa
0.95
As deemed valid in the methodology v2.
Study commissioned to an independent third party.
Subject to biennial monitoring
re,pj,y
Fraction
Woody biomass combustion avoided due to renewable energy form in year y in
project
Monitoring Kitchen Survey
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Monitoring surveys will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
af,pj,y
Fraction
Woody biomass combustion avoided due to alternative fuels in year y in project
Monitoring Kitchen Surveys
Version 03
bound of 90% confidence interval, this
was only applied to the mean difference (savings). For this reason and to avoid confusion the PE & BE
of pilot stoves in 2010 has been registered and
subtracted from the overall emission reductions for the first crediting year (2011)
Application of a monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan:
renewability of woody biomass fuel in year y in project scenario
Report compiled by Anthony Mills (PhD) and Diane Southey (MSc)
(Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa
Woody biomass combustion avoided due to renewable energy form in year y in
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Monitoring surveys will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
combustion avoided due to alternative fuels in year y in project
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Any comment: Monitoring survey
Data / Parameter: Leakage
Data unit: t_CO
Description: Potential GHG emissions outside project boundary caused by project activity
Source of data to be
used:
Study
Value of data L1=
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Kitchen Surveys supported by desk
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Kitchen surveys are use
Any comment: Value stated is to be applied in year one only, no further leakage is
however
Data / Parameter: (Bbl,y
Data unit: t_biomass/
Description: (Mass of woody biomass combusted in the
biomass combusted in the project in year y)
Source of data to be
used:
Kitchen Performance Tests
Value of data 0.81
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Kitchen Surveys and Kitchen
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
3rd party study and report
Any comment: Carried out biennially
Data / Parameter: AFpj,i,y
Data unit: t_fuel/unit
Description: Mass of alternative fuel i
Source of data to be
used:
Monitoring Kitchen Surveys
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
41
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Monitoring surveys will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
Leakage
t_CO2e per year
Potential GHG emissions outside project boundary caused by project activity
Study
=912, L2=0, L3,4,…n=0
Kitchen Surveys supported by desk-based research
Kitchen surveys are used
Value stated is to be applied in year one only, no further leakage is
however this will be reviewed biennially.
bl,y – Bpj,y)
t_biomass/stove/year
Mass of woody biomass combusted in the baseline in year y
biomass combusted in the project in year y)
Kitchen Performance Tests
0.81
Kitchen Surveys and Kitchen Performance tests as described in section B.4
3rd party study and report
Carried out biennially
pj,i,y
t_fuel/unit-year
Mass of alternative fuel i combusted in the project in year y
Monitoring Kitchen Surveys
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
in this situation.
Version 03
identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
s will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
Potential GHG emissions outside project boundary caused by project activity
Value stated is to be applied in year one only, no further leakage is anticipated,
baseline in year y – Mass of woody
Performance tests as described in section B.4
combusted in the project in year y
No renewable fuel use by project beneficiaries was identified by the initial
kitchen surveys, monitoring kitchen surveys will be used to identify any change
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
applied:
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Any comment: Monitoring surveys will be carried out quar
Data / Parameter: Usage in year y
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Percentage of stoves of age x remaining in use in year y
Source of data to be
used:
Our own survey
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Usage
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
3rd party study and report
Any comment:
Data / Parameter: Age
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Adjustment to values of B
Source of data to be
used:
Aging stove KPT
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
Aging stove KPT will be carried out as per expert third party direction.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
3rd
party direction and assessment of study.
Any comment: Carried out biennially
Data / Parameter: New Stove
Data unit: Fraction
Description: Adjustment to values of
Source of data to be
used:
New
Value of data -
Description of
measurement methods
and procedures to be
applied:
New stove KPT will be carried out as directed by expert third party.
QA/QC procedures to
be applied:
3rd
party direction and assessment of study.
Any comment: At launch of new model and not less than biennially
B.7.2 Description of the monitoring plan:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
42
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
Monitoring surveys will be carried out quarterly, as per the methodology.
Usage in year y
Fraction
Percentage of stoves of age x remaining in use in year y
Our own survey
Usage surveys carried out biennially.
3rd party study and report
Age
Fraction
Adjustment to values of Bpj,,y and AFpj,i,y for stoves of age x
Aging stove KPT
Aging stove KPT will be carried out as per expert third party direction.
party direction and assessment of study.
Carried out biennially
New Stove
Fraction
Adjustment to values of (Bbl,y – Bpj,,y) and AFpj,i,y for new stove models
New stove KPT
New stove KPT will be carried out as directed by expert third party.
party direction and assessment of study.
t launch of new model and not less than biennially
Description of the monitoring plan:
Version 03
Kitchen Surveying will be overseen by an independent third party.
terly, as per the methodology.
Percentage of stoves of age x remaining in use in year y
for stoves of age x
Aging stove KPT will be carried out as per expert third party direction.
for new stove models
New stove KPT will be carried out as directed by expert third party.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The project proponents will supervise and assist stove contractors in generating the appropriate records
during the construction phase of the project.
The monitoring tasks continually undertaken are:
1. Maintenance of pilot & Total
Accurate distribution records will be kept and stored both elec
builders will create paper record
transferred to a computer system belo
stored in the local office (Kenya).
• Stove serial number
• Stove Model
• Project region
• Builder’s name
• Name of builder’s trainer
• Stove building date
• Resident’s name
• Resident address (where possible)
• Resident phone number (where possible)
• Mode of use (domestic in all cases)
• Type of fuel used
• Pilot stove (Y/N)
• GPS Coordinates
• Carbon rights handover signed (
2. Maintenance of a Detailed Customer Database (DCD)
A detailed customer database will be kept, containing the results of
Kitchen Performance Tests (K
the results of monitoring KS’s
Monitoring KS’s will be carried out for 25 randomly selected
every quarter according to the methodology rules
and no further stoves built, hous
construction period and from the whole
beneficiaries added to the database anymore after the construction period
The monitoring KS’s will provide information regarding the ongoing relevance of K
changes, usage drop-off & aging stove performance drop
KPT’s will be carried out every two years to assess performance of aging stoves and to ensure emissions
reductions claims made in monitoring reports remain accurate. KS’s w
a max 50% by telephone.
Data collected during a KS contains the
• General information -
• Household socio-demographic information
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
43
The project proponents will supervise and assist stove contractors in generating the appropriate records
during the construction phase of the project.
monitoring tasks continually undertaken are:
Total Distribution Record (TDR)
records will be kept and stored both electronically and in paper format. The stove
records (of type shown below) for each stove
transferred to a computer system belonging to the project proponents and the original documentation
stored in the local office (Kenya).
e of builder’s trainer
Resident address (where possible)
Resident phone number (where possible)
Mode of use (domestic in all cases)
Carbon rights handover signed (Y/N)
Detailed Customer Database (DCD)
A detailed customer database will be kept, containing the results of all Kitchen Surveys (KS’s)
Tests (KPT’s). Initially the baseline KS & KPT data will
onitoring KS’s & monitoring KPT’s will be added.
Monitoring KS’s will be carried out for 25 randomly selected beneficiaries
according to the methodology rules. As the stoves will be constructed over a short period
and no further stoves built, households will be selected from the TDR for the previous quarter during the
construction period and from the whole TDR for later monitoring KS’s as will not be new project
the database anymore after the construction period.
will provide information regarding the ongoing relevance of K
off & aging stove performance drop-off) and sustainable development indicators.
T’s will be carried out every two years to assess performance of aging stoves and to ensure emissions
reductions claims made in monitoring reports remain accurate. KS’s will be carried out face to face, with
Data collected during a KS contains the following type of data:
- Name, address, telephone number etc
demographic information
Version 03
The project proponents will supervise and assist stove contractors in generating the appropriate records
tronically and in paper format. The stove
stove built; these will then be
nging to the project proponents and the original documentation
Kitchen Surveys (KS’s) and
will be entered; following this
from the TDR, per cluster,
onstructed over a short period
the TDR for the previous quarter during the
as will not be new project
will provide information regarding the ongoing relevance of KPT results (cluster
off) and sustainable development indicators.
T’s will be carried out every two years to assess performance of aging stoves and to ensure emissions
ill be carried out face to face, with
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
• Cooking behaviour, fuel
• Sources of fuel, prices or labour input (person
3. Updating of Project Database
A project database will be created, which divides the
most recently defined clusters, derived from the
also be recorded here relating to cluster changes
reductions calculations will be documented here also
4. Calculation of emissions reductions
Emissions reductions will be calculated
results of the Monitoring KS’s and K
RB, leakage, usage, age, new stove models.
Periodic monitoring tasks
• NRB fraction assessed b
• Leakage estimates (identified in the PDD and possible new sources) will be surveyed every two
years
• Drop-off in usages rates
random sampling as in the
• An aging stove KPT to assess performance of ageing stoves
assess any changes in performance of the project stoves
• A baseline monitoring K
parameters measured by the K
• New stove KPT will be carried out for new models
• Assessment of wider social and economic impact
development of the project will be made ever
supported a desktop research, field work in the local area and all the information/documentation
produced during the monitoring period as described above.
•
Quality assurance
• Throughout the duration of
reinforce data gathering and
Measurement equipment (scales)
• Sets of digital hanging scales accurate to at least 50g will be used, ideally with Kenya Bureau of
standards certification. Where equipment is acquired outside of Kenya it will be taken to the
Kenya Bureau of Standards for calibration and certification.
• Scales will then be checked annually by KBS and either re
no longer accurate.
• A unique marking will be placed on each scale and records of certification/failure maintained to
ensure only certified scales are in use.
• All staff using scales will be adequately trained in accurate use of the equipment.
All data recorded will be stored by the project proponents for a minimum of two years after the end of the
crediting period or the last issuance of VERs, whichever occurs later.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
44
Cooking behaviour, fuel type & mix
Sources of fuel, prices or labour input (person-hours, distances)
Project Database
A project database will be created, which divides the project beneficiaries into groups according to the
most recently defined clusters, derived from the TDR. The conclusions drawn from KS’s and K
recorded here relating to cluster changes and changes in emissions reductions (if any).
reductions calculations will be documented here also.
Calculation of emissions reductions
Emissions reductions will be calculated (according to new cluster adjustments if necessary)
results of the Monitoring KS’s and KPT’s, using updated values for biomass savings (
RB, leakage, usage, age, new stove models.
NRB fraction assessed by literature review every two years
Leakage estimates (identified in the PDD and possible new sources) will be surveyed every two
off in usages rates by beneficiaries in the first year will be surveyed every two year
random sampling as in the KS
T to assess performance of ageing stoves will be carried out every two years
assess any changes in performance of the project stoves
A baseline monitoring KPT will be carried out every two years IF: The KS reveals that baseline
parameters measured by the KPT’s may have changed significantly.
T will be carried out for new models if launched.
ider social and economic impact and contribution to local sustainable
development of the project will be made every two years. This will be assessed through a study
supported a desktop research, field work in the local area and all the information/documentation
produced during the monitoring period as described above.
Throughout the duration of the project an independent third party consultant
data gathering and monitoring tasks.
Measurement equipment (scales)
Sets of digital hanging scales accurate to at least 50g will be used, ideally with Kenya Bureau of
s certification. Where equipment is acquired outside of Kenya it will be taken to the
Kenya Bureau of Standards for calibration and certification.
Scales will then be checked annually by KBS and either re-certified or discarded and replaced if
A unique marking will be placed on each scale and records of certification/failure maintained to
ensure only certified scales are in use.
All staff using scales will be adequately trained in accurate use of the equipment.
e stored by the project proponents for a minimum of two years after the end of the
crediting period or the last issuance of VERs, whichever occurs later.
Version 03
into groups according to the
. The conclusions drawn from KS’s and KPT’s will
changes in emissions reductions (if any). Emission
(according to new cluster adjustments if necessary) using the
biomass savings (Bbl,y – Bpj,y),
Leakage estimates (identified in the PDD and possible new sources) will be surveyed every two
will be surveyed every two years,
ill be carried out every two years to
T will be carried out every two years IF: The KS reveals that baseline
and contribution to local sustainable
This will be assessed through a study
supported a desktop research, field work in the local area and all the information/documentation
consultant will be engaged to
Sets of digital hanging scales accurate to at least 50g will be used, ideally with Kenya Bureau of
s certification. Where equipment is acquired outside of Kenya it will be taken to the
certified or discarded and replaced if
A unique marking will be placed on each scale and records of certification/failure maintained to
All staff using scales will be adequately trained in accurate use of the equipment.
e stored by the project proponents for a minimum of two years after the end of the
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The diagram below shows the organisational responsibilities for t
flow of monitoring information.
B.8 Date of completion of the application of the baseline and monitoring methodology and the
name of the responsible person(s)/entity(ies)
The application of the methodology
19/11/2010.
The application was carried out by co2balance UK Ltd.
co2balance (Ke)
Stove contractor(s)
Stove builders
Data gathering
Auditing
Data collation
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
45
The diagram below shows the organisational responsibilities for the monitoring plan, arrows show
of monitoring information.
Date of completion of the application of the baseline and monitoring methodology and the
person(s)/entity(ies)
methodology to the project activity to report the baseline
The application was carried out by co2balance UK Ltd. (the project proponent)
(Project proponent)
co2balance UK Ltd.
1 Discovery House
Cook Way
Bindon Rd.
Taunton TA2 6BJ
+44 (0) 1823 332233
(Independent consultant)
Jonathan Rouse
HED Consulting
Independent
consultant
Manufacturers
co2balance (UK)
Key
Data collation,
conversion to
electronic and
archiving of originals
Data collation
electronic archiving.
Completion of
monitoring reports
Survey team
Version 03
he monitoring plan, arrows show the
Date of completion of the application of the baseline and monitoring methodology and the
to report the baseline was completed on the
(the project proponent), with support from HED.
Independent
consultant
Data collation &
tronic archiving.
Completion of
monitoring reports
Survey team
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
SECTIO C. Duration of the
C.1 Duration of the project activity
>>
C.1.1. Starting date of the project activity
The initial investment commitment
of 149 stoves. The schedule of this construction (as per section B.4) was
then the rest of stoves (non-pilot stoves
DoE for this commitment as shown in the
is July 2010 as this is the date
In accordance with the Gold Standard Requireme
starting date of the crediting period has been set to 01/12
to be constructed soon after this
C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of the project
The initial operational lifespan of the improved stoves is expected to be 7 years
review will be carried out to assess the feasibility of refurbishment in order to achieve another 7 years
months of operational life.
C.2 Choice of the crediting period
The project will use a 7 year renewable crediting period.
C.2.1. Renewable crediting period
C.2.1.1.
01/12/2010
C.2.1.2.
7 years 0 months
44 Version 2.1 effective June 2009
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
46
+44 (0) 207 193 4314
Duration of the project activity / crediting period
project activity:
Starting date of the project activity:
nvestment commitment for project construction was made in April
stoves. The schedule of this construction (as per section B.4) was 149
pilot stoves) will be built early in 2011. Evidence
as shown in the constructor agreement. The starting date
is the date that pilot stoves were first distributed.
In accordance with the Gold Standard Requirements44
, section V, requirement
ing period has been set to 01/12/2010 as the rest of stoves (non
ed soon after this.
operational lifetime of the project activity:
The initial operational lifespan of the improved stoves is expected to be 7 years
review will be carried out to assess the feasibility of refurbishment in order to achieve another 7 years
crediting period and related information:
The project will use a 7 year renewable crediting period.
Renewable crediting period
Starting date of the first crediting period:
Length of the first crediting period:
Version 2.1 effective June 2009
Version 03
April 2010 for the construction
149 pilot stoves July 2010 and
vidence has been provided to the
he starting date of the project activity
, section V, requirements V.a.2.1 & V.a.2.4, the
as the rest of stoves (non-pilot stoves) are
The initial operational lifespan of the improved stoves is expected to be 7 years 0 months, following this a
review will be carried out to assess the feasibility of refurbishment in order to achieve another 7 years 0
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
C.2.2. Fixed crediting period
C.2.2.1.
Not Applicable.
C.2.2.2.
Not Applicable.
SECTIO D. Environmental impacts
>>
D.1. If required by the host Par
of the project activity:
The Designated National Authority of the host party has provided confirmation that the project does not
require an Environmental Impact Assessment to be carried out.
this document.
D.2. If environmental impacts are considered significant by the project participants or the
Party, please provide conclusions and all references to support documentation of an environmental
impact assessment undertaken in accordance with the procedures as required by the
Not Applicable.
SECTIO E. Stakeholders’
>>
E.1. Brief description how comments by local
The co-operation and understanding of local stakeholders is a key to the success fo
with this in mind a face to face stakeholder meeting was at the
Aberdares, 27th of April 2010 at 11am.
Local stakeholders were identified by local women’s groups and church groups who invited stakeholders
by word of mouth, relevant NGOs and the Gold Standard were invited by email and a public invitation
was placed in The Daily Nation
provided with a brief summary of the project
When inviting organisations and individuals to attend the stakeholder meeting, best efforts were made to
expand the selection in order to avoid missing out any organisations or individuals that could have a key
interest in the activity. A small group of d
affected they were by the traditional cooking methods and its consequences, their capacity to help
participate and their motivation to make the project work. The main priority was to make certai
was not only the visible, voluble and easy to access that were invited.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
47
Fixed crediting period:
Starting date:
Length:
Environmental impacts
host Party, documentation on the analysis of the environmental impacts
The Designated National Authority of the host party has provided confirmation that the project does not
require an Environmental Impact Assessment to be carried out. Please see letter provided together with
If environmental impacts are considered significant by the project participants or the
, please provide conclusions and all references to support documentation of an environmental
impact assessment undertaken in accordance with the procedures as required by the
Stakeholders’ comments
escription how comments by local stakeholders have been invited and compiled:
operation and understanding of local stakeholders is a key to the success fo
face to face stakeholder meeting was at the Rhino Ark, Kinale, Forest Road Office
Aberdares, 27th of April 2010 at 11am.
Local stakeholders were identified by local women’s groups and church groups who invited stakeholders
by word of mouth, relevant NGOs and the Gold Standard were invited by email and a public invitation
Daily Nation Newspaper. All stakeholders receiving a personal invitation were
summary of the project as well.
When inviting organisations and individuals to attend the stakeholder meeting, best efforts were made to
expand the selection in order to avoid missing out any organisations or individuals that could have a key
interest in the activity. A small group of diverse participants were chosen by their location, need, how
affected they were by the traditional cooking methods and its consequences, their capacity to help
participate and their motivation to make the project work. The main priority was to make certai
was not only the visible, voluble and easy to access that were invited.
Version 03
documentation on the analysis of the environmental impacts
The Designated National Authority of the host party has provided confirmation that the project does not
letter provided together with
If environmental impacts are considered significant by the project participants or the host
, please provide conclusions and all references to support documentation of an environmental
impact assessment undertaken in accordance with the procedures as required by the host Party:
have been invited and compiled:
operation and understanding of local stakeholders is a key to the success for the project activity,
Ark, Kinale, Forest Road Office
Local stakeholders were identified by local women’s groups and church groups who invited stakeholders
by word of mouth, relevant NGOs and the Gold Standard were invited by email and a public invitation
lders receiving a personal invitation were
When inviting organisations and individuals to attend the stakeholder meeting, best efforts were made to
expand the selection in order to avoid missing out any organisations or individuals that could have a key
iverse participants were chosen by their location, need, how
affected they were by the traditional cooking methods and its consequences, their capacity to help
participate and their motivation to make the project work. The main priority was to make certain that it
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
The meeting was attended by
Bushra Razack (BR), Project ManagerSean Fraser (SF), Project Manager Jonathon Baker (JB), Project Development Engineer Solace Amboga (SA), Project Support OfficerJ.N. Githui (JG)- Rhino Ark representative / Field OfficerFelix Mgangi (FM) – Head Warden Aberdares National PAdam Mwangi (AM) – Rhino Ark Scientist Samuel Kariuki (SK)– Vice Chairman, Community RepresentativeJohnson Kagiru (J.K)– Acting Chairman, Community RepresentativeJoseph Kongo (JK)– Community RepresentativeSteve Kianya (SK)– Eco Concern Nay H Cohon (NC)– Eco Concern RepresentativeRepresentatives from local women’s groups, community volunteers, farmers and local households
The stakeholder meeting was attended by 91 people
(53%) and men (47%) present.
Stakeholders were encouraged to actively participate in the meeting, aiding in creating a sustainable
development matrix and discussing how the sustainable development indicators identified could be
monitored. At the end of the m
E.2. Summary of the comments received:
Shown below is a selection of comments representative of those received at the end of the meeting.
Original evaluation forms (in original language) are located in Annex 2 of the Stakeholder Report:
Name
What is your impression of the meeting?
What do you like about the project?
What do you not like about the project?
Signature
Name
What is your impression of the meeting?
What do you like about the project?
What do you not like about the project?
Signature
Name
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
48
by the following representatives and individuals:
Project Manager – co2balance Kenya Project Manager – co2balance Kenya Project Development Engineer – co2balance Kenya Project Support Officer – co2balance Kenya
Rhino Ark representative / Field Officer Head Warden Aberdares National Park Rhino Ark Scientist Vice Chairman, Community Representative Acting Chairman, Community Representative
Community Representative Eco Concern Representative Eco Concern Representative
Representatives from local women’s groups, community volunteers, farmers and local households
holder meeting was attended by 91 people. We were impressed by the
present.
Stakeholders were encouraged to actively participate in the meeting, aiding in creating a sustainable
development matrix and discussing how the sustainable development indicators identified could be
monitored. At the end of the meeting all stakeholders were invited to fill out a feedback form.
Summary of the comments received:
Shown below is a selection of comments representative of those received at the end of the meeting.
Original evaluation forms (in original language) are located in Annex 2 of the Stakeholder Report:
Mary Muthoni
What is your impression of the meeting? I liked everything
What do you like about the project? The idea of the stove, it is cheap, effi
less firewood, reduced CO2, and soot.
What do you not like about the project? None
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 2)
Peter Kariuki Naikumi
What is your impression of the meeting? The meeting has helped me realize about new
technology
The stove project should continue as it will benefit
my community
What do you like about the project? I liked the stove project because it will help my
community
Will impact positively on afforestation and less
firewood
ike about the project? N/A
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 4)
D.K Chege
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Representatives from local women’s groups, community volunteers, farmers and local households
. We were impressed by the even number of women
Stakeholders were encouraged to actively participate in the meeting, aiding in creating a sustainable
development matrix and discussing how the sustainable development indicators identified could be
eeting all stakeholders were invited to fill out a feedback form.
Shown below is a selection of comments representative of those received at the end of the meeting.
Original evaluation forms (in original language) are located in Annex 2 of the Stakeholder Report:
The idea of the stove, it is cheap, efficient and uses
less firewood, reduced CO2, and soot.
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 2)
The meeting has helped me realize about new stove
The stove project should continue as it will benefit
I liked the stove project because it will help my
Will impact positively on afforestation and less
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 4)
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
What is your impression of the meeting?
What do you like about the project?
What do you not like about the project?
Signature
Name
What is your impression of the meeting?
What do you like about the project?
What do you not like about the project?
Signature
The overall consensus was that the meeting was successful and informative. Participants felt that they
were made fully aware of the project and its objectives, and that their questions were answered.
The representation of these comments is shown in the c
From the 69 feedback sheets the project likes were most frequent for the following:
� Employment and Economic Benefits
� Environmental Benefits
� Health Benefits
� Firewood/fuel Reduction
� Community Development
� Cooking time reduction
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
49
What is your impression of the meeting? The problem that we are feeling would be dealt
with
What do you like about the project? Economical
Healthier
c) Conserve the Environment
.
What do you not like about the project? N/A
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 14)
Vic Njagi Kiritu
What is your impression of the meeting? Ok good
What do you like about the project? Everything mentioned especially wood saving,
smoke reduction
What do you not like about the project? Nothing to dislike, want to see what happens
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 35)
The overall consensus was that the meeting was successful and informative. Participants felt that they
were made fully aware of the project and its objectives, and that their questions were answered.
The representation of these comments is shown in the chart below.
From the 69 feedback sheets the project likes were most frequent for the following:
Employment and Economic Benefits
Environmental Benefits
Firewood/fuel Reduction
Community Development
Cooking time reduction
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The problem that we are feeling would be dealt
Environment
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 14)
Everything mentioned especially wood saving,
Nothing to dislike, want to see what happens
See Annex 2 (Sheet number 35)
The overall consensus was that the meeting was successful and informative. Participants felt that they
were made fully aware of the project and its objectives, and that their questions were answered.
From the 69 feedback sheets the project likes were most frequent for the following:
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
5% of respondents expressed dislikes of the project and these were related to the stove being too small,
this is not a dislike of the project per se and if concerns are more widespread, these will be picked up by
the kitchen surveys.
95% of the feedback forms stated that they had no dislikes/not applicable or was left blank.
Many stakeholders highlighted the benefits of the project as it relates to health. Some of these were
• Feedback form 10: Less carbon dioxide, reduced bronchi
less firewood, meaning less time to fetch and more rest
• Feedback form 17: Good health to women and children. Cutting down of trees is less.
• Feedback form 26: It's healthy. Less smoky. I'll have more time to do my duties.
• Feedback form 33: Reduce firewood, smoke, time for school, environmental conservation, health
improvement and new science and technology.
E.3. Report on how due account was taken of any comments received:
No stakeholder comments needed to be taken into account leadin
the project.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Employment
and Economic
benefits
Environmental
Benefits
Number of Likes
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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5% of respondents expressed dislikes of the project and these were related to the stove being too small,
this is not a dislike of the project per se and if concerns are more widespread, these will be picked up by
forms stated that they had no dislikes/not applicable or was left blank.
Many stakeholders highlighted the benefits of the project as it relates to health. Some of these were
Feedback form 10: Less carbon dioxide, reduced bronchi-health related issues.
less firewood, meaning less time to fetch and more rest
Feedback form 17: Good health to women and children. Cutting down of trees is less.
Feedback form 26: It's healthy. Less smoky. I'll have more time to do my duties.
33: Reduce firewood, smoke, time for school, environmental conservation, health
improvement and new science and technology.
Report on how due account was taken of any comments received:
No stakeholder comments needed to be taken into account leading to no modification
Stakeholder feedback - Project likes
Environmental Health Benef its Firew ood/Fuel
Reduction
Community
Development
Cooking Time
Reduction
Activity
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Percentage Likes (%)
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5% of respondents expressed dislikes of the project and these were related to the stove being too small,
this is not a dislike of the project per se and if concerns are more widespread, these will be picked up by
forms stated that they had no dislikes/not applicable or was left blank.
Many stakeholders highlighted the benefits of the project as it relates to health. Some of these were
health related issues. Rocket stove uses
Feedback form 17: Good health to women and children. Cutting down of trees is less.
Feedback form 26: It's healthy. Less smoky. I'll have more time to do my duties.
33: Reduce firewood, smoke, time for school, environmental conservation, health
g to no modifications of any aspects of
Percentage Likes (%)
Number of Likes
Percentage Likes
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
CO TACT I FORMATIO O PARTICIPA TS I THE
Organization: co2balance
Street/P.O.Box: Cook Way
Building: 1 Discovery House
City: Taunton
State/Region: Somerset
Postfix/ZIP: TA2 6BJ
Country: UK
Telephone: +44 (0)1823 33 22 33
FAX: +44 (0)1823
E-Mail: [email protected]
URL: www.co2balance.com
Represented by: Matt Thomas
Title: Mr
Salutation:
Last Name: Thomas
Middle Name:
First Name: Matt
Department: Projects
Mobile:
Direct FAX:
Direct tel:
Personal E-Mail: [email protected]
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
51
Annex 1
CO TACT I FORMATIO O PARTICIPA TS I THE PROJECT ACTIVITY
co2balance
Cook Way
1 Discovery House
Taunton
Somerset
TA2 6BJ
+44 (0)1823 33 22 33
+44 (0)1823 33 67 76
www.co2balance.com
Matt Thomas
Thomas
Matt
Projects
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PROJECT ACTIVITY
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
I FORMATIO REGARDI G PUBLIC FU DI G
Please refer to the Passport document to see proof letter.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) - Version 03
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Annex 2
I FORMATIO REGARDI G PUBLIC FU DI G
Please refer to the Passport document to see proof letter.
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I FORMATIO REGARDI G PUBLIC FU DI G
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
See supplementary files for the RB study.
See supplementary files for baseline report.
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Annex 3
BASELI E I FORMATIO
See supplementary files for the RB study.
See supplementary files for baseline report.
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PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Leakage
Source f: Transportation and construction of stoves
An estimate of the CO2 emissions generated in the construction of the stoves has been assessed for
leakage purposes, the results found this form of leakage to be minimal. For the sake of remaining
conservative however, this assessment has been included in the calculation of emissions reductions
achieved.
Emissions from material production
The materials used to construct each stove
identified in the available literature for the embodied carbon of materials.
Stove Composition Quantity
(units/stove)
Fired bricks
Liner
Metal Plate
Cement
Sand
Total Productemissions per stove
Emissions associated with material production
Emissions from material transportation:
Bricks and liners clay is extracted from Mombasa and manufactured in the same site. This is
approximately 700km from the
truck to storage point. Then a
kilometres to the furthest point in the project boundary
also been accounted for:
Mode
Journey distance (km)
Materials transported per stove (tonnes)
EF (kgCO2/tkm)
Transport emissions (kgCO2/stove)
Total Transport emissions per stove (kgCO2/stove)
Emissions associated with transportation were therefore estimated to be
45 As defined by the stove construction manual provided to contract
46 Data sources as in excel calculation sheet provided, leakage section.
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Transportation and construction of stoves
emissions generated in the construction of the stoves has been assessed for
leakage purposes, the results found this form of leakage to be minimal. For the sake of remaining
ever, this assessment has been included in the calculation of emissions reductions
material production:
The materials used to construct each stove45
are detailed below, along with CO
literature for the embodied carbon of materials.
Quantity (units/stove) Units
Quantity per stove
(kg) EF (kgCOmaterial)
45 # 29.43 0.160
1 # 3.2 0.160
1 # 1.5 1.700
0.2 bag 10 0.830
0.3 barrows 10 0.005
Total Production emissions per stove 54.13 -
iated with material production were therefore estimated to be 16.12
transportation:
and liners clay is extracted from Mombasa and manufactured in the same site. This is
the project area and materials are transported to site via
truck to storage point. Then a pickup truck delivers them to the local communities
kilometres to the furthest point in the project boundary. The emissions generated by this transpo
Pickup truck Heavy Duty Truck
50
Materials transported per stove (tonnes) 0.0541
0.0380
Transport emissions (kgCO2/stove) 0.1028
Total Transport emissions per stove (kgCO2/stove) 1.8127
Emissions associated with transportation were therefore estimated to be 1.8127
As defined by the stove construction manual provided to contractors by the project proponent.
Data sources as in excel calculation sheet provided, leakage section.
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emissions generated in the construction of the stoves has been assessed for
leakage purposes, the results found this form of leakage to be minimal. For the sake of remaining
ever, this assessment has been included in the calculation of emissions reductions
are detailed below, along with CO2 emission factors46
EF (kgCO2/kg
Emissions (kgCO2/stove)
0.160 4.71
0.160 0.51
1.700 2.55
0.830 8.30
0.005 0.05
16.12
to be 16.12 kgCO2/stove.
and liners clay is extracted from Mombasa and manufactured in the same site. This is
project area and materials are transported to site via (10 tonne to 48 tonne)
pickup truck delivers them to the local communities doing up to 50 more
. The emissions generated by this transport have
Heavy Duty Truck
700
0.03413
0.07157
1.7099
1.8127
1.8127 kgCO2/stove.
ors by the project proponent.
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM
CDM – Executive Board
Total leakage emissions (construction and transportation):
The total leakage associated with transportation and construction has been assessed to be
0.0179tCO2/stove , for the whole life span of the stove.
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Total leakage emissions (construction and transportation):
The total leakage associated with transportation and construction has been assessed to be
, for the whole life span of the stove.
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The total leakage associated with transportation and construction has been assessed to be