Classroom Learning Theories and Management

EDEL 413

CSUB

Debbie Meadows

Think about:

Who was your favorite teacher? What made them your favorite? Why was this important to you? How did the teacher handle themselves? How did they handle you? Others? What do you remember about the classroom?

Two Personal Questions…

What do I have that will make me a good teacher?

What do I need to learn?

Philosophies of Education

Essentialism – Traditions of society, morals, values, and skills

necessary to be model citizens: A Nation At Risk

Progressivism– Curriculum is centered around interests of the

students: Dewey

Perennialism– Truth never changes: Plato, Aristotle

Philosophies of Education

Existentialism– Free will to develop as the student sees fit, self-

responsibility, play is “good”: Sartre

Behaviorism– Change the environment, change the student—

teach scientifically: Pavlov

Philosophy into Theory

Learning Theory– Behavioral

Watson, Thorndike, Skinner

– Cognitive Bruner, Vygotsky, Piaget

– Constructivist Dewey, Knowles, Montessori

– Many, Many Others

Behaviorism Learning Theory

Pavlov, Thorndike, John Watson– Stimulus-Response

B.F. Skinner “Operant Conditioning”Children respond to external stimuli

Children can be conditioned to respond

Children can be manipulated/shaped

Teacher sets the goals,controls the environment, and creates assessments

Cognitivism Learning Theory

Atkinson-Shriffin and Ausubel– Schema, Scaffolding, Chunking– Advanced Organizer– Three-Stage Information Processing

Sensory RegistryShort-term MemoryLong-term Memory

Cognitivism Learning Theory

Jean Piaget– Four Stages of Development

Sensorimotor - birth to 2 yearsPreoperational - 2 to 6/7 yearsConcrete Operational - 6/7 to 11/12 yearsFormal Operational – 11/12 to adult

Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development

Constructivism Learning Theory

Build on Prior Knowledge Construct New Knowledge Understand through Authentic Experiences

– Active, hands-on

Problem Solving, Exploration, Collaboration Revision and Reflection

Constructivism Learning Theory

Jerome Bruner– Learning is an active process– Students build new ideas based on their existing

knowledge– Discovery Learning– Spiral Curriculum

Constructivism Learning Theory

John Dewey– Collaborative Work– Teacher is the Mentor or Guide– Inquiry Based Learning

Constructivism Lesson Progression

Situation Grouping Bridge from previous learning Questioning Exhibition Reflection

http://www.prainbow.com/cld/cldp.html

Putting Theory Together in the Learning Environment

What is Teaching?

Philosophy of Education Learning Theory How will you as the teacher handle the

– Academic Development– Social Development– Emotional Development of the students in your

class

What Makes a Good Teacher?

Art Science Personal Characteristics

The Art of Teaching

Enthusiasm for Learning Liking for Children Desire to Help Others

These things CANNOT be taught

The Science of Teaching

Ability to Manage the Classroom Environment Ability to Manage Student Behavior Ability to Make Long-Range Plans Ability to Make Short-Range Plans Ability to Use a Variety of Instructional

Materials These things CAN be taught

Characteristics Of Successful Teachers

Organization Communication Adaptability Creativity

These things CAN be Fostered

Teacher Responsibilities

Curriculum Instruction Classroom Environment School Community Personal Decorum Philosophy of Education

Three Questions for Teachers

Philosophy– What should learners know?

Psychology– How do learners learn?

Pedagogy– How should learners be taught?

Learning

What is your

definition of learning?

Learning Process Phases

Perception– Wanting to know– Taking in information

Conception– Creating meaning

Ideation– Putting information to use

Learning Process

The process of how a student learns All good learning theories have these three

components L.P. links to assessment

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man

Age and Stage Area of Resolution

Basic Attitudes

Birth to 18 months Trust vs Mistrust Hope

18 months to 3 years

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt

Will

3 years to 5 years Initiative vs Guilt Purpose

6 years to 12 years

Industry vs Inferiority

Competence