Classification Classification Classification is a system of
organizing things based on similarities and differences
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Classification of things into two categories THINGS NON
LIVING
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There are seven essential life processes. To remember these
processes meet our little blue woman MS. R. NERG What do all the
letters in her name stand for? 7A Signs of life The meaning of life
How do we identify living from non living?
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7A Signs of life - The meaning of life S = SENSITIVITY Living
things notice and react to changes in their surroundings. They can
respond to light, heat, sound, taste, sight or touch. R =
RESPIRATION Living things need energy to carry out the functions
that keep them alive. M = MOVEMENT Living things are able to move
about. Animals move from place to place. Plants move by responding
to light.
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7A Signs of life - The meaning of life R = REPRODUCTION Living
things produce offspring. G = GROWTH Living things grow, increasing
in size and complexity. N = NUTRITION Living things need to take in
food. E = EXCRETION Living things have to get rid of unwanted waste
products.
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All living things are classified into five main groups called
kingdoms. Most living things belong to the animal kingdom or the
plant kingdom. The Classification Living Things plants Protoctists
animals Bacteria (prokaryotes) fungi living things
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CLASSIFYING ANIMALS Animals Vertebrates (possess a backbone)
BirdsFish Amphibians Reptilesmammals Invertebrates (no backbone)
Worm-like Not worm- like Has jointed legs
Vertebrates Mammals Have body hair or fur Have mammary glands
that produce milk Warm blooded
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Vertebrates Fish Live in water Breathe with gills Streamlined
bodies Have cartilage or bony skeleton Cold blooded Mostly lay
eggs
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Vertebrates Reptiles Have dry, scaly skins Egg laying Breathe
with lungs Cold blooded
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Vertebrates Amphibians Moist skin Lay their eggs in water
Larvae have gills and live in water Adults have lungs and live on
land Cold blooded
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Vertebrates Birds Have feathers and wings Lay eggs with hard
shells Breathe with lungs Warm blooded
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Invertebrates These are animals without a backbone
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Invertebrates Cnidarians Hollow bodied Mouth is the only body
opening and is surrounded by tentacles Uses sting cells to paralyse
prey
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Invertebrates Flatworms Flat thin bodies Digestive system has
only one opening Animals are both male and females Mostly
parasites
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Invertebrates True Worms Rounded bodied Bodies made of
segments
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Invertebrates Molluscs Not segmented Body in three continuous
parts with head, body and foot Have one or two shells
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Invertebrates Echinoderms Spiny skinned Body in five parts
Central mouth with respiratory gills
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Invertebrates Arthropods Hard exo-sekeleton on outside of body
Has eyes and mouth Body divided into more than one segment
CrustaceansArachnidsInsects Centipedes & Millipedes
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Quiz 1] Animals with a backbone are called ____ 2] Animals that
can live on land and in water ____ 3] ____ have wings and can fly.
4]Butterfly is an example of an ______ 5] ______ have shells 6]____
is sorting organisms into groups. 7]Living things are called ____
8] A animal which cant control its internal body temperature is
________ _________ 9] ________ have body divided into five parts.
10] The basic unit of classification is ______.
Plant Classification Plants are living organisms that cannot
move around. Most plants make their own food through
photosynthesis. Vascular Tissues are similar to animals blood
vessels. In plants they are called xylem and phloem, they transport
nutrients and water to cells in the plant. Seeds contain a baby
plant (embryonic plant) the outer covering provides safety and
nutrients to the seedling. Spores are a small single celled
reproductive structure normally spread by non-flowering plants like
fungi.
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Mosses: They have simple leaves and shallow roots, with no
proper vascular systems. The leaves are very small and are not
covered with a waterproof, waxy cuticle layer. Mosses, Angiosperm
and Lichen are often found in damp areas as they dry out easily.
They reproduce using spores. Ferns: They have proper roots and
stems, and leaf-like fronds. The leaves are not covered in a
waterproof, waxy cuticle layer and so they dry out easily and are
generally found in damp places. They do have a vascular system.
They reproduce using spores. Conifers: They have vascular tissues.
They are large plants with proper roots and stems and needle-shaped
leaves with a waxy cuticle. They are good at surviving in dry or
cold climates. They reproduce using seeds found in cones. Flowering
Plants: They have vascular tissues. They have proper roots and
stems and have flowers. Their leaves are large and flat and have a
waxy cuticle. They reproduce using seeds found in fruits. Plant
classification
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What is Non-Living things? Non-Livings cannot reproduce
Non-Livings cannot move by itself Non-Livings cannot grow
Non-Livings cannot die Non-Livings do not need food,water and air
Unable to respond to stimuli Do not get rid of waste
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1 st example for non-living things books Storybooks
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2 nd example for non-living things game boys Game boys
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Classification of Elements in the periodic table The elements
in the periodic table are classified into groups and periods
because of the way they look and act.
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CLASSIFICATION OF ENERGY INTO NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE
SOURCES
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Dichotomous key
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. we will try a simple sorting activity to organize some dogs
into groups according to their similarities... Constructing a
key
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Divide the dogs into two groups Group AGroup B We divide the
dogs into groups by asking a question to which there is a yes or no
answer... Is the dog large (above 65cm)?
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Large DogsSmall Dogs We can now divide each group down into
further sub divisions...
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white and grey coatsbrown and black coats What question could
be used to divide the large dogs down into further groups? Does the
dog have a brown and black coat? No Yes
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Finally the groups can be divided down into individual dogs to
which we can then give the names. What question has been used to
separate these two dogs? Does the dog have curly hair? Airedale
TerrierRotweiller yes no
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1. Is the dog over 65cm tall? If yes go to question 2 If no go
to question 5 2. Does the dog have a brown and black coat? If yes
go to question 3 If no go to question 4 3. Does the dog have a
wooly coat? Yes Airedale Terrier NoRotweiller By asking questions
that divide the dogs we can produce a key
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Does the tail curl upwards? Question 4 Yes No Akita Old English
sheepdog
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Now complete the key, starting with question 5, for the small
dogs. You can make your own questions up.
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Does the dog have a snub nose? YesNo Question 5 Go to question
6Go to question 7
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Does the dog have long hair? Question 6 YesNo Pekinese
Bulldog
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Question 7 Does the dog have very long ears? Yes No Basset
hound Dachsund
Does it have legs? Sagalla caecilian Does it have a tail? Does
it have an elongated nose? Is the skin rough and warty? Mr Burns
beaked toadLong-nosed treefrog Montseny Brook newt Does it have
very large eyes in relation to its head? Does it have webbed feet
and large toepads? Does it have a stout, rounded body and short
legs? Thampis torrent frogMicrohylid frog Yes No Yes Does it have
stripes? Yes Rabbs fringe-limbed treefrog No Tigers
treefrogRaorchestes No Yes Identifying Newly Discovered
Amphibians