ALLOYSNor Adilah binti Muhd Soffian Wong
Siti Sarah binti Mohd Fadlee LeeNursyazwani Binti RoslanSuhaila binti Mohamed
4 MUTIARA
WHAT IS ALLOY ???
What is alloy ?
• Alloy is a mixture of two or more elements with a certain fixed composition in which the major component is a metal
THE AIM IN MAKING ALLOYS
•To increase the hardness and strength of metal
•To prevent corrosion or rusting•To improve the appearance of
the metal surface
EXAMPLE OF ALLOYS
Example of alloys• Bronze• Brass• Steel• Stainless steel• Duralumin• Pewter
PROPERTIES OF ALLOYS
ALLOY COMPOSITION PROPERTIES USES
Bronze ~ 90% copper
~ 10% tin
~ Hard and strong
~ Does not corrode easily
Has shiny surfaces
~ to build statues and monuments
~ in the making of swords, medals and artistic materials
Brass ~ 70% copper
~ 30% zinc
~ Harder than copper ~ in the making of musical instruments and kitchenware
Steel ~ 99% iron
~ 1% carbon
~ Hard and strong ~ in the construction of building and bridges
~ in the building of cars and railway tracks
Stainless steel ~ 74% iron
~ 8% carbon
~ 18% chromium
~ shiny
~ strong
~ does not rust
~ to make surgical instruments
Duralumin ~ 93% aluminium
~ 3% copper
~ 3% magnesium
~ 1% maganese
~ light
~ strong
~ to make the body of aeroplanes
and bullet trains
Pewter ~ 96% tin
~ 3% copper
~ 1% antimony
~ luster
~ shiny
~ strong
~ in the making of souvenirs
THE ARRANGEMENT OF ATOMS IN PURE METALS
When force is applied, layers of atoms in pure
metal slide. So, metals are ductile.
There are empty space between the atoms. When it is knocked, the shape of the metal changes.
So, metals are malleable.
ARRANGEMENT OF ATOM IN ALLOYS
The presence of atoms of other metals that are of different sizes disturb the orderly arrangement of atoms in the metal. This reduces the layer of atoms from sliding. Thus, an alloy
is stronger and harder than its pure metal
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