Chemistry
Chapter 1.2Describing Matter
Objectives
Identify physical properties and physical
changes
Identify chemical properties and chemical
changes
Define - mass, volume, and weight
SI units
SI prefixes
Ladder method
Properties of Matter
Physical Property – Can be
observed/measured without changing the
chemical composition of the substance.
Examples?
Water boiling Iron melting
Gallium
melting
Properties of Matter
Physical Change - a change that does not
affect the chemical composition of a
substance.
Examples???
Properties of Matter
Chemical Properties observed when
the chemical composition of a
substance is changed.
Examples???
Properties of Matter
Chemical Change - a change that alters the
chemical composition of a substance.
What are some indicators that a chemical
change took place???
Properties of Matter
Matter – Anything with mass and volume
Volume - The space matter occupies
Common units – cm3, mL, m3, L
Mass - The quantity of matter
Common units – g, kg
Weight - Weight is defined as the force
of gravity acting on an object.
If you took a trip to the moon, would it
be more accurate to measure your mass
or your weight?
Units of Measurement
Scientists Use SI Units. The following are the SI Base Units we will use the most in Chemistry.
Volume V Liter L
Derived Units
Units made up of more than one unit
are called derived units.
Examples?
SI Prefixes
SI Prefixes are useful when measuring
really large or really small quantities.
Micro- µ 10-6 1/1,000,000 1 micrometer (µm) = 0.000001 m
Nano- n 10-9 1/1,000,000,000 1 nanometer (nm) = 0.000000001 m
KILO
1000
UnitsHECTO
100
Units
DEKA
10
UnitsDECI
0.1
UnitCENTI
0.01
UnitMILLI
0.001
Unit
Meters
Liters
Grams
Ladder Method
How do you use the “ladder” method?
1st – Determine your starting point.
2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point.
3rd – Move the decimal the same number of
jumps in the same direction.
4 km = _________ m
1
23
How many jumps does it take?
Starting Point Ending Point
4.1
__.2
__.3
__. = 4000 m
Try these conversions using the ladder method.
1000 mg = _______ g 1 L = _______ mL 160 cm = _______ mm
14 km = _______ m 109 g = _______ kg 250 m = _______ km
Conversion Practice
Compare using <, >, or =.
56 cm 6 m 7 g 698 mg
Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit.
1) Kilogram _____ 4) Milliliter _____ 7) Kilometer _____
2) Meter _____ 5) Millimeter _____ 8) Centimeter _____
3) Gram _____ 6) Liter _____ 9) Milligram _____
Try these conversions, using the ladder method.
10) 2000 mg = _______ g 15) 5 L = _______ mL 20) 16 cm = _______ mm
11) 104 km = _______ m 16) 198 g = _______ kg 21) 2500 m = _______ km
12) 480 cm = _____ m 17) 75 mL = _____ L 22) 65 g = _____ mg
13) 5.6 kg = _____ g 18) 50 cm = _____ m 23) 6.3 cm = _____ mm
14) 8 mm = _____ cm 19) 5.6 m = _____ cm 24) 120 mg = _____ g
Metric Conversion Challenge
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