Chemicals of emerging concern
Åke Bergman
Director of SWETOX*
Professor at Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Guest professor at Tongji University, Shanghai, China
*Swetox is a academic centre incl. 11 Swedish universities and working on all aspectson chemicals, health & environment; The Swetox hub is based at Karolinska Institutet
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What is emerging?
- A chemical pollutant
- An environmental issue
- Societal concern
A chemical pollutant may be:
Established
Emerging
Novel
PotentialAn environmental issue of
emerging concern may be:
Area/region dependent
Discipline dependent
Regulatory dependent
Emerging Societal concern
Scientific driven
Public opinion
Organisation driven, e.g EPI (SAICM)
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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Types of emerging chemicals
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PBT Chemicals i.e. Legacy POPs or commonly only
PB chemicals with limited tox. and ecotox. data, that
are bioaccumulative due to their:
Lipophilicity or Proteinophilicity
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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POPs in Mothers’ milk
2 0 25 5 5 6 8
12 14 15
3236
46 4853
94
110113
140
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Articles per substance group
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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Emerging pattern of PCBs:highly chlorinated biphenyls
Zhou et al., Chemosphere 150 (2016) 491-498Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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Concentration range in wildlife:
<LOQ – up to 340 μg/g fat
Significant chlorinated paraffin contamination in wildlife sampled close to the mouth of Yangtze river
Zhou et al., Science of the Total Environment 554–555 (2016) 320–328
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Unexpected findings of CPs coming from hand mixers
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1615141312111098765
10 000000
8 000000
6 000000
4 000000
2 000000
Min.
µV
1615141312111098765
6 000000
5 000000
4 000000
3 000000
2 000000
1 000000
Min.
Hand mixer #55µV
Strid et al., Reports to KemI and NFA, Oct., 2014
CPs
CPs Hand mixer #10
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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The unknowns
Indicated but structurally not confirmed – Emerging, indeed
Reason: Lack of authentic reference standards
Zhou et al., STOTEN 554-555 (2016) 320-328
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Persistent and Proteinophilic
PFOA
BP2
Transthyretin
Zhang, J. et al. ES&T, In pressÅke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
10
10
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
PFOS PFOA
SJ
ER
AC
CAW
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
PFOS PFOA
SJ
ER
AC
CAW
ÅB
KAO
Ed
Stine
Suzann
Exposed Children
PFOS and PFOA in humans (pg/ml plasma)
Data from Safe Planet (UN), Bergman and Jakobsson et al., Pers commun
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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http://www.aces.su.se/misse/
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ng
/g d
ust
Median PFAS levels in household dust
Childs bedroom Adult bedroom Living room
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
Bergman et al. from the Misse project
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Types of emerging chemicals
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PBT Chemicals i.e. Legacy POPs or commonly only
PB chemicals with limited tox. and ecotox. data, that
are bioaccumulative due to their:
Lipophilicity or Proteinophilicity
Semi-persistent Chemicals, defined as compounds
with high persitency (abiotically stable chemicals)
that are rapidly metabolised in vivo, are frequent
contaminants of our ambient and outdoor
environments
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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http://www.aces.su.se/misse/
Emerging semi-persistent Chemicals
For example:
Halogenated and Non-halogenated phenols
Phosporus containing additives
Per- and polyfluorinated chemicasl
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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Fluorinated phosphate esters as contaminants
15
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ng
/g d
ust
Median PFAS levels in household dust
Childs bedroom Adult bedroom Living roomÅke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016 Bergman et al. from the Misse project
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http://www.aces.su.se/misse/
Chemical profile in Swedish household dust
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
DEH
P
DP
HP
DIN
CH
TCIP
P
TDC
IPP
TBO
EP
BD
E-4
7
BD
E-9
9
BD
E-2
09
BB
-20
9
DB
DP
E
2,4
,6-T
BP
6O
H-B
DE4
7
CB
15
3
DD
E
PC
P
PFO
A
PFO
S
6:2
PA
P
6:2
diP
AP
pm
ol/
g d
ust
Average from all rooms, 17 families
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
Bergman et al. from the Misse project
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1038 Potential EDCs*
Industrial byproducts
Heavy metalls
Surface protectors
Plastics
Plasticizers
PharmaceuticalsFungicides
POPs
Flame Retardants
Herbicides
Personal Care
products/Cosmetics
Pesticides
* TEDX List of Potential Endocrine Disruptors, accessed Sept. 28, 2016http://www.endocrinedisruption.org/endocrine-disruption/tedx-list-of-potential-endocrine-disruptors/chemicalsearch?action=search&sall=1
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Urgent needs
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Declaration of chemicals in materials and goods
Advanced monitoring of chemicals and effects
Priorterization of tox. and ecotox. testing and assessment
Highly developed substitution strategies
Safety assessments prior to manufacturing
Åke Bergman, SwetoxCopenhagen Chemicals Summit 2016
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