Chapter 6 Notes
Book chapter 4-3
I. Properties of Metals and Nonmetals
-Physical Prop of metals1. *Luster:
shininess2. Good conductor of heat and electricity3. High density
4. High melting point
5. Ductile
6. Malleable
-Chem Prop of Metals
1. *Corrosive:
wearing away of metal
-Alloy
*A mixture of two elements – both metals, or a metal and a nonmetal – that has properties of a metal.
ex: stainless steel, Brass
-Physical Properties of Nonmetals
1. Not as easy to recognize as a group.
-Chem Prop of Nonmetals
1. Tend to gain e-
-Metalloids
1. Display prop of both
2. All are solid
II. Active Metals
-most found in Group 1 and 2
*Combustion:
___ + O2 ----> CO2 + H2O
-Alkali Metals
*Elements in Group 1
-most reactive of all metals
-never found(nature)as free elem
-Rxn with water produces a base
-one e- in outermost nrg level
-Alkaline Earth Metals
*elements in Group 2-reactive-harder and denser-never found free in nature-combine to make alloys-two e- in outermost nrg level
Flame Test ----Group 1 reactivityhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNojS6ZZ4og
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJvS4uc4TbU
http://profmokeur.ca/chemistry/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCk0lYB_8c0&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ft4E1eCUItI&feature=related
Na Noteshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9O7kJLTa9Sg
III. Transition Metals
*Between Group 3 -12
-properties don’t seem to fit any other
-much less reactive
-brittle; brightly colored
IV. Nonmetals
*Groups 13-18
-Boron Family
*Group 13
-3valence e-
-Carbon Family
*Group 14
-4 valence e-
*Organic compound:
anything that contains C
-Nitrogen Family
*Group 15
-five e- in outermost nrg level
-Oxygen Family
*Group 16
-have six e- in outermost nrg level
-oxygen, very reactive and combines with almost every other element(supports combustion)
V. Halogens
*Group 17
*Greeks “halogens”
= Salt formers
-strongly nonmetallic
-gain e- and form neg. ions
-most active nonmetals-never found free in nature-7 valence e--all diatomic elements
but not “At”
VI. Noble Gases
*Group 18
*Inert:
don’t readily combine with other elements
VII. Rare-Earth Elements
*Two rows at the bottom of the chart.
1. First Row
*Lanthanoid series:
soft, malleable metals, high luster, high conductivity
-used to make alloys and high-quality glass
2. Second Row
*Actinoid Series:
radioactive, synthetic
-best known is uranium
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